Sec 4 Phy 2009

2009 Sec 4 Express Physics
(535 including 2008 in PDF format)

1 ACS (I) SA2 No
2 Anderson Sec SA2 No
3 Angl ician High SA2 Yes
4 Bukit Panjang Govt High SA2 No
5 Catholic High School SA2 No
6 Cedar Girls Sec SA2 No
7 Chung Cheng High School SA2 No
8 Hwa Chong Institution SA2 No
9 Methodist Girls' School SA2 No
10 SCGS SA2 No
11 St Joseph's Institution SA2 No
12 Tanjang Kataong Sec SA2 No Total: Pages

J\ngln-<rr.qines.e J&~nnl (3fnbtptnbtnt) .

PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION YEAR FOUR

PHYSICS

5058/01

Paper 1 Multiple Choice

24th Sept 2009 Thursday 1 hour

Additional Materials: Multiple Choice Answer Sheet Soft clean eraser

Soft pencil (type B or H B is recommended)

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write in soft pencil.

Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid.

Write your Centre number and Index number on the Answer sheet in the spaces provided.

There are forty questions on this paper. Answer all questions.

For each question there are four possible answers A, B, C and D. Choose the one you consider correct and record your choice in soft pencil on the separate Answer Sheet.

Read the instructions on the Answer Sheet very carefully.

Each correct answer will score one mark. A mark will not be deducted for a wrong answer. Any rough working should be done in this booklet.

Whenever necessary, the value of the acceleration due to gravity, g, is taken as 10 m/s2.

This document consists of 16 printed pages

o

ACS (/) Preliminary Examination Physics 1

1 Which row correctly shows one scalar and one vector?

Scalar Vector
A displacement speed
B mass length
C acceleration time
0 lenoth velocity 2 The diagram shows a micrometer with zero error.

What is the corrected reading?

A 10.16mm

B 10.18mm

C 10.66mm

o 10.68mm

3 A ball rolls down a smooth track as shown below

Which of the following graphs best represents the variation of its acceleration with time?

A

B

o

o

o

o

~t


4 Three objects P, Q and R start from the same point and move in the same direction.

The diagram shows the v-t graph of the objects in the first 10 s of their motion. Which of the following statements is correct?

v

IP

I------*--....;l Q

iR

1

A B C o

R has the smallest acceleration.

P covered the greatest distance in the 10 s. Q has the greatest average speed in the 10 s P overtakes Q at the ih second.

7

10

tis

5 A person exerts a horizontal force of 50 N to push a box. While in motion, the box also experiences a frictional force of 20 N.

I----.~ 50 N

20 N. .... .. __ --'- -----1

3.0m

~-----------------------------------------.

How much work is done against friction when the box moves a horizontal distance of 3.0m?

A 60J

B 90J

C 120J

o 150J

6 An astronaut, standing on the moon, held a feather in one hand and a hammer in the other. He dropped both objects together from the same height and both arrived at the same time on the ground.

This experiment shows that

A B C o

there is not as much gravity on the moon as on the earth. the object on the moon has no weight.

the same force was acting on each object.

both the feather and the hammer fell with the same acceleration.

2

ACS (I) Preliminary Examination Physics 1

7 Some students wanted to calculate the density of a particular material. They measured the mass and volume of different sized samples of the material. Which graph shows their results?

mass~ mass~ mass~ massL

volume volume volume volume

8 The diagram shows two cubes made out of the same material. One cube has sides that are twice as long as the other cube.

2x

If the weight of the small cube is W, what is the weight of the larger cube?

A

2W

B 4W

c

8W

D 16W

3


9 A hammer can be suspended in equilibrium from three different positions as shown.

A

B

c

Which of the following matches the figures with their respective types of equilibrium?

A B C
A neutral stable unstable
B stable neutral unstable
C unstable stable neutral
D stable unstable neutral 10 The diagram shows a bell-jar with an inverted tube dipping into a trough of mercury. The jar is made air-tight by greasing the rim to the rubber bung.

Bell-jar

to pump

When air is pumped out from the jar, the height of the mercury column

A B C D

drops. rises.

remains unchanged.

drops or rises depending on the diameter of the tube

4


11 An athlete of 50 kg covers 400 m on the track at an average speed of 6 rns', Which of the following statement is correct?

A He has a potential energy of (50 x 10 x 400) J.

B He has a potential energy of (% x 50 x 6) J.

C He has a kinetic energy of (% x 50 x 6) J.

D He has a kinetic energy of (% x SOx 6 x 6) J.

12

The diagram shows air trapped in a narrow tube sealed at one end. The length of the mercury column is 5 cm. The atmospheric pressure is denoted by P and is 76 cm Hg. What is the pressure of the trapped air?

p

A B C D

71 cm Hg 81 cm Hg 76 cm Hg 5 cm Hg

13 The diagram shows a block of ice placed in a warm room. At which point is the temperature the lowest?

c·

14 Some gas is heated in a a sealed container. How do the properties of the molecules of the gas change?

average speed average distance apart frequency of collision with
the walls
A increases decreases increases
B unchanged increases decreases
C increases unchanged increases
D increases decreases unchanged 5 ACS (/) Preliminary Examination Physics 1

1 S . Two solids M and N are heated separately by identical heaters under identical

conditions. The changes in temperature with time for the two solids are shown below.

M

temp

N

time

If M and N are of the same mass, which of these statements below is/are correct?

(I) Freezing point of N is lower than that of M.

(II) Solid N has a higher specific heat capacity than solid M.

(III) The specific latent heat of fusion of N is higher than that of M.

A B

(I) only.

(I) and (II) only.

C D

(I) and (III) only. (I), (II) and (II I).

16 To prevent the ice-cream cake from melting in a box while it is out of the refrigerator, small packets of gel-like liquid are pre-cooled and placed in the box. The contents are kept cool for a couple of hours.

What could be a possible reason for this?

A The gel further insulates against heat conduction to the surroundings.

B The gel slows down the formation of convection currents in the box.

C The gel is a poor emitter of infrared radiation.

D The gel has a large heat capacity.

Q17, Q18 and Q19, please refer to the diagram as shown below.

The diagram represents a sea-wave that causes a small cork C to rise up and down through one complete oscillation every 4 seconds.

(P) (Q) (R) (S)
T
r
1.0 m : )
r
r
r
r
r
r
_L
I+-----------~
3.0m 6


17. The amplitude of the wave is

A

0.5 m

8

1.0 m

c

1.5 m

D

3.0 m

18. The horizontal speed of the wave is

A

0.25 m/s

8

0.75 m/s

c

3.0 m/s

D

12.0 m/s

19. If the wave is moving to the right, after 4 s the cork C will be at position

A (P) 8 (Q) C (R) 0 (8)

20 A radar sends out a signal (transmitted signal) and receives a reflected signal from an UFO a short time later. This is shown as a cathode ray oscilloscope trace below. If the oscilloscope trace sweeps across the screen at 0.8 cm/s and the speed of sound in air is 340 m/s, which of the following gives the distance of the UFO from the radar?

A 8 C D

816 m 1275 m 1632 m 2550 m

Transmitted

I , , , , , , , ,

, I

I I

'+-6.0 cm-'"

21 XY is a ray of light incident on a parallel-sided glass block.

Which one of the light rays A, 8, C or 0 is most likely to represent the path of the ray emerging from the block after refraction?

x

y

D

ABC

7


22 A ray of light is incident an one side of a rectangular glass block, so that the angle of refraction is 40° in the glass. Which diagram correctly shows a possible path of this ray? (the critical angle for this glass is 44°)

B

D

23 In the figure below, the point A indicates the position of an image when an object 0 is placed between the focal point F and the optical center C of a convex lens L. The object is then moved to one focal length, F, from the optical center.

Which of the following combinations correctly represents the nature of the image for the first and second position of an object?

Position of image for first object

A B C D

real, magnified, upright virtual, magnified, inverted virtual, magnified, upright real, diminished, upright

8

Position of image for second object

real, magnified, inverted real, diminished, inverted virtual, magnified, upright virtual, diminished, upright


24 Which one of the following groups of electromagnetic waves is arranged in order of decreasing frequency?

A gamma rays, ultraviolet ray, X-ray

B gamma ray, X-ray, ultraviolet ray

C ultraviolet, X-ray, gamma ray

D radio waves, microwaves, infra-red radiation.

25 A student conducted an experiment to investigate the characteristics of sound wave when it travels through various media. He generated a sound wave of 25 Hz using a sound wave generator and allowed it to pass through the various media. He then measured the wavelength, frequency and speed of the sound waves in the various media.

After a few trials of his experiment, he listed out a few conclusions:

I) The speed of sound is faster in the solid medium than in gaseous medium (air).

II) The wavelength of the sound waves in the solid medium is longer than the gaseous medium.

III) The frequency of the sound wave in the solid medium is higher than the gaseous medium.

IV) The particles in the media are vibrating perpendicularly to the direction of the motion of the sound waves.

Which of the above conclusions is I are correct?

A (I) only

B (I) and (II)

C (I), (II) and (III)

D (I) and (IV)

26 In crop dusting, liquid pesticide is sprayed from a small plane over a field. These droplets are usually charged.

How might imparting charges to the spray help?

I) The charged droplets will be attracted to the crop as the ground would be of the opposite charge.

II) The charged droplets will repel each other and cover a wider area.

III) The charged droplets will cover the crop evenly.

A I only

B II only

C II and III only

D

All above

9

ACS (I) Preliminary Examination Physics 1J

27 The diagrams show (I) a mass in a gravitational field, (II) a charge in an electric field and (III) a wire carrying a current at right angles to a magnetic field.

mass

Gravitational field

(I)

charge

(II)

(III)

In which directions can the forces due to the different fields act on the mass, charge and wire respectively?

A B C D

Gravitational field Force down Force up or down Force down Force down

Electric field Force up or down Force up or down Force down Force up or down

Magnetic field Force left or right Force up or down Force down Force right

28 Two pieces of copper wire, A and B, have the same volume. The length of A is 3.0 times the length of B.

Wire B

Wire A

What is the value of !1_ where RA and Rs are the resistances of wire A and B R8

res pective Iy?

A 3.0

B 5.2

10

C 9.0

D 15.6


Use the figure below to answer questions 29 and 30.

Four resistors A, 8, C and D are connected with an ammeter and a voltmeter as shown in figure below.

29 The total resistance of the circuit is

A 2.0 n

B 2.8 o

C 4.0 Q

D 10.0 o

o

30 Which of the following statements is lare true about the voltage across the resistors and the current through the resistors?

(I) Maximum current flows through resistor b

(II) The voltage across resistors A and D are the same.

(III) The voltage across resistors 8 and C are the same.

(III) Minimum current flows through the resistor D

A (I) and (II) only

B . (I) and (III) only

C (I), (II) and (III) only

o (I), (II), (III) and (IV)

11 ACS (/) Preliminary Examination Physics 1

31 A 3000 n resistor is connected in series with an LOR and a 10.0 V d.c supply. When a small amount of light falls on the LOR, its resistance drops from 2000 n to 1000 n.

The potential difference across the LOR before and after shining the light on the LOR would be

10.0V

p.d before shining light / V

p.d after shining light / V

A B C o

6.0 4.0 4.0 4.0

4.0 2.5 7.5 6.0

32 A potential divider has a constant supply of 6.0 V as shown in the diagrams.

Which circuit will provide a potential difference between X and Y that can be varied between zero and 3.0 V

A B
y
R Y R X

+ +
s.ov 6.0V
R _., R
X
C 0
QY
.1
R R
+
e.ov X 6.0V Y
R R
x

12 ACS (I) Preliminary Examination Physics 1 33 An electrical kettle labeled 500 W 1240 V is connected to a main supply via a three-pin plug. Which of the following statements is 1 are correct?

(I) The voltage at live wire and neutral wire is 240 V

(II) The current flowing through live and neutral is same.

(III) A fuse of 3A must be fitted in the neutral wire

(IV) A fuse of 3A must be fitted in the live wire

A (I) only

B (I) and (II) only

C (II) and (III) only

o (II) and (IV) only

34 What is the mistake in the household circuit shown below?

meter

fuse

=

Neutral win! ...--+--+---#1

switch

A There is no mistake in the above circuit.

B There should be an earth wire connected to the load.

e The main switch should be installed at the live wire.

D The neutral wire and the live wire in the socket should be interchanged.

35 Which of the following would be observed on the screen of the CRO if an alternating voltage supply is applied to the Y -input and the time-base is turned off?

A

B

e

D

13


36 A direct current flows downwards in a vertical wire. Which diagram shows the direction and shape of magnetic field in the region of the wire?

A

B

c

o

00 00

37 The diagram shows an electric bell.

(IV) (III)

(II)

+

What materials would be suitable for the parts indicated?

(I) (II) (III)

A soft iron brass spring steel

B soft iron copper spring steel

C soft iron copper spring steel

o soft iron copper soft iron

(IV) brass soft iron copper soft iron

14


38 The diagram below shows a simple d.c motor. When the current flows through the solenoid, it

A rotates continuously in a clockwise direction.

B rotates for 90° in clockwise direction and then return back to its original position.

C rotates continuously in an anti-clockwise direction.

o rotates for 90° in an anti-clockwise direction and then return back to its original position.

39 Two solenoids P and Q are placed side by side as shown in the figure below. When the switch S is closed, current flows through the solenoid Q, and it induces an e.m.f momentarily in the solenoid P. Which of the following combinations correctly represents the pole at the left end of the solenoid P and the direction of deflection of the galvanometer?

Q

p

E:JI

pole at left end of P

direction of deflection of galvanometer.

A B C o

N-pole N-pole S-pole S-pole

towards right towards left towards right towards left

40 An ideal transformer is connected to a 240 V supply to operate a lamp rated at "48W, 2A." What is the turn ratio of secondary coil to primary coil?

A B C o

1: 10 10:1 5:1

1 :5

15


! Centre Number: 2031

!Index Number:

J\nSlo-OIl}:itres.e ~t:411111 (lfnbepenbent)

PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION YEAR FOUR

PHYSICS

5058/2

Paper 2 Theory

Monday 14th September 2009

1 hour 45 minutes

Candidates answer on the Question Paper.


Write your Centre number and Index number on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen.

You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working. Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, and glue or correction fluid.

Answer all questions.

Write your answers to Section A, Questions 10 and 11 'in the spaces provided on the Question Paper.

Write your answer to Question 12 on the lined pages provided.

Question 12 comes with an EITHER or OR option; and you need only to answer one of the two choices.

Candidates are reminded that all quantitative answers should include appropriate units. Candidates are advised to show all their working in a clear and orderly manner, as more marks are awarded for sound use of physics than for correct answers.

At the end of the examination, fasten any separate answer paper to the Question Paper. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

Whenever necessary, the value of the acceleration due to gravity, g, is taken as 10 m/s2.

This document consists of 18 printed pages.

Section A [50 M]

Answer all the questions in this section.

1 A physical quantity is a quantity that can be measured. It consists of a numerical magnitude and a unit. Examples of physical quantities are length, mass and time.

Base Quantity Name of SI Unit Symbol for SI Unit
length metre m
mass kilogram k
time second s (a) The height of Mount Everest is roughly 89 times the length of a football field.

Estimate the height of Mount Everest and express your answer to 2 significant

figures by using a suitable prefix. [2]

(b) Fig. 1.1 shows three strings attached to a ring. The ring and the strings lie in a horizontal plane.

B

String A

Fig 1.1

String C

Given that the tension in the strings is not zero, is it possible for the suspended ring

to be at rest? Why? [2]


2 When a car undergoes a brake test, two sets of measurements are made:

1. the maximum braking force on the wheels produced by operating the foot brake,

2. the maximum braking force produced by operating the hand brake.

Typical data for a car of mass 900 kg are as follows.

1. Foot brake

2. Hand brake

Maximum braking force IN 6700

2000

In order to determine whether or not the brakes are satisfactory, the data are applied to a chart (called a nomogram) like the one shown in Fig. 2.1 This chart has three vertical lines, marked with scales.

Mass 01 ear U/kO

S~dII1ance from a tpeeCl o,20ma-'

S/m

20

2:5 C

30

3000

40

1500

eo 70 eo ~ 100

1000 900 800 700

eoo 500

Brake efficiency and stopping distance from 20 ms"

Fig. 2.1

The central vertical line shows the maximum braking force. The line on the left shows the mass of the car. The line on the right shows the braking efficiency and also the stopping distance from an initial speed of 20 m S-1. The braking efficiency E is defined by the equation

2


deceleration of car

E = x 100

acceleration of free fall

As an example of the use of this chart for a car of mass 900 kg, the figures in the table show a maximum braking force for the foot brake of 6700 N. The point A, corresponding to the mass, and the point B, corresponding to the braking force, are joined to give a straight, sloping line. This line is extended to cut the braking efficiency scale at the point C, and shows that in this particular case, the stopping distance S from an initial speed of 20 m S·1 is about 27 m.

(a) Read from the chart the braking efficiency corresponding to point C.

Braking efficiency = [1]

(b) Using the definition of braking efficiency given above, find the deceleration corresponding to the value of braking efficiency in (a). Give your answer in m S·2.

Deceleration = ... ... ... ... ... [1]

(c) Show, by calculation, that the deceleration you obtained in (b) gives a stopping distance of 27 m, to 2 significant figures, from an initial speed of

20 m S·1. [1]

(d) Draw a line on the chart to represent the results of the hand brake test on the

car of mass 900 kg. [1]

Using the hand brake alone,

(i) find the stopping distance from a speed of 20 m S·1.

Stopping distance = [1]

(ii) find the braking efficiency.

Braking efficiency = [1]

(e) Use the chart to estimate the braking efficiency for a car of mass 1300 kg if

the maximum braking force were 14 000 N. Comment on the answer. [2]

Braking efficiency = .

3


3 Fig 3.1 shows a boiler with a circular outlet of radius 50.0 cm that lets some

vapour through when the pressure within the boiler goes beyond a certain limit. The 100 kg mass is able to slide along the 1.0 kg uniform rod. The rod's centre of gravity (CG) is 4.0 m away from the pivot.

7.0m

--
"- r-

I U I 100kg I Ir'I =:J
I I I"
cover I I Pivot/
J !'-=outlet

boiler fig 3.1

(a) Using the Principle of Moments, calculate the force exerted by the metal cover on the outlet if the CG of the1 00 kg mass is 3.3 m from the pivot.

[3]

(b) Hence calculate the maximum pressure that the boiler can contain before the

vapour escapes into the air. [2]

(c) It is discovered that the maximum pressure that was calculated above is too high and hence dangerous, as the boiler may explode. What can be done to set it to release the vapour at a lower pressure? [1]

(d) In reality, the pressure calculated in (b) is different from the actual value. Is

the actual value higher or lower? Explain your answer. [1]

4


4 The figure illustrates the principles of a fair-ground ride. The vehicle starts from rest at point A which is at the top of the curved track. The vehicle then rolls down the track as far as the point X. Beyond X, the track is horizontal, and the vehicle is decelerated as it passes through a trough containing water, coming to rest at point B.

vehicle of. mass 100 kg

10m

water trough

x -::-:-=-:-:-::::-::-::-=-::-.:-.:-:-::-::-~=-:-.::-

------------------- --

B

------------------- --

---------------------

(a) Describe the main energy conversions which take place as the vehicle

moves from A to X. [1]

(b) As the vehicle moves from A to X, it travels 50 m along the track and

falls through a vertical height of 10m. Assuming that the effects of friction can be ignored, calculate the speed of the vehicle when it reaches point X.

[2]

(c) The 100 kg vehicle comes to rest in the water 5.0 s after passing X. Determine

(i) the average deceleration of the vehicle, and [1]

(ii) the average retarding force exerted by the water on the vehicle. [2]

5


5 Brownian motion is the motion of tiny particles suspended in a liquid or gas. It can be seen when smoke in a sealed container is observed using a microscope.

(a)

Explain what causes Brownian motion.

[2]

(b) Draw a diagram to show the motion of a smoke particle seen through the

microscope. [1]

(c) The temperature of the sealed container is increased. What will happen to

the motion of the smoke particles and the pressure of the container? [2]

6 Fig. 6.1 shows the main parts of the electromagnetic spectrum.

visible

+

I gamma rays : X-rays

I I

ultra-violet I I

Infra-red

radio

I ,

10~m

Fig. 6.1

1m

1000m wavelength .

(a) The diameter of an atom is approximately 10.10 m. Which type of radiation has

a wavelength about the diameter of an atom? [1]

(b) Calculate the frequency of the type of radiation in (a).

State the formula that you use. Also, state the value of any constant used. [3]

6 ACS (I) Preliminary Examination Physics 2

7 Fig. 7.1 below shows the air pressure at different distances from a loudspeaker.

Air pressure

Distance from loudspeaker

(a)

Fig. 7.1

On Fig. 7.1, draw a trace for a louder sound of the same pitch.

[2]

(b) Sound waves are longitudinal waves made up of compressions and rarefactions. On Fig. 7.1, mark carefully the position of a compression C

and a rarefaction R. [1]

8 Fig. 8.1 shows a filament lamp connected to a 12 V supply. A resistor is connected in series with the lamp. A computer is connected to the circuit to display a graph of the variation of the current with time in the circuit. Fig. 8.1 shows the graph obtained.

14
+ 12
_i_ current 10
/A 8
6
4
2
\
_i

1\
\.. o

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0

time/s

Fig. 8.1

(a) Calculate the resistance of the circuit at

Fig. 8.2

(i) the maximum current (as shown in the graph in Fig. 8.2)

(ii)

the normal steady current.

[2]

7


(b)

Explain why the resistance changes.

[1 ]

(d) Filament lamps often blow at the instant when they are switched on. Their life can be extended by the use of a thermistor, as shown in Fig. 8.3.

Fig. 8.4 shows a graph of the variation of the current with time when the circuit of Fig. 8.3 is switched on.

14
+ 12
_I_ current 10
fA 8
6
4
2

/' t-.......
V Fig. 8.3

o 0.0 0.2 0.4' 0.6 O.B 1.0

time/s

Fig. 8.4

(i) State how the resistance of the thermistor changes in the first 0.5 s

after the lamp is switched on. [1]

(ii) Explain how the thermistor extends the life of the lamp.

[2]

ACS (/J Preliminary Examination Physics 2

9 Fig. 9.1 shows a simple a.c. generator in which the coil is turned at a constant frequency, f. Fig. 9.2 shows how the induced e.m.f. varies with time for one rotation. The induced e.m.f. has a voltage of 10 V and the coil has a period of time 0.8 s.

Slips rings

VoitN

I 1\
V \
!\ /
\ / timels

Fig. 9.1

Fig. 9.2

(a) Explain carefully how an alternating induced e.m.f. is produced in the coil for

one rotation. [2]

(b) Sketch on Fig 9.2. the induced e.m.f, if the frequency of rotation is doubled

after 1.2 s. [3]

(c)

Explain the function of the slip rings and brushes.

[2]

9


Section B

[30 M]

Answer all the questions in this section. Q12 has a choice of EITHER, OR, to answer.

10 Fig. 10.1 shows a portable barbeque grill connected to a power supply with a terminal potential difference of 240 V. The grill is made out of twelve identical coils of cast iron rods each of resistance R. The rods are connected to each other and the grill is operated by using two switches which are ganged together. This means that when one switch is off, both are off, if one is at A, both are at A; if one is at B, both are at B.

e.mJ. E

OOff

B~ ~

oOff Bo

Left-side Grill Right-side Grill

Fig. 10.1

(a)

Suggest one advantage of the grill's switching arrangement.

[1]

(b) A fault occurs in the right-side grill, when the switch is at A. Is the grill still

able to function? Why? [2]

(c)

Calculate the effective resistance, in terms of R, of the heating coil when both

switches are at A. [2]

10


(d) Given that when both switches are at A, there is a power output of 190 W per

rod, calculate the resistance R of each rod. [3]

(e) Sug.gest a safety feature that can be added onto the grill to prevent the grill from being damaged during an electrical surge and explain briefly how it can prevent damage to the grill. [2]

11

(a) A U-shaped magnet sits on a top pan balance as shown in Fig. 11.1. A wire is placed horizontally between the poles of the magnet such that a length of

wire lies in the field of the magnet.

N

Wire (current polntlnq out of paper)

/

/S

/

o

U-shaped magnet

top pan balance

Fig.11.1

Initially, no current flows in the wire and the balance reads 159.46 g. When a steady current of 2.00 A (pointing out of the plane of the paper) is passed through the wire, the balance reads 159.72 g.

11


Sketch the magnetic field lines around the wire, as viewed from the front,

(i)

due to the current alone;

[1 ]

(ii) due to the combined effect of the current and the U-shaped magnet

and indicate the direction of the resultant force. [3]

(ii i)

Calculate the force experienced by the wire.

[2]

12


(b) Fig.11.2 below shows a cylindrical aluminium bar A resting on two horizontal aluminium rails which can be connected to a battery. A magnetic field acts perpendicularly into the paper. Assume that frictional force between bar A and the rails is negligible.

X SI
X ~
Top View X
X
Z Fig 11.2 Y Describe the motion of bar A immediately after the switch Sl is closed and

indicate the direction of the motion on Fig. 11.2 (2)

(c)

A magnetic force can be experienced by a current-carrying conductor placed perpendicular to a magnetic field. This force is due to the motion of the electrons within the conductor subjected to magnetic forces. The diagram below shows a section of a current-carrying conductor placed perpendicular to a uniform magnetic field.

x x x x
x x x x
x x x x
x Ix x x
Magnetic field into and
perpendicular to paper Current co/rylng x conductor

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

electron

Fig11.3

Draw in the diagram, Fig 11.3, the direction of the force on the conductor due

to the motion of electrons in the magnetic field. [1]

Comment on the direction of this force as compared to the determination of the direction in (b). [1]

13


12 EITHER

Fig. 12.1 is a full size diagram showing 3 rays from the top of a distant object incident on a converging lens.

Fig. 12.1

(a) How does the diagram show that the object is a long way from the lens? [1]

(b) F is one of the principal foci of the lens. Measure the focal length of the lens.

[1 ]

(c)

Give the name of the point labelled C in the diagram.

[1 ]

(d) Complete the paths of the 3 rays to show how they are converged by the lens

to form the image. Represent the image with an arrow. [3]

(e) (f)

Measure the height of the image.

[1 ] [2]

State the nature of the image.

(g) If the upper half of the lens is cut and removed, leaving only the lower half as

shown in Fig. 12.2, describe how the image would be changed. [1]

Fig. 12.2

14


OR

Daniel wishes to discover the most efficient but simple method of keeping tea warm for 20 - 30 minutes. He borrows four beakers and prepares them in the manner as shown in Fig. 12.1. Beaker D acts as a control in the investigation.

thermometer

thermometer

thermometer

thermometer

lagged beaker Beaker A

beaker with lid Beaker B

beaker with silver paper Beaker C

no insulation Beaker 0

Fig. 12.1

(a) Suggest a reason why the first three beakers were prepared in the manner

shown. [2]

Supposing Daniel has completed his investigation. The table below contains the data he has obtained.

Time/min Temp_erature/ -c
Beaker A Beaker B Beaker C Beaker D
0 91 91 91 89
2 84 86 84 75
4 76 82 79 67
6 71 77 74 61
8 66 74 69 56
10 61 70 64 52
12 57 68 60 48
14 54 64 56 45
16 51 61 53 43
18 49 59 51 41
20 47 58 49 40 (b) Plot a graph for each of the 4 sets of readings on the same graph paper.

Draw a sensible conclusion from your graph to match the objective of the

investigation. [4]

(c) Lemonade can be cooled by adding lumps of ice to it. A student discovers that 70 g of ice at a temperature of 0.0 "C cools 0.30 kg of lemonade from 28.0 -c to 7.0 -c.

The specific latent heat of fusion of ice is 0.33 MJkg-1. The specific heat capacity of water is 4.2 kJkg-1 K1.

15


Determine

[4]

(i) the energy gained by the ice in melting

(ii) the energy gained by the melted ice

(iii) the energy lost by the lemonade

(iv) a value for the specific heat capacity of the lemonade

16


17


18


~~ t {CM \-U'-H ~61.

Secondary 4 Pre"mlnary Examination (2009) PHYSICS 5058 • Paper 1 (40 marks)

Answer ALL the questions on the answer sheet (OMS) provided.

1. The thIckness of a piece of metal is measured with a micrometer. Which reading shows the correct precision of the read1ng recorded?

A. 1 em

B. 1.1 em

C. 1.10cm

D. 1.100cm

2. Four identIcal iron balls, each of mass 25 g, were Immersed in a measuring cylinder containing 20 cm3 of water, The reading of the water level rose to 40 cm3, What is the density of the Iron?

A. 4x25 I 3
'"2ogcm
B. 25 '3
--'g/em
4x20
C. 4x20 I 3
2'5gcm
D. 20 3
~g/cm 3. It takes 23 minutes for an Airport Express train to travel 34 km from the Central Station to the airport.

Which description of the train is NOT correct?

A. The instantaneous speed can be greater than 90 km h'l

B. The average velocity is smaller than 90 km h·1

C. The average speed Is about 90 km h·1

D. The displacement is 34 km

4. A lunar landing module is descending to the Moon's surface at a steady velocity of

10 rns", .

At a height of 120 rn, a small object falls from its landing gear. If the Moon's gravitational acceleratIon Is 1.6 m s'z, at what speed In m S·1 does the object strike the surface of the Moon?

A. 10.0

B. 19.6

C. 22.0

O. 202

2

5.' A pulling force.F, increasing from zero, Is applied to a block on a rough h·orlzontal surface. A graph of friction f against the pulling force F Is plotted.

fiN

5

IL
/
V
/ o

5

FIN

What is Fwhen the block is moving at a uniform velocity?

A. ON

8. 2N

C. 4N

D. SN

S. A swimmer starts at point P and swims at 1.2 m S·l across a river in the direction towards Q. 0 is directly facing P, on the opposite bank of the river of width 60 m. The current In the river Is flOwing at a speed of 1.2 ms", When the swimmer finally reaches the opposite bank, he discovers that he is at another position R, Instead of Q.

1.2ms-1 -current

, I ,

I 60 III

J I ,

• I

I

t

p

Find the distance OR.

A.30m

B. SOm

C. GOm

D.72m

7. The diagram shows a wooden object with a metal load attached to one end. The object Is balanced on a pivot. The centre of gravity of the object Is at

3

22. The diagram below shows a ray of light traveling from glass to air.

What Is the refractive index of the gla~s?

A. 0.673

B. 0.701

C. 1.43

D. 1.49

23. An image is formed in a plane mirror.

renee ted ray

...•.•....•..........•.•..

image

plane mirror

Which statement must be correct?

Angles Distances

A w=y d.=d;

do is greater than dl

do=dl

do is greater than dl

B w=z
C x=y
0 x=y 24. Which of the following cannot employ ultrasonic waves for use?

A. To remove dirt from small pieces of instrument.

B. Help the bats fly through obstacles .

C. Help the astronauts to communicate with each other on the surface of the rna n.

D. To scan the Inner part of human body.

25. In the diagram below, a self-luminous object is located at O. W, X, L. Y and Z are oints which are equally spaced along the axis of the lens. A real, inverted image of the bJect

Is formed at point Y.

y

z

w

x

o

L

8

If the object is moved 10 point W. what happens to the .Image?

A. It remains Inverted at point Y but becomes smaller.

B. It remains Inverted at point Y but becomes larger.

C. It moves away from point Y towards lens L.

D. It moves away from point Y towards point Z.

26, Three parallel rays pass through a concave lens as shown below. Which of the rays islare drawn correctly?

3

A. 1 only

B, 1 and 2 only C e , 2 and 3 only D. 1,2 and 3

27. P and Q are WlO 'points 12 m apart on a string. Point P is vibrated 4 times a second and the wave reaches Q two seconds later. Find the period and wavelength of the wave.

P a
Period Is Wavelength 1m
A. 0.25 1.5
B, 0.25 3
C. 2 1.5
D. 2 3 28, Which of the following statements about ultra-violet rays is incorrect?

A. They may be used for sterilization of eqUipment.

B. They are widely employed for burglar alarm.

C. They are not absorbed by plants to perform photosynthesis.

D. They have shorter wavelengths than visible light.

29. Two light conducting balls suspended on insulated threads hang in the position shown below. This shows that

A. the balls are oppositely charged but not necessarily equally charged.

B. the .balls are equally and oppositely charged.

C. the balls are equally charged and both carry the same charge,

D. one ball Is Charged and the other is uncharged.

9

30. Two bulbs A and B are joined to a 6-V battery as shown. If the potential difference across bulb A is 2 V. which of the following statements is Incorrect?

A 8

A. The potential difference across bulb B Is 4 V.

B. The charge passing through bulb A is equal to that through bulb B in 1 s.

C. When 2 C of charge flows through bulb B, 1 J of energy transfers to the bulb.

D. When 2 C of charge flows through bulb A, 4 J of energy transfers to the bulb.

10

31. What will happen to the brightness of bulb P and Q if the temperature of the thermistor Is Increased?

.f.. .Q.
A. dimmer brighter
B. unchanged unchanged
C. brighter brighter.
0, brighter dimmer' 32. All of the bulbs In the following circuits are identical: each of them is rated at 220 V. 100W.

220V~ llOV~

Circuit X

Circuit Y

Calculate the total electrical energy consumed if the bulbs are operated for 8 hours.

A. B. C. D.

Circuit X 0.2x8 kW h 0.2x8 kWh 0.05xSkWh 0.05 x8 kWh

Circuit Y O.2x8 kWh 0.05x8 kWh 0.2x8 kWh 0.05 x 8 kWh

· 33. The diode in the circuit In the figure has zero fOlWard resistance. THe voltmeter reads 12 V. If the diode were reversed the voltmeter reading woutd be

20 .

.,.. I

I

....!_

2Q

A.6V

B. BV

C. 9V

D. 18V

34. A 5 A fuse is used for the connection to a special lighting .~.et with a rating of 200W, SOY in the living room. What will happen if a 7 A fuse is to be Inserted instead?

A. The person changing the fuse may get an electric shock due to a large current.

B. The 7 A fuse will blow as higher current flows into the circuit.

C. This will cause the house to experience frequent blackout as there Is an increase In current flow.

D. The lighting set will stili work but can be damaged when a large current flows into the circuit.

35. Two equally strong bar magnets are placed side by side on a table. Their North poles point in the same direction, as shown in the diagram. A compass is placed exactly midway between them.

o

s

N

N

compass

s

The North pole of the compass Is shown by an arrow-head. Which way will the compass point?

A. CD

B·CD

Il

36. Each of the following figures shows the end view of three parallel straight wires. The currents through these wIres are equal in size. Which of these combinations produces , zero resultant magnetic force on wire Y?

A.

8@0

x y z

B.

0@@

X Y Z

c,

@80

y x z

D.

800

y X Z

37. A coil is wound around a paper core which is placed inside a cylindrical permanent magnet.

if the terminals of the coil are connected to a d.c. power supply, how wUJthe paper core move?

A. To the left

B. To the right

C. Upwards

D. Downwards

36. How do we operate an a.c. generator such that its output changes from X to Y?

voltago

A. Reverse the direction of rotation of the coil

B. Rotate the coil faster

C. Increase the number of turns in the coil.

D. Use a weaker magnet

39.

In the figure above, the transformer is 60% efficient. Ea'ch light bulb Is '12 V 24 W d Is

working at rated value. What is the primary current?

A. O.20A

D.

o.so x

B. 0.45 A

C. a.60A

12

;tP'.

I

~""

40. An a.c, signalls displayed on a CRO screen. The tIme base and Y-galn are 2 ms/div and 2 V/div respectively.

1'1 n Ir fI
v V \j v v V Onglnal dS.play

NewdS.play

. Which of the following settings can give the new display?

Time base y-galn
A. 1 ms/div 1 Vldiv
B. 1 ms/div 4 Vldiv
C. 4 ms/div 1 Vldiv
D. 4 ms/div 4 V/div /""

'.

--~- THE END ----~.

©©©

Answer Key

1. 0 2. A 3.0 4. C 5. C 6. C 7 .. C B. B 9.0 10.0
11.B 12.B 13.8 14.0 15.A 1S.B 17.A 18.A 19.0' 20.S
21.A 22.C 23.C 24.C 25.0 26:8 27.A 26.B 29.C 30.C
31.A 32.C 33.C 34.0 35.B 3S.A 37.A 38.C 39.C 40.C 13

Anglican High School

Preliminary Examination for Secondary 4

Name: , , , , , , .. ' , , , .. I' ~ ,.

Index Number: .

Class: ..

PHYSICS Paper 2 Theory

5058/02

Tuesday

25th August 2009

1 hour 45 minutes

AddUjonal Materials:

Writing Paper (1 sheet)


Write your particulars on an the work you hand in.

Wrfte in dark blue or black pen on bo1h sides of the paper.

You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams or rough working. .

Do not use staples, paper cllps, high lighters, glue or correction fluid.

Answer all questions. For Question 11, answer only EITHER or OR. Do not answer both EITHER and OR.

Write your answers to Section A and to Questions 9 and 10 in the spaces provided on the Question

Paper. . .

Write your answer to Question 11 on the separate writing paper provided.

Candidates are reminded that all quantitative answers should Include appropriate units. Candidates are advised to show all their wOrking In a clear and orderly manner, as more marks are awarded for sound use of Physics than for correct answers.

Take g = 10 m/s2 unless otherwise stated.

At the end of the examination, fasten all your answers securely together.

Name of Parent/Guardian

For Examiners' Use
Section A
Section B
Total Assessment noted by;

Signature ofParentjGuardlan

Date: _

This Question Paper consists of 1§.printed pages including this cover page.

[Tum over]

Section A (50 marks)

Answer all the questions in thls section.

1. Object X is dropped from the top of a tall building and falls freely towards the ground. Fig. 1 shows the velocity-time graph during the first sIx seconds of the motion of object X.

v/ms·'
10
8

6
Fig. 1
4

·2

0
tis
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 (a). State the name given to describe the constant velocity that is reached by a falling object .

........................................................................................................................ [1]

(b) Explain why the constant velocity is not reached immediately after the ball is dropped.

"', ,t .. t •• ,. ~ ••• 0' ••••••• , •• ,. , ••••••••• II ••••••••••• ".t ••••• "' •••• t, ,,, •••••• ft, .,t .... ft •• ,. ff, .t' ,t •..••••. , ••.• , •••. [2]

(c) Object Y, which has a smaller mass but of the same diameter as object X, is then dropped from the same height of the tall building and faUs ·freely. On the same axes in Fig.1, draw a

graph to show the motion of object Y. [2]

(d) Draw on Fig. 1.2 below, the dlsplacement-tlrnejjraph of object X during the first six seconds

of its motion. You do not have to state the value of the displacement. [21

. .

displacement .

Fig. 1.2

~------------------. Us

o

2

6

2

2. Fig. 2 shows a metal ball of mass 2.0 kg hanging from a string that is pulled to one s de by a

horizontal force of 1 0 til. • .

Fig. 2

lON

(a) On Fig. 2. draw and label the other two forces acting on the pendulum bob bes des the

horizontal force of 10 N. [2]

(b) By means of a scale diagram (using a scale of 1 em : 2 N), detennine the value of n91e x.

(You are DQ! allowed to use mathematical fonnula to calculate the value of angle x. [3]

. 3

3. The diagrams A, e and C show a cup that always returns to an upright position when tipped on

itS side. The cup Is intended for use by very young children. .

~Handle

A

B

c

(a) What Is meant by the centre of gravity of the cup?

• ~ •• -, ,' •••••• o •••• f " •• , , .' , •••• , ••••••••• , , •••••••••••• , " •••••• , •• '" ••••••••••••• , ••••• , •• , ,. to., I,

•• 0 ...... 0" t. to. _t .. t •• , •• , , ,t. '0_ 0 •••• ' •••••• '0' " •• 0 •• t. , to .0 ••••• to ,.O'!' •• f. t •• to 0, ••••••• 't. ,t. ,t. 0 ••• , •••• o. to, t. to

., •• 1' ,.,t,. ,.t't, .t •••• "1'" ••• , •••• t ., ••••• ,., •• ,.,.,' 0O' ,t, ••••••• t •• o. ,t .• t ••••• ,. ,t, ." •• , •••••• " •••••••••. t. [2]

(b) On diagram A. mark with a letter X the likely position of the centre of gravity of the cup. (1) (c) How did the manufacturer of the cup ensure that the centre of gravity of the cup is at X?

.. ,." .. , .. , .. ".,.,.,., , , , , ,.,., , , .. ,., .. , .. , , ".,' .. '.' , .. , .

•••• • .-. I ••• It .t , 0' •••• It' t" •••• 't •• , ••••••••• , , •••• f •• ' •• t. It. "p ••• It f 0''",'" ., •• ,., ' ••••• 0 {1]

(d) What is the disadvantage of this cup when used by very young children? Explain your answer .

.......................................... , ••••••••••••••• ·•• ••••••••••• ,." ••• , ••••• , •• ,", ••••••• " •••••• 1' ••• ,', ••••••• , ••• ,

""""'0'0'", ••• ,0 f • II , ••• " ••• " ••••• , ••• , •• , •••• tI, •••••••• I'" ••• , ••• , ••• t •• ,. tt. ,., It ••• , '" ". "'" t ,. [2.]

4

.- \

4. In Singapore, we often switch on the alr-conditloner to cool our rooms as the weather is very hot. However, in temperate countries where the weather Is cold, the rooms lleed to be heated up. Fig.· 4 shows a method of heating a room using solar energy instead of conventional sources of energy. A brick wall with a blackened surface is placed behind a double-glazed window facing the Sun. During the day, the wall stores energy received from the Sun as heat energy. At night. the heat from the blackened surface is transferred to the air next to it.

Ceiling

Room

Double-glazed I window

Fig. 4

Blackened surface

Oa

Floor

(a) Explain why the surface of the brick wall is blackened .

5

... : [2]

(b) Describe how the heated air next to the wall is transferred throughout the room .

••••••••• '".' •••• , •• , •• , ••••••••••••••••••••••••• " ••• ,., •• ·." •• , •• ,,·., ••• ,., •.•••• 1' , ••• , •••••••• , •••• ,

..................................................................................................................... [3]

(c) The double glazed window consists of two sheets of glass which trap a layer of air between them. Explain how using a double-glazed window increases the rate at which the temperature of the room rises .

•• ~ , ••• , •••••• , ••••• , , •••• , •••• '" , t " • t f " ••••• , ••• , •••• I • ~ •• , ••••••••• " [2)

5. When raindrops faU on the glass windscreen of a car, visibility is reduced. The driver needs to activate the windscreen wiper"to wipe the water away so·that he can see where he is going:lf a thin transparent coating Is applied to the glass windscreen, the water droplets will flatten over the surface of the glass. This helps to improve the visibility and makes driving in the rain safer. Fig. 5 shows a narrow beam of blue light incident on water that has been flattened on the windscreen of a car. The coating and the glass both have the same refractive index of 1.52 for

blue light and the refractive index of water is 1.33. .

(b) On Fig. 5 above, draw the direction of the blue light after leaving the water and entering

the coating and the glass. [2]

(c) Calculate the critical angle In water for blue light

critical angle ,,; .: " [2]

Fig. 5

(a) Calculate the angle of refraction rwithin the water.

Coating

r= : [2]

6

6. Fig. 6 shows the pressure variations in sound. wave P.

. .

Pressure variation

Fig. 6

(a) On Fig. 6, draw the pressure variation of a sound wave that is lower in pitch and h gher in

volume than sound wave P. (2]

(b) List two differences between ultraviolet radiation and ultrasound.

, ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• I , •••••••••••••••••• 1 •••••••• ~. • ••• , ••••

••• , •••••• ", , •• ,., •••••••••••• 11 •• ,.It.· ••• • ••••••• ····, •• ·.···, •• ·.·,.".····.····,·····.· , •••

•••••••••••••••••••.•••••••• t, ••• •••••.••• •• •••••••••· ••••••••••••••••••••.••••••••• , .•••••••••• , .

............................................................................................................... .... [2)

7(a) The potential difference between a cloud and a lightning rod is 2.0 x 103 MV. In a l\9htning strike, a current of 2000 A flows from the cloud to the lightning rod. Given that the rocess takes 10 ms, calculate the energy involved in this process.

Energy = [2]

7

t""". ("

(b) Three hollow copper spheres are placed near each other in air. The large sphere C carries a' positive charge and the two small spheres A and B touch each other, as shown in Fig. 7.1 below.

Insulating

stand ,-.1-"""_'-1

Insulating handles

Fig. 7.1

(i) Describe the movement of charges that occur in A and 6.

,to •••• 0. to. ,t,.,' ,0, .~. 't •• f. I.' ttl. 0, ,, •• ,0 to. '0' to t, ••••••. t. t'" I, ". ,t •• 1. ,., .t' to, , •• t, ,.. to [2]

(ii) The two small spheres are pulled apart, using their insulated handles, and then taken well away from the large sphere. Explain why energy Is needed to separate the two small. spheres .

... , , , , , ,.,." ,., , ,.,.

'r' ,0' •••••• t f ••• I ,., .t •.•...••.. tt. ,t. "" " •• t •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• , , •• ' ,.:,.,. [2]

(c) Draw the electric field pattem between the two isolated point charges shown in Fig. 7.2 below. [2]

Fig. 7.2

..

8

8. A manufacturer of electric cookers makes the heater of the grill out of ten identical coils of wire.

These coils are connected to one another and to the mains by way of two way switches as shown in Fig. 8. The two switches are ganged together. This means that if one is off, both are off: if one is at X, both are at X: if one is. at Y, both are at Y.

Fig. 8

l!40V 'V

(a) State Ohm's Law .

I8n _ nt!a~ng

cons

'&It haU of grill

righl hall of grlll

• ,., ••...• _ ••..• ,., •••• " ••• , ..•••••.•...••. ' .•••. , , .. , ..•..•.••..•. " .•• , ··,·· ·t.,

................................................................................................... : [2]

(b) 80th switches are now at X. Calculate

(Q the potential difference across each of the ten coils of wire.

(Ii) the resistance of each coli of wire if the power output of each coli is 160 W.

P.d. across each coil = [2]

Resistance = .. " [2]

(c) State the effect on the resistance of the coil of wire when it is being heated .

........ ••• " ••••••• , ..... , , ••• ,' '.1'" •• , ••••••••••••• II ... ' •• , •• , , .... 1 •••••• , ••••• , " I." ., •• tt'4.,.' I.' ••••• I 1."". [1]

9

Section B (30 marks)

Answer questions 9 and 10. For question 11. answer EITHER lOR.

9. Wind power can be used for the generation of electric power. Fig. 9.1 illustrates one particular type of wind turbine.

Fig. 9.1

generator houslng ----J

10000t ----

The Wind causes the rotor blades to turn and these blades drive an electric generator in the generator housing.

Some Information provided by a manufacturer of wind turbines is given in Fig. 9.2.

Height of tower from ground to hub Rotor diameter

Number of blades

. Nominal output Voltage Frequency

56m 44m 3 500kW 690 V 50Hz

output power /kW

•• .1,

500 :: .

. : . _. ~;'. -

250

10

15

20

30

5

Fig. 9.2

wind spood/m 8-1

10

Minimum height = , .. [2]

One such wind turbine is built near a town. The local newspaper reported that the win turbine

'could serve 200 homes',' .

(a) Suggest why the report that the wind turbine can serve 200 homes is misleading .

• , •• , ••••••••••••••• , ••• "."'0' t •••• '" •••••• , to ... , •• 0 •• 0 •• ' ••••• , •••••••••• ,. ...... " •••• ow, ••••••••••••• ,. '" t •••••• [1 J

(b) Determine the minimum height of the tip of a rotor blade above ground level,

(c) State the maximum power output

, , , " ', , .. -1- 111

(d) Air of density p and speed v Is incident normally on a rotor of radius r. The kineti· energy E of the air incident on the rotor per unit time is given by E I t = O. 6 ~.; p.

The air has density 1.25 kg m-3.

Calculate, for the wind turbine operating at maximum output power,

(i) the kinetic energy of air incident per second on the rotor (the incident wind ower).

i 1

Incident wind power = [2}

(Ii) the overall efficiency of generation of electric power.

Efficiency = [2]

(e) At a certain wind speed, the turbine is 'cut out', that is, the generator is no long r turned by the blades. This speed is known as the cut-off speed,

(i) Determine the cut-out speed from Fig. 9.2.

" , , .. ,,,.,, [1]

(ii) Suggest one reason why it is necessary to have a cut-out speed,

.. , " " ". ,[1]

11

10. Fig. 10.1 shows a large, calibrated syringe connected to a pressure gauge. The piston is slowly pushed Into the syringe. The temperature of the air remains constant. The pressure P and the volume V of the trapped air are recorded. Fig.10.2 shows a graph of P against V.

Fig. 10.1
PI x10s Pa
8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0 ....

3.0
2.0
1.0
V/m3
0 0.001 0.002 0.003 0.004
Fig. 10.2 (a) (i) Initially, the piston is stationary. Explain, in terms of molecular motion, how the trapped air creates a pressure on the piston .

••• •••• t •• " •• , ••••• t •• to ., ••••• II I " """,0, t., •• , ' •• ".01' ''Of'" ,., .,, ' •• ",,..,. of , •• ". , •••• ,.,. tf t .,',. ,t." (1]

(ii) Explain why the pressure increases as the piston is pushed In .

••• , ••••• " ••••••••••• ,i ••••••••••• , •••••••• , ,., •••••••••• ,".'"" •• ' •••••••• , ••• , ' •••• 1 •••••• ,., •• ,

•••• ,0 ••••••• 't •• 0.'. 0' •••• 'l ••• 0_ ... ' .,_ ••• _I' I Of '.t •••• tt ., •••• ,; •• , •• "' .t. ,,, ... It., •••••••••• , t~ •• , ••• ,I, " ••• {2]

12

13

(b) The cross-sectional area of the piston is 4.00 X 10-4 m2• Calculate, stating any formula that you use, the force applied by the trapped air on the piston at this pressure (4.0 x 10s Pa).

force = .. , [2J

(c) (i) It is suggested that P and V are related by the equation PV = constant.

If this relationship is correct, state in words the relationship between P and V .

................................................................................................................ [1)

(ii) Using data from the graph, proof whether this relationship is valid.

[2]

(iii) In practice, the temperature of the air increases. Explain, in terms of molecular motion, how this affects the air pressure in the syringe .

• I • , If ., ••••• ,I ,~ , ••••••••• '" " • ,. I •••••• , •••••••••• , , ••••• , •• , •••••••••• , •• , •••••••• , ••• , ,

......................................... " , , .

•••••• '0' .,1 ., ••••••• ,., , ••••• to' ••• ,., , ••••••••• , , •••••••••• 'f' t ,.(2)

11 Either

(a) Fig. 11.1 shows the south poles of two bar magnets being placed close to and facing each other.

Fig. 11.1

sl

Copy the two magnets and draw the magnetic field pattern between the south poles. [2]

(b) Fig. 11.2 shows a bar of soft iron, B, which is placed close enough to a permanent magnet, so that it becomes an induced magnet. A plotting compass, C, is placed midway between the permanent magnet and the soft iron bar B.

N

t

C
0 Is
B N

Fig. 11.2 (Q Copy magnet B and mark the two magnetic poles induced in magnet B.

(ii) Copy compass C and indicate in C the direction in which the Compass needle will

point. (2]

(iii) The permanent magnet is then removed as shown in Fig. 11.3.

0
N 0
t B

Fig. 11.~
l Copy compass 0 and indicate in 0 the direction in which the compass needle now points. [1]

14

(c) Fig. 11.4 shows a circuit that is used to measure the length of time during w lch the daylight is above a certain brightness. The circuit incorporates a device P, whose resistance changes when different intensities of light fall on it.

Fig. 11.4

tlec:tromagMl

paper drive by clockwork oilers

(i) State the full name of device P.

(1 ]

(ii) Explain why the pen will begin to draw a trace on the paper when light starts 0 fall on

device P and stop when It becomes dark. [4J

15

OR

(a) A transformer only works when It is connected to an a.e. power supply. It does not work

when it is connected to a d.c. power supply. explain why this is so. [2]

(b) The output voltage of a step-downtransfcrmer Is smaller than the input voltage. However, the output current Is larger than the input current Explain why current is 'stepped up' by a step-down transformer. (2]

(c) A cathode-ray oscilloscope is connected across the output of a transformer and the appearance of the screen is as shown In Fig. 11.5 below. The squares are aU of side one centimetre.

Fig. 11.5

The Y -plate sensitivity is set at 5 Vlcm and the timebase is set so that the horizontal deflection is 0.5 mstcm.

(i) Calculate the frequency of the output of the transformer.

[2]

(ii) What must the timebase setting be so that the display can show five complete

waveforms. [1]

(d) Fig. 11.6 shows a device Z connected to the output of a transfonner. transformer

~--~...........__~1 -.--: _~_:

__@ I B

I.. J 0

Fig. 11.6

(i) State the name of device Z.

[1] [1] [1]

(ii) What Is the purpose of connecting device Z In this manner? (Iii) Sketch the II V graph for device Z.

[End of paper]

16

AHS Physics Prelim Exam 2009 Suggested Answers

. .

1 (a) Terminal veolocity.

(b) Constant velocity is reached when the resistive force (air resistance) bas the same value as the weight of the load. The resistive force takes time to reach that value I increases with speed. (c) Object Y reaches terminal velocity earlier than object X and the value is smaller.

(d)

2(a)

4

10 N

'1111

Weight must be from the CO of the sphere

Weight

(b) Scale 1 em: 2 N

Arrows must form a closed triangle since there is no resultant force.

3(a) It is the point through which the whole weight of the cup appears to act.

(b)

n l__l

A

(c) Make the base heavier than the body I use a denser material for the base I make the base thicker

than the body .

(d) When the cup is filled with water, the CG is raised and the cup becomes moreunstable, "

OR: When the child holds the cup by the handle (pivot), there is a moment due to the weight of the cup and the water.

Hence water will spill easily.

4(a) Black surfaces are good absorbers of infra-red radiation / ragiant heat eriabling more heat to be stored.

(b) The heated air rises to the top and enters the room via the top gap. The colder air in the room replaces the risen heated air via the lower gap. The heated air is hence transferred throughout the room because of the convection current.

(c) Air is a bad conductor of heat. Rate of heat loss by conduction from the room to the outside is reduced.

5(a) n water;: sin i / sin r

sin r = sin i I n water ;: sin 45° /1.33 r = 32. I 0 (correct to 3 s.f.)

(b) Light ray bends towards the normal as it travels from air (optically less dense medium) to water (optically denser medium). However, it does not bend as it travels from the water to glass (same optical density).

(c) n water = 1 / sin c

sin c = I I n water = 1 / 1.33

c = 48.8° (correct to 3 s.f.)

6(a) Higher amplitude and longer period / lower frequency (b) Any 2 of the following:

UV radiation Ultrasound
Can travel though vacuum Needs a medium to travel
Transverse wave Longitudinal wave
Maximum ~ed = sReed oflight Maximum s~ed much lower than speed oflight
Travels faster in air than in water Travels faster in water than in air 7(a)E=Vlt=2.0x 109x2000x lOx 10.3 =4.0x 1010 J

\.,

(b) (i) Electrons in A & B move to the side of sphere A that is nearer to sphere G.

(i i) Energy is needed to overcome the force of attraction between spheres A and B as they are oppositely charged.

(c)

8(a) Ohm's law state that the current passing through a metallic conductor is directly proport onal to the potential difference across its ends, provided the physical conditions (e.g. temperat ) are constant.

(b) (i) potential difference across each wire = 240 15 = 48 V (series arrangement) . (ii) P=V1/R

R = V2 I P = 482 1160

= 14 n (correct to 2 s.f.) or 14.4 n (correct to 3 s.f.)

(c) It increases.

9(a) The wind speed is not constant 1 the power consumption of each household is different / the report did not specify whether the wind turbine supplies only part or all of each househo d's power requirement.

(b) minimum height = S6 - (44/2)

. =34m

(c) 600 kW

(d) (i) incident wind power = 0.5 x (44IZl x (lSi x 1.25 == 3207370

= 3.2 x 106 W or 3200 kW (correct to 2 s.f.) or 3207 kW (3 s.f.)

(ii) overall efficiency = (600 kW I 3207 kW) x 100%

= 19 % (correct to 2 s.f.) or 18.8 % (3 s.f.)

(e) (i) 25 rrlIs

(ii) reduce wear and tear

IO(a) (i) Air molecules collide with the piston and exert a force on it. Hence pressure is e erted on the piston as pressure is defined as force per unit area.

(ii) The frequency of collision increases as the number of molecules per unit volume increases

(the volume is now smaller but the number of molecules remains the same). .

*Note that the increased frequency of collision is not due to the increase in the s ed of the molecules. Since the temperature remains constant, the speed of the molecules ill also

remain constant. . .

(b) F=P xA

= (4.0 x lOS) x (4 x 10"') ='J60N

(c) (i) P is inversely proportional to V.

(ii) Using at least 2 points from the grap'h to show that PV = constant e.g. For V;;: 0.001 m', P ;:: 4.0 x 10 Pa : PV = 4.0 x 102 Pa m3 For V =0.002 ro3, P = 2.0 x lOS Pa: PV =4.0 x 102 Pa m3 Hence, PV= constant

(iii) As temperature increases, the molecules gain kinetic energy and their average sp d increases. As a result, the frequency of collision of the molecules with the syringe i Teases. The' force exerted on the syringe also increases. Therefore, pressure increases since ressure is defined as force per unit volume.

s

Must have correct pattern and arrow direction

I I (a)

s

(b) (i), (ii)

c

,--I S __ 8 ____.N I 8

(iii)

8

o

CD

(c) (i) Light dependent resistor

(ii) When light falls on P, its resistance decreases, As a result, more current flows in the circuit and the electromagnet gets-more strongly magnetized and attracts the bar. The pen is then lowered and begins to draw a trace on the paper,

When it is dark, P's resistance increases. Consequently, the current flowing iIJ.cfle circuit is reduced and the electromagnet is not able to attract the bar anymore. The tension in the spring pulls the pen away and hence it is not able to draw a trace on the paper.

OR

II(a) Ern.f is only induced when there is a change in the magnetic flux linking the coil. Since the magnetic field generated by a direct current in the primary coil does not change, there will be no e.m.f induced in the secondary coil.

(b) Power supplied to the primary coil is transferred to the secondary coil.

1= PN, so I a. IN. Hence if V is reduced (stepped down), I is increased (stepped up)

... If the transformer is ideal (100%), then the power is fully transferred (conservation of energy).

If it is not ideal, then power will be lost. In any case, the inverse relationship between the induced emf and induced current still holds. Whether the transformer is a step-up or step-down . transformer depends on the turns ratio and not on its efficiency.

(c) (i) T = (8 x 0.5 ms) 12.5 = 1.6 ms f= 1fT = 1/(1.6 x 10.3) = 625 Hz

(ii) timebase setting = 1 ms 1 em

(d) (i) Diode

(ii) To convert output from a.c, to d.c. 1 to rectify the a.c, output. (iii) .

IIA

See textbook page 343

VIV

BUKIT PANJANG GOVERNMENT HIGH SCHOOL PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION 2009 SECONDARY FOUR EXPRESS

PHYSICS (5058/01)

PAPER 1 Multiple Choice

Date: 21 /8/2009

Duration: 1 hour

Additional materials: Multiple Choice answer sheet Soft clean eraser

Soft pencil (type B or HB is recommended)

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:

Write in soft pencil

Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters or correction fluids

Write your name, Class, and index number on the answer sheet in the spaces provided unless this has been done for you.

There are forty questions on this paper. Answer all questions. For each question there are four possible answers A, B, C and D.

Choose the one you consider correct and record your choice in soft pencil on the separate answer sheet.

Read the instructions on the Answer Sheet very carefully.

Each correct answer will score one mark. A mark will not be deducted for a wrong answer.

Any rough working should be done in this booklet.

This document consists of 15 printed pages including the cover page.

1

Which one of the following pairs of physical quantities does not have equivalent units?

A Moments and work done

B Kinetic energy and heat

C Electromotive force and potential difference

D Gravitational force and electromotive force

2 The diagram shows part of a micrometer screw gauge.

What is the reading shown?

A

4.32 mm

B

4.52 mm

C

4.82 mm D

4.84 mm

3 The following graph represents two objects A and B in a state of linear motion, which one of the following statements is correct?

B

40

20

I

! A

o

t /s

3

5

A Object B overtakes object A at the end of the third second.

B Object B overtakes object A at the end of the fifth second.

C In the first three seconds, the average speed of object B is greater than that of object A

D In the first five seconds, the averaqe speed of the object B is greater than that of object A.

4 A ball is released from rest through air of uniform viscosity. Which of the following graphs represent the variation of the resultant acceleration of the ball with time?

(A) (B)

Acceleration Acceleration

~oLLtlm' g~"~

2

5 Three forces act on a body P as shown.

N

20N West

60N East

40N North

P

Which one of the following gives the approximate direction of the additional force required to keep the object stationary? (Drawing is not to scale)

A North-east

B North-west

C South-east

D South-west

6 A plane, as shown in the figure below, is accelerating while flying at constant height. Which set of values correctly shows the forces acting on the aeroplane?

Lift

t

Weight
Thrust Weight Drag Lift
A 500 kN 450 kN 450 kN 500 kN
B 450 kN 500 kN 450 kN 500 kN
C 450 kN 450 kN 500 kN 450 kN
D 500 kN 500 kN 450 kN 500 kN 7 A cylindrical bullet of mass 20 g is fired by some hot expanding gas from a gun with barrel 1.2 m long. The hot expanding gas exerts an average force of 1600 N when the bullet is in the barrel. Calculate the speed with which the bullet leaves the barrel.

Hot expanding gas

~ ...

I------~-__+f

1.2m

A 400 m/s

B 438 rn/s

C 1920m/s

D 192000 m/s

3

8 A wooden block weighing 30 N is pulled up a rough inclined plane at a constant speed by a force of 70 N parallel to the inclined plane. When the distance moved along the plane is 12 m, the increase in height is 1.0 m. What is the work done against friction?

A 30 J

B 360 J

e 810 J

D 840 J

9 The resistance of an alloy wire is 25 n when it is placed in a cup of melting ice. At room temperature of 28 "C, the resistance is 38 n . If the wire is put in boiling water, what will be the resistance?

A 28 n

B 46 n

e 71 o

D 152 n

10 Some air is trapped in the space above the mercury in a barometer. Let L be the height of the air column trapped and h be the height of the mercury column. When the glass tube is pressed down into the mercury reservoir, which of the following best describes the change of Land h?

L --r
Air
--"1 Mercury ;S}~l·;(·t~1.

";' .. :::'

A B e D

L Decrease

Remain unchanged Decrease Decrease

h

Remain unchanged Decrease Decrease

Increase

4

11 In a hydraulic press as shown, the small piston of 100 N is pushed down and this is just sufficient to raise a heavy load in the large piston. Neglecting the weight of the pistons, what is the maximum load that can be lifted?

100 N

A.

I I

X
Large Small
piston
of area oil piston
30 em2 of area
3.0
em2
A 10 N
B 100 N
C 1000 N
0 10000 N 12 A light metre rule is kept in a horizontal position by a wire as shown. The tension, T, in the wire is

20Cll1 6 n 50 em
4 2."( 0 . fl ...
! 1
-:
.,T 3N
A 3.2 N B 5.0 N C 5.8 N 0 6.0 N 13 A triangular piece of card with a triangular hole can be balanced on the thin edge of a ruler as shown.

In which other position will the card balance on the ruler?

ABC D

5

14 A funnel which has a rubber membrane stretched over its mouth is connected to a manometer and immersed in a tank of liquid. The difference, h, in the liquid levels of the manometer could be increased by increasing the

Rubber membrane

A density of the liquid in the tank

B density of the liquid in the manometer

C area of rubber membrane

D cross sectional area of the manometer

15 How are the speed, frequency and wavelength of a 3 cm microwave altered when it travels from air into paraffin oil?

Speed Frequency Wavelength
A Increase Same Increase
B Increase Increase Same
C Same Decrease Increase
D Decrease Same Decrease 16 The figure shows a wave in the same section of a vibrating cord at two different instances. From this information, we can deduce that the least possible frequency of the wave is

\Vave direction

A

5 Hz

810Hz

C

20 Hz

D 40 Hz

6

17 Some beads are attached to an elastic string on which a wave is set up. The diagrams show the position of the beads at various instants during a cycle. Which of the statements about the wave is/are true?

,...,
T= a 5 , , • • , e 9 '0
· • • "" · • • ·
T= 1 5 , 2 , · • • • io
• . . • . • . e
T= 2 5 , 2 · • 7 • '0
q • • · • • •
T= 3 5 1 " , · " c, 0 '0
• • • • · • · • ·
T= 45 r · • ;; , • '0
• • • • • • • (I) It is a longitudinal wave (II) Its period is 2 s

(III) Its wavelength is about 6 cm

A (I) only B (III) only

C (I) and (11,1) only D (I), (II) and (III)

18 The diagram shows water waves traveling from section X to section Y in a ripple tank.

Which statement is correct?

A The waves travel at the same speed in X and Y. B The water is deeper in section Y.

C The water is shallower in section Y. D The waves move faster in section Y

19

Radiowaves

p

Q

R

UV rays

The above diagram shows part of the electromagnetic spectrum, Which of the following statements is/are correct?

(I) The wavelength of P is longer than that of R (II) P is used in satellite communications.

(III) Q is used for sterilization of drinking water

A (II) only

B (I) and (II) C (II) and (III)

7

D (I), (II) and (III)

Questions 20 and 21

20

20 t::::::::::::~

,

, ,

.'

15

10

5

Mr Miser would like to fix one or two plane mirrors on the wall so that he can see his whole body in it. But he wants the mirror to be as short as possible. He is 20 units tall and his eyes are 18 units above the ground.

Which of the following arrangements of the mirrors best suits Mr Miser's

requirements? .

A 20 B
20
15 15
plane plane
mirror
JO mirror 10
5 5
.. ,
0 0
C 20 D
20 -.
15 I plane 15
: plane
mirror .~lian)r~
lO· 10
5 5
.,
0 0 , 21 Which of the following cases can he still see his whole body image in the same mirror as question 20?

(I) Mr Miser walks towards the mirror. (II) Mr Miser walks away from the mirror

(111)Mr Miser stands up on a chair in front of the mirror.

A (II) only

B (III) only

C (I) and (II)

D (I) and (III)

8

22 A ray of light, WX travels from medium 1 to medium 3. Which of the following statements is/are correct?

w

medium 1

medium ::

medium:'

A Medium 3 has the highest refractive index.

B XY will be able to pass into medium 3 if WX makes a smaller angle of incidence at X.

C XY will be able to pass into medium 3 if WX makes a larger angle of incidence at X.

D A light ray travels in the direction of ZY will be able to pass into medium 3.

23 A ship's siren has a frequency of 150 Hz. Its echo is produced by a reflection from a cliff 1200 m away and is heard 8 s later. Find the wavelength of the sound waves.

A 0.25 m B 0.5 m C 1 m 0 2m

Question 24 & 25

~....f."I trunsparcnt ruler

~ ~"IlW.~ICIlS

-'~'-'--

<.

v

transtuccru screen

24 The above set up of apparatus is used to measure the magnification of the real images produced by a convex lens and find out how it is related to the ratio, image distance/object distance. The experimental results are

I The magnification increases as the object moves towards the lens

II The magnification decreases as the object moves towards the lens

III The magnification of an image is the same as the ratio of image distance to object distance

A I only

B II only

9

C D

I and III " and III

25

4

.:

2

o "__~~--:::-::--:::----:'::---'---_

10 20 30 40 50

v/crn

When the magnifications produced in questions 24 are plotted against their corresponding image distances, the above graph is obtained. The focal length of the lens is

A 10cm B 20cm C 30cm D 40cm

26 An open tin container is partially submerged in a pot of boiling water. A few minutes later, the tin is closed with a cap so that it is air tight. The whole tin container is then removed from the boiling water. It is observed that the tin container buckles and collapses. Which of the following statement is not a reason for the above observation?

A B C D

Average kinetic energy of the air molecules decreases. Internal gas pressure in the tin container decreases.

The number of air molecules per unit volume decreases.

The frequency of the air molecules colliding with the wall of the container decreases.

27

Three metal spheres X, Y and Z are placed in contact as shown in figure above. A negatively charged rod is brought near Z. The sphere Y is then earthed while the charged rod is still nearby. What is the net charge on X, Y and Z?

X Y Z
A Zero Zero Positive
B Negative Zero Positive
C Zero Negative Positive
D Zero Positive Negative 10

o 1.2 2.4 V / v

The figure shows the I-V characteristic of resistors R, and R2. The two resistors are connected in series with a power supply. The power dissipation of R, is 4W. What is the power dissipation of R2?

A 2 W B 4 W C 6 W D 10 W

29

In the above circuit, the three light bulbs are identical, each marked '2V, 4W. If the light bulbs are to be worked as rated, the resistance of the resistor R should be

A YZO

B 2/3 0

C 10

D 2 0

30

20Q

x

In the above diagram, X is a variable resistor with a resistance ranging from 0 0 to 20 0 . The total resistance of the circuit is

A greater than 20, and increases as X increases

B greater than 20 , and decreases as X increases

C less than 20 , and increases as X increases

D less than 20 , and decreases as X increases

11

31

Q

I

I

P

Commutntor

The above figure shows a simple electric motor. Which of the following statements about the motor is/are correct?

I The coil rotates in clockwise direction as viewed from P

II There are no forces acting on the coil as the coil is at the vertical position

III The current in the coil reverses once in one complete revolution

A I only
B II only
C I and II only
0 I and III only
32

p
load m£]J The figure above shows a simple bicycle generator, with the coil wounded on a soft iron core. Initially, the magnet is in a position as shown, then it is rotated at a constant speed in anticlockwise direction. Which of the following correctly shows .: the time variation of the current flowing through the load? (Note: Current flowing through P and Q through the resistor is taken as positive)

c.

B.

D.

12

33

A compass is placed near a bar magnet and is equidistant from its poles as shown. The direction of the needle of the compass is

A perpendicular to the magnet and towards the magnet

B perpendicular to the magnet and away from the magnet

C parallel to the magnet and towards the right

D parallel to the magnet and towards the left

For questions 34 and 35

34 The above diagram shows the set up of a simple ticker-tape timer. When a paper tape is pulled at a velocity of 12.5 cm/s, the separation between any two dots is 2.5 mm. What is the frequency of the a.c. source?

A

10 Hz

B

12.5 Hz

C

25 Hz

o

50 Hz

35 It is found that the nail of the ticker tape timer of question 34, punches the paper tape too hard and this drags the paper tape. To reduce the dragging effect, one can increase

I The resistance of the rheostat

II The frequency of the a.c.source

III Number of turns per unit length of the coil

A I only

B II only

C I and III only

o II and III only

13

36

:-------------------- I

I I

I I

I I

I I

I I

: ~ magnetic field

I I

I I

I I

I I

1 ---------- .. I

electron

When an electron enters a magnetic field, it is deflected in the direction as shown above. When a positively charged particle P enters the magnetic field from the left, it will be deflected

A to the top

B to the bottom

C out of the paper

D into the paper

37 A transformer has a turns ratio of 1 :4. If the electrical energy is converted to heat in the windings and the core at the rate of 4W, what is the current in the secondary coil?

I.

A 0.1 A

B OAA

C 0.5A

D 0.8A

38 An electrical power of 500 kW is transmitted at 25 kV through cables of total resistance of 50 . Find the output voltage and power available to the user.

Output voltage/ kV

Power available/ kW

A B C D

1

1 24 24

1 20 20 480

14

39 The Y-input terminals of an oscilloscope are connected to a supply of peak voltage 5.0 V and of frequency 50 Hz. The time-base is set at 10 ms per division and the Y gain is 5 V per division. What trace can be obtained?

11m diil

40 The circuit bellows shows a connection of four diodes with a alternating voltage applied to it. The terminals P and Q are joined by a load resistor.

Which of the following traces would be seen on a cathode ray oscilioscope(CRO) connected across P and Q?

(A)

(8)

(C)

(0)

15

Class

Index Number

Name

BUKIT PANJANG GOVERNMENT HIGH SCHOOL PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION 2009 SECONDARY·FOUR EXPRESS

PHYSICS Paper 2

5058/02

19 AUGUST 2009

10.40 -12.25 pm

1 h 45 minutes

Candidates answer on the Question Paper. Additional Materials: Writing paper(s) (upon request)


Do not turn over until you are told to do so.

Write your name, class and index number on all the work you hand in. You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working. Do not use paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid.

Answer all questions

Write your answers to Section A and Section B in the spaces provided on the Question Paper. and, if necessary, continue on the separate writing paper which will be provided upon request.

At the end of the examination, fasten your work and hand in Section A and ~ection B separately.

The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

Cand idates are reminded that all quantitative answers should include appropriate units. Candidates are advised to show all their working in a clear and orderly manner, as more marks are awarded for sound use of physics than for correct answers.

Take acceleration due to gravity, g = 10 m/s2 or 10 N Ikg unless otherwise stated.

Silent electronic calculators may be used. .-------------i

For Examiner's Use

Section A

Section B

Total

This document consists of 2 booklets (Section A and B) with a total of 20 pages.

© Bukit Panjang Government High School [Turn over

Section A (50 marks)

Answer all the questions in the space provided.

1 (a) In a laboratory experiment, a small trolley of mass 2.0 kg was move along a horizontal bench from rest by applying varying forces (P) in block of 5 seconds interval for a period of 15 s ( Fig. 1.1). The average resistive force acting on the trolley is 8.0 N.

PIN

181-_ ......

trolley

10 8 o f----t---t---+---_.. tis

o

--------!o---

Fig.1.1

(a) Sketch a speed-time graph for the entire interval of 15 s, showing all essential

values. [4]

(b) Determine the total distance traveled during this period. [2]

2

2

State the Principle of Moment.

(a) An uniform 80.0 cm rule is pivoted at its centre at X. Two weights m1 and m2 are positioned at the 10.0 cm and 62.0 cm mark respectively on each side of the pivot and one end of the rule is attached to a spring.

The rule is horizontal and that the spring is initially perpendicular (8 = 900) to the

rule. (Fig. 2.1) T

Oem

Fig. 2.1

(i)

Explain why the mass of the rule does not exert a turning force on the rule.

........ , .

(ii) Given that the mass m 1 = 10 9 and m2 = 50 9, find the tension, T, in the spring in Fig. 2.1.

Tension = [2]

[1 ]

[1]

3

,

(b) Mass m1 is changed to 200 g and mass m2 remains unchanged at 10 g.

The spring is now shifted to the 25.0 cm mark and slanted at an angle of 30° to the rule. Mass m1 is shifted to the 5.0 cm mark and m2 remains at the 62.0 cm mark (Fig. 2.2)

T'

62 80

~ I

Fig. 2.2

For the rule to remain horizontal,

what is the new value of the tension T' in the spring?

[2]

Tension = [2]

4

3 A marble of mass 40 g is rolling along a smooth horizontal runway with a speed of v m/s.

The force of gravity then accelerates the marble down a smooth incline until it reaches a speed of 20.0 mls at the bottom of the incline. The vertical height of the incline is 15.0 m. (Fig.3.1). Take g = 10 N I kg.

In this question, ignore the air resistance acting on the marble.

A

smooth tracks

15.0 m

D

E

-;

rough track

20 m/s

Fig. 3.1

c

(a)(i) State the Principle of Conservation of Energy

[ 1]

(ii) show that the speed of the marble at the top of the track along AB, v I is 10 m/s. [2]

(b) The ball rolls up to another smooth incline of 7.0 m high and continues to roll along a horizontal rough track, DE, with an average force of friction of 0.20 N.

How far will the marble travels along the rough track from D before it comes to a

stop? [2]

5

4

(a)

FigA.1 shows a pressure cooker that consists of a strong aluminium container fitted with a variable loading pin valve and a safety valve.

variable loading pin valve

hick aluminium wall

Fig. 4.1

(i) Explain in terms of molecular theory why the pressure of the air increases as

its temperature is increased. [2]

(ii) Explain why the walls of the container have to be thick and state the use of

the safety valve. [2]

(b) Some air is trapped is trapped inside a syringe with its nozzle blocked by using a screw-clip and a tight-fitting piston.

When the piston is pulled outwards as shown in Fig. 4.2, state the changes in

the following quantities by completing the table. [2]

<== L."... _n .,"'t ~ I screw-clip

piston is pulled o'wardS Uf-----I!iIL------ nozzle

Fig. 4.2

Physical Quantities State whether it increases, remain
unchanged or decreases
Number of gas
molecules
Average speed of
molecules
Pressure of gas
density of gas 6

5 A ray of light from a laser pointer is incident on one edge of the tank and at an angle of 8 to the edge of the tank.

laserp 12

water

Not drawn to scale

Fig. 5.1

Fig. 5.1 shows the light going through the water in the tank at A. The angle of refraction in water is 35°. The refractive index of water is 1.3.

(a)

Calculate the angle e.

[2]

(b) Draw on Fig. 5.1 to complete the path of the light in the fish tank until it emerges out of the water to the air outside.

Show all relevant angles and calculation.

[3]

(c)

Without further calculations, state what happen to the light when the angle 8 is

being reduced to 10° [1]

7

6 The graph in Fig. 6.1 shows how the temperature of 50 g of benzene varied during an experiment when heated with a 25 W heater.

Temperature I DC

80

D

6

time I min

Not drawn to scale

o

24

7

11

Fig. 6.1

(a)

What was happening during the time intervals AB and CD?

From the information on the graph, calculate

(b)

the specific latent heat of fusion of benzene;

(c)

the specific heat capacity of the liquid benzene.

[1]

[2]

[2]

8

Name of pupil: .

Class: .

7 A 15.0 V battery is connected in series with a 12 W lamp and a parallel network.

The parallel network consists of a 15 W lamp in series with a variable resistor (of maximum resistance 10 Q) and a 10.0 n resistor as shown in Fig. 7.1.

24.0 V

12W

3.0 A

15W

Q

Fig. 7.1

(a) The variable resistor is adjusted such that its resistance is half its maximum value.

Both bulbs are at normal brightness and the ammeter reads 3.0 A. Calculate

(i) the effective resistance of the circuit

,(ii) the p.d across the 12 W lamp and

(iii)

the power across the 10 n resistor.

[4]

(b) State and explain what happens to the ammeter reading and the brightness of

the two bulbs when a wire is connected across points P and Q. [2]

9

8

(a)

Fig. 8.1 and Fig.8.2 show two views of a vertical wire carrying a current up through a horizontal card. Points P and Q are marked on the card.

Q I--- vertical wire

. ...--

~

view from above the card

Fig 8.1

Fig 8.2

On Fig 8.2,

(i) draw a complete magnetic field pattern around the wire and indicate the

direction of flow of the magnetic field line at Q [1]

( ii)

A soft iron bar is placed at P as shown. Explain briefly what happen to the iron bar?

[1]

(b) The figure below shows a circuit breaker. A power source is connected across terminals 1 and 2.

reset button

contact

mature

(i)

Explain how the circuit breaker works in the event of a current surge?

[2)

(ii)

State the purpose of the reset button.

[1]

10

9 A teacher carried out an experiment to investigate the acceleration of free fall of a disc magnet in a hollow pipe made of different materials.

In a control experiment, a 20 cents coin and a disc magnet is dropped from rest in air and into a long hollow acrylic pipe (about 3 m long, standing vertically and made from a form of plastic) from the same height above the ground.

20 ¢ coin

~

r=== ~I

disc magnet

~

long, hollow acrylic pipe v+----

r=:».

Both reach the ground at the same time. The time taken for both magnet and coin to reach the bottom was measured using a sensitive electronic timer

(a)

State the value of the acceleration for both objects.

[1 ]

Two hollow pipes of similar length as in part (a) but made of different materials were used to carry out further investigation. The disc magnet is allowed to fall freely from rest in each case from the same height.

It is assumed that the magnet fall through the hollow pipe without contacting the pipes.

disc magnet

copper pipe

Fig. 9.1

steel pipe

11

(b) It was found that the disc magnet reached the bottom fastest in the acrylic pipe and slowest in the copper pipe.

Explain why the magnet takes a longer time to reach the bottom of the copper pipe

compared to the acrylic pipe. [2]

(c) In another experiment, the disc magnet was dropped into another hollow pipe made of aluminium at the same height. The time taken for the disc magnet to reach the bottom is different as compared to the disc magnet falling through the copper pipe.

Is the time of fall shorter or longer as compared to the copper pipe? Explain your reasoning.

[2]

P/J{CD OP secnou jl

12

Name: (

Class: _

Section 8 (30 marks)

Answer Questions 10, 11 and EITHER 12A or 128 in the space provided.

10. Fig 10.1 shows a thermometer called the constant volume gas thermometer. Table 10.2 shows how the temperature varies with the difference in height of the mercury in the left tube as compared to the right tube. This difference is denoted by h.

gas

T

----r:--·

____ .t .

water

mercury

Fig 10.1

(a)

+-- thin capillary tube

Reservoir

T/OC hlmm
0 172
20 129
40 86
60 43
80 0
Table 10.2 Explain how this set-up can be used to measure temperature.

[3]

(b)

Predict the value of h when the water is boiling.

[ 1]

(c) For the value of h you have predicted, calculate the pressure of the gas when the

water is boiling. Take atmospheric pressure to be 760 mmHg. [3]

(d) The capillary tube on the right is 50 em long. Explain whether this thermometer is

suitable to measure the melting point of common salt, which is 801 "C. [2]

(e)

Explain the change in h, if any, if the diameter of the capillary tube is halved.

[1]

11. Fig 11.1 shows the I-V characteristics of a resistor R.

(a)

(b)

IIA

Fig 11.1

VN

.. ··9·' 01:0 .. : .. ···2O,i, .. :. : 3 Pi!.' . ..::4.~!!.. ..5p., .'ep.:

.~~ . :;}:"::'~ 'J i :~ i.,'

Find the resistance when a potential difference of 50 V is applied across R.

[2]

Does the resistor R behave like a filament lamp, an ohmic conductor or a thermistor? Explain.

[2]

(c) Resistor R and a light dependent resistor L are connected in series with a battery C.

A light bulb B is connected in parallel with resistor R. Complete the symbol for a

LOR in the dotted box shown. [1]

2

---------------~

I I

I I

I I

I I

I I

I I

I I

I I

I I

1- I

1

T

yR I-

(d) The emf of the battery is 50 V. Is the resistance of R same as the value you found in

part (a)? Explain. [2]

(e) The entire circuit is placed in a dark room. Will the light bulb light up? Explain. [3]

3

12. Do EITHER 12A OR 12B.

12A (a)

Sound wave is a longitudinal wave. State what is meant by a longitudinal wave. [1]

(b) On the moon there is no atmosphere. Explain why two astronauts must make physical contact with their helmets to be able to talk to each other without using

electronic means in the headset. [2]

(c) The frequency of the middle C note on a piano is 256 Hz. Given that the speed of

sound in air is 330 mIs, find the wavelength of the middle C note. [2]

(d)

The diagram shows a sound wave hitting the ground.

(i) Draw on the diagram how a sound wave enters the ground.

air ~

[1 ]

ground

(ii) Explain why sound travels in the way you have drawn.

(e) Describe an experiment to determine the speed of sound in air. In your account, list

clearly the apparatus needed and the procedure to be taken. [3]

4

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﻿2009 Sec 4 Express Physics

(535 including 2008 in PDF format)

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2009 Sec 4 Express Physics