ISLAMIC FOUNDATION OF TORONTO

EVENING MADRASSAH AND SUNDAY SCHOOL

BASIC TAJWEED RULES

FOR GRADE 1
 Table of Contents

Introduction ......................................................................................................... 3

Etiquettes of Reading Qur'an ............................................................................. 4

Revision of Last Year ……… …………………………....................………….. 6

Lesson 1 Similar Sound Letters ................................................................. 8

Lesson2 Makaarij ……………………………………………………………… 9

Lesson 3 Letters of Madd …. ……………………………………………….… 11

Lesson 4 Fatha Madd/Kasra Madd/Dhummah Madd ……………………… 13

Lesson 5 Letters of Leen …………………………………..…………………. 15

Lesson 6 Tashdeed (Shaddah) .…………………………………………….. 17

Lesson 7 Ghunnah ……………….…………………………………………… 18

Lesson 8 Rules of Raa …………………………………………..…………… 20

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 Introduction

Tajweed means to recite every letter of the Qur'an correctly from its makhraj with all of

its qualities. The importance of tajweed can't be denied as reciting the Qur'an without

tajweed will not only effect the beauty of the Qur'an but sometimes it can change the

meaning of the Qur'an.

For example: The word Qalb means "heart". If instead of Qaaf, Kaaf is read the

meaning changes to "dog". The word "Rahim" used for Allah, means 'very merciful'.

If instead of (‫ )ح‬letter (‫ )ﻫ‬is read the meaning changes to " thirsty camel".

It is therefore compulsory (fardh) on each and every Muslim male or female to learn

tajweed so that he or she can recite correctly.

In this book the basic rules of tajweed are explained in a very simple way so that the

junior students (grades SK-2) can understand and memorize the tajweed rules easily.

After learning and understanding these rules the students will inshaallah be able to

recite the Qur'an correctly with tajweed.

However, to read the Qur'an correctly with tajweed it is not enough to understand only

the rules of tajweed but it is also necessary to practice these rules with an expert

teacher.

All praise is for Allah tabarak ta'ala who is our lord and our creator who enlightened us

with the Noor of Iman and made us Muslim and include us in the ummah of our beloved

prophet Khatimul Ambiah, Muhammadur Rasulullah (SAW).

This book is prepared by the teachers of Islamic Foundation of Toronto. May Allah

reward them in this life and the hereafter.

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 Etiquettes of Reading Qur'an

1. Perform wudhu. It is a sin to touch the Qur'an without wudhu.

2. It is permissible to read the Qur'an from memory without wudhu (without touching it)

3. A person in a state of haidh, nifaas or janabat is not allowed to read any verse of the

Qur'an with or without memory and is not allowed to touch the Qur'an.

4. Sit with great respect when reading the Qur'an.

5. Begin the Qur'an with Ta-awwuz ......ُ‫ اَع ُْو ُذ‬and Tasmiyah .......‫ُلَا‬
ُِّ َ ‫ِبسْ ِم‬

6. One must not talk during reading Qur'an. If an important matter has to be discussed

with anyone then the reading should be stopped and the Qur'an should be closed.

7. If one has spoken while reading Qur'an (due to some important reason) then recite

Ta-awwuz only before restarting.

8. The reader should have this in mind that these are the words of Allah and Allah is

listening to how I am reading his book.

9. Read Tasmiyah before start of a new surah except surah Tawbah.

10. Do not put the Qur'an on the carpet or any place on which people stand or sit.

11. Do not put any book or object on top of the Qur'an.

12. Do not have your back to the Quran or somebody else's back towards the Qur'an.

13. If one feels tired and begins to yawn while reading the Qur'an, then stop the recitation

and continue after you have rested.

14. Do not sit on a place which is higher than the Qur'an.

15. Do not sleep with your feet towards the Qur'an.

16. It is sinful to carelessly discard, torn or worn pages of the Qur'an. Do not throw them

in the garbage can.

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Guideline For the Teacher: Practice and listen to the Pronunciation of 5 letters from
every student in each tajweed class.

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 REVISION OF LAST YEAR

FULL MOUTH LETTERS

1. There are 7 full mouth letters

2. Full mouth letters are always read with full mouth with a heavy sound.

THROAT LETTERS

1. There are 6 throat letters

2. and are pronounced from the bottom of the throat nearest to the chest.

3. and are pronounced from the middle of the throat.

4. and are pronounced from the top of the throat nearest to the mouth.

HARAKAAT
1. Fatha , Dhammah and Kasra are called Harakaat.
2. Harakaat letters are read quickly with no stretch or jerk.

HAMZAH ( )

1. When Alif has got anything, it is called a Hamzah.

Example: Hamzah Fatha ( ) َ‫ُا‬ Hamzah Fatha Madd ( ) Hamzah Sakin ( ) ُ‫ْا‬
ُ‫ْا‬
2. Hamzah sakin ( ) is read with a slight twitch (jerk).

Example: َ ْ‫ َيا‬- ُْ‫ َو ْامُر‬- ُ‫ت‬

ُ‫ب‬ َ ‫َق َر ْا‬

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TANWEEN

1. Fathatain, dhammatain and kasratain are called Tanween.

2. Tanween letters are read from the nose.

SAKIN

1. A letter with Jazam (sukoon) is called sakin.

2. Example: Waaw Sakin ( ُْ‫) و‬ Meem Sakin ( ُ‫) ْم‬ Noon Sakin ( ُْ‫) ن‬
3. Sakin is read once by joining it to the letter before it.

Example: ُْ ُ‫ق‬
ُْ‫ اَن‬- ‫ عِ ُْد‬- ‫ل‬

QALQALA

1. To read a letter with a bouncing sound is called Qalqala.

2. There are 5 letters of Qalqala

3. When any Qalqala letter is sakin, Qalqala should be made.

Example: ُْ‫ ُتب‬- ‫ عِ ُْد‬- ‫َخلَق‬

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 LESSON 1
Similar Sound Letters
Practice the letters in the first row with letters in the 2nd and 3rd row that are different in
pronunciation but have a similar sound.

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 LESSON 2

MAKHAARIJ

1. Makhraj is the place where the sound of a letter starts.

2. There are 17 makhaarij for 29 Arabic letters.
3. Makhraj is singular and Makhaarij is plural.

The makhraj of 9 Arabic letters are explained as under.

1. ‫–ا‬ Alif is pronounced from the emptiness of the mouth.

2. ‫ – ب‬Baa is pronounced from the moist part of the lips.

3. ‫–ت‬ Taa is pronounced when the tip of the tongue touches the roots of the

upper 2 front teeth.

4. ‫–ث‬ Thaa is pronounced when the tip of the tongue touches the edge of the

upper 2 front teeth.

5. ‫–ج‬ Jeem is pronounced when the centre of the tongue touches the palate.

6. ‫–ح‬ Haa is pronounced from the middle of the throat.

7. ‫–خ‬ Khaa is pronounced from the top of the throat which is nearest to the

mouth.

8. ‫–د‬ Daal is pronounced when the tip of the tongue touches the roots of the

upper 2 front teeth.

9. ‫–ذ‬ Zaal is pronounced when the tip of the tongue touches the edge of the

upper 2 front teeth.

Note: The makhraj of ‫ ت‬and‫ د‬is same. The makhraj of ‫ ث‬and ‫ ذ‬is same.

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 QUESTIONS

1. What is Makhraj?

2. What is the plural of Makhraj?

3. How many makhaarij are there all together?

4. How many Arabic letters are there all together?

5. What is the makhraj of ‫?ج‬

6. What is the makhraj of ‫?ب‬

7. What is the makhraj of ‫?خ‬

8. What is the makhraj of ‫?ا‬

9. What is the makhraj of ‫ ث‬and ‫? ذ‬

10. What is the makhraj of ‫ ت‬and ‫? د‬

11. What is the makhraj of ‫?ح‬

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 LESSON 3

LETTERS OF MADD (HUROOFUL MADDAH)

1. There are 3 letters of Madd ‫ا‬, ‫و‬ and ‫ى‬.

2. Alif is a letter of madd when there is a fatha before Alif.

3. Waaw is a letter of madd when there is a dhammah before Waaw sakin.

4. Yaa is a letter of madd when there is a kasra before Yaa sakin.

5. Letters of Madd are read by stretching equal to one Alif (1sec).

One Alif is the time it would take to close or open a finger normally.

Note: The sound of letters of madd should not come from the nose, especially in case of
letters Meem and Noon.

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 QUESTIONS

Q1. What are the letters of Madd?

Q2. When is Alif a letter of Madd?

Q3. When is Waaw a letter of Madd?

Q4. When is Yaa a letter of Madd?

Q5. How are the letters of Madd read?

Q6. What is one Alif?

Q7. Read and note the difference in top and bottom rows.

Q7. Read and note the difference in top and bottom rows.

Q8. Read and note the difference in top and bottom rows.

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 LESSON 4

FATHA MADD, DHAMMAH MADD AND KASRA MADD

1. Fatha Madd ( ) is in place of Alif Maddah. ( = )

2. Dhammah Madd ( ) is in place of Waaw Maddah. ( = )

3. Kasra Madd ( ) is in place of Yaa Maddah. ( = )

4. As Fatha Madd, Dhammah Madd and Kasra Madd are in place of Alif maddah,
Waaw maddah and Yaa maddah they are also stretch equal to one Alif (1sec).

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 QUESTIONS

Q1. Answer the questions.

a. What is in place of Waaw Maddah?
b. What is in place of Alif Maddah?
c. What is in place of Yaa Maddah?

Q2. How are Fatha Madd, Dahmmah Madd and Kasra Madd read?

Q3. Read and compare the top and bottom rows ( Fatha Madd and Alif Maddah).

Q4. Read and compare the top and bottom rows (Dahmmah Madd and Waaw Maddah).

Q5. Read and compare the top and bottom rows (Kasra Madd and Yaa Maddah).

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 LESSON 5

LETTERS OF LEEN

1. There are 2 letters of Leen and .

2. Waaw is Leen when there is a fatha before Waaw sakin.

3. Yaa is Leen when there is a fatha before Yaa sakin.

4. Leen letters are read softly and quickly.

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 QUESTIONS

Q1. What are the letters of Leen?

Q2. When is Waaw a Leen?

Q3. When is Yaa a Leen?

Q4. How are the Leen letters read?

Q5. Read and compare the difference in the top and bottom rows (Waaw Leen and
Waaw Maddah).

Q6. Read and compare the difference in the top and bottom rows (Yaa Leen and Yaa
Maddah).

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 LESSON 6

TASHDEED (SHADDAH)

1. Tashdeed (Shaddah) “ ” looks like a small w.

2. A letter with tashdeed is called “Mushaddad”.

Example: Ba mushaddad ( ) Meem mushaddad ( ) Noon mushaddad ( )

3. Mushaddad letters are read twice (First time by joining it to the letter before it and
second time on itself according to its own harakat).

4. All mushaddad letters, except Noon and Meem mushaddad should be read hard
with force.

5. Tashdeed is more powerful than jazam. Therefore if after jazam the next letter
has tashdeed, the previous letter is joined with tashdeed and not with jazam.

QUESTIONS
Q1. How does tashdeed look like?
Q2. What is mushaddad?
Q3. How is a mushaddad letter read?
Q4. If after jazam the next letter has tashdeed. The previous letter be joine to jazam or
tashdeed?

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 LESSON 7
GHUNNAH

1. To read a letter with a full nasal sound is called “Ghunnah”.

2. There are two letters of ghunnah ‫ ن‬and ‫م‬

3. Noon and Meem mushadad are always read with Ghunnah ( this means when
there is a tashdeed on top of Noon and Meem, they are read with ghunnah).
4. The length (time) for ghunnah is one Alif (1 second).

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 QUESTIONS

Q1. What is ghunnah?

Q2. What are the letters of ghunnah?

Q3. When are Noon and Meem read with ghunnah?

Q4. How long we stretch ghunnah?

Q5. Circle the letters which should be read with ghunnah?

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 LESSON 8

The letter Raa is some time read with a full mouth and some time with an empty mouth.
The rules of Raa are explained as under.

RULES OF RAA

1. A Raa with fatha, dhammah, fathatain or dhammatain will be read with a full
mouth.

2. A Raa with a kasra or kasratain will be read with an empty mouth.

3. A Raa saakin (Raa with jazam) with fatha or dhammah before it, will be read with
a full mouth

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 4. A Raa saakin with kasra before it, will be read with an empty mouth

5. A Raa saakin with Yaa sakin before it will always be read with an empty mouth.

ُ‫َق ِديْر‬
6. A Raa mushaddad with fatha, dhammah, fathatain or dhammatain will be read
with a full mouth.

7. A Raa mushaddad with a kasra or kasratain will be read with an empty mouth.

8. If a “Full Mouth Letter” appears after a Raa saakin, in the same word, the Raa
saakin will be read with a full mouth.

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 QUESTIONS

Q1. How will a Raa be read with a fatha or dahammah on it?

Q2. How will a Raa be read when there is a fathatain or dahammatain on it?

Q3. How will a Raa be read when there is a kasra under it?

Q4. How will a Raa be read when there is a kasratain under it?

Q5. How will a Raa saakin be read when there is a fatha or dahmmah before it?

Q6. How will a Raa saakin be read when there is a kasra before it?

Q7. How will a Raa saakin be read when there is a Yaa saakin before it?

Q8. How will a Raa mushaddad with fatha or dhammah be read?

Q9. How will a Raa mushaddad with kasrah or kasratain be read?

Q10. How will a Raa saakin be read when there is a Full mouth letter after it, in the
same word?

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