Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 95 views

    Question 1 (15 Marks)

    Uploaded by

    Farouk Bassa
    1. The process involves 0.1 kg of fluid undergoing reversible compression and heating before reversible expansion back to the initial state. The net work output of the cycle is -781 Nm. 2. For air compressed from 1 to 5 bar with inlet and outlet temperatures of 15°C and 207°C respectively, the increase in internal energy is X kJ/kg and the outlet to inlet volume ratio is Y. 3. For steam at 7 bar and 0.9 dryness fraction expanding reversibly at constant pressure until 200°C, the work output is 42.56 kJ/kg and heat supplied is 289.28 kJ/kg.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Question 1 (15 Marks)

    Uploaded by

    Farouk Bassa
    95 views5 pages
    1. The process involves 0.1 kg of fluid undergoing reversible compression and heating before reversible expansion back to the initial state. The net work output of the cycle is -781 Nm. 2. For air compressed from 1 to 5 bar with inlet and outlet temperatures of 15°C and 207°C respectively, the increase in internal energy is X kJ/kg and the outlet to inlet volume ratio is Y. 3. For steam at 7 bar and 0.9 dryness fraction expanding reversibly at constant pressure until 200°C, the work output is 42.56 kJ/kg and heat supplied is 289.28 kJ/kg.

    Original Description:

    Test in Applied Thermodynamics with solutions

    Original Title

    Introduction

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    1. The process involves 0.1 kg of fluid undergoing reversible compression and heating before reversible expansion back to the initial state. The net work output of the cycle is -781 Nm. 2. For air compressed from 1 to 5 bar with inlet and outlet temperatures of 15°C and 207°C respectively, the increase in internal energy is X kJ/kg and the outlet to inlet volume ratio is Y. 3. For steam at 7 bar and 0.9 dryness fraction expanding reversibly at constant pressure until 200°C, the work output is 42.56 kJ/kg and heat supplied is 289.28 kJ/kg.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    95 views5 pages

    Question 1 (15 Marks)

    Uploaded by

    Farouk Bassa
    1. The process involves 0.1 kg of fluid undergoing reversible compression and heating before reversible expansion back to the initial state. The net work output of the cycle is -781 Nm. 2. For air compressed from 1 to 5 bar with inlet and outlet temperatures of 15°C and 207°C respectively, the increase in internal energy is X kJ/kg and the outlet to inlet volume ratio is Y. 3. For steam at 7 bar and 0.9 dryness fraction expanding reversibly at constant pressure until 200°C, the work output is 42.56 kJ/kg and heat supplied is 289.28 kJ/kg.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 5

    Question 1 (15 Marks)

    0.1 kg of a fluid at 0.7 bar 1.2 m3/kg is compressed reversibly to a pressure of 3.5 bar and 0.5
    m3/kg, according to the law pv1.85 = constant. The fluid is then heated reversibly at constant
    pressure until the specific volume is 0.5346 m3/kg. A reversible expansion, according to the law
    pv2 = constant, restores the fluid to its initial state. Sketch the p-v diagram for the process and
    determine the net work output of the cycle

    →
    (or

    or
    or

    or

    Net work input = 10802 – 1211-10372 = -781 N•m


    Net work output = 781 N•m

    Question 2 (5 Marks)

    Steam enters a turbine operating at steady state with a mass flow rate of 4 500 kg/h. The turbine develops
    a power output of 100 kW. At the inlet the pressure is 13.8 bar, specific volume 0.143 m3/kg, specific
    internal energy 2590 kJ/kg and velocity 30 m/s. At the exit, the pressure is 0.35 bar, specific volume 4.37
    m3/kg, specific internal energy 2360 kJ/kg and velocity 90 m/s. Calculate the heat rejected to the
    surroundings in kW.

    The heat rejected to the surroundings is 228.5 kW

    Question 3 (16 Marks)

    Complete the following table for H2O:

    P (kPa) T (°C) h (kJ/kg) v (m3/kg) x phase


    200 2045.86
    500 250
    950 753.00
    162 0.443
    400 0.595

    P (kPa) T (°C) h (kJ/kg) v (m3/kg) x phase


    200 120.23 2045.86 0.62031 0.7 2 phase V/L
    500 250 2961.05 0.4945 -- Superheated Steam
    950 177.60 753.00 0.001124 0 Saturated liquid
    650 162 1603.95 0.13028 0.443 2 phase V/L
    400 250 2964.5 0.595 -- Superheated Steam
    P (kPa) T (°C) h (kJ/kg) v (m3/kg) x phase
    200 2045.86

    First try saturated steam tables

    0.2 120.23 0.001061 0.8857 504.47 2025 2529.5 504.68 2202 2706.6 1.53 5.597 7.1271

    From saturated steam tables at 200 kPa hg=2706.6 kJ/kg thus phase is 2 phase vapour liquid
    Temperature is 120.23 oC

    P (kPa) T (°C) h (kJ/kg) v (m3/kg) x phase


    500 250

    First check the saturated steam tables


    0.5 151.86 0.001093 0.3749 639.66 1921.6 2561.2 640.21 2108.5 2748.7 1.8606 4.9606 6.8212
    o
    Saturation temperature is 151.86 C. The given temperature us much higher thus state is superheated
    steam
    Use superheated steam tables
    SUPERHEATED STEAM TEMPERATURE oC
    P kPa 100 150 200 250 300
    400 v (m3/kg) 0.471 0.534 0.595 0.655
    u (kJ/kg) 2564.4 2647.2 2726.4 2805.1
    h (kJ/kg) 2752.8 2860.9 2964.5 3067.1
    s (kJ/kg K) 6.931 7.172 7.380 7.568

    600 v (m3/kg) 0.3521 0.3939 0.4344


    u (kJ/kg) 2639.3 2721.2 2801.4
    h (kJ/kg) 2850.6 2957.6 3062.0
    s (kJ/kg K) 6.968 7.183 7.374

    Interpolate for 500 kPa at 250oC

    P (kPa) T (°C) h (kJ/kg) v (m3/kg) x phase


    950 753.00

    First check the saturated steam tables

    0.95 177.69 0.001124 0.2042 751.94 1830.2 2582.1 753.00 2023.1 2776.1 2.1171 4.4869 6.604

    At 950 kPa hf is 753 thus the state is Saturated liquid


    Temperature is 177.60 oC
    v is 0.001124 and x=0

    P (kPa) T (°C) h (kJ/kg) v (m3/kg) x phase


    162 0.443

    x<1 therefore phase is 2 phase vapour liquid


    Use Saturated steam tables

    0.65 162.01 0.001104 0.2927 683.55 1886.5 2570.1 684.26 2076 2760.3 1.9627 4.7704 6.733

    Pressure is 650 kPa

    P (kPa) T (°C) h (kJ/kg) v (m3/kg) x phase


    400 0.595

    First check the saturated steam tables

    0.4 143.63 0.001084 0.4625 604.29 1949.3 2553.6 604.73 2133.8 2738.5 1.7766 5.1193 6.8958

    Specific volume of saturated liquid is 0.4625. The given Specific volume us much higher thus state is
    superheated steam

    Use superheated steam tables (shown above)


    Temperature is 250 oC h is 2964.5

    Question 4 (4 Marks)

    In an air compressor the pressures at inlet and outlet are 1 bar and 5 bar respectively. The temperature of
    the air at inlet is 15°C and at outlet is 207oC. Calculate the increase of internal energy per kg of air. and
    the ratio: outlet volume/inlet volume
    Question 5 (10 Marks)

    Steam at 7 bar, dryness fraction 0.9, expands reversibly at constant pressure until the temperature
    is 200o C. Sketch a p-v diagram for the process. Calculate the work output and heat supplied per
    unit mass of steam during the process.

    At 7 bar and dryness fraction 0.9 (fluid is wet vapor)


    0.7 164.97 0.001108 0.2729 696.43 1876.1 2572.5 697.20 2066.3 2763.5 1.9922 4.7158 6.708

    or from

    At 7 bar and 200oC the steam is superheated and from tables


    600 v (m3/kg) 0.3521
    u (kJ/kg) 2639.3
    h (kJ/kg) 2850.6
    s (kJ/kg K) 6.968

    800 v (m3/kg) 0.2609


    u (kJ/kg) 2631.0
    h (kJ/kg) 2839.7
    s (kJ/kg K) 6.818

    or from

    work output = +42.56


    heat supplied = 289.28

    You might also like