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Lab 1.georeferencing

The document provides instructions for georeferencing a scanned topographic map sheet using QGIS. The key steps include: 1. Installing the Georeferencer GDAL plugin in QGIS. 2. Opening the scanned map raster and assigning ground control points by correlating coordinates on the map to real-world coordinates. 3. Setting the transformation settings to Thin Plate Spline and output projection to UTM. 4. Running the georeferencing process and verifying the alignment by overlaying the output on OpenStreetMap.

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Jibin Joseph
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935 views8 pages

Lab 1.georeferencing

The document provides instructions for georeferencing a scanned topographic map sheet using QGIS. The key steps include: 1. Installing the Georeferencer GDAL plugin in QGIS. 2. Opening the scanned map raster and assigning ground control points by correlating coordinates on the map to real-world coordinates. 3. Setting the transformation settings to Thin Plate Spline and output projection to UTM. 4. Running the georeferencing process and verifying the alignment by overlaying the output on OpenStreetMap.

Uploaded by

Jibin Joseph
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LAB-1

GEOREFERENCING USING QGIS

AIM: Aim of the experiment is to Georeference scanned toposheet.

SOFTWARE USED:QGIS

INPUT DATA: Scanned Toposheet.

THEORY:

 Most GIS projects require georeferencing some raster data.

 Georeferencing is the process of assigning real-world coordinates to each pixel


of the raster.

 Ground control points are large marked targets on the ground, spaced
strategically throughout your area of interest.

PROCEDURE:

1. Open QGIS Software.

2. Georeferencing in QGIS is done via the ‘Georeferencer GDAL’ plugin.

3. Go to Plugins then click on Manage and Install plugins and enable the
Georeferencer GDAL Plugin.
4. The plugin is installed in the raster menu. Click on Raster and go to Georeferencer.

5. The plugin window is divided into 2 sections. The top section where the
raster will be displayed and the bottom section where a table showing your GCPs
will appear.
6. Now we will open our JPG image. Go to FileOpen Raster. Browse to the
downloaded image of the scanned map and click Open.

7. In the next screen, you will be asked to choose the coordinate reference
system (CRS). This is to specify the projection and datum of your control points.

8. If you have collected the ground control points using a GPS device, you
would have the WGS84 CRS. If you are Geo-referencing a scanned map like this,
you can obtain the CRS information from the map itself.
9. Looking at our map image, the coordinates are in Lat/Long. There is no
datum information given, so we must assume an appropriate one. Since it is India
WGS 84/UTM Zone 44N datum would give us good results.

10. You will see that the image will be loaded in the top section.

11. You can use the zoom/pan controls in the toolbar to learn more about the
map.
12. Now we need to assign coordinates to some points on this map. If you look
closely, you will see coordinate grid with markings. Using this grid, you can
determine the X and Y coordinates of the points where the grids intersect.

13. In the pop-up window, enter the coordinates. Remember that X=longitude
and Y=latitude.
14. In the Enter Map Coordinates window enter the UTM coordinates by converting
lat/long to UTM.(you can use the below link for conversion)
https://www.latlong.net/lat-long-utm.html
15. You will notice the GCP table now has a row with details of your first GCP.

16. Similarly, add at least 4 GCPs covering the entire image. The more points
you have the more accurate your image is registered to the target coordinates.

17. Once you have enough points, go to Settings  Transformation settings.

18. In the Transformation settings, choose the Transformation type as Thin Plate
Spline.

19. Name your output raster in .tif format. Choose EPSG:32644 as the target
SRS so the resulting image is in a widely compatible datum. Make sure the Load in
QGIS when done option is checked. Click OK.
20. Back in the Georeferencer window, go to FileStart Georeferencing.

21. Once the process finishes, you will see the Georeferenced layer loaded in
QGIS.

22. The Georeferencing is now complete.

23. To verify our work, we check by projecting our image on OpenStreetMap.

24. Go to Plugins then click on Manage and Install plugins and install OpenLayers
Plugin
25. Once it is successfully installed, go to web in toolbarOpenLayers
pluginOpenStreetMap.
26. Now the OSM(Open Street Map) will be displayed on your screen.

27. You will find most of the map is matching with the image.

RESULT:

The given toposheet is Georeferenced and Verified with OpenStreetMap.

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