LINED PIPING SYSTEMS

Design Manual for Lined Piping Systems

www.cranechempharma.com
2
Table of Contents

Terminology and Standards ......................................................................................4

Sales and Distribution...............................................................................................5
Liner Materials ..........................................................................................................6
ANSI/ASTM Standards .............................................................................................7
Inspection and Quality Control .................................................................................8
Part Numbering System ...........................................................................................9
Pressure/Vacuum Capabilities................................................................................10
Lining Process for Lined Piping ..............................................................................11
Pipe Dimensions.....................................................................................................12
Pipe Spools and Distance Pieces...........................................................................13
Bent Lined Pipe ......................................................................................................14
Spacers .......................................................................................................... 15 - 16
Elbows ....................................................................................................................17
Tees / Reducing Tees ............................................................................................18
Instrument Tees ......................................................................................................18
Lugged Body Instrument Tees ................................................................................19
Short Stack Tees and Crosses ...............................................................................20
Crosses / Laterals / Strainer Tees ..........................................................................21
Concentric / Eccentric Reducers ............................................................................22
Ductile Iron Reducing Flanges ...............................................................................23
Carbon Steel Reducing Flanges.............................................................................24
Carbon Steel Reducing Flanges, Non-Standard Sizes ..........................................25
Blind Flanges / Spectacle Blind Flanges ................................................................26
Sight Glass Indicators.............................................................................................27
Model 770 Ball Check Valve ...................................................................................28
.................................................................................................29
Reinforced Dip Pipes and Spargers .......................................................................30
Special Reducing Flanges for Dip Pipes ................................................................31
Solid PTFE Dip Pipes and Spargers ......................................................................32
PTFE Mixing Tee Nozzles ......................................................................................33
® ...................................................................................34
Flange Bolt Torquing...............................................................................................35
Pressure Testing .....................................................................................................36
Bolt Torque Requirements .............................................................................. 37 - 38
Bolt and Stud Length Requirements.......................................................................39
Storage and Maintenance ......................................................................................40
Pressure Drop Information .....................................................................................41
Heat Tracing ................................................................................................... 42 - 43
Insulation and Venting ............................................................................................44
Field Fabrication Procedures.......................................................................... 45 - 48
Field Fabrication Tooling................................................................................... 49-50

33
 Terminology and Standards

PTFE Polytetrafluoroethylene, manufactured by DuPont under the trade name Teflon®, is the only PTFE used
by PSI.

PFA Perfluoroalkoxy, manufactured by DuPont under the trade name of Teflon®.

PVDF Polyvinylidene Fluoride, manufactured by Arkema under the name Kynar® and Kynar Flex®.

PP Polypropylene

ETFE Ethylenetetrafluoroethylene, manufactured by DuPont under the trade name Tefzel®, is the only ETFE
used by PSI.

NPS Nominal Pipe Size

DI Cast ductile iron

FS Forged steel

CS Cast steel

Full Vacuum 29.6 inches of mercury

ANSI American National Standards Institute

ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials

F1545 ASTM consolidated plastic lined piping standards

A395 ASTM standard pertaining to ferritic ductile iron

A105 ASTM standard pertaining to forged steel

A216 ASTM standard pertaining to cast steel (grade WCB)

INDUSTRY STANDARD LINER COLORATION

PTFE White

PVDF Black as standard. Available unpigmented.

PP Orange as standard. Available unpigmented.

PFA Natural - off white

ETFE Natural - shiny, milky white

4
 Inspection and Quality Control

• Each lined pipe and fitting shall • The sealing surface of the liner protectors, which identifies the
be subjected to a 18,000-volt shall be free of any defects that plastic liner type, the flange
electrostatic and/or hydro test- would impair the sealing effective- material, and spool length.
ing, per ASTM 1545, as part of ness. Any imperfection will not • A colored plastic band is placed on
the finish inspection. A visible or exceed 10% of the flare thickness. all pipe and fittings to identify the
audible spark at the probe from • Wooden end protectors are used PSI material and the liner type on
an electrical contact to the housing to protect the plastic faces of the exterior of the pipe.
or evidence of leakage at a vent flanged pipe and fittings. End • Plastic caps will
hole indicates the presence of protectors should stay in place be used to protect
a defect in the liner and shall until just prior to installation. the ends on field
be cause for rejection.
• Flanged pipe and fittings are flare product.
Note: The electrostatic test is standard.
The hydrostatic test is available at
labeled with a PSI sticker
an additional cost located on the wooden end

RELATIONSHIPS, BY LINING MATERIAL, BETWEEN VACUUM RATING AND TEMPERATURE FOR STANDARD LINED PIPE
Diameter –
Inches (Nominal) 1 11/ 2 2 3 4 6 8 10 12
PTFE
FULL VACUUM RATED
Liner Thickness (in.) .130 .150 .160 .160 .160 .275 .310 .320 .425
Vacuum (in. Hg) Full Full Full Full Full Full Full Full Full
Temperature (˚F) 450 450 450 450 450 450 450 450 450

NON VACUUM RATED
Liner Thickness (in.) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .200 .200
Vacuum (in. Hg) Non Non
Vacuum Vacuum

PP
Liner Thickness (in.) .135 .160 .175 .175 .210 .220 .220 .320 .380
Vacuum (in. Hg) Full Full Full Full Full Full Full Full Full
Temperature (˚F) 225 225 225 225 225 225 225 225 225
PFA
Liner Thickness (in.) .113 .114 .114 .130 .150 .145 .140
Vacuum (in. Hg) Full Full Full Full Full Non Non - - --
Vacuum Vacuum
Temperature (˚F) 450 450 450 450 450
PVDF
Liner Thickness (in.) .125 .125 .125 .125 .145 .160 .185
Vacuum (in. Hg) Full Full Full Full Full Full Full - - - -
Temperature (˚F) 275 275 275 275 275 275 275

Note 1: All vacuum data reflects testing done per ASTM F1545.
Note 2: 1" - 8" fittings meet or exceed pipe liner thickness and vacuum ratings for same size and liner material. Vacuum
ratings for some 10" and larger fittings may have vacuum limitations. Consult factory.
Note 3: Vacuum ratings may not apply for special angle elbows, sight flow indicators and laterals, crosses and eccentric
reducers that are 6" and above. Consult factory.
Note 4: Certain chemicals may affect vacuum ratings. Consult factory.