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Machine Visi N: Lecture # 11: Fundamentals of DIP

The document discusses point operations in digital image processing which include addition and subtraction of pixel values on a point-by-point basis. Addition can help reduce noise by averaging multiple images while subtraction is useful for eliminating noise patterns and motion detection by highlighting moving objects after background is subtracted. References for further reading on point operations and their applications in machine vision and digital image processing are also provided.

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Sohaib Sajid
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34 views

Machine Visi N: Lecture # 11: Fundamentals of DIP

The document discusses point operations in digital image processing which include addition and subtraction of pixel values on a point-by-point basis. Addition can help reduce noise by averaging multiple images while subtraction is useful for eliminating noise patterns and motion detection by highlighting moving objects after background is subtracted. References for further reading on point operations and their applications in machine vision and digital image processing are also provided.

Uploaded by

Sohaib Sajid
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Machine Visi n

Lecture # 11: Fundamentals of DIP


(Point Operations)
Bonus Marks: 10, 8, 31

Muhammad Rzi Abbas Department of Mechatronics and Control Engineering


[email protected]
Lecturer, Mechatronics Dept.
University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore
Point Operations
Point Operations
• Addition
• Using the fact that for stationary images noise is not stationary, if
we average out multiple images then we can considerably reduce
the noise
• There are two basic assumptions for this to work
• The noise in successive images is uncorrelated
• The noise has a zero mean value
• Bear this in mind that addition of images is treated exactly as
addition of two matrices
Point Operations
• Addition
Point Operations
• Subtraction
• Pixel values of two images are subtracted on point-by-point basis
• This operation is useful in eliminating a known pattern of
superimposed noise and also is widely used in motion detection
applications
• For motion detection, after subtraction, stationary objects cancel
each other while moving objects are highlighted
• The process of subtracting uninterested background from the
foreground is called Background Subtraction
Point Operations
• Subtraction
Image after
moving one
Original Image
coin

Image after subtracting


second image from
the original image
References
• Machine Vision by David Vernon, Published in 1991
• Chapter 4 (Sections up to 4.1)
• Digital Image Processing by Rafael C. Gonzalez and Richard E. Woods,
3rd Edition.
• Chapter 3 (Section 3.2.3 and 3.2.4)
• Image Processing, Analysis and Machine Vision by Milan Sonka,
Vaclav Hlavac and Roger Boyle, 3rd Edition, 2008.
• Chapter 5 (Section 5.1)

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