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Chapter 1 I Polygon Enhance

The document discusses linear inequalities, including: 1) Identifying relationships such as greater than and less than using integers and fractions. 2) Representing linear inequalities on number lines. 3) Solving linear inequalities using addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. 4) Solving systems of simultaneous linear inequalities.

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Nicolas Martinez
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
92 views19 pages

Chapter 1 I Polygon Enhance

The document discusses linear inequalities, including: 1) Identifying relationships such as greater than and less than using integers and fractions. 2) Representing linear inequalities on number lines. 3) Solving linear inequalities using addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. 4) Solving systems of simultaneous linear inequalities.

Uploaded by

Nicolas Martinez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHAPTER 7 : LINEAR INEQUALITIES

Identifying relationship ‘greater than ( > )’ and ‘less than ( < )’

i) Integer Number

SMALL BIG

-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

DESCRIPTION INEQUALITIES EXAMPLES QUESTIONS


(Write ‘<’ or ‘>’)
y is greater than x big small big small -2 5
y > x 6 > -1 6 0
big small -5 -1
-1 > -6 -2 2
y is less than x small big small big 4 5
y < x -1 < 6 -3 -2
Small big -10 1
-6 < -1 7 -20

ii) Fraction Number

TYPE OF INEQUALITIES QUESTION 1 QUESTION 2


FRACTION (Write ‘<’ or ‘>’) (Write ‘<’ or ‘>’)
SAME
DENOMINATOR 7
> 5
> 3 3 2 1 8 5 2
9 9 9 5 5 5 9 9 9
2
11
3
- 11 5
- 11 - 53 0 1
5
1 2 3
5 < 5 < 5

DIFFERENT 1 1 1
2 3 4
DENOMINATOR 1 1 1 1 1
4 6 8 6 5
1
3
6 4 3
12 12 12
( same denominator)

6 4 3
12 > 12 > 12

1 1 1
2 > 3 > 4

Linear Inequalities 1
5 4 1
6 5 2
1 2 3 2 3
2 5 10 12 8
25 24 4
30 30 6
15
30
( same denominator)

25
30 > 24
30 > 15
30

5 4 4
6 > 5 > 5

Representing a linear inequality on number line

INEQUALITY DESCRIPTION NUMBER LINE LIST OF INTEGER


x>0 x is greater than 0 o
1 , 2 , 3, 4, ………
0 1 2 3 4

x>5

x  0 x is greater or equal to 0 
0 , 1 , 2, 3 , 4 , ….
0 1 2 3 4

x  -3

x<8

x  5

Representing the simultaneous linear inequalities on number line

Number Line Inequality List Of Integers

x �2, x �-2
-2 �x, x �2 -2, -1, 0, 1, 2

-2 �x �2

Linear Inequalities 2
Number Line Inequality List Of Integers

x < 2, x>-2
-2<x, x >2 -1, 0, 1
-2<x<2

x < 2, x  -2
- 2  x, x  2 -2, -1, 0, 1
-2 x  2

x  2, x  -2 -1, 0, 1, 2
- 2  x, x  2
-2 x  2

Linear Inequalities 3
Number Line Inequality List Of Integers

Solving linear inequalities by adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing

INEQUALITIES METHOD NUMBER LINE LIST OF INTEGER


x-2>5
x-2+2>5+2 Add 2 from the both 7 , 8 , 9 , ……..
x>7 sides 7 8 9 10 11
x – 4  -1

x -10 < 16

x+2>5
x+2–2>5-2 Subtract 2 to the both 3 , 4 , 5 , …….
x>3 sides 3 4 5 6 7
x + 4  -1

x + 10  16
2x > 6
2x 6 Divide the both sides
> by 2 3 4 5 6 7
2 2
x>3
-3x < 15

5x  40
x
<2 Multiply both side
2
x with 2
(2)< 2(2)
2
x<4
x
9
3

Linear Inequalities 4
Solving using a combination of operation

INEQUALITIES METHOD NUMBER LINE LIST OF INTEGER


4x + 12 > 8 
4x + 12 – 12 > 8 – 12 Subtract 12 both sides
4x > -4 -1 0 1 2 3 -1, 0, 1…
4x - 4 Divide both side by 4
>
4 4
x > -1
3x + 8  11

5x - 3 < 17

x
-1<3
2
x
- 1+ 1 < 3 + 1 Add 1 both sides
2
x
<4
2
x
(2) < 4(2)
2 Multiply both side with 2
x<8

x
+ 5 < -3
2

x
-8  -7
5

Linear Inequalities 5
Solve each of the following pairs of simultaneous inequalities

INEQUALITIES METHOD NUMBER LINE LIST OF INTEGER


2x + 3< 9
2x + 3 -3 < 9 – 3  -2 , -1 , 0 , 1 , 2
2x < 6 
2x 6
<
2 2 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
x<3

x
- 4  -5
2
x
- 4 + 4  -5 + 4
2
x
 -1
2
x
(2)  -1(2)
2
x  -2
x
+5  7
2

3x – 5 > -8

3x
+ 2  11
4

2x – 3 > 7

3x + 5 > 20

2x – 11 7

Linear Inequalities 6
INEQUALITIES METHOD NUMBER LINE LIST OF INTEGER
2x – 1 < 19 < 3x – 5

3x -2 �10 �5x

Questions based on examination format

1. List all the integers x that satisfy both the inequalities x  5 and 9 – 3x < 3.
A. 3 , 4 C. 3 , 4 , 5
B. 4 , 5 D. 2 , 3 , 4 , 5
m
2. The solution for - 2  m + 4 is
3
A. m  -9 C. m  -9
B. m  -9 D. m  9

3. Given that x – 3 < 6  2x – 8 , find the smallest integer that satisfy the inequalities.
A. 6 C. 8
B. 7 D. 9

4. Given that the solution for 3 – w < 8 and 3w – 2 < 1 is e < w < f . Find the value of e and f.
A e=5,f=1 C. e = -5 , f = 1
B. e = 5 , f = 3 D. e = -5 , f = 3

5. All integers that satisfy the inequalities 10 – 5x < 0 and x – 4  -5 is


A -2 , -1 , 0 , 1 , 2 C -1 , 0 , 1 , 2
B -2 , -1 , 0 , 1 D -1 , 0 , 1

6. The diagram below represents two simultaneous inequalities on a number line.



-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3

7. Find inequality which represents the common value of both the inequalities is
A. - 2  x  0 C. - 2  x  0
B. - 2  x  0 D. - 2  x  0

8. If 3x - 5  10  2 x - 4 , then
A. - 5  x  7 C. 5  x  7
B. - 5  x  7 D. 5  x  7
Linear Inequalities 7
2x
9. List all the integer values of x which satisfy both the inequalities 2 x - 1  15 and  8.
3
A. 8, 9, 10 C. 8, 9, 10, 11
B. 9, 10, 11 D. 8, 9, 10, 11, 12

10. List all the integer value of x which satisfy both the inequalities x < 7 and 16 - 2 x  8 .
A. 4, 5 C. 5, 6, 7
B. 4, 5, 6 D. 4, 5, 6, 7
p
11. Find the solution for  3  p  7 .
2
A. p  -8 C. p  8
B. p  -8 D. p  8

12.
y

y=x+2

O 3
x + 2y = 3
In the diagram, one of the three inequalities which define the shaded region is
A. x < 3 C. x > 3
B. y < 3 D. y > 3

13. The solution for 2p ─ 1< 9 < 5p + 14 is


A. -1 < p < 3 C. 0 < p < 8
B. -1 < p < 5 D. -2 < p < 8

14. The diagram below represents two simultaneous inequalities on a number line.

-8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2

The solution for these two linear inequalities which represents the common value of both the
inequalities is
A. x < 3 C. -4 > x ≥ -7
B. x ≥ -7 D. -7 ≤ x < -3

15. List all the integers t that satisfy the inequalities 2t + 3  2 and 4t > 5t – 4.
A. -1, 0, 1, 2 C. 0, 1, 2, 3, 4
B. 0, 1, 2, 3 D. -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4

16. List all the integers m that satisfy the inequalities 4 + 3m ≤ 10 and 5m + 6 > 0.
A. -1, 0, 1 C. -2, -1, 0, 1
B. -1, 0, 1, 2 D. -2, -1, 0, 1, 2

17. List all the integers n that satisfy the following.


3n < 40 and 2(7 – n) ≤ -5
Linear Inequalities 8
A. 9, 10, 11 C. 9, 10, 11, 12
B. 10, 11, 12 D. 10, 11, 12, 13

18. Given that m < k ≤ n satisfy both two linear inequalities 2k – 5 ≤ 11 and
k
k > 3 + , find the values of m and n.
3
A. m = 4 and n = 7 C. m = 5 and n = 7
B. m = 4 and n = 8 D. m = 5 and n = 8

19. The figure below shows a shaded region that satisfies linear inequalities. The two inequalities
other than x  0 and y  0, which define the shaded regions are.

y
y = 2x + 3

x
O 5
O
A. x < 5 and y < 2x + 3. C. x ≤ 5 and y < 2x + 3
B. x < 5 and y ≤ 2x + 3 D. x ≤ 5 and y ≤ 2x + 3

m
20. The solution for  1  2m  4 is
2
A. m  -2 C. m ≤-2
B. m  2 D. m ≤ 2

Linear Inequalities 9
PAST YEAR SPM QUESTIONS

November 2003
3x
1. List all the integers x which satisfy both the inequalities 2x + 1  19 and <9
4
A. 9, 10 C. 9 , 10 , 11
B. 10 , 11 D. 10 , 11 , 12

2. Diagram 1 represents two simultaneous linear inequalities on a number line.




-4 -3 -2-1 0 1 2 3
Diagram 1
The inequality which represents the common value of both the inequalities is
A. - 1  x  2 C. -1 < x ≤ 2
B. - 1  x < 2 D. -1 < x < 2

July 2004

3. The solution of the simultaneous inequalities 3-t<5 and 3t -15 ≤ 0 is


A. 0  t  2 C. 5  t  8
B. 2  t  5 D. - 2  t  5

November 2004

4. Given that x is an integer , find all the values of x that satisfy both the inequalities x < 4 and
11 – 3x  5.
A 2,3 C. 2 , 3 , 4
B 3,4 D. 3 , 4 , 5

m
5. The solution for + 1  2m + 4 is
2
A m  -2 C. m  -2
B m  2 D. m  2

July 2005
1
6. Find the solution of the simultaneous inequalities x  2 and 1 - 6 x  -11 .
3
A. x  2 C. 2  x  6
B. x  6 D. 2  x  6

November 2005

7. List all the integers x that satisfy the inequalities 3x – 8 < x  5 + 4x


A 0,1,2,3 C. -1 , 0 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4
B -1 , 0 , 1 , 2 , 3 D. -2 , -1 , 0 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4

July 2006

8. List all the integers x that satisfy the inequalities - 2  x  2 .


A. -2, -1, 0, 1, 2 C. -1, 0, 1,2
B. -2, -1, 0, 1 D. -1, 1,2

Linear Inequalities 10
November 2006
x 1
9. List all the integers x which satisfy both inequalities -1 x and  x  4 > x
3 2
A. -1, 0, 1, 2, 3 C. -1, 0, 1
B. 0, 1, 2, 3 D. 0, 1

10. SPM June 2007 Q 26

List all the integers of x that satisfy both the simultaneous linear inequalities
x
 1 and 5 - x �-1
2

A 3, 4, 5
B 2, 3, 4, 5
C 3, 4, 5, 6
D 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

11. SPM Nov 2007, Q25

2x
The solution for 4 x  5  1 - is
3
A 7
x-
3
B 6
x-
7
C 1
x-
3
D 2
x-
7

12. SPM Jun 2008, Q23

List all the integers of x which satisfy the inequality 2  x  1  6 .

A 3, 4
B 2, 3, 4
C 2, 3, 4, 5
D 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

13. SPM Jun 2008, Q24

Which of the following inequalities satisfy the simultaneous linear inequalities


1
4 p - 3 �p and p  2 � p ?
2

A -4 �p �1
B -1 �p �4
C p �-1 and p �1
D p �-1 and p �4

Linear Inequalities 11
14. SPM Nov 2008 Q25

Which number line represents the solution of the simultaneous linear inequalities
2 x - 3 �5 and 4 - x  -6 ?

Linear Inequalities 12
ANSWERS

1.1. Identifying relationship ‘Greater than (>)’ And ‘less than ( <)’
QUESTIONS
(Write ‘<’ or ‘>’)
-2 < 5
6 > 0
-5 < -1
-2 < 2
4 > -5
-3 < -2
-10 < 1
7 > -20
1.2. Fraction Number
QUESTION 1 QUESTION 2
(Write ‘<’ or ‘>’) (Write ‘<’ or ‘>’)
3 2 1 8 5 2
5 > 5 > 5 9 < 9 < 9
3 5
2
11 > - 11 > - 11 - 53 < 0 < 1
5
1 1 1 1 1 1
4 > 6 > 8 6 < 5 < 3
1 2 3 2 3 4
2 > 5 > 10 12 < 8 < 6

2. 1 presenting a linear inequality on a number line and list the integer

INEQUALITY DESCRIPTION NUMBER LINE LIST OF INTEGERS


x>5 o
x is greater than 5 6 , 7 , 8 , …….
5 6 7 8 9
x  0 X is greater or equal to 
0 0 , 1 , 2, 3 , 4 , ….
0 1 2 3 4
x  -3 X is greater or equal to 
-3 -3 , -2 , -1 , …….
-3 -2 -1 0 1
x<8 o
X is less than 8 7 , 6 , 5 , ………
4 5 6 7 8
x 5 x is less or equal to 5 
5 , 4, 3 , ……
1 2 3 4 5

Linear Inequalities 13
2. 2 Representing the Simultaneous Linear Inequalities on A Number Line and Listing the Integers.

Number line Method Inequality Integers


1.write the inequalities x  0 , x  -4
2.write x in middle -4  x , x  0
3.complete the Inequalities -4  x  0 -4 , -3 , -2 , -1 , 0

1.write the inequalities x  9, x  5


2.write x in middle 5  x,x  9 5,6,7,8,9
3.complete the Inequalities 5  x  9

1.write the inequalities x < 2, x > -2


2.write x in middle -2 < x , x < 2 -1 , 0 , 1
3.complete the Inequalities -2 < x < 2

1.write the inequalities x < 0, x > -4


2.write x in middle -4 < x , x < 0
3.complete the Inequalities -4 < x < 0 -3 , -2 , -1

1.write the inequalities x < 9, x > 5


2.write x in middle 5<x,x<9 6,7,8
3.complete the 5<x<9
Inequalities

1.write the inequalities x < 2, x  -2


2.write x in middle -2  x , x < 2 -2 , -1 , 0 , 1
3.complete the -2  x < 2
Inequalities
1.write the inequalities x < 0, x  -4
2.write x in middle -4  x , x < 0 -4 , -3 , -2 , -1
3.complete the -4  x < 0
inequalities
1.write the inequalities x < 9, x  5
2.write x in middle 5  x,x<9 5,6,7,8
3.complete the 5  x<9
Inequalities

1.write the inequalities x  2, x > -2


2.write x in middle -2 < x , x  2 -1 , 0 , 1 , 2
3.complete the inequalities -2 < x  2

1.write the inequalities x  9, x > 5


2.write x in middle 5<x,x  9 6,7,8,9
3.complete the 5<x  9
Inequalities

Linear Inequalities 14
3.1 Solving Linear Inequalities by Adding, Subtracting, Multiplying and Dividing

Inequalities Method Number Line Integers

x-2>5
x-2+2>5+2 Add 2 to both sides 8, 9, 10….
x>7
x – 4  -1
x – 4 + 4  -1 + 4 Add 4 to both sides 3, 2, 1, 0…
x 3
x -10 < 16
x – 10 + 10 < 16 + 10 Add 10 to both sides 25, 24, 23 ……
x < 26

x+2>5 Subtract 2 from both


x+2–2>5-2 sides 4, 5, 6…
x>3

x + 4  -1 Subtract 4 from both


x + 4 – 4  -1 – 4 sides -5, -4, -3…
x  -5

x + 10  16 Subtract 10 from both


x + 10 – 10  16 -10 sides 6, 5, 4 ……
x  6

2x > 6
2x 6 Divide both sides by 2 4, 5, 6 …
>
2 2
x>3

-3x < 15
- 3x 15 Divide both sides by -3 -6, -7, -8 …..
<
-3 -3
x < -5
x
<2 Multiply both sides with 4, 5, 6…
2
x 2
(2)< 2(2)
2
x<4
x
 9 Multiply both sides with
3
x 2 27, 28, 29……..
(3)  9(3)
3
x  27

Linear Inequalities 15
3.2 Solving Using a Combination of Operation

INEQUALITIES METHOD NUMBER LINE LIST OF INTEGER


3x + 8  11 
3x + 8 -8  11 – 8 Subtract 8 from both -1 , 0 , 1………….
3x  -3 sides -1 0 1 2 3
3x -3
 Divide both sides by 4
3 3
x  -1
5x - 3 < 17 o
5x - 3 + 3 < 17 + 3 Add 3 to both sides
5x < 20 1 2 3 4 5 4 , 3 , 2…….
5x 20 Divide both sides by 5
<
5 5
x<5
x
-1<3
2
x Add 1 to both sides
- 1+ 1 < 3 + 1 o 7 , 6 , 5 ,……
2
x
<4 4 5 6 7 8
2
x
(2) < 4(2)
2 Multiply both sides by 2
x<8
x
+ 5 >-3
2
x o
+ 5 - 5 > -3 – 5 Subtract 5 from both -15 , -14 , -13,…..
2
sides -16 -15 -14 -13 -12
x
> -8
2
x
(2 )> -8(2)
2 Multiply both sides by 2
x > -16

x
-8  -7
5
x
-8+8  -7+8

Add 8 to both sides 5 , 6 , 7, …….
5
x 5 6 7 8 9
 1
5 Multiply both sides by 5
x
(5)  1(5)
5
x  5

Linear Inequalities 16
3.3 Solve Each of the Following Pairs of Simultaneous Inequalities

Inequalities Method Number line List of integer


i) 2x + 3< 9
2x + 3 -3 < 9 – 3 Subtract 3 from both
2x < 6 sides -2, -1, 0, 1, 2
2x 6
< Divide both side by 2
2 2
x<3

x
ii) - 4  -5
2
x
- 4 + 4  -5 + 4 Add 4 to both sides
2
x
 -1
2 Multiply both sides
x with 2
(2)  -1(2)
2
x  -2
x
i) +5  7
2
x
+ 5 -5  7 – 5 Subtract 5 both sides 2, 3, 4
2
x
2
2
x
(2)  2(2)
2 multiply both sides by
x  4 2

ii)3x – 5 < -8
3x – 5 + 5 < -8 + 5
3x < -3 Add 5 to both sides
3x 3 Divide both sides by 3
<
3 3
x>1

3x
i) + 2  11
4
3x
+ 2 – 2  11 – Subtract 2 both sides
4
2
3x
 9
4 Multiply both sides by 12, 13, 14 …
3x 2
(4)  9(4)
4 Divide the both sides
3x 36 by 3

3 3
x  12

ii)x >5

Linear Inequalities 17
Inequalities Method Number line List of integer
i)3x + 5 > 20
3x + 5 – 5 > 20 – 5 Subtract 5 both sides 6,7,8,9
3x > 15
3x 15
> Divide both sides by 3
3 3
x>5

ii)2x – 11  7
2x -11 + 11  7 + 11 Add 11 to both sides
2x  18 Divide both sides by 2
2x 18

2 2
x  9

2x – 1 < 19 < 3x – 5
2x – 1 < 19
2x -1 + 1 < 19 + 1 Add 1 to both sides
2x < 20 Divide both sides by 2
2x 20
< 9
2 2
x < 10

ii) 19 < 3x – 5
19 + 5 < 3x -5 + 5 Add 5 to both sides
24 < 3x
24 3x
<
3 3
Divide both sides by 3
8<x
x>8

3x -2  10  5x

3x – 2  10
3x – 2 + 2  10 + 2 Add 2 to both sides
3x  12
3x 12 2, 3, 4
 Divide both sides by 3
3 3
x  4

ii) 10  5x
Divide both sides by 5
10 5x

5 5
2  x
x  2

Linear Inequalities 18
EXAMINATION FORMAT QUESTIONS

1. C 11. C
12. A
2. A 13. B
14. D
3. B 15 A
16. B
4. C 17. B
5. D 18. D
19. B
6. B 20. D
7. C
8. C

9. D

10. B

PAST YEAR SPM QUESTIONS

No Question Key
1 Nov 2003 C
2 Nov 2003 B
3 July 2004 D
4 Nov 2004 A
5 Nov 2004 A
6 July 2005 D
7 Nov 2005 B
8 July 2006 C
9 Nov 2006 A
10 Jun 2007 C
11 Nov 2007 B
12 Jun 2008 B
13 Jun 2008 A
14 Nov 2008 A
15

Linear Inequalities 19

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