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®

CONQUAS
THE BCA CONSTRUCTION QUALITY ASSESSMENT SYSTEM
CONQUAS®

CONQUAS®

THE BCA
CONSTRUCTION QUALITY ASSESSMENT SYSTEM

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 i


CONQUAS®

First Edition 1989


Second Edition 1990
Third Edition 1992
Fourth Edition 1995
Fifth Edition 1998
Fifth Edition 2000 version
Fifth Edition 2003 version
Sixth Edition 2005
Seventh Edition 2008
Eighth Edition 2012
Eighth Edition 2014 version

Copyright @ 2014 by the Building and Construction Authority, Singapore. All rights
reserved. No part may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in
writing from the publisher.

While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the information presented in
this publication, neither the Authority nor its employees or agents can accept responsibility
for any loss or damage incurred in connection with the use of the contents.

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 ii


CONQUAS®

CONTENTS

1.0 INTRODUCTION................................................................................ 1

1.1 Objectives of CONQUAS


1.2 Scope of CONQUAS
1.3 Derivation of CONQUAS

2.0 CONQUAS......................................................................................... 3

2.1 Components to be assessed


2.2 The Weightages
2.3 CONQUAS Assessor
2.4 Sampling

3.0 THE ASSESSMENT........................................................................... 6

3.1 Assessment Approach


3.2 Structural Works Assessment
3.3 Architectural Works Assessment
3.4 M&E Works Assessment
3.5 Bonus Points
3.6 Computation of CONQUAS Score
3.7 Publication of CONQUAS Scores

APPENDICES

Appendix 1 Quality Standards for Structural Works................................... 23


Appendix 2 Quality Standards for Architectural Works............................... 32
Appendix 3 Quality Standards for M&E Works........................................... 50
Appendix 4 Defects Grouping Guide for Assessment of Internal Finishes 63
Appendix 5 Building Grouping Guide……………………………………….. 64

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 iii


CONQUAS®

1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Objectives of CONQUAS

The Construction Quality Assessment System or CONQUAS was


developed by the Building and Construction Authority (BCA) in
conjunction with major public sector agencies and various leading
industry professional bodies, organizations and firms to measure the
quality level achieved in a completed project.

CONQUAS was designed with three objectives:

(a) To have a standard quality assessment system for construction


projects.

(b) To make quality assessment objective by:

- measuring constructed works against workmanship


standards and specification.

- using a sampling approach to suitably represent the


whole project.

(c) To enable quality assessment to be carried out systematically


within reasonable cost and time.

CONQUAS is an independent assessment. Unless specified in the


building contract, project engineers or architects should not use
CONQUAS to decide if the building or parts of the building project are
acceptable.

1.2 Scope of CONQUAS


CONQUAS sets out the standards for the various aspects of
construction work and awards points for works that meet the standards.
These points are then summed up to give a total quality score called the
CONQUAS Score for the building project.

CONQUAS covers most aspects of general building works. The


assessment consists of three components:

(1) Structural Works,


(2) Architectural Works and
(3) Mechanical & Electrical (M&E) Works.

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 1


CONQUAS®

Each component is further divided into different items for assessment.


However, the assessment excludes works such as piling, heavy
foundation and sub-structure works which are heavily equipment-based,
buried or covered and usually called under separate contracts or sub-
contracts.

The building is assessed primarily on workmanship standards


achieved through site inspection. The assessment is done throughout
the construction process for Structural and M&E Works and on the
completed building for Architectural Works.

Apart from site inspection, the assessment also includes tests on the
materials and the functional performance of selected services and
installations. These tests help to safeguard the interest of building
occupants in relation to safety, comfort and aesthetic defects which
surface only after sometime.

1.3 Derivation of CONQUAS


The minimum standards were derived from discussions with the
major public sector agencies, developers, consultants and
contractors based on the general specifications used in their projects.

To match the expectations from the end users, feedback through


complaints and defects listings were also considered in refining the
weightages and assessment standards.

In developing CONQUAS, studies and numerous trials were conducted


to fine-tune its new test techniques and assessment standards.
Moderation of the scoring system was carried out along with trials to
ensure accuracy, consistency and alignment with end users
expectations.

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 2


CONQUAS®

2.0 CONQUAS

2.1 Components to be assessed


The CONQUAS assessment is divided into three main components -
Structural Works, Architectural Works and M&E Works.

(a) Structural Works

The structural integrity of the building is of paramount importance


as the costs of failure and repairs are very significant. The
assessment of Structural Works comprises:

(i) Site inspection of formwork, steel reinforcement and


finished concrete during construction. The assessment
shall include structural steel and pre-stressed concrete if
each constitutes more than 20% of the total structural cost.
Precast elements will also be assessed if the precast
concrete volume exceeds 20% of total structural concrete
volume.

(ii) Laboratory testing of compressive strength of concrete and


tensile strength of steel reinforcement.

(iii) Non-destructive testing of the uniformity and the cover of


hardened concrete.

The quality standards for Structural Works are given in Appendix


1.

(b) Architectural Works

Architectural Works deal mainly with the finishes and


components. This is the part where the quality and standard of
workmanship are most visible. The assessment covers:

(i) Site inspection of internal finishes, roofs, external walls and


external works at the completion stage of the building.
Internal finishes include floors, internal walls, ceiling, doors,
windows and components e.g. wardrobe, kitchen cabinet,
vanity top, mirror, bathtub, water closet, shower screen,
basin, signage, emergency lightings, railings, unit number
plates, lift fittings, letter box, lightings, metal gate, etc.

(ii) Material & functional tests such as window water-tightness,


wet area water-tightness and adhesion of internal wall tiles.

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 3


CONQUAS®

There is also in-process assessment on installation of


waterproofing for internal wet areas.

The quality standards for Architectural Works are given in


Appendix 2.

(c) Mechanical & Electrical (M&E) Works

The quality of M&E Works is important in view of its increasingly


high cost proportion and its impact on the performance of a
building. The assessment covers Electrical Works, Air-
conditioning & Mechanical Ventilation Works (ACMV), Fire
Protection Works, Sanitary & Plumbing Works and basic M&E
fittings. The stages of the assessment include:

(i) Site inspection of installed works before they are


embedded/concealed. Such items include ACMV
ductworks, electrical conduits, concealed pipes, etc.

(ii) Site inspection of final installed works such as the Air-


Handling Unit (AHU), cooling tower, fire alarm control
panel, etc.

(iii) Performance tests on selected works such as Water


Pressure Test, Earthing Test, Dry Riser Test, etc.

The quality standards for M&E Works are given in Appendix 3.

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 4


CONQUAS®

2.2 The Weightages

In CONQUAS, the weightages for Structural, Architectural and M&E


works are allocated according to four categories of buildings as follows:

CAT A CAT B CAT C


Commercial, Commercial, CAT D
Components Industrial, Public Public Landed
Industrial, Private
Institution & Housing Housing Housing
Institution & Housing
others (Sold Flats) (Rental Flats)
others
Structural
Works
20% 25% 20% 30% 40% 25%
Architectural
Works
60% 65% 70% 65% 55% 70%
M&E Works 20% 10% 10% 5% 5% 5%
CONQUAS
Score
100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%

Note : (i) In general, projects with central cooling system having cooling tower, chiller
system, etc are classified under CAT A. Otherwise, it will be classified under
CAT B. Appendix 5 provides a guide with listing of buildings under the various
categories.
(ii) For Public Housing with a combination of Sold and Rental Flats, the project
will take the Category of the flat type where the number of units is more than
50% of the total units.

The weightage system, which is aimed at making the CONQUAS score


objective in representing the quality of a building, is a compromise
between the cost proportions of the three components in the various
buildings and their aesthetic consideration.

The CONQUAS score of a building is the sum of points awarded to the


three components in each category of buildings.

2.3 CONQUAS Assessor


BCA assessors undergo a rigorous training programme. They are
required to attend BCA's in-house CONQUAS training and calibration
programme to ensure competency and consistency in the assessment.

2.4 Sampling
As it is impractical to assess all elements in a building, CONQUAS uses
a sampling system for the assessment. The sampling system, which is
based on the gross floor area of the building, will ensure that the
assessment adequately represents the entire building.

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 5


CONQUAS®

3.0 THE ASSESSMENT

3.1 Assessment Approach


In general, the Assessor should select the actual locations to be
assessed prior to each assessment. Selection of samples shall be based
on drawings and location plans. The samples shall be distributed as
uniformly as possible throughout the construction stages.

The scoring will be done on the works that are inspected for the first
time. Rectification and correction carried out after the assessment will
not be re-scored. The objective of this practice is to encourage
contractors "doing things right the first time".

When an assessed item does not comply with the corresponding


CONQUAS standards, it is considered failed and a "X" will be noted in
the assessment form. Likewise a " " is given for an item meeting the
standards. A "blank" will indicate that the item is not applicable. The
score is computed based on the number of " " over the total number of
items assessed.

3.2 Structural Works Assessment


The assessment for Structural Work will be carried out for every building
block as the construction proceeds. A sample in structural work can be a
beam, a column, a wall or a slab. The assessment of a reinforced
concrete structure consists of the following items:

Reinforced Concrete Structure Weightage %

Formwork 15
Rebar 20
Finished Concrete 25
Concrete Quality 5
Steel Reinforcement Quality 5
NDT - UPV test for concrete uniformity 15
NDT - Electro-Covermeter test for concrete cover 15
Total 100

* If total precast concrete volume exceeds 20% of total structural concrete volume,
assessment will be carried out for precast concrete construction. The points will be
distributed proportionately between formwork/rebar assessment and precast concrete
assessment based on the respective concrete volume percentage.

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 6


CONQUAS®

For a typical reinforced concrete structure, selection of samples for


assessment is based on the following guidelines:

GFA per Min Max


Items Remarks
Sample Sample Sample

1 Structural Elements 500 m2 30 150 For Non-Housing Project

1a Structural Elements 1500 m2 30 50 For Housing Project

Concrete Compressive Declaration by Qualified


2 - 100% -
Strength Person

Steel reinforcement Tensile Declaration by Qualified


3 - 100% -
Strength Person

NDT- UPV test for concrete 2 20 5 structure members per


4 5,000 m2
uniformity sets sets set

NDT - Electro-Covermeter 2 20 5 structure members per


5 5,000 m2
test for concrete cover sets sets set

Note: The computed number of elements to be checked must be evenly


distributed throughout the entire block and cover at least 50% of floors in a block.
They should also as far as possible cover the different types of structural
elements.

The resulting score for the formwork/rebar/precast and finished concrete


will be the sum of the number of checks that meet the standards.

There is no assessment of precast components at the precast yard. The


assessment is applicable for all types of precast components at site.

The assessment of the quality of concrete and steel reinforcement and


the non-destructive tests is based on compliance to the standards (see
Appendix 1a).

The introduction of the non-destructive tests, i.e. on concrete uniformity


and cover for steel reinforcement, is to minimise the risk of carbonation
and steel corrosion which affect the durability of the concrete structures.

If Structural Works consists of structural steelwork which constitutes


more than 20% of the structural cost, assessment will be required for the
latter and the points will be distributed proportionately. This applies to
Pre-stressing Works as well. In any case, the distribution should follow
the cost composition for these three types of structural works in a
project.

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 7


CONQUAS®

The distribution of points for Structural Steelwork and Pre-stressed


Concrete are as follows:

Structural Steelwork Weightage %


Main Member/Partially Assembled
40
Component
Metal Decking 20
Erection Tolerances 10
Corrosion & Fire Protection 10
Welding Test Reports 20
Total 100

Note: Assessment for Structural steel roof truss is compulsory irregardless


of the 20% costing criteria

Pre-stressed Concrete Weightage %


Tendon & Anchorage 25
Sheathing 25
Stressing & Grouting 25
Debonding 25
Total 100

The selection of samples for Structural Steelwork assessment is based


on the following guidelines:

Steel tonnage per


Items Min Sample
sample

Structural Elements
Main member / Partial
250 5
assembled component
Metal Decking 250 5

Erection Tolerances 500 5

Corrosion & Fire Protection 500 5

Material & Functional Test

Welding Test Reports (NDT) All critical welding joints

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 8


CONQUAS®

3.3 Architectural Works Assessment


Assessment of Architectural works is carried out upon completion of the
building and before handing over of the project to the owner.

The assessment consists of the following items:

Architectural Elements Weightage %


Total Breakdown
Internal Finishes 56
Floor 16
Internal Wall 16
Ceiling 6
Door 6
Window 6
Component 6
Roof 4 4
External Wall 11 11
External Work* 6 6
Design, Material & Functional Tests 23
Pre-packed Plaster 1
Field Window Water-Tightness Test (WTT)
9
(BCA Test 7 pts + Self-Testing 2 pts)
Wet Area Water-Tightness Test
5
(BCA Test 4 pts + Self-Testing 1 pt)
Internal Wet Area Waterproofing Process 2
Pull-Off-Test for Internal Wall Tiles 4
External Facade
1
(Precast or System Formwork or Cladding
Facade)
Internal Wall Partition 1
(Drywall or Precast panel partition)
Total 100

Note: Assessment for internal wet area waterproofing process will be waived and
points allocated automatically if the appointed contractor for such works is
accredited under the SCI (Singapore Concrete Institute) Accreditation Scheme for
Waterproofing Specialist Contractors.

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 9


CONQUAS®

Weightages for internal finishes and M&E fittings assessment are


allocated at the defect level based on the guidelines set out below:

Element Element Weightage Defect Category Defect Weightage

Finishing 4.8
Alignment & Evenness 2.8
Floor 16 points Crack & Damages 4.8
Hollowness 1.6
Jointing 2.0
Finishing 2.8
Alignment & Evenness 2.8
Internal Wall 16 points Crack & Damages 4.8
Hollowness 2.8
Jointing 2.8
Finishing 0.9
Alignment & Evenness 0.9
Ceiling 6 points Crack & Damages 1.8
Roughness 1.5
Jointing 0.9
Joint & Gap 0.6
Alignment & Evenness 0.6
Door 6 points Material & Damages 1.8
Functionality 1.8
Accessories Defects 1.2
Joint & Gap 0.6
Alignment & Evenness 0.6
Window 6 points Material & Damages 1.2
Functionality 1.8
Accessories Defects 1.8
Joint & Gap 0.6
Alignment & Evenness 0.6
Component 6 points Material & Damages 1.8
Functionality 1.8
Accessories Defects 1.2
Joint & Gap *1.5
Alignment & Evenness *3.0
M&E Fitting *15 points Material & Damages *4.5
Functionality *4.5
Accessories Defects *1.5
* Illustration refers to CONQUAS Category B projects only. For projects in other categories, weightages at
defect level will be distributed in similar proportions

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 10


CONQUAS®

The assessment is based on the sampling guidelines as set out below:

GFA per Min Max


Items Remarks
Sample Sample Sample
For Non-Housing Project &
Mixed Development Project with
1 Internal Finishes 500 m2 30 150
Non-Residential GFA exceeding
50%
For all Private Housing Project &
1a Internal Finishes 70 m2 30 800 Mixed Development Project with
Residential GFA exceeding 50%
1b Internal Finishes 70 m2 30 600 For Public Housing Project
2 External Wall - 50% - 50% of the blocks / units
3 External Work - 1 - 1 for each type of external work
Only pre-packed plaster used.
4 Pre-packed Plaster - - - Declaration by Qualified Person
Precast or System Formwork or
5 External Facade - - - Cladding Facade. Declaration by
Qualified Person
Drywall or Precast panel partition.
6 Internal Wall Partition - - - Declaration by Qualified Person
Field Window Conducted by BCA. A sample is
7a 1,000 m2 20 100
Watertightness Test (WTT) defined as 2m length of joint.
Field Window Self-Testing with declaration by
7b - 25% -
Watertightness Test (WTT) Qualified Person
• 20% of all bathrooms and/or toilets
(by location)
Wet Area Water-tightness
8a - 20 100 • all will be tested if < 20 nos
Test • not required for non-housing
project if < 20 nos
• Self-Testing with declaration by
Wet Area Water-tightness
8b - 100% - Qualified Person
Test • Including flat roof
Internal Wet Area In-process assessment based on
9 - - - approved Method Statement
Waterproofing Process
Pull-Off-Test for Internal 1 5
10 10,000 m2 5 tiles per set (by location)
Wall tiles set sets

A location for internal finishes assessment is a functional space of a


building such as a room, hall, toilet, kitchen, yard, corridor or lobby.
Locations are further categorised into three types:

Principal locations are major functional places such as


halls and rooms.

Circulation locations include lift lobbies, corridors and


staircases.

Service locations are utility areas such as toilets,


kitchens, balconies and yards.

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 11


CONQUAS®

The computed number of locations will be distributed according to


"Principal", "Circulation" and "Service" based on the percentages set out
in the four categories of buildings as below:

CAT A CAT B
Commercial CAT C CAT D
Locations Industrial Public Landed
Housing Non-Housing
Institution Housing Properties
Others
Principal 60% 40% 60% 40% 40%

Service 15% 40% 15% 40% 40%

Circulation 25% 20% 25% 20% 20%

Scoring of internal finishes is based on the defects groups as shown in


Appendix 4 'Defects Grouping Guide for Assessment of Internal
Finishes'.

In general, any item which is not available in a project will not be


considered for scoring. For such case, the architectural score will be pro-
rated accordingly. However, any available item that is not offered for
assessment will be considered as failed and no points awarded.

An item under assessment will be considered failed if it does not meet


the standards. In addition, any item found to be defective functionally
such as evidence of water seepage in the window, slab, ceiling or roof, is
considered to have failed the assessment. Likewise for a particular
defect that is found excessive in an item (say excessive cracks on a
wall).

For the assessment of roof, a minimum 50% of the total number of


buildings will be assessed. This applies to the assessment of external
walls where a minimum 50% of the total number of buildings will be
required. For a building, the external wall will be divided into 4 walls for
assessment.

The External Works assessment consists of the following locations:

(a) Link-way / Shelter - 10m length section per sample and minimum 2 samples
(b) Apron & Drain - 10m length section per sample and minimum 2 samples
(c) Roadwork & Carpark - 10m length section per sample and minimum 1 sample
(d) Footpaths & Turfing - 10m length section per sample and minimum 2 samples
(e) Playground - 1 location
(f) Court - 1 location
(g) Fencing & Gate - 10m length section per sample and minimum 1 sample
(h) Swimming Pool - 10m length section per sample and minimum 1 sample
(i) Club House - 1 location
(j) Guard House - 1 location
(k) Electrical Substation - 1 location

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 12


CONQUAS®

Each item in the External Works will be assessed separately and all the
locations listed above must be assessed where applicable.

Under the material & functional tests, self-testing items like field window
water-tightness test for 25% of windows and 100% wet area water-
tightness test (including flat roof) and the use of pre-packed plaster for
all plastering works are based on declaration by the project Qualified
Person (QP). In general, declaration on passing for self-testing is based
on first-time-right basis.

Points for design/material choices such as external facade and internal


wall partition are awarded based on declaration by the project Qualified
Person (QP). The computation is as follows:

Design/ Material
Formula
Choice

External Facade
(Precast or System Precast/System Formwork/Cladding area x 1 point
Formwork or Total area of facade
Cladding Facade)

Internal Wall
Partition (Drywall or Drywall/Precast Panel Partition area x Allocated point*
Precast Panel Total area of internal partition (Excluding wet areas)
Partition)

*Allocated point is as follows:


Drywall: 1 point
Other lightweight partitions (with skim coat): 0.9 point
Other lightweight partitions (with plastering): 0.6 point

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 13


CONQUAS®

3.4 M&E Works Assessment


The M&E Works assessment will be carried out in two stages: during the
construction of structural works and upon completion of the building.

The assessment covers the following areas, with their weightages


allocated in accordance with the four categories of projects:

M&E Elements CAT A CAT B CAT C CAT D


M&E Works Assessment
Electrical 15 15 10 10
ACMV 20 20 - 10
Fire Protection 10 10 10 -
Plumbing & Sanitary 15 15 20 -
Basic Fittings 15 15 60 80
Sub-total 75 75 100 100
Weightage 50% 50% 100% 100%
M&E Performance Test Assessment
Performance Testing 100 100 - -
Weightage 50% 50% - _
Total 100% 100% 100% 100%

Note: "-" means that no assessment on that M&E elements is required.

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 14


CONQUAS®

Points allocated under each element of the M & E works assessed,


regardless of building category, will follow these guidelines:

Element Points Allocated


Electrical
1. Embedded conduit 2
2. Main cables 1
3. Surface conduits 2
4. Cable tray, ladder & trunking 2
5. Distribution board 4
ACMV
1. Air handling unit 2
2. Pump 1
3. Cooling tower 1
4. Chiller 1
5. Pipework 1
6. Split unit / Window air conditioner 3
7. Air-con comfort 2
8. Ductwork 4
9. Fire-rated duct 1
10. Dampers 2
11. Fire Dampers 1
12. Flexible ducts 3
13. Flexible connectors 1
Fire Protection
1. Wet / Dry riser 2
2. Sprinkler 2
3. Fire Alarm 1
4. Hosereel 2
Plumbing & Sanitary
1. Concealed pipes 2
2. Exposed pipes 5
3. Water tank 1
4. Pump 1

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 15


CONQUAS®

Performance Testing, covering Electrical, ACMV, Fire Protection and


Sanitary & Plumbing, is assessed based on "Get-It-Right-First-Time"
principle. The assessment will be based on the percentage of tests
passing the first inspection for each type of test.

The score will be pro-rated as follow:

Ave % Passing at First Attempt % of Performance Test Score


80% or below 0%
80% < X < 100% (X-80)/20 x 100%
100% 100%

Note: "X" means the average percentage of passing at first attempt.

The assessment of Basic M&E Fittings will be carried out during the
Internal Finishes assessment.

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 16


CONQUAS®

Like the Architectural Works, sampling of M&E works will be determined


based on the four categories of buildings as per the guidelines below:

CAT A CAT B CAT C CAT D


1,000 m2 per 1,500 m2 per 3,500 m2 per 3,500 m2 per
sample sample sample sample
Electrical
1. Embedded conduit 2+ 2+ 2+
2. Main cables 1 1
3. Surface conduits 1+ 1+ 1+ 1+
4. Cable tray, ladder & trunking 1+ 1+ 1+ 1
5. Distribution board 2+ 2+ 1
ACMV
1. Air handling unit 1+
2. Pump 1
3. Cooling tower 1
4. Chiller 1
5. Pipework 1
6. Split unit / Window air conditioner 2+ 2+ 3+
7. Air-con comfort 1+ 1+ 2+
8. Ductwork 3+ 1
9. Fire-rated duct 1 1
10. Dampers 1+ 1
11. Fire Dampers 1 1
12. Flexible ducts 2
13. Flexible connectors 1
Fire Protection
1. Wet / Dry riser 1+ 1+ 1+
2. Sprinkler 1+ 1
3. Fire Alarm 1 1
4. Hosereel 1+ 1+ 1+
Plumbing & Sanitary
1. Concealed pipes 1+ 1+
2. Exposed pipes 4+ 4+ 4+
3. Water tank 1 1 1
4. Pump 1 1 1

Minimum Samples 35 25 10 10
Maximum Samples 70 50 20 20

Remarks : + means to be repeated for additional samples required


Note : Basic M&E Fittings - 500 m2 per sample with min 30 and max 150 samples

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 17


CONQUAS®

3.5 Bonus Points


(a) Certified QM/CONQUAS Personnel

CONQUAS bonus point is awarded for projects that employ certified


personnel. This is to facilitate quality achievement and encourage
deployment of competent certified personnel on site.

Requirement Bonus Point


Certified CONQUAS Supervisor 0.15
Certified QM/CONQUAS Supervisor 0.3
• A supervisor can only be deployed on one project at any time
• Supervisor must be deployed for minimum 75% of project duration
• CONQUAS Manager
Certified 0.4
Certified QM/CONQUAS Manager 0.6
• A manager can be deployed for maximum of 2 projects at any time
• Manager must be deployed for minimum 75% of project duration

Maximum 1.0

Note:
1. Both employer and employee must declare the personnel was deployed for the
minimum duration as specified.
2. Where required, additional documents and records shall be furnished for verification.

(b) Design/Material Choices

Bonus points are given to projects using better buildable designs which
facilitate higher quality achievement.

Requirement Bonus Point


Use of precast elements supplied by SCI
1.0*
Accredited Precasters (100% of precast
elements)
Use of Prefabricated Bathrooms 1.5**
(at least 65% of toilets)

* Bonus point is subject to weightage for Structural Works.


** Bonus point is subject to weightage for Architectural Works.

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 18


CONQUAS®

(c) Quality Mark (QM) Projects

Bonus points are given to the project according to the quality rating
achieved under the QM tiered rating scheme.

Requirement Bonus Point*


QM STAR 1.5
QM EXCELLENT 1.0

QM MERIT 0.5

*Bonus point is subject to weightage for Architectural Works

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 19


CONQUAS®

3.6 Computation of CONQUAS Score


Below is an example of how a project’s CONQUAS score will be
computed:

Scenario:
Project Type - Commercial (CAT A)
Structural System - Reinforced Concrete system with 31%
precast concrete volume and steelworks at
75% to 25% cost ratio
Roofing System - Flat Roof
Nos of Toilet - 10 nos (100% Prefabricated Bathrooms
supplied by Accredited Precaster)
External Wall - Cladding system
Internal Wall - Brickwall

Step 1: Computation of Structural Score

Structural Works Weightage Score


(Reinforced Concrete Structure) %
Formwork/Rebar (69% concrete volume) 0.69x35% = 24.1% 22.3
Precast (31% concrete volume) 0.31X35% = 10.9% 8.0
Finished Concrete 25 20.5
Concrete Quality 5 5.0
Steel Reinforcement Quality 5 5.0
NDT - UPV for concrete uniformity 15 10.5
NDT - Electro-Covermeter test for concrete cover 15 12.5
Total 100 83.8

Structural Works Weightage Score


(Structural Steelwork) %
Main Member/Partially Assembled Component 40 33.2
Metal Decking (not used) - NA
Erection Tolerances 10 8.3
Corrosion & Fire Protection 10 10.0
Welding Test Reports 20 19.5
Total 80 71
Pro-rated Total 100 88.8

The Structural Score will be proportioned by the cost ratio as follows:

(A) (B)
Structural System (A) X (B)
Individual Score Cost Proportion
Reinforced Concrete Works 83.8 75% 62.9
Structural Steelworks 88.8 25% 22.2
Accredited Precaster 1.0 - 1.0
Structural Score 86.1

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 20


CONQUAS®

Step 2: Computation of Architectural Score

Architectural Works Weightage Score


%
Floors 16 9.3
Internal Walls 16 9.0
Ceilings 6 5.8
Doors 6 3.6
Windows 6 4.1
Components 6 4.6
Roof 4 2.5
External Walls 11 9.3
External Works 6 4.5
Pre-packed Plaster 1 1.0
Field Window Water-tightness Test (WTT)
- BCA Testing 7 5.8
- Self-Testing 2 1.4
Wet Area Water-Tightness Test
- BCA Testing (NA as <20 nos for non-residential) - NA
- Self-Testing 1 1.0
Internal Wet Area Waterproofing Process 2 2.0
Pull-Out-Test for Internal Wall Tiles 4 3.2
Cladding Facade 1 1.0
Internal Wall Partition
1 0.0
(Drywall or Precast Panel Partition)
Sub-total = (100-4) 96 68.1
Pro-rated Total = (68.1/96) 100 70.9
100% Prefabricated Bathroom 1.5
Architectural Total 100 72.4

Step 3: Computation of M&E Score

M&E Elements Cat A Score


M&E Works Assessment
Electrical 15% 12.2
ACMV 20% 18.4
Fire Protection 10% 8.8
Plumbing & Sanitary 15% 11.2
Basic Fittings 15% 12.8
Sub-total 75% 63.4
Weightage (a) 50% 42.3
M&E Performance Test Assessment
Performance Test 100% 86.9
Weightage (b) 50% 43.4
Total (a+b): 100% 85.7

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 21


CONQUAS®

Step 4: Computation of Bonus Points for Certified CONQUAS/QM


Personnel

Certified Personnel Deployed Bonus Point


Certified CONQUAS Supervisor x1 0.15
Certified QM/CONQUAS Supervisor x1 0.3
Certified QM/CONQUAS Manager x1 0.6
Total 1.0 (max)

Step 5: Computation of Final CONQUAS Score

(A)
(B)
Area of Works/Component Actual (A) X (B)
CAT A
Score
Structural Works 86.1 20% 17.22
Architectural Works 72.4 60% 43.44
M&E Works 85.7 20% 17.14
Certified QM/CONQUAS - - 1.0
Personnel
CONQUAS Score 100% 78.8

3.7 Publication of CONQUAS Scores

The overall CONQUAS scores of projects are published and accessible


for viewing at BCA’s website. However projects scoring 95 points or
higher will only be shown as “CONQUAS ”. Higher CONQUAS scores
generally reflect better workmanship. However scores beyond 95 points
are often achieved at significant cost and effort disproportionate to the
incremental achievement in quality. The “CONQUAS ” rating facilitates
setting realistic quality benchmarks balanced with productivity and cost
considerations.

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 22


Appendix 1a

QUALITY STANDARDS FOR STRUCTURAL WORKS


Part 1: Reinforced Concrete Structures

Item* Standards

1 Formwork

1a Formwork dimensions 1) Tolerance for cross-sectional dimensions of cast in-situ &


and openings for services precast elements: +10mm / -5mm

2) Tolerance for penetration / opening for services: +10mm for


size and ±25mm for location

3) Tolerance for length of precast members (major dimension


of unit):
• Up to 3m: ±6mm
• 3m to 4.5m: ±9mm
• 4.5m to 6m: ±12mm
• Additional deviation for every subsequent 6m: ±6mm

1b Alignment, plumb and 1) Tolerance for departure of any point from its position:
level 10mm

2) Tolerance for plumb: 3mm / m, maximum 20mm

3) Maximum deviation of mean level of staircase thread to


temporary bench mark: ±5mm

4) For cast in-situ elements, the deviation of level of any point


from the intended level: ±10mm

1c Condition of formwork, 1) Formwork must be free from defects


props & bracing
2) Before concreting, the interior must be free from debris

3) All formwork joints must not have gaps to prevent leakage

4) There must be adequate support, bracing and tie-back for


the formwork to prevent bulging or displacement of
structural elements

2 Reinforcement (cast in-


situ & Precast)

2a Main & Secondary rebars 1) According to structural drawings (numbers / sizes)

2) Spacing of bars not more than that specified

2b Anchorages & lap lengths 1) Required lap length not less than that specified

2c Cover provision 1) According to specifications with tolerance of +5mm

2d Links, stirrups and 1) According to structural drawings (numbers / sizes)


trimming bars

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 23


Appendix 1a

Item* Standards

2) Spacing of links not more than specified

2e Rebar Condition 1) Rebars must be securely and properly tied in place

2) Rebars must be freed from concrete dropping, corrosion


etc

3 Finished Concrete (cast


in-situ & Precast)

3a Dimension for elements / 1) Tolerance for cross-sectional dimension of cast in-situ and
opening for services precast elements: +10mm / -5mm

2) Tolerance for opening: +10 for size and ±25mm for location

3) Tolerance for length of precast members (major dimension


of unit):
• Up to 3m: ±6mm
• 3m to 4.5m: ±9mm
• 4.5m to 6m: ±12mm
• Additional deviation for every subsequent 6m: ±6mm

4) Straightness or bow (deviation from intended line) of


precast member:
• Up to 3m: 6mm
• 3m to 6m: 9mm
• 4.5m to 6m: 12mm
• Additional for every subsequent 6m: 6mm

5) Squareness of precast member – Difference between the


greatest and shortest dimensions should not exceed the
following:
Length of shorter sides
• Up to and including 1.2m: 6mm
• Over 1.2m but less than 1.8m: 9mm
• 1.8m and over: 12mm

6) Twist of precast member – Any corner should not be more


than the deviation stated from the plane containing the
other 3 corners:
• Up to 600mm wide and 6m in length: 6mm
• Over 600mm wide and for any length: 12mm

7) Flatness: 6mm per 1.5m

3b Alignment, plumb and 1) Tolerance for departure of any point from its position:
level ±10mm

2) Tolerance for plumb: 3mm / 1m, maximum 20mm for floor


to floor height and 40mm for the entire building height

3) Maximum deviation of mean level: ±10mm

4) For cast in-situ elements, the maximum deviation of levels

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 24


Appendix 1a

Item* Standards

within the element: 10mm

5) Camber at mid-span: according to specifications

3c Exposed surface 1) Should not have visual exposure of groups of coarse


aggregates resulting from grout leakage

2) Cold joint & formwork joint must be smooth

3) No bulging of structural elements

4) All formwork, nails, zinc strips, etc must be removed

5) No cracks or damages

4 Precast Specific
Requirements

4a Lifting points/inserts 1) Tolerance for position: ±20mm from centre line location in
drawing

2) Lifting devices and inserts free from damages

4b Sleeve 1) Tolerance for position: ±6mm from centre line location in


system/connections drawings

2) Bar protrusion length according to requirements. No


bending, cranking or damages to bars

3) Bars free from concrete droppings or corrosion

4) Sleeves, grout holes, grout tubes not congested with debris

4c Interface/joint 1) Joint taper:


requirements • Over 3m length: 6mm
• Maximum for entire length: 9mm

2) Alignment of horizontal and vertical joint: ±6mm

3) Jog in alignment of matching edges: 6mm

4) Sitting of element: according to specifications

5) Installation of sealant and waterproofing: according to


specifications

4d Cast-in steel 1) Tolerance for position of cast-in steel items: ±6mm from
items/welded & bolted centre line location in drawings
connections

2) Tolerance for position of openings for bolt connections:


±3mm from centre line location in drawings

3) Relevant requirements in CONQUAS steelwork standards


to be used where applicable

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 25


Appendix 1a

Item* Standards

5 Structure Quality

5a Concrete Cube test 1) For every pour of concrete, test cubes results at 28 days
must satisfy the passing criteria as specified in the contract.
The summary of test reports (Form A) must be endorsed by
the project’s structural QP (Qualified Person)

5b Reinforcement (Rebar) 1) To pass the tensile strength test for all the reinforcement
bars used as according to the contract specifications. The
summary of test reports (Form A) must be endorsed by the
project’s structural QP (Qualified Person)

2) All the welded steel fabric used to comply with the contract
specifications.

3) No non-conforming reinforcement detected through test


records has been installed in the structure

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 26


Appendix 1a

Item* Standards

6 Non-destructive testing

6a Ultra Pulse Velocity test 1) To conduct NDT using ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) to
for Concrete Uniformity check the degree of uniformity of hardened concrete

2) 5 columns per set and 2 readings per column

3) Assessment is based on the difference between the 2 UPV


readings within a column shall not exceed 0.05 km/s

4) Method as per SS 78

6b Electro-Covermeter test 1) To check hardened concrete cover for reinforcement bars


for concrete cover after casting: minimum 25mm or higher as according to
specification

2) 5 structural samples per set including:

a 3 for slab soffit @ 4 readings each

b 1 for column @ 2 readings each on both axis of the column

c 1 for beam @ 2 readings each on the soffit and one side of


the beam

3) For each reading within a structural sample, full point for


±5mm and half point for >±5mm to ±8mm. However, no
points will be awarded if any of the 4 readings within the
structural sample exceeds + 12mm)

4) Method as per SS 78

For the assessment of concrete cube test results, the percentage of points shall be awarded based
on the percentage of non-compliance as tabulated in the table below:

Percentage of Points awarded Percentage of non-compliance


100% 0 - 2.5%
75% 2.6 - 5.0%
50% 5.1 - 7.5%
25% 7.6 - 10%
0% > 10%

* An item is deemed to have failed if any one of the standards is not met.

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 27


Appendix 1b

QUALITY STANDARDS FOR STRUCTURAL WORKS


Part 2: Structural Steel Works

Item* Standards

1 Main member/Partial
assembled component

1a Physical dimensions 1) Cross sectional tolerance should not be less than the
structural steel specifications or approved plan

2) Tolerance for length of structural steel member: ±3mm

3) Tolerance for bolt hole size:


• ≤2mm for bolt diameter < 24mm
• ≤3mm for bolt diameter ≥ 24mm
Tolerance for bolt hole position: ±2mm

1b Type and condition 1) According to the structural steel specifications

2) Surface preparation shall meet the surface roughness


specifications

3) Material used must be traceable to its original mill


certificates

1c Welding 1) Weld size, length and profile shall meet the structural steel
specifications and drawings

2) Visual inspection shall meet the structural steel


specifications

3) All weld shall follow approved welding procedures

4) All welding must be done by qualified welders

1d Bolting 1) Bolts and washers, type, size and number shall be


according to the structural steel specifications

2) Drilled holes shall be free from burrs

3) The condition of bolted parts adjacent to the bolt heads,


nuts, flat washers, connection gussets and splice plates
shall be free from oil, paint, and loose mill scales or
otherwise specified by the structural steel specifications

4) Gap between adjacent parts shall not exceed 2mm

5) Bolts shall be tightened to specified torque or as specified


by the structural steel specifications

6) Threaded bolts protruding at least one thread length with


washers

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 28


Appendix 1b

Item* Standards

2 Metal decking

2a Type and condition 1) Correct type and thickness of metal decking used

2) All decking joints must not have gaps

3) All metal decking must be properly secured in place

4) Metal decking must be free from defects and visible


damages

5) Before concreting, the decking must be free from grease,


oil, paint, and all other foreign materials

6) All accessories such as pour stop, end closures and cover


plates must be in place before concreting

2b Shear studs 1) Correct number and type of shear studs used

2) Spacing and position according to approved plan

3) Strength of shear stud welds not less than specified

4) All welds should show a full 360-degree weld fillet. All


welds free from visible damages

2c Lapping and deck 1) According to structural steel specifications or approved


openings plan

3 Erection tolerances

3a Column verticality 1) Tolerance for verticality: ±H/600 or 5mm, maximum


±25mm; where H is the floor to floor height in mm.

3b Column position 1) The position in plan of a steel column at the base shall not
deviate from the specified position by more than 10mm
along either of the principal setting out axes

3c Beam level 1) Maximum deviation of level at each end of the same beam:
±5mm

2) The level of the top of the steelwork at any storey shall be


within ±10mm of the specified level

3d Beam position 1) Beams shall not deviate from their specified positions
relative to the column to which they are connected by more
than 5mm

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 29


Appendix 1b

Item* Standards

4 Corrosion and fire


protection

4a Thickness of coating 1) Average thickness of the coating or the protective layer


must not be less than specified

4b Condition 1) No visible damages

2) No spalling of coating or protective layer from structural


steel members

5 Welding test reports# 1) Reports for all critical welding joints from the specified
contract requirements must be submitted

2) Test reports must comply with the acceptable criteria and


must be endorsed by the project’s structural QP.

# For test records, the following table would be used to determine the points awarded:

Points awarded Percentage of elements checked which does not


20 0%
15 0%<x≤5%
10 5%<x≤10%
5 10%<x≤15%
0 x>15%

* An item is deemed to have failed if any one of the standards is not met.

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 30


Appendix 1c

QUALITY STANDARDS FOR STRUCTURAL WORKS


Part 3: Pre-stressed Concrete

Item* Standards

1 Condition of tendons & 1) All pre-stressing strands and wires should comply with the
anchorages specified standards and requirements and be free from
loose rust, oil, tar, paint and any foreign objects

2) All tendon anchorage are to comply with the specified


standards and protected from corrosion

Thread parts to be greased wrapped and tapped holes


protected until use

2 Installation of sheathing 1) Sheathing properly secured and protected and free from
damage or puncture

2) Sheathing profile according to drawings throughout the


length with position tolerance: ±5mm

3) Splice to sheathing shall be mortar tight

4) Air vents or grout tubes provided according to the drawing

3 Stressing & Grouting 1) Tendon ducts clean and free from foreign objects and
process tendon free moving in the duct

2) Strands stressed to the final pressure / elongation within


the specific % accuracy of the stipulated value

3) All grouting operations of the tendons must be smooth and


achieved without need to flush out in the first grouting

4 Debonding 1) Open ends of debond tubes over the debond length of


strands sealed

2) Debond lengths according to the drawings

3) Debonding materials not punctured or damaged

* An item is deemed to have failed if any one of the standards is not met.

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 31


Appendix 2

QUALITY STANDARDS FOR ARCHITECTURAL WORKS


Part 1: Internal Finishes

Item* Standards

1 Floors

1a General Requirements 1) Finishing


 No stain marks
 Consistent colour tone
 Floor divider provided where required

2) Alignments & Evenness


 Evenness of surface (not more than 3mm per 1.2m)
 Falls in wet areas should be in right direction
 No ponding in falls for wet area
 For staircases, the variance in lengths of threads and
risers must not exceed 5 mm; nosing must be straight
 Skirting size and joint aligned with floor if of same
material

3) Crack & Damages


 No visible damage / defects

4) Hollowness / Delamination
 No hollow sound when tapped with a hard object
 No sign of delamination

5) Jointing
 Consistent skirting thickness
 No visible gap between wall & skirting

1b Screed finish 1) Surfaces should not be unduly rough or patchy

2) No visible trowel marks

3) Expansion joints should be provided at interval as stated by


architect

1c Tiled finish 1) Consistent colour and neat pointing

2) No hollow sound when tapped with a hard object

3) Joints are aligned and consistent with skirting and wall tiles

4) Consistent joint size

5) Lippage between 2 tiles should not be more than 0.5 mm

6) Expansion joints should be provided at interval as stated by


architect

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 32


Appendix 2

Item* Standards

1d Timber floor 1) No warpage

2) Timber strips to rest firmly on joists or screed

3) No visible gaps in between timber strips

4) Edges of the floor to be properly sealed

1e Carpet 1) Stretched and even surface

2) Joint should not be visible

3) Proper anchoring at all edges

1f Raised Floor 1) No loose floor panels

2) No protrusion / potential of tripping over floor panels

3) No jolting or rocking panel

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 33


Appendix 2

Item* Standards

2 Internal Walls

2a General 1) Finishing
 No stain marks
 Consistent colour tone
 No rough / patchy surface

2) Alignments & Evenness


 Evenness of surface (not more than 3mm per 1.2m)
 Verticality of wall (not more than 3mm per m)
 Walls meet at right angles (not more than 4mm over
300mm)
 Edges (wall to wall) to appear straight and aligned

3) Crack & Damages


 No visible damage / defects

4) Hollowness / Delamination
 No hollow sound when tapped with a hard object
 No sign of delamination

5) Jointing
 Straightness of corners and joints

2b Plaster Finish 1) Surface evenness (not more than 3mm over 1.2m)

2) No hollow sound when tapped with a hard object.

3) Surfaces should not be unduly rough or patchy esp no


brush / trowel marks

2c Tiled Finish 1) Tile joints aligned and with consistent joint size

2) No hollow sound when tapped with a hard object

3) Consistent colour and neat pointing

4) Lippage between 2 tiles should not be more than 0.5mm

2d Cladding 1) Proper anchorage for panels

2) Joints aligned and with consistent joint size

3) Sealant material compatible with cladding

4) Consistent spacing and within allowable tolerance

2e Architectural Coating 1) Substrate - see plaster finish

2) Finished texture and colour to be uniform

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 34


Appendix 2

Item* Standards

2f Painting 1) Substrate - see plaster finish

2) Surfaces are evenly painted

3) Good opacity, no patchiness resulted from touch up works

4) Free from peeling, blister and chalkiness

5) No discolouration and fading

2g Pre-cast concrete 1) Alignment with adjacent planks not more than 3mm
planks

2) Plane tolerance (3mm / 1.2m)

2h Wall Paper 1) Stretched and even surface

2) Joint should not be visible

3) Proper anchoring at all edges

4) Edges should be neatly laid and finished

2i Glass Blocks 1) Pointing should be satisfactory

2) Joint should be even

3) Glass blocks should be properly aligned

2j Wood / Timber Panels 1) Timber panels to rest firmly on joist or screed

2) No visible gaps between panels

3) Edges should be properly aligned and sealed

4) No warpage

5) No cracks

2k Fair-Face Concrete 1) Consistent distribution of blowholes for the same sample /


surrounding area.

2) All blowhole sizes to be equal or less than 8mm

3) Consistent tonality for the same sample / surrounding area

4) No exposed aggregate

5) No cracks and damages

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 35


Appendix 2

Item* Standards

3 Ceilings

3a General Requirements 1) Finishing


 No stain marks
 Consistent colour tone
 No patchy surface

2) Alignment & Evenness


 Overall surface should be smooth, even, not wavy
 Straightness of corners

3) Crack & Damages


 No visible damage e.g spalling, leaks, cracks, etc

4) Roughness
 No rough surface

5) Jointing
Consistent, aligned and neat

3b Skim Coats / Boarded 1) Not patchy, with no pin holes and with no trowel marks
Ceiling

2) Formwork joints are grounded smooth

3) Paintwork with good opacity and with no brush marks

4) Access door joints should be sharp and in consistent width

3c False ceiling / Grid 1) Alignment of rails should be visually straight


System

2) Surface should be overall level and even

3) Chipped surfaces or corners should not be seen

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 36


Appendix 2

Item* Standards

4 Doors

4a General Requirements 1) Joints & Gap


 No visible gaps between door frame and wall
 Consistent & neat joints
 Consistent gap between door leaf and frame and not
more than 5mm
 No visible gaps within door leaf and door frame
 Consistent and no visible gaps for mitre joints

2) Alignment & Evenness


 Alignment/level with walls
 Door frame and leaf to flush
 Door and frame corners maintained at right angles
 No rattling sound when door is closed

3) Material & Damages


 No stain marks and any visible damage
 No sags, warps on door leaf
 Fire stop provided where necessary
 Door joints and nail holes filled up, properly sanded
down and with good paint finish (including on top and
bottom of door leaf and consistent in colour)
 Glazing clean and evenly sealed with gasket
 No sign of corrosion for metal frame
 Consistent colour tone

4) Functionality
 Ease in opening, closing and locking
 No squeaky sound during swinging the leaf

5) Accessories Defects
 Lock sets with good fit and no stains
 No sign of corrosion in ironmongery
 No missing or defective accessories

Note 1: Civil defence shelter door will be considered as


part of wall finishes

Note 2: Metal gate will be assessed as component

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 37


Appendix 2

Item* Standards

5 Windows

5a General Requirements 1) Joints & Gap


 No visible gap between window frame and wall
 Consistent gap between window leaf and frame and
not more than 5mm (timber window only)
 No visible gaps within window leaf and frame
 No visible gaps between window leaf and frame
 Neat joint between window and wall internally and
externally
 Consistent and no visible gaps at mitre joints

2) Alignment & Evenness


 Alignment / level with wall openings
 Window leaf and frame corners maintained at right
angles

3) Material & Damages


 No stain marks and any visible damage / defects
 Louvre windows with glass panels of correct lengths
 Glazing clean, evenly sealed with putty or gasket for
aluminium windows

4) Functionality
 Ease in opening, closing and locking
 No sign of rainwater leakage
 No squeaky sound during swinging the leaf

5) Accessories Defects
 Lock sets with good fit and aligned
 No sign of corrosion
 No missing or defective accessories
 Countersunk screws levelled and flushed. No over-
tightened screws
 Stainless steel screws at hinges for swing window

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 38


Appendix 2

Item* Standards

6 Components

6a General Requirements 1) Joints & Gap


 Consistent joint width & neat joint
 No visible gap
 Welding joints grounded or flushed

2) Alignment & Evenness


 Level and in alignment

3) Material & Damages


 No stain marks
 No visible damage / defects
 Consistent in colour tone

4) Functionality
 Functional, secured and safe

5) Accessories Defects
 No missing accessories
 No sign of corrosion
 No visible damages / defects

* An item is deemed to have failed if any one of the standards is not met

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 39


Appendix 2

QUALITY STANDARDS FOR ARCHITECTURAL WORKS


Part 2: Roof

Item* Standards

1 Construction

1a General Requirements 1) Stain / Painting


 No stain marks
 Good paint works

2) Rough / Uneven / Falls


 Look smooth and with no tool marks
 Even and level esp no potential in stripping
 Good falls in right direction

3) Crack / Chip / Damage


 No visible damages / defects

4) Joint / Sealant / Alignment


 Consistent joint width, neat & aligned

5) Chokage / Ponding
 No sign of chokage and ponding

6) Construction
 No sign of leaking
 Proper dressing for any protrusion
 Neat & secured installation of fixtures

1b Flat Roof 1) Ponding less than 3mm

2) Surface to level to avoid tripping

3) Proper dressing for any protrusion

4) Openings to be sealed to prevent pest invasion

5) Clean and no stain marks

1c Pitched Roof 1) No leaking

2) No rust or stains

3) Good painting to roof structural members

4) Roof tiles in alignment

5) Openings to be sealed to prevent pest invasion

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 40


Appendix 2

Item* Standards

6) Consistent colour tone

7) Proper dressing for any protrusion

1d Waterproofing 1) Should be evenly installed, no sharp protrusion


(exposed)

2) Complete adhesion to base

3) Good laps at joints and proper vertical abutment details

4) No leaking and sign of damage to membrane/coating

5) Clean and no mortar stains

6) No paint defects

1e Gutters 1) No ponding and chokage

2) No cracks, chips and any other visible damages / defects

3) RWDP inlet should be lower than the surrounding gutter


invert level

4) Gutter and RWDP inlet to be covered to prevent chokage


where practical

5) Clean and no cement stains

* An item is deemed to have failed if any one of the standards is not met

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 41


Appendix 2

QUALITY STANDARDS FOR ARCHITECTURAL WORKS


Part 3: External Wall

Item* Standards

1 General Requirements 1) Evenness / Roughness


 Overall surface should be even, not wavey & not
patchy

2) Staining / Painting / Finishing


 No visible stain marks
 Good paint works

3) Cracking / Damages
 No visible damage / defects

4) Jointing / Alignment
 External features visually in alignment
 Corners of wall maintained at right angles and straight
 Consistent joint width, neat & aligned

2 Plaster Finish 1) As above

3 Tiled Finish 1) Tile joints aligned and between 2-4mm wide unless
specified

2) Plumb tolerance and evenness of surface (3mm / 1.2m)

4 Claddings / Curtain 1) Gaps around openings to be properly sealed


Walls

2) Joints of regular widths as specified

3) Plumb tolerance as specified

4) Evenness of surface, no dents or scratches

5) Sealant material compatible with cladding

5 Facing Brickwork 1) 10mm joint with pointing

2) Weepholes are provided as specified

3) No mortar droppings and other stains

4) No efflorescence

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 42


Appendix 2

Item* Standards

6 Architectural Coating 1) Substrate - see plaster finish

2) Finished texture and colour to be uniform

3) No paint drips and other stains

7 Painting 1) Substrate - see plaster finish

2) Surfaces are evenly painted; no patchiness due to touch up


work

3) Good opacity, no discolouring and free from peeling

8 Fair-Faced Concrete 1) No exposed aggregate

2) Consistent tonality when viewed as a whole

* An item is deemed to have failed if any one of the standards is not met

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 43


Appendix 2

QUALITY STANDARDS FOR ARCHITECTURAL WORKS


Part 4: External Works

Item* Standards

1 General Requirements 1) No stain marks and visible damages / defects


(basis for assessment)
2) Finishes must be even, level , align & consistent

3) Consistent joints width and neat

4) Paintworks with good opacity, no patchiness and brush


marks

5) Constructed according to Contract Specifications

6) Fixtures installed must be safe, secured and functional

7) Standards defined under Part 1: Internal Finishes, Part 2:


Roof and Part 3: External Wall shall apply for similar items

1a Link-Way / Shelter 1) Floor as per Internal Finishes - Floor

2) Column as per Internal Finishes - Wall

3) Ceiling as per Internal Finishes – Ceiling

4) Other Finishes as per Internal Finishes – Components

5) M&E Fitting as per M&E Works – Part 5 Basic M&E


Fittings

1b Apron & Drain 1) Drain


 Free flowing and no ponding of water

2) Drain Cover
 level and do not jolt or rock
 Gaps between drain covers and side of drain between
5-10mm wide
 Drain grating properly painted

3) Apron 1
 Bitumen joints with neat edges and sufficient length
 No ponding

4) Apron 2 – as per Apron 1

5) Inspection Chamber
 Inspection chambers are level with surrounding without
depression and with tolerance of 20mm for protrusion
 Covers to be level with frames

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 44


Appendix 2

Item* Standards

1c Roadwork & Carpark 1) Side Drain as per 1b Apron & Drain

2) Road Surface
 No ponding
 Road painting according to drawings; dimensional
tolerance of 5mm
 Gaps between aeration slabs properly filled up with
sand
 Aeration slabs stable and not broken

3) Kerbs – as per General Requirements

4) Road Sign
 Provided according to specifications
 Firm and secured at base – with footing if required
 Metal parts below ground are corrosion treated

5) Lightings – as per 1c Road Sign

1d Footpaths & Turfing 1) Footpath as per Internal Finishes - Floor

2) Turfing
 No depression or bald patches
 Turfing done evenly, no dead grass or weeds

3) Lightings as per 1c Road Sign

4) Fencing & Railing


 As per 1c Road Sign
 Wire fencing is PVC covered
 Footings provided for supports
 Vertical tolerance (4mm / 1.2m)

5) Other Fixtures
 as per Internal Finishes - Components

1e Playground 1) Floor as per Internal Finishes - Floor

2) Permanent Fixture1 as per Internal Finishes -


Components

3) Permanent Fixture2 as per Internal Finishes -


Components

4) Lightings as per 1c Road Sign

5) Signage as per Internal Finishes - Components

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 45


Appendix 2

Item* Standards

1f Court 1) Floor 1 as per Internal Finishes - Floor

2) Floor 2 as per Internal Finishes - Floor

3) Signage as per Internal Finishes - Components

4) M&E Fitting as per M&E Works – Part 5 Basic M&E


Fittings

5) Permanent Fixture as per Internal Finishes - Components

1g Fences & Gates 1) Fence Left as per 1d – item 4)

2) Gate as per Internal Finishes - Components

3) Fence Right as per 1d – item 4)

4) M&E Fitting as per M&E Works – Part 5 Basic M&E


Fittings

5) Signage as per Internal Finishes - Components

1h Swimming Pool 1) Side Drain as per Internal Finishes - Floor

2) Foot Path 1 as per Internal Finishes - Floor

3) Floor Path 2 as per Internal Finishes - Floor

4) M&E Fitting as per M&E Works – Part 5 Basic M&E


Fittings

5) Other Fixture as per Internal Finishes - Components

1i Club House 1) External Wall 1 as Part 3 External Wall

2) External Wall 2 as Part 3 External Wall

3) External Wall 3 as Part 3 External Wall

4) External Wall 4 as Part 3 External Wall

5) Apron & Drain as per 1b

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 46


Appendix 2

Item* Standards

1j Guard House 1) External Wall 1 as Part 3 External Wall

2) External Wall 2 as Part 3 External Wall

3) Apron & Drain as per 1b

4) Gantry as per Internal Finishes - Components

5) Other Fixture as per Internal Finishes - Components

1k Electrical Substation 1) External Wall 1 as Part 3 External Wall

2) External Wall 2 as Part 3 External Wall

3) External Wall 3 as Part 3 External Wall

4) External Wall 4 as Part 3 External Wall

5) Apron & Drain as per 1b

* An item is deemed to have failed if any one of the standards is not met

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 47


Appendix 2

QUALITY STANDARDS FOR ARCHITECTURAL WORKS


Part 5: Material & Functional Tests

Item* Standards

1 Plastering 1) Use Pre-packed Plaster only.

2 Field Window Water- 1) No sign of leakage using BCA's Window Water-tightness


tightness Test Test method. Leakage is defined as “any appearance of
uncontrolled water, other than condensation, on the indoor
face of any part of the wall & window”.

2) BCA's Water-tightness Test parameters:

Water intensity: 300mm/hr


: 1 litre/min/m of joint
Wind Pressure: 240 Pa
Nozzle inclination: 90o to window
1 sample = 2m length of joint
Spray duration: 10 minutes

3 Wet Area Water- 1) No sign of leakage after ponding wet areas over a
tightness test (i.e. minimum period of 24 hrs.
Bathrooms, toilets &
flat roof)

2) Ponding with final finish in-place

4 Internal wet area 1) According to approved method statement, shop drawings


waterproofing process and related BCA’s Good Industry Practices guides

5 Pull-off test (POT)for 1) Minimum tensile strength of 0.15 N / mm2


internal wall tiles

For the assessment of the field window water-tightness test, the number of points shall be
awarded based on the percentage of non-compliance as tabulated in the table below :

Points Awarded for Points Awarded for


Percentage of non-compliance
BCA Field Test (80%) Self-Testing (20%)

7 2 0%
(15-x)* 7/15 (15-x)* 2/15 0% < x < 15%
0 0 ≥ 15%

Note: No points shall be given if test is not carried out.


“x” is the percentage of samples failed.

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 48


Appendix 2

For the assessment of the wet area water-tightness test, the number of points shall be awarded
based on the percentage of non-compliance as tabulated in the table below :

Points Awarded for Points Awarded for


Percentage of non-compliance
BCA Field Test (80%) Self-Testing (20%)

4 1 0%
(2-x)* 4/2 (2-x)* 1/2 0% < x < 2%
0 0 ≥ 2%

Note: No points shall be given if test is not carried out.


“x” is the percentage of samples failed.

* An item is deemed to have failed if any one of the standards is not met.

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 49


Appendix 3

QUALITY STANDARDS FOR M&E WORKS


Part 1: Electrical Works

Item* Standards

1 Embedded Conduits

Installation 1) Conduit ends properly protected

2) Correct type of conduit installed as per approved sample

3) Conduit boxes clean and open end plugged / temporarily


protected

4) Coupling joints fastened

5) Bonding to earth provided for all metallic conduits

Secured Properly 6) Conduits properly secured

Bent Properly 7) Conduits properly bent without distortion and damage

No Visible Damage

2 Main Cables

Properly Supported 1) Cables adequately supported

Fire Stop 2) Fire stops properly installed

Spacing & Secure of Cable 3) Adequate spacing of cables

No Visible Damage

3 Surface Conduits

Installation 1) Conduit ends properly connected

2) Metallic conduits properly earthed

3) Correct type of conduit as per approved sample

4) Conduits properly bent without distortion and damage

Support 5) Support / brackets rigidly fitted

6) Screw used properly fastened

Fire Stop 7) Fire stops properly installed

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 50


Appendix 3

Item* Standards
No Visible Damage 8) Conduits and accessories properly painted

4 Cable Tray, Ladder


And Trunking

Installation 1) Joints protected against corrosion

2) Correct type of material used as per approved sample

3) Metallic trunking properly earthed

Support 4) Support / brackets rigidly fitted

5) Screw used properly fastened

Fire Stop 6) Fire stops properly installed

No Visible Damage

5 Distribution Board

Circuit Diagram 1) Circuit diagram provided

2) Proper labelling for panel

Cable Termination /Earthing 3) Suitable cable termination provided

4) All live parts to be non-accessible

5) All exposed metal parts effectively earthed

No Visible Damage

* An item is deemed to have failed if any one of the standards is not met

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 51


Appendix 3

Part 2: Quality Standards for ACMV Works

Item* Standards

1 Ductwork

Location & Installation 1) Location and ductwork installed according to approved shop
drawings

Paints 2) Exposed ductwork and hanger properly painted to approved


colour code

Support 3) Ductwork properly supported

No Visible Damage

2 Fire-Rated Ducts

Location & Installation 1) Location and ductwork installed according to approved shop
drawings

2) No hanging of other services

Access Panel 3) Fire-resistant sealed access panel provided to fire-rated


enclosure of equipment for maintenance

No Visible Damage

3 Flexible Ducts

Location & Installation 1) Location & installation as per approved shop drawings

Support 2) Duct properly supported

Sufficient Radius 3) Bending radius sufficiently wide to prevent tensioning and


restriction of the throat

No Visible Damage

4 Flexible Connectors

Location & Installation 1) Installed as per approved shop drawings

2) Provided at ductwork, between AHU/FCU/Fans and related


ductwork

Length Limit 3) Within 50 – 250 mm length

No Visible Damage

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 52


Appendix 3

Item* Standards
5 Dampers

Location & Installation 1) Location of dampers as per approved shop drawings

2) Dampers / splitter dampers can be adjusted freely between


the open and close position

Access Door 3) Access doors provided to all dampers

No Visible Damage

6 Fire Dampers

Location & Installation 1) Location of dampers as per approved shop drawings

2) Installed as per CP13 and no gap around fire dampers

3) Dampers in open position and held in position by fusible link.

Access Door 4) Access doors provided to all dampers according to CP13

No Visible Damage

7 Split Unit/Window Air


Conditioner

Installation 1) Units are levelled when placed on plinth

2) Drainage provided/units slightly tilted for condensation

3) Drain hose connected to the drain pipe

4) Cool air is not blocked by wall, beam, shelving or other built-


in furniture in the room

Seal Penetration 5) Proper sealant of wall or roof opening after pipes are fixed

No Leakage 6) No sign of leakage from pipes

No Visible Damage

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 53


Appendix 3

Item* Standards

8 Air-Con Comfort
o o
Temperature 1) Room temperature between 23 C - 25 C or according to
specification

Air Flow 2) Room airflow rate not exceeding 0.25 m/s or according to
specification

Relative Humidity 3) Room relative humidity not more than 60% or according to
specification

9 Air Handling Unit

Location & Installation 1) Unit location & pipe layout installed as per approved shop
drawings

2) Inspection access door for fan, coil, motor and filter

3) All metal parts properly earthed

4) Smoke detector installed at the return air stream

5) Name plate installed with manufacturer's name, serial


number and model number

Support 6) Pipe / duct from AHU must be supported

No Visible Damage

10 Pump

Location & Installation 1) Location & pipe layout installed as per approved shop
drawings

2) Pump & motor assembly properly installed on inertia block &


spring isolator

3) Guard provided to exposed shafts, coupling & moving parts

4) Name plate installed with manufacturer's name, serial


number and model number

Electrical Termination 5) No bad electrical termination

No Visible Damage

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 54


Appendix 3

Item* Standards

11 Cooling Tower

Self-Earthing System 1) Cooling tower completed with self-earthing system for


connection to building lightning protection system

Location & Installation 2) Name plate installed with manufacturer's name, serial
number and model number

3) Location & pipe layout installed as per approved shop


drawings

No Visible Damage 4) Cooling tower clear of all debris

12 Pipework
including Chilled water, Hot
water, Steam, Condenser
water, Condenser drain,
Cold Water make-up,
water treatment and
refrigerant 1) Pipe works installed as per approved shop drawing &
specifications

Paints & Support 2) Pipe work provided with drains at each low point and
automatic air vents with manual isolating valve at each high
point

Fire Stop 3) Fire stop for passage of pipes at opening for fire resistant
walls and floor

4) Properly painted and supported

No Visible Damage

13 Chiller

Location & Installation 1) Location & pipe layout installed as per approved shop
drawing

2) Chiller to be levelled when placed on plinth or vibration


isolators

3) Chiller fixed securely in position

4) Correct model, make & capacity

Pipe Support & Label 5) Pipes supported properly by hangers or brackets

6) Pipe connections follow specified flow direction

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 55


Appendix 3

Item* Standards

No Leakage 7) No sign of leakage

No Visible Damage

* An item is deemed to have failed if any one of the standards is not met

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 56


Appendix 3

Part 3: Quality Standards for Fire Protection Works

Item* Standards

1 Wet / Dry Riser

Landing Valve 1) Landing valve must be accessible

2) Landing valve strapped & padlocked

3) Labelling for riser door

4) Landing valve painted red for wet riser / yellow for dry riser

5) Automatic air release valve provided at highest point of rising


main

Pipe & Pipe Support 6) Riser pipes properly supported

7) Labelling & painting for riser pipe

8) Bonding to earth provided for rising main

Wall/Floor Penetration 9) Proper wall / floor penetration

No Visible Damage

2 Sprinkler

Location & Installation 1) Location, sprinkler and pipe layouts and sizes installed as
per approved shop drawings

2) Double layer sprinkler for false ceiling >800mm in depth

3) No obstruction and painting to sprinkler heads

4) Correct sprinkler heads used in correct locations

Pipe Support 5) Pipe work properly supported

Wall/Floor Penetration 6) Proper wall / floor penetration

No Visible Damage

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 57


Appendix 3

Item* Standards

3 Fire Alarm

Location & Installation 1) Location of fire alarm panel, break glass & bell is correct

2) Location & spacing of detectors are correct

3) Fire alarm wiring in conduit (GI type)

Paints 4) Panel and conduit properly painted

Fire Alarm Zoning Diagram 5) Fire Alarm Zoning diagram provided near panels / sub-
panels

No Visible Damage

4 Hosereel

Location & Installation 1) Location of hosereel as per approved shop drawings

2) Hosereel cabinet properly labelled

3) Hosereel pipe properly fixed with hangers & brackets

3) Hosereel operation instruction properly marked on hosereel


drum or door

Paints 4) Correct & proper painting for hosereel

No Visible Damage

* An item is deemed to have failed if any one of the standards is not met

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 58


Appendix 3

Part 4: Quality Standards for Plumbing & Sanitary Works

Item* Standards

1 Concealed Pipes

Location & Installation 1) Pipes properly supported, bent without distortion, kink and
damage

2) Pipe and fitting ends properly capped

3) Proper joints

4) Materials used are of approved types

Alignment 5) Vertically or horizontally aligned

No Visible Damage

2 Exposed Pipes

Location & Installation 1) Location of pipes installed and labelled as per approved
shop drawing

2) Pipes properly supported, bent without distortion, kink and


damage

3) Joints are watertight

4) Pipe & fitting ends properly capped

5) No potable water pipes below non-potable water pipes

6) Materials used are of approved types

Alignment 7) Horizontally and vertically aligned and parallel to building


surface

8) Inclined pipes laid to proper gradients

9) Plumb < 3mm per 1m height

Clearance 10) Do not cause obstruction / pose safety hazard at public area

11) Sufficient clearance between installed pipes / ceiling and


pipes / wall for accessibility

12) Service pipe duct accessible

No Visible Damage

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 59


Appendix 3

Item* Standards
3 Water Tank

Location & Installation 1) Location, type & capacity as per approved shop drawing and
specification

2) All openings properly covered and secured

3) Joints & pipe connections are watertight.

4) Not located below non-potable water pipes

5) Corrosion-resistant external cat ladders provided for large


water tank

Netting 6) Netting properly fitted for overflow / warning / vent pipes

Clearance 7) Accessible for maintenance. Minimum clearance of 600mm


all rounded the water tank

No Visible Damage 8) No visible damage

9) Clean & free from debris

4 Pump & Motor

Location & Installation 1) Location & type as per approved shop drawing

2) No noticeable vibration & noise from pump / motor

3) Test certificate for alignment of Pump & Motor from


manufacturer

Electrical Termination 4) No bad / loose electrical terminations

No Visible Damage

* An item is deemed to have failed if any one of the standards is not met

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 60


Appendix 3

Part 5: Quality Standards for Basic M&E Fittings

Item* Standards

1 General Requirements 1) Joints & Gap


• No visible gap
• Consistent joint width & neat

2) Alignment & Evenness


• Aligned, leveled and straight

3) Material & Damages


• No visible damage / defects
• No stain marks
• Securely fixed
• Consistent colour tone

4) Functionality
• Functional and safe

5) Accessories Defects
• No missing accessories
• No visible damage / defects

2 Plumbing & Sanitary


Fittings

2a Gully & Floor Trap 1) No damage or chokage

2) Must be securely fixed

3) Trap's top lower than the surrounding floor level

2b Pipes 1) Visually aligned horizontally, vertically and parallel to


building surface

2) Inclined pipes laid to proper gradients

3) No leakage at joints

4) Plumb < 10mm / storey height

5) Brackets firmly secured & adequately spaced

6) If painted, no drippings & with good opacity

2c Fittings 1) Firmly secured & joints properly sealed & pointed

2) No leakage at joints

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 61


Appendix 3

Item* Standards

3) No chipping or cracks

4) No paint drops or mortar droppings

5) Fittings in working condition

6) Accessible for maintenance

7) Do not cause obstruction / pose as safety hazard (e.g.


sprinkler head to point inward).

8) No sediments / particles found in water collected at terminal


water fittings (remove aerator & showerhead).

9) All sensor covers properly sealed against water seepage

10) Materials used are of approved types

3 M&E Fittings e.g. power point, telephone point, air-con diffuser, fan coil
unit, lighting, smoke alarm, sprinkler heads, CCTV camera,
etc.

3a Installation 1) Fittings must be aligned and location as per approved


drawings.

2) No stains

3) Neat patch-up for pointing / penetration

3b Safety 1) No exposed wiring within reach

3c Damages 1) No visible damage

* An item is deemed to have failed if any one of the standards is not met

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 62


Appendix 4

Defects Grouping Guide for Assessment of Internal Finishes

Element Defects Grouping Defects Description


Floor Finishing Stains, Painting / Coating Defects, Tonality, Patchy & Roughness
Wall Alignment & Evenness Alignment, Unevenness, Squareness
Crack & Damages Crack, Chipping, Dent, Scratches
Hollowness / Delamination
Jointing Joints, Pointing
Ceiling Finishing Stains, Painting / Coating Defects, Patchy
Alignment & Evenness
Crack & Damages Crack, Chipping, Dent, Scratches
Roughness
Jointing Joints, Pointing
Door Joints & Gap Joints, Gap etc too big, Inconsistent, Improper Seal
Window Alignment & Evenness
Component Material & Damages Crack, Chipping, Dent, Scratches, Defects, Finishing, Tonality
M&E Fittings Functionality Movement, Functionality, cannot be opened or closed properly,
Loose
Accessories Defects Missing items, Improper Fixing, Stains, Corrosion, Other damages

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 63


Appendix 5

BUILDING GROUPING GUIDE


CAT A CAT B CAT C CAT D
Commercial, Industrial, Private Housing, Public Housing Landed Housing
Institution & others Commercial, Institution,
Industrial & others

In General : All types In General : All types HDB Public Housing Bungalow

of building that has a of building without Semi-Detached

central cooling system central cooling system Terrace House

Cluster Housing

e.g. e.g.
Bank Condominium
Office Building Apartments
Shopping Complex School
Hotel Factory
Supermarket Warehouse
Airport
Hospital Mixed Development
University without Central Cooling
Regional Library
Conference Hall
Arts and Cultural Centre

Mixed Development
with Central Cooling

Note: The above is only meant to be a general guide in determining the Category of project. The
actual grouping might vary depending on the project details in the application. For instance, a
mixed development building project, ie, one with commercial and residential components in the
development, where the residential GFA > 50% of the total GFA, is categorized as category B
(housing).

Effective date: 1st Dec 2014 64

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