Problem Fishbone Diagram
Problem Fishbone Diagram
Quality
Failure
A fishbone diagram, also called a cause and effect diagram or Ishikawa diagram, is a visualization tool for categorizing the potential causes of a
problem in order to identify its root causes.
Dr. Kaoru Ishikawa, a Japanese quality control expert, is credited with inventing the fishbone diagram to help employees avoid solutions that
merely address the symptoms of a much larger problem.
A fishbone diagram is useful in brainstorming sessions to focus conversation. After the group has brainstormed all the possible causes for a
problem, the facilitator helps the group to rate the potential causes according to their level of importance and diagram a hierarchy. The design
of the diagram looks much like a skeleton of a fish. Fishbone diagrams are typically worked right to left, with each large "bone" of the fish
branching out to include smaller bones containing more detail.
Fishbone diagrams are used in the "analyze" phase of Six Sigma’s DMAIC (define, measure, analyze, improve, control) approach to problem
solving.
Create a backbone for the fish (straight line which leads to the head).
Identify at least four “causes” that contribute to the problem. Connect these four causes with arrows to the spine. These will create the first
bones of the fish.
Brainstorm around each “cause” to document those things that contributed to the cause. Use the 5 Whys or another questioning process such
as the 4P’s (Policies, Procedures, People and Plant) to keep the conversation focused.
Continue breaking down each cause until the root causes have been identified.