Application of Intelligent Transport

System for Sustainable Transport System

in Smart Cities
* ** ***
Tarun Dewangan , Rakesh Mehar , Ashutosh Kumar Agarwal
Abstract

This study presents applications of artificial intelligence for development of

sustainable transport systems in smart cities in India. There is huge gap
between the demand and supply of the public transport in most of the urban
cities in India. Due to rapid urbanization India has realize the importance of
developing smart cities to improve the quality of life of people and to
captivate foreign investment to build superior quality of infrastructure in
India. The majority of the Indian cities are facing the problem of congestion,
safety, inadequate public transport facilities, inappropriate information,
inadequate parking spaces and environmental pollution. Sustainable
transport system can eliminate these problems by providing safer, faster,
comfortable, efficient and environment friendly system and can help in
development of smart cities by the implementation of intelligent transport
system. Hence, there is urgent need to develop intelligent transport system
in Indian Cities which can play a key role in development of sustainable
transport system. Therefore, the main requirement is to adopt artificial
intelligence for development of smart cities in India. The main objective of
this article is to present the major application of intelligent transport system
for the development of sustainable transport system in smart cities. This
study can be used in the implementation of intelligent transport system for
development of sustainable transport system in smart cities in India.

Keyword: Intelligent transport system, Parking management, Passenger

information system, Intelligent parking system.

Introduction

Public transport system is a significant component of transport system and it plays a key role in
development of sustainable transport system. The root cause of all the problems of transport
system in today's world are excessive rate of urbanization and commuters dependency on private
vehicles rather than public transport.
*
PG Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal,
Madhya Pradesh, India.
**
Contract Faculty, Department of Civil Engineering, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal,
Madhya Pradesh, India.
***
UG Student, School of ICT, Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Correspondence to: Mr. Tarun Dewangan, Department of Civil Engineering, Maulana Azad National Institute of
Technology, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India. E-mail Id: [email protected]

© ADR Journals 2017. All Rights Reserved.

J. Adv. Res. Auto. Tech. Transp. Sys. 2017; 1(1&2) Dewangan T et al.

In developing countries like India, most of the realized the need of developing smart cities in
population and economic growth is taking urban area and announces to develop ‘100
place. Rapid urbanization has made the smart cities’ in urban areas [4]. The main
movement of people from the rural areas to concern of new public transport system in
urban cities [1]. Urbanization in Indian Cities is today's world is to control the increasing rate
putting enormous pressure on transportation of urbanization and to reduce the traveller’s
infrastructures to respond to an increasing dependency on private vehicles to make the
travel demand with greater strength and transportation system more sustainable.
efficiency of the public transport system [2]. According to census 2011, there was an
With this increasing urbanization, urban areas increment in million plus cities from 35 in 2001
are expected to house 40% of India’s to 55, consisting of 107.9 million urban (39%)
population and contribute 75% of India’s GDP population [5]. Figure 1 presents the
by 2030 [3]. Thus, due to increasing forecasting of vehicle population in India [3].
urbanization the Indian government has now

Years of Vehicle Forecast

Figure 1.Forecast of Vehicle Population in India

There is enormous gap between the demand essential expansion for development of a
and supply of the public transport in most of sustainable transport due to concerns
the urban cities in India and these cities are regarding the economic, environmental, safety
facing the problem of congestion, inadequate and social equity [7]. Hence, there is urgent
public transport facilities, inappropriate requirement of developing Intelligent
information, inadequate parking spaces and Transport System for safer, effective, efficient
environmental pollution. Sustainable Transport access, proper information and mobility into
in smart cities provide solutions that take the future while considering economic, social,
advantage of Intelligent Transport System and environmental needs [8]. The main
which assure superior quality of life, reduced objective of this study is to present the major
costs and increased efficiency [6]. Intelligent application of intelligent transport system for
transportation system plays a significant role in developing sustainable transport system in
today’s transportation system and is an smart cities of India. It is expected that this

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Dewangan T et al. J. Adv. Res. Auto. Tech. Transp. Sys. 2017; 1(1&2)

study will be helpful for transport planners facing various problems like environmental
to build up sustainable transport system pollution, accidents, congestion, overcrowding, lack
with implementation of artificial intelligence of information and parking space etc. At present
system. This article consists four sections, India is leading country in the world in traffic
first section presents the introduction of accidents and has the extremely high fatality rate of
intelligent transport system and major issues road accidents in the world. Therefore, there is
in today's transport system. Second section immediate requirement to develop intelligent
highlights the basic requirement of public transport systems in Indian cities for traffic control
transport system in smart cities in India. The management and to deal with the rising threat of
third section presents major application of traffic accidents and fatalities. Intelligent Transport
intelligent transport system in smart cities in System plays a significant role in improvement of
India. The last section presents important traffic control and management, passenger
conclusions drawn from this study. information system i.e. real-time traffic information
and route navigation systems, information related
Requirements of Sustainable Intelligent parking space availability etc. Table 1 presents the
Transport System requirements of intelligent transport system and its
application for sustainable transport system in
Most of the developing countries like India,
smart cities.
due to lack of intelligent transport system

Table 1.Requirements of Sustainable Transport System in Smart Cities

No. Requirements of Sustainable Application of ITS
Transport System
1 Realistic traffic information system for Developing Passenger Information System based
efficient and safe traffic movement on current traffic situation
2 Least travel time with minimum delays Developing synchronized traffic signal system
and stops with proper traffic management system
3 Environment friendly transport system Developing proper traffic control and
for least environmental degradation management authority to check standards of
i.e., air and noise pollution vehicles for their registration and issue of
license.
4 Safety of vehicles, drivers and Developing congestion free routes and safety
pedestrians and reducing accident rate and emergency management system
5 Reliable transport system Developing passenger information system and
economical public transport system
6 Proper parking spaces at affordable Developing intelligent parking system for
price economical and efficient parking
7 Efficient revenue collection with Developing electronic ticketing system, online
economical transport system booking system for public transport
8 Comfortable and affordable system to Developing terminal facilities and passenger
users information system at stops and intermediate
sections.

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J. Adv. Res. Auto. Tech. Transp. Sys. 2017; 1(1&2) Dewangan T et al.

Hence application of ITS to develop smart in transport system can be adopted to make
cities considers the basic requirements of the transport system more sustainable.
Sustainable Transport System in India.
For public transport terminal facilities
Intelligent Transport System can play a key
generally provided with proper sitting
role in resolving the crucial issues in Indian
and waiting arrangements, in addition
cities like congestion, environmental
to this, it can be provided with digital
degradation, safety issues, parking problems
display board showing information
and public transport facilities.
related to buses like bus routes,
location, next bus and charges details
Application of Intelligent Transport
and public transport vehicles can
System
facilitate recreation means during
Intelligent transport system can be journey to captivate more passengers.
implemented to makes the transportation Electronic toll system can be used to
system sustainable, which is major concern of reduce the delays at toll plaza. Innovative
today's world. Also, India need world class technologies can be used to make
infrastructure for the success of recently transport modes faster and safer with
addressed projects by Indian government i.e., integration of multi-technologies such as
"Make in India" and "Smart City" which bus transit, metro rail and other modes.
requires transportation system with better
accessibility and adequate information which is The vehicle can be provided with superior
possible with the implementation of Artificial design to enhance the comfort and light
Intelligence System. The Intelligent Transport material can be used to increase power
System can be implemented to develop weight ratio. Vehicles can be attached
superior transport facility, passenger with GPS system to develop collision free
information system, intelligent traffic control system and to reduce rate of accidents.
and management system, intelligent parking
system and environment friendly transport Development of Passenger Information
system. Hence this study presents application system
of advance technologies to enhance the quality In India, the transport system lacks appropriate
of transport system with real time passenger passenger information, passenger information
information, safety, reliability, comfort and to system can provide the real time traffic
reduce the road accidents, stops and delays situation, routes and location of buses,
and environmental pollution. weather condition, incidents identified and
busy routes etc. The passenger information
Development of Superior Transport system provides all the necessary information
Facility to the passenger so those passengers can
Indian cities are provided with poor qualities of response accordingly. Intelligent transport
transport facilities, and least safety measures, system can be applied to generate all the
which distract the passenger to use public necessary information and make them
transport and travellers turn towards private available for passengers so that this system
vehicles. Provision of superior facilities with helps the passenger to react accordingly.
implementation of artificial intelligence system Figure 2 presents the detailed passenger
information system.

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Dewangan T et al. J. Adv. Res. Auto. Tech. Transp. Sys. 2017; 1(1&2)

Passenger Information System

Information Information Passenger

Generated
Convey Response

Delay
Traffic Sensor Change Route

Incident
Aerial Surveillance
Change Departure
Road Weather
Time

Weather Condition
Next Bus
Change Mode

Incident Detection Travel Time

Emergency Alert Change Destination

Transit Location
Alternate Route
Challan Payment
Traffic Rule violation Challan Charges

Figure 2.Passenger Information System

Intelligent Traffic Control and intelligence system. ITS can be applied for
Management revenue collection and management using
electronic ticketing system and for better
Intelligence transport system includes various transparency, data can be handled by digital
implementations of advance technologies in system. Figure 3 presents development of
traffic safety by use of CCTV camera attached intelligent traffic control and management
with central monitoring system for observing system.
various sections of road network, public transit
vehicles and terminal station. Another Intelligent Parking System
component of traffic control and management
Intelligent Parking System has interesting
is traffic demand management which can be
functional system that assures an easy
easily managed by proper observation of real
parking with no damages, parking within
time traffic situation with the use of artificial
minimum possible time at any suitable place
intelligence system. Traffic signal can be
and get a message if the parked vehicle has
synchronized properly to reduce the delays at
been damaged anyhow while the driver is
intersection with application of artificial
not present in the car.

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J. Adv. Res. Auto. Tech. Transp. Sys. 2017; 1(1&2) Dewangan T et al.

Intelligent Traffic Control and

Management

Intelligent Traffic Incident detection

Safety and Management

Traffic Demand Revenue collection

management and management

Figure 3.Intelligent Traffic Control and Management System

The IPS system provides a planning of path that is system should be able to provide guidance
being displayed on the computer system to specify automatically to the driver and would also facilitate
the directions of vehicle and provide guidance to users to get notified when their car get damaged
driver for parking of vehicle. This system includes while their vehicle is being parked
algorithmic car movement system and the damage [9]. Figure 4 presents block diagram of
message system. The intelligent parking system.

Intelligent
Parking System

Car system Algorithmic car Damage Message

Control movement System

Infrared Sensor Car movement Collision

and Display Unit system Detector and

Figure 4.Application of ITS in Intelligent Parking System

Development of Environment Friendly technology vehicles like electric motors can be

Transport System used and vehicles with alternate fuel like bio
diesel and compressed natural gas. For better
The transport system today faces major challenges enforcement, the air polluting and noise
because of rapidly growing transport demand. The creating vehicles can be detected with the use
main challenges of inefficient transport system are of sensors and automatic challan system can
to control the environment pollution. Therefore, be used to collect charges from such vehicles.
this study promotes development of energy-
efficient technologies for development of Conclusions
environment friendly transport system. The
The important conclusions drawn from this
advance technologies can be applied to encourage
study are:
clean

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Dewangan T et al. J. Adv. Res. Auto. Tech. Transp. Sys. 2017; 1(1&2)

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