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Note No. Rev Sheet No

CONSTRUMA CONSULTANCY PVT. LTD. YB/PC/92/1+2+3/05 R3
PROJECT Bridge Over Yamuna River at Vazirabad, New Delhi. Date Calc. by: Chk by: App. by:

SUBJECT Detailed Design Calculations of Pier Well Foundation P21 2010.04.02 VVP/AMS GPS HSR

Design of substructure and foundation at P21

Contents

1 Introduction
2 Notations & Sign conventions
3 Construction Materials
4 Geotechnical data
5 Hydrological data
6 Loads from superstructure
7 Details of substructure and foundation & Evaluation of Dead loads
8 Evaluation of Water current forces
9 Evaluation of Wind forces (Fw)
10 Evaluation of Seismic forces (Feq)
11 Summary of forces at pier base & Check for maximum flexural and shear stresses
12 Summary of forces at foundation at top of curb & Founding Level
13 Check for maximum base pressure & minimum factor of safety against sliding and overturning
14 Check for maximum stresses in bottom plug & cover slab
15 Check for maximum stresses in well steining
16 Check for maximum stresses in well curb
17 Check for maximum stresses in well cap
18 Conclusions

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Note No. Rev Sheet No
CONSTRUMA CONSULTANCY PVT. LTD. YB/PC/92/1+2+3/05 R3
PROJECT Bridge Over Yamuna River at Vazirabad, New Delhi. Date Calc. by: Chk by: App. by:

SUBJECT Detailed Design Calculations of Pier Well Foundation P21 2010.04.02 VVP/AMS GPS HSR

1 Introduction

The following pages present the detailed design calculations pertaining to the well foundation of Pier P21d/s.The design takes into account
Dead & Superimposed Dead Loads, Live Loads, Water Current forces, Wind & Seismic Loads as applicable and as stipulated in IRC Codes
& Standards, referred below.

Founding Depth is decided on the basis of the Geotechnical Investigation Report. As per the Report, rock is available at 181.15m (d/s end)
and 184.9m (u/s end). The design has been done for the lowest founding level i.e.,180.5m (d/s end). Bearing Pressure considered in design as
per soil investigation report is 900kPa.

Since the well is resting on the rock, no soil support on the sides has been assumed in the design.

References

Design criteria for Foundataions & substructure YB/PC/92/R4 dated 14th March 2008 from CCPL

Codes
IRC 78-2000 Standard specifications & Code of practice for Road bridges - Section VII Foundations and Substructure
IRC 6 - 2000 Standard specifications & Code of practice for Road bridges - Section II Loads and stresses
IRC 21 - 2000 Standard specifications & Code of practice for Road bridges - Section III Cement concrete (plain and reinforced)
IS 1893: 1984 Criteria for earthquake resistant design of structures - superceded by 2002 version but referred for evaluating hydrodynamic force

Bibliography
Young, W.C., Roark's formulas for stress and strain , 6th edition, McGraw Hill Book Co., Singapore

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Note No. Rev Sheet No
CONSTRUMA CONSULTANCY PVT. LTD. YB/PC/92/1+2+3/05 R3
PROJECT Bridge Over Yamuna River at Vazirabad, New Delhi. Date Calc. by: Chk by: App. by:

SUBJECT Detailed Design Calculations of Pier Well Foundation P21 2010.04.02 VVP/AMS GPS HSR

2 Notations & Sign conventions

Tensile stress,Fs in steel +ve Compressive stress,Fc in concrete +ve
Clockwise moment +ve Forces & moments given as per vector convention

fdc = permissible direect compressive stress ffc = permissible flexible compressive stress in concrete
ft = permissible tensile stress in plain concrete fft = permissble tensile stress in flexure, shear or combined bending
fs = permissible stress in reinforcement ffh = permissble tension in helical reinforcement
Mr = flexural moment in radial direction in well cap Mt = flexural moment in tangential direction in well cap
yn = depth of neutral axis of RC section under axial load & moment Mts = moment due to tilt & shift of the well
lozI = anchorage length in bonding zone I (favorable) lozII = anchorage length in bonding zone II (unfavorable) = 1.4*lozI
max = permissible maximum shear stress in concrete sbp = safe bearing pressure

HFL = high flood level LWL = low water level MSL = maximum scour level
HFL_ns & MSL_ns = HFL & MSL at check-flood condition (check flood) HFL_s & MSL_s = HFL & MSL at normal+seismic condition (normal flood)
Hl, Ht = horizontal force in the longitudinal (i.e., traffic) direction & transverse direction
Ml, Mt = moment in the longitudinal (i.e., traffic) direction & transverse direction
Hnet = net horizontal force = √(Hl2+Ht2) Mnet = net moment incl. Mts in the resultant direction = √(Ml2+Mt2) + Mts

Typical reinft notation,e.g, 35T16-27-200-AP-TT

where 35 → Total number of rebars in a group
T → Deformed bar R → Plain round bar 16 → Dia in mm of rebar 27 → Bar mark (given on the drg)
200 → Spacing in mm of rebars
AP → rebars Alternately Placed AS → rebars Alternately Staggered
EF → rebars provided on Each Face
NF → rebars provided on Near Face FF → rebars provided on Far Face
TT → rebars placed on Topmost layer in a slab T → rebars placed on Top layer in a slab
BB → rebars placed on Bottommost layer in a slab B → rebars placed on Bottom layer in a slab

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Note No. Rev Sheet No
CONSTRUMA CONSULTANCY PVT. LTD. YB/PC/92/1+2+3/05 R3
PROJECT Bridge Over Yamuna River at Vazirabad, New Delhi. Date Calc. by: Chk by: App. by:

SUBJECT Detailed Design Calculations of Pier Well Foundation P21 2010.04.02 VVP/AMS GPS HSR

3 Construction Materials
Concrete: IRC:21 Poisson's ratio,  = 0.15 modular ratio, m = Es/Ecd = 10
fck wt density
Element ffc(MPa) ft(MPa) fdc(MPa) max(MPa) Ecs(GPa) anchLoI/ LapL25%
(MPa) (kN/m³)
50 Pier & pier cap 24 16.67 0.67 12.50 2.5 35 42 58.8
40 Well cap & well curb 24 13.33 0.67 10.00 2.5 33 42 58.8
35 Well steining & cover slab over bottom plug 24 11.67 0.67 8.75 2.3 32 42 58.8
25 Bottom plug 22
10 top plug 22 anchrage length in zone II = 1.4*loI

Fy min reinforcement
(MPa) Reinforcement fft(MPa) fdc(MPa) fth(MPa) Es(GPa) beam slab column pedestal
500 Deformed bar 240 205 95 200 0.20% 0.12% 0.80% 0.15%

concrete cover(m) to rebar: minimum = 0.075

wt density(kN/m³): Sand filling in well = 18 water inside = 9.81

Bearings transmitting superstructure forces & movements

bearing type 4pot, free sliding bearing friction = 4%

4 Geotechnical data
Foundation at ground Lvl(m) rock Lvl(m) fdg strata sbp(kPa)
Pier P22 d/s 204.10 181.15 rock 900 being deeper adopted for design
u/s 205.20 184.90 rock 900

5 Hydrological data
condtion  checkFlood normal & seismic
HFL(m) 209.70 207.90 LWL(m) = 202.00
mean current velocity(m/s) 3.80 3.04
MSL(m): d/s pier 181.15 181.50
u/s pier 184.90 184.90

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Note No. Rev Sheet No
CONSTRUMA CONSULTANCY PVT. LTD. YB/PC/92/1+2+3/05 R3
PROJECT Bridge Over Yamuna River at Vazirabad, New Delhi. Date Calc. by: Chk by: App. by:

SUBJECT Detailed Design Calculations of Pier Well Foundation P21 2010.04.02 VVP/AMS GPS HSR

Pore pressure in substructure/foundation: 15%

buoyancy considered for bearing pressure check: 50% i.e.., shattered & porous strata at founding level
& 100% i.e., completely shattered & thoroughly porous strata at founding level
defying available detailed geotechnical report for the site
& ignoring elaborate arrangement made for grouting of any fissures in FS
6 Loads from superstructure
Referring to Design criteria for Foundataions & substructure YB/PC/92/R4 dated 14th March 2008 from CCPL
permissible increase in min.contact area
Load combination V(kN) Hl(kN) Ht(kN)
str.concrete soil rock
I 12,500 500 80%
IIIA 13,000 520 33% 25% 80%
VI - Seismic longitudinal 13,500 540 50% 25% 67%
VI - Seismic transverse 13,500 540 50% 25% 67%
Since the pier transfers loads from superstructure through pot bearings with free sliding arrangement, horizontal forces at top have been obtained as *V

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Note No. Rev Sheet No
CONSTRUMA CONSULTANCY PVT. LTD. YB/PC/92/1+2+3/05 R3
PROJECT Bridge Over Yamuna River at Vazirabad, New Delhi. Date Calc. by: Chk by: App. by:

SUBJECT Detailed Design Calculations of Pier Well Foundation P21 2010.04.02 VVP/AMS GPS HSR

7 Details of substructure and foundation & Evaluation of Dead loads

7.1 Substructure topLvl(m) adopted: 213.85

check-flood normal & seismic

Pier shaft portion -> above HFL_ns below HFL_ns above HFL_s below HFL_s diaphragm LWL
Top level(m) 213.850 209.700 213.85 207.900 top bottom 202.00
Height(m) 4.15 7.70 5.95 5.90 0.00
Outer section: Central portion
at top: Width(m)along bridge..Dia(m) 2.00 2.00
at bottom: Width(m)along bridge..Dia(m) 2.00 2.00
Cutwater portion: at top: shape in plan circular1 circular 1
Overall breadth(m) 2.00 2.00
at bottom: shape in plan circular1 circular 1
Overall breadth(m) 2.00 2.00
Drag coefficint,K: Transverse 0.66 0.66
longtdl 0.66 0.66
Cross-sectional area(m²): at top: outer 3.14 3.14
net 3.14 3.14 3.14 3.14
at bottom: outer 3.14 3.14
net 3.14 3.14 3.14 3.14 3.14
Concrete Vol(m³) 13.0 24.2 18.7 18.5 0.00 0.00
Wt(kN) 313 581 449 445 0 0
Level(m) of centre of mass 211.78 205.85 210.88 204.95

V(m³/ea) = 37.2 wt(kN/ea) = 893 level of cg(m) = 207.93

Reinforcement: vertical direction 052T25 Total Asv(mm²) = 25,525 cc(m) = 0.100 rs(m) = 0.888
horizontal T12-300 Ash(mm 2/m) = 377.0 Asv/Ac = 0.81%
Transformed section properties:at base A(m 2) =Ac*(1+m*Asv/Ac) = 3.40 I(m4) = *d4/64+m*As*ds2/8 = 0.89
full buoyancy(kN): HFL_ns condition -237 HFL_s condition: -182

For calculation of transverse shear stress, eff.depth(m) = r+2*r s/= 1.565 concrete shear strength(MPa),c = 0.39

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Note No. Rev Sheet No
CONSTRUMA CONSULTANCY PVT. LTD. YB/PC/92/1+2+3/05 R3
PROJECT Bridge Over Yamuna River at Vazirabad, New Delhi. Date Calc. by: Chk by: App. by:

SUBJECT Detailed Design Calculations of Pier Well Foundation P21 2010.04.02 VVP/AMS GPS HSR

7.2 Details of foundations FdgLvl(m) = 181.15 sump invert(m) 180.50

Well cap topLvl(m) = 202.00
Shape in plan circular1 Dia(m) = 9.0 thk(m) = 2.60
V(m³/ea) = 165.4 Wt(kN) = 3,970 plate constant(MNm), D = E*t3/12/(1-2) = 48,697

Well
Type of cross-section single 1circular Top Lvl(m) = 199.40 Steining factor,K = 0.033
sinking depth(m): total, l = 18.25 up to splay top 9.40 jackdown force(kN) used for enhancing sinking = 20,000
Outer dia(m): above curb, d = 11.0 below well cap, d1 = 9.0 Dredge hole dia(m) = 7.00
reduction in outer dia from RL 187.000 splay: 1 in 3 splay len(m) = 3.0 splay top lvl(m) 190.000
as per IRC78, minimum steining thk(m) reqd: below MSL=k*d*l = 1.55 above taper = k*d 1 *l = 0.91
max shift(m) @ bottom(i.e.,FL) = 0.15 max tilt(1H:nV) : 80
total tilt & shift(m) at FL: 0.378 at top of curb 0.328

Steining max ht(m) between CJ 7.0 "reinforced" no 2

above curb splay portion near well cap
height(m) 1.80 3.00 9.40
displaced volume (m3) 171 238 598
considering jackdown force, thk(m) adopted 2.00 1.5 1.00
concrete cross-sectional area, Ac(m2) 56.55 40.84 25.13
concrete volume(m 3) 101.8 122.5 236.2
cyl.shell constant: (1/m) = [3*(1-2)/R2/t2]1/4 0.39 0.40 0.62
6/(m) 15.2 15.0 9.7
D(MNm) = E*t3/12/(1-2) 21,483 9,063 2,685
transformed section: A(m 2) 57.26 25.59
2nd moment of area. I(m 4) 606.38 207.91

total wt(kN) = 11,053 Level(m) of c.g. = 193.45 total ht(m) = 14.20

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Note No. Rev Sheet No
CONSTRUMA CONSULTANCY PVT. LTD. YB/PC/92/1+2+3/05 R3
PROJECT Bridge Over Yamuna River at Vazirabad, New Delhi. Date Calc. by: Chk by: App. by:

SUBJECT Detailed Design Calculations of Pier Well Foundation P21 2010.04.02 VVP/AMS GPS HSR

Details of reinforcement cc → concrete cover

reqd near curb & in splayed portion near cap
min. Location of section
As/Ac provided As(mm²) As/Ac cc(m) provided As(mm²) Asv/Ac cc(m)
0.06% Vertical: outer face 114T20 35,814 0.063% 0.097 114T16 22,921 0.091% 0.093
0.06% inner face 114T20 35,814 0.063% 0.097 114T16 22,921 0.091% 0.093
0.02% Hoop reinft on each face T12-300 377.0 0.019% 0.075 T10-300 261.8 0.026% 0.075
tie rebar between outer & inner face vert.rebars:size(mm) T08 vert.spacing(m) 0.65
grouting hole: dia(mm) 100 spacing(m) = 3 dia(m) of $ 7.5 total # 8

check flood normal & seismic

condition
above MSL_ns below MSL_ns above MSL_s below MSL_s
concrete volume (m³) 460.6 0.0 460.6 0.0
weight(kN) 11,053 0 11,053 0

Curb: internal angle(o) = 30

projection(m) from steining = 0.075 OD(m) = 11.150
width(m) at: top 2.075 bottom 0.210 straight len(m) above taper 0.3
ht(m) above cutting edge, Hc = 3.530 adopted 3.550
c.g.: diameter(m), D c = 9.66 location(m) from top of curb 1.08 Ac(m²) 4.34
Bottom lvl(m) 181.650 Top lvl(m) 185.200 displaced volume(m3) 356
V(m³) 131.5 Wt(kN) 3,157
Reinft (excl. bond rod): hoop 048T32 Ash(mm²) = 38,604 Ash/Ac = 0.89% wt(kN) 90.2
Stirrup sets: 078T12 Length(m/ea): set 1 2.53 set 2 5.89 wt(kN) 5.7
total wt(kN/m3) 0.73 > 0.72 kN/m 3 minimum reqd as per IRC:78

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Note No. Rev Sheet No
CONSTRUMA CONSULTANCY PVT. LTD. YB/PC/92/1+2+3/05 R3
PROJECT Bridge Over Yamuna River at Vazirabad, New Delhi. Date Calc. by: Chk by: App. by:

SUBJECT Detailed Design Calculations of Pier Well Foundation P21 2010.04.02 VVP/AMS GPS HSR

Cutting edge made of plates 2 bottom level(m) of cutting edge 181.550

Slope horiz(mm) vert(mm) offset(mm)

1 200 125 15
2 1,865 3,230

bottom ht(m) = 0.100

spacer plate: width(mm) = 30 thk(mm) = 10
avg length(mm) = 382 total number = 24
location(mm) from top = 30 wt(kN/ea) = 0.0088
dia(m) of c.g.line = 10.922
total wt(kN) = 35.9
per/m: 1.05 > 0.4kN/m reqd as per IRC:78
Evaluation of total cross-sectional area & c.g. of the assembly of plates
cg location from outer corner
Plate: width(mm) thk(mm) A(mm 2) A*x(mm 3) Ay(mm3)
x(mm) y(mm)
200 10 -5 0 2,000 -10,000 0
500 10 5 250 5,000 25,000 1,250,000
235.8 10 110 77.5 2,358 259,434 182,783
415.7 10 304 190 4,157 1,263,384 789,815
113.8 164.4 13,515 1,537,819 2,222,599

Bottom plug:
projection(m)above curb = 0.3 SphrclDipHt(m) = 0.00 Total Ht(m) = 3.95
topLvl(m): 185.5 V(m³) = 275.5 Wt(kN) = 6,060
as per §705.3.2 of IRC:78: Dowel bars reqd 06T25 length(m/ea) (50% embedded in rock) 3.0
borehole dia(mm) 65 grouted with cement mortar 1:1.5

Cover slab over bottom plug to resist any direct upward pressure due to non-spherical shape of plug Thk(m) = 1.50 topLvl(m)= 187.000
int. projection(m) = 0.4 recess wid(m) 0.4 clear dia(m),D 7.00 wt(kN) 1,385

Sand filling:
thickness(m) = 11.900 Vol(m3) = 458 Wt(kN) = 8,243 topLvl(m): 198.900

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Note No. Rev Sheet No
CONSTRUMA CONSULTANCY PVT. LTD. YB/PC/92/1+2+3/05 R3
PROJECT Bridge Over Yamuna River at Vazirabad, New Delhi. Date Calc. by: Chk by: App. by:

SUBJECT Detailed Design Calculations of Pier Well Foundation P21 2010.04.02 VVP/AMS GPS HSR

Top plug:
thickness(m) = 0.5 V(m³) = 19.24 wt(kN) = 423 topLvl(m): 199.400

Water above top plug: depth(m) = 0 wt(kN) = 0

Steel ring at bottom to cast I stage of bottom plug

dia(m),D = 5.5 height(m),H= 3.5 wall thk(mm),t 6 H2/D/t = 361

Summary of weight & buoyancy

weight(kN) at full buoyancy
fdg lvl MSL_ns MSL_s (kN) at FL
well cap 3,970 3,970 3,970 -1,623
steining: above splay 5,670 5,670 5,670 -5,866
splay portion 2,941 2,941 2,941 -2,335
below splay 2,443 2,443 2,443 -1,678
curb 3,157 3,157 3,157 -3,400
cutting edge 36 36 36
water above top plug 0 0 0
top plug 423 423 423
sand filling 8,243 8,243 8,243
cover slab over bottom plug 1,385 1,385 1,385
bottom plug 6,060 6,060 5,573 -766
total 34,328 33,841 -15,668

equivalent udl(kPa):bottom & top plug+sand filling+cover slab: 165

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Note No. Rev Sheet No
CONSTRUMA CONSULTANCY PVT. LTD. YB/PC/92/1+2+3/05 R3
PROJECT Bridge Over Yamuna River at Vazirabad, New Delhi. Date Calc. by: Chk by: App. by:

SUBJECT Detailed Design Calculations of Pier Well Foundation P21 2010.04.02 VVP/AMS GPS HSR

8 Evaluation of Water current forces

Flow angle(°) 20 water pressure(kPa), P = 0.52*K*V2
Pressure coef: transverse 0.88 longitudinal 0.12

check flood condition top level HFL IL 205.85 pier base splay top splay bottom well
depth(m) from MSL 28.55 24.70 20.85 8.85 5.85
Square of velocity of water current(m²/s²) 28.9 25.0 21.1 9.0 5.9
Transverse direction: b(m) 2.0 2.0 2.0 9.0 11.0
9.0
water pressure, p(kN/m) 17.5 15.1 12.8 24.4 19.7
57.5
Ht(kN) 62.8 53.8 491.7 66.2 205.7
Acting @ RL(m) 207.82 203.98 195.37 188.55 185.05
Longitudinal direction: b(m) 2.00 2.00 2.00 9.0 11.0
9.00
water pressure, p(kN/m) 2.3 2.0 1.7 3.2 2.6
7.6
Hl(kN) 8.3 7.1 65.1 8.8 27.2
Acting @ RL(m) 207.82 203.98 195.37 188.55 185.05
normal / seismic condition top level HFL IL 204.95 pier base splay top splay bottom well
depth(m) from MSL 26.40 23.45 20.50 8.50 5.50
Square of velocity of water current(m²/s²) 18.5 16.4 14.4 6.0 3.9
Transverse direction: b(m)

water pressure, p(kN/m) 11.2 10.0 8.7 16.2 12.8

39.1
Ht(kN) 31.2 27.5 332.3 43.6 131.6
Acting @ RL(m) 206.45 203.51 195.40 188.56 185.17
Longitudinal direction: b(m)
water pressure, p(kN/m) 1.5 1.3 1.2 2.2 1.7
5.2
Hl(kN) 4.1 3.6 44.0 5.8 17.4
Acting @ RL(m) 206.45 203.51 195.40 188.56 185.17

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Note No. Rev Sheet No
CONSTRUMA CONSULTANCY PVT. LTD. YB/PC/92/1+2+3/05 R3
PROJECT Bridge Over Yamuna River at Vazirabad, New Delhi. Date Calc. by: Chk by: App. by:

SUBJECT Detailed Design Calculations of Pier Well Foundation P21 2010.04.02 VVP/AMS GPS HSR

Note: Direction of friction forces at top of pier may vary from 0 to 45o. Flow angle of 20o is predominant
on well and by adopting the same, results are not much compromised

Hydrodynamic forces during earhquake evaluated as per IS:1893-1984

pier well
longitudinal transverse above splay splay portion belowSplay curb
radius(m) of enveloping cylinder , r 1.0 1.0 4.5 5 5.5 5.575
ht(m) from HFL to bottom of enveloping cylinder, Hbottom 5.90 17.90 20.90 22.70 26.40
Hbottom/r 5.90 5.90 3.98 4.18 4.13 4.74
coef., Ce from Table 7 of IS:1893-1984 0.730 0.730 0.729 0.730 0.730 0.730
C1 = Htop/Hbottom = 0.330 0.856 0.921 0.860
as per §6.5.2.1 of IS1893-1984, C3 = 0.215 0.828 0.905 0.832
horizontal force(kN), F = Ce*h*W ep: total height 814 1,176 1,545 1,846
top portion -175 -973 -1,398 -1,536
net value, F = Fb - Ft = 13 13 639 202 147 310
point(m) of application from bottom, C 4*H of force: Fb 2.53 2.53 7.67 8.96 9.73 11.32
Ft 14.193 10.509 10.660 13.228
i.e., net value acting at RL(m) 204.53 204.53 195.89 188.50 186.08 183.35

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Note No. Rev Sheet No
CONSTRUMA CONSULTANCY PVT. LTD. YB/PC/92/1+2+3/05 R3
PROJECT Bridge Over Yamuna River at Vazirabad, New Delhi. Date Calc. by: Chk by: App. by:

SUBJECT Detailed Design Calculations of Pier Well Foundation P21 2010.04.02 VVP/AMS GPS HSR

9 Evaluation of Wind forces (F w)

Ht(m) of deck above LWL = 14.80
Shape factor for: superstructure = 1.0 for pier = 0.7
Loaded structure:
Basic wind velocity(km/hr) max: 130 & wind pressure(kPa) = 1.1  as per table 6 of IRC:6
On vehicle: Intensity(kN/m) = 3.0 acting at (m) above RL: 1.5

Unloaded structure
wind pressure(kPa): during service = 2.4  not governing compared to other load cases

RL(m)-LWL(m) = 14.80
Angle(°) of incidence = 0 Pressure coef: transverse 1.0 longitudinal: 0.0

Mean level Exposed height Length p(kPa or wind force

P(kN)
(m) (m) (m) kN/m) Ht(kN) Hl(kN)
Pier: above HFL_ns 211.78 4.15 2.00 0.5 4.2 4.2 0.0
HFL_ns to LWL or pier base 205.85 7.70 2.00 0.2 3.1 3.1 0.0
Well foundation above LWL 202.00 0.00 9.00 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

10 Evaluation of Seismic forces (Feq)

adopted: h = 10% v = 5% Coexisting LL = 50%

Mass Level(m) seismic force

(Mg) of cg H(kN) V(kN) ±
Substructure incl. bearings & pedestals 91 207.93 89 45
Well cap 405 200.70 397 198
Well steining: above splay 578 194.70 567 283
splay portion 300 188.50 294 147
below splay 249 186.10 244 122
Water above top plug 0 199.40 0 0
Top plug 43 199.15 42 21
Sand filling 840 192.95 824 412
cover slab above bottom plug 141 186.25 139 69
bottom plug 568 183.50 557 279
Well curb above MSL_s 322 183.43 316 158

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Note No. Rev Sheet No
CONSTRUMA CONSULTANCY PVT. LTD. YB/PC/92/1+2+3/05 R3
PROJECT Bridge Over Yamuna River at Vazirabad, New Delhi. Date Calc. by: Chk by: App. by:

SUBJECT Detailed Design Calculations of Pier Well Foundation P21 2010.04.02 VVP/AMS GPS HSR

11 Summary of forces at pier base & Check for maximum flexural and shear stresses

Summary of forces & moments @bottom of pier: RL(m) 202.00 pier cap top to pier base 11.85
Basic loads V(kN) Hl(kN) Ml(kNm) Ht(kN) Mt(kNm)
G Loads from superstructure: LC I 12,500 500 5,925 0 0
IIIA 13,000 0 0 520 6,162
VI SL 13,500 540 6,399 0 0
VI ST 13,500 0 0 540 6,399
substructure 893
Fwc Water current effects: with MSL_ns -36 15 63 117 472
with MSL_s -27 8 24 59 180
Fep Earth pressure
Fw Wind force on: substructure above LWL 0 0 7 53
Feq Seismic force on: substructure
longitudinal (Sx & -Sy) -45 103 563
transverse (Sz & -Sy) -45 103 563

Load combination Hres(kN) Mres(kNm)

I 13,358 515 5,988 117 472 632 6,460
IIIA 13,858 15 63 644 6,687 659 6,750
VI (Seismic Longitudinal) 14,322 643 6,962 0 472 643 7,434
VI (Seismic transverse) 14,322 8 24 701 7,142 709 7,166

results of 'Bending + Thrust' analysis max.shear permissible value (MPa)

Load combination
yn(m) fbc(MPa) fst(MPa) stress (MPa) bc st c
I 1.36 13.1 30 0.20 16.7 240 0.39
IIIA 1.35 13.7 32 0.21 22.2 319 0.52
VI (Seismic Longitudinal) 1.32 14.6 37 0.21 25.0 360 0.59
VI (Seismic transverse) 1.37 13.8 30 0.23 25.0 360 0.59

maximum shear strss,  = Hres/bv/d No shear reinforcement is reqd

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Note No. Rev Sheet No
CONSTRUMA CONSULTANCY PVT. LTD. YB/PC/92/1+2+3/05 R3
PROJECT Bridge Over Yamuna River at Vazirabad, New Delhi. Date Calc. by: Chk by: App. by:

SUBJECT Detailed Design Calculations of Pier Well Foundation P21 2010.04.02 VVP/AMS GPS HSR

12 Summary of forces at foundation at top of curb & Founding Level

12.1 Summary of forces at top of well curb 185.20 185.20 pier cap top to top of curb 28.65 28.65

Item V(kN) Hl(kN) Ml(kNm) Ht(kN) Mt(kNm) Mts(kNm)

G Loads from superstructure: LC I 12,500 500 14,325 0 0 4,094
IIIA 13,000 0 0 520 14,898 4,258
VI SL 13,500 540 15,471 0 0 4,421
VI ST 13,500 0 0 540 15,471 4,421
substructure 893 0 293
Well foundation including well cap 15,023 1,686
Fwc Water current effects: with MSL_ns -957 117 1,010 880 7,625 -157
with MSL_s -948 75 622 566 4,697 -155
Fep Earth pressure
Fw Wind force on: substr/fdn above LWL
Feq Seismic force on: substr/fdn above curb
longitudinal (Sx & -Sy) -796 3,771 29,049
transverse (Sz & -Sy) -796 3,771 29,049

Load combination Hnet(kN) Mnet(kNm)

I 27,460 617 15,335 880 7,625 1,075 23,041
IIIA 27,960 117 1,010 1,400 22,523 1,405 28,625
VI (Seismic Longitudinal) 27,672 4,386 45,142 566 4,697 4,422 47,209
VI (Seismic transverse) 27,672 75 622 4,877 49,217 4,877 55,465

Note: Hnet = √(Hl2+Ht2) Mnet = √(Ml2+Mt2) + Mts pore pressure at 15% considered

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Note No. Rev Sheet No
CONSTRUMA CONSULTANCY PVT. LTD. YB/PC/92/1+2+3/05 R3
PROJECT Bridge Over Yamuna River at Vazirabad, New Delhi. Date Calc. by: Chk by: App. by:

SUBJECT Detailed Design Calculations of Pier Well Foundation P21 2010.04.02 VVP/AMS GPS HSR

12.2 Summary of forces at founding lvl(m) 181.15 pier cap to fdg level: check-flood 32.70 normal & seismic 32.70
Item V(kN) Hl(kN) Ml(kNm) Ht(kN) Mt(kNm) Mts(kNm)
G Loads from superstructure: LC I 12,500 500 16,350 0 0 4,727
IIIA 13,000 0 0 520 17,004 4,916
VI SL 13,500 540 17,658 0 0 5,105
VI ST 13,500 0 0 540 17,658 4,421
substructure 893 0 338
Well foundation including well cap 34,328 4,368
Fwc Water current effects: with MSL_ns 117 1,482 880 11,189 0
with MSL_s 75 926 566 6,989 0
Fep Earth pressure
Fw Wind force on: substr/fdn above LWL
Feq Seismic force on: substr/fdn above MSL_s
longitudinal (Sx & -Sy) -1,735 4,782 47,054
transverse (Sz & -Sy) -1,735 4,782 47,054
longitudinal (Sx & +Sy) 1,735 4,782 47,054
transverse (Sz & +Sy) 1,735 4,782 47,054
Gb Buoyancy:at 50%: check-flood condition -7,953 -1,302
normal+seismic condition -7,925 -1,298
Buoyancy:at 100%: check-flood condition -15,906 -2,605
normal+seismic condition -15,850 -2,595
Load combination V(kN) Hl(kN) Ml(kNm) Ht(kN) Mt(kNm) Hnet(kN) Mnet(kNm)
Buoyancy at 50%
I (check flood condition) 39,769 617 17,832 880 11,189 1,075 29,183
IIIA (check flood condition) 40,269 117 1,482 1,400 28,193 1,405 36,552
VI (Sx & +Sy) 42,531 5,397 65,638 566 6,989 5,427 74,522
VI (Sz & + Sy) 42,531 75 926 5,888 71,702 5,889 80,221
Buoyancy at 100%
I (check flood condition) 32,316 617 17,832 880 11,189 1,075 27,880
IIIA (check flood condition) 32,316 117 1,482 1,400 28,193 1,405 35,250
VI (Sx & -Sy) 31,137 5,397 65,638 566 6,989 5,427 73,225
VI (Sz & -Sy) 31,137 75 926 5,888 71,702 5,889 78,923

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Note No. Rev Sheet No
CONSTRUMA CONSULTANCY PVT. LTD. YB/PC/92/1+2+3/05 R3
PROJECT Bridge Over Yamuna River at Vazirabad, New Delhi. Date Calc. by: Chk by: App. by:

SUBJECT Detailed Design Calculations of Pier Well Foundation P21 2010.04.02 VVP/AMS GPS HSR

13 Check for maximum base pressure & minimum factor of safety against sliding and overturning
Base area,A(m²) = 97.6 Z(m³) = 136.1 radius, r(m) = 5.575 buoyancy considered: 100%

Referring to Table 27 of Roark's formulas for stress and strain ,

e/r = (/8-/4-5*sin*cos/12+sin3*cos/6)/(cos-cos3/3-*sin/2+*sin)
max p = P/A**(1-sin)/(cos-cos3/3-*sin/2+*sin)
contact area = r2/2*(-2*-sin(2*)
Load combination I IIIA VI - SL VI - ST Remarks
a) Check for maximum base pressure & minimum contact area
Buoyancy at 100% & -Sy
axial force, N(kN) 32,316 32,316 31,137 31,137
moment, M(kNm) 27,880 35,250 73,225 78,923
axial pressure, N/A(kPa) 331 331 319 319
e/r 0.155 0.196 0.422 0.455
assumed (rad) -1.571 -1.571 -0.465 -0.364
Base contact length(m)=r*(1-sin ) 11.15 11.15 8.07 7.56
evaluated e/r 0.155 0.196 0.422 0.455
base pressure: pmin(kPa) 126 72 0 0
pmax(kPa) 536 590 925 1,005 OK
permissible value 900 1,125 1,125 1,125
contact area/base area 100.0% 100.0% 77.6% 72.2% OK
required minimum value 80% 80% 67% 67%
Base Pressure at Centre of well pc(kPa) 331 331 286 264

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Note No. Rev Sheet No
CONSTRUMA CONSULTANCY PVT. LTD. YB/PC/92/1+2+3/05 R3
PROJECT Bridge Over Yamuna River at Vazirabad, New Delhi. Date Calc. by: Chk by: App. by:

SUBJECT Detailed Design Calculations of Pier Well Foundation P21 2010.04.02 VVP/AMS GPS HSR

Buoyancy at 50% & +Sy

axial force, N(kN) 39,769 40,269 42,531 42,531
moment, M(kNm) 29,183 36,552 74,522 80,221
axial pressure, N/A(kPa) 407 412 436 436
e/r 0.132 0.163 0.314 0.338
assumed (rad) -1.571 -1.571 -0.886 -0.773
Base contact length(m)=r*(1-sin ) 11.15 11.15 9.89 9.47
evaluated e/r 0.132 0.163 0.314 0.338
base pressure: pmin(kPa) 193 144 0 0
pmax(kPa) 622 681 991 1,042 OK
contact area/base area 100.0% 100.0% 93.8% 90.5% OK
Base Pressure at Centre of well pc(kPa) 407 412 432 428

b) Check for sliding under lateral forces with Buoyancy at 100% & -Sy

horizontal force, H(kN) 1,075 1,405 5,427 5,889

Frictional froce(kN) at base, Hf 22,621 22,621 21,796 21,796
FoS against sliding = Hf/H 21.1 16.1 4.0 3.7 OK
min FoS required 1.5 1.5 1.25 1.25

c) Check for FoS against overturning with Buoyancy at 100% & -Sy

Restoring moment(kNm), M r = P*r = 180,161 180,161 173,586 173,586

FoS against overturning = Mr/Mo = 6.5 5.1 2.4 2.2 OK
min FoS required 2.0 2.0 1.5 1.5

permissible base friction factor as per § 706.3.4 of IRC 78,  = 0.7

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Note No. Rev Sheet No
CONSTRUMA CONSULTANCY PVT. LTD. YB/PC/92/1+2+3/05 R3
PROJECT Bridge Over Yamuna River at Vazirabad, New Delhi. Date Calc. by: Chk by: App. by:

SUBJECT Detailed Design Calculations of Pier Well Foundation P21 2010.04.02 VVP/AMS GPS HSR

14 Check for maximum stresses in bottom plug & cover slab

14.1 Bottom plug
Under LW: Net upward pressure(kPa) 117.6 M(kNm) @ centre =p*D 2*(3+)/64= 283.7 Fct(MPa)=6*M/b/t2 = 0.11

14.2 Cover slab over bottom plug

effective dia(m) = 7.4 radial moment(kNm/m) at centre = p*D 2/64*(3+) = 886
net upward pressure(kPa),p = 329

T25-170
orthogonal reinft at centre: in each direction at top 2,887 deff(m) = 1.40 yn(m) = 0.174 Ieff(m4/m)= 0.0451
at midspan:max.compr.stress(MPa) in concrete = 3.4 max.tensile stress(MPa) in reinft. = 240.7

15 Check for maximum stresses in well steining

Section at top of curb MSL to top of curb -4.05 -3.700 addl. wt(kN) 0 0
transofrmed section: A(m 2/m) 2.03 cg(m)from inner face 1.00 I(m4/m) 0.687 perimeter(m) = 28.27
Load combination V(kN) Hnet(kN) Mnet(kNm) fbc(MPa) fbt(MPa) fst(MPa)
I 27,460 1,075 23,041 0.69 0.27 2.7
IIIA 27,960 1,405 28,625 0.75 0.23 2.3
VI (Seismic Longitudinal) 27,672 4,422 47,209 0.91 0.06 0.6
VI (Seismic transverse) 27,672 4,877 55,465 0.99 -0.02 -0.2

Section at top of splay perimeter(m) at centre line = 25.13

Load combination V(kN) Hnet(kN) Mnet(kNm) fbc(MPa) fbt(MPa) fst(MPa)
I 25,167 1,075 21,107 1.44 0.53 5.3
IIIA 25,667 1,405 26,096 1.57 0.44 4.4
VI (Seismic Longitudinal) 25,379 4,422 39,249 1.84 0.14 -0.5
VI (Seismic transverse) 25,379 4,877 46,686 2.00 -0.02 -0.2

Investigation for the local effect of thickening in steining

At top of splay: axial load(kN/m) = 1,001 horizontal component(kN/m) of the inclined strut from below, P = 167
Referring to Table 29 of Roark's handbook, peak value of longitudinal moment(kNm/m) in the shell = P/4/ = 68
max. flexural stress(MPa) = 0.41 < 0.67and hence ok

At bottom of splay: axial load(kN/m) = 890 horizontal component(kN/m) of the inclined strut from above = 148
peak value of longitudinal moment(kNm/m) in the shell = 94 max. flexural stress(MPa) = 0.14 < 0.67and hence ok

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Note No. Rev Sheet No
CONSTRUMA CONSULTANCY PVT. LTD. YB/PC/92/1+2+3/05 R3
PROJECT Bridge Over Yamuna River at Vazirabad, New Delhi. Date Calc. by: Chk by: App. by:

SUBJECT Detailed Design Calculations of Pier Well Foundation P21 2010.04.02 VVP/AMS GPS HSR

16 Check for maximum stresses in well curb

Bottom plug is subjected to an upward pressure equivalent to mean soil pressure less self weight of the bottom plug, cover slab, sand filling & top plug.
Resuting outward radial thrust exerts hoop tension in well curb which is partially relieved by inward radial force due to water pressure on outer surface.
This net radial force will also cause local bending moment at the well curb - steining junction causing tension on the inner face of the steining.

D(m) = 9.00 r(m) = 2.968

cross-sectional area (m 2) of transfomed section, A t = 4.72 cross-sectional area (mm 2) of cutting edge & rebars = 52,119
Load combination I IIIA VI - SL VI - ST
Buoyancy at 100% & -Sy
outward thrust(kN/m), H out = p*D2/8/r = 566 566 1,015 1,151
inward hydrostatic pressure(kN/m), Hin = (hw1+hw2)/2*Hc*w = 932 932 870 870
net hoop tension(kN), T = (Hout-Hin)*D/2 = -1,769 -1,769 700 1,358
tensile stress(MPa) in concrete = T/At = -0.37 -0.37 0.15 0.29
tensile sress(MPa) in rebar & cutting edge = -34 -34 13 26
in steining: local BM (kNm/m) due to net thrust on curb -396 -396 157 304
accompanying axial force(kN/m) = f c*t = 1,377 1,496 1,823 1,973
max. compressive stress(MPa) in concrete 0.1 0.2 1.1 1.4
max. tensile stress(MPa) in vert.reinft on inner face -13 -13 -7 -5
Buoyancy at 50% & +Sy
outward thrust(kN/m), H out = 826 844 1,127 1,215
net hoop tension(kN), T = -512 -428 1,242 1,665
tensile stress(MPa) in concrete = -0.11 -0.09 0.26 0.35
tensile sress(MPa) in rebar & cutting edge = -10 -8 24 32
in steining: local BM (kNm/m) due to net thrust on curb -115 -96 278 373
accompanying axial force(kN/m) = 1,377 1,496 1,823 1,973
max. compressive stress(MPa) in concrete 0.5 0.6 1.3 1.5
max. tensile stress(MPa) in vert.reinft on inner face -8 -9 -5 -4

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Note No. Rev Sheet No
CONSTRUMA CONSULTANCY PVT. LTD. YB/PC/92/1+2+3/05 R3
PROJECT Bridge Over Yamuna River at Vazirabad, New Delhi. Date Calc. by: Chk by: App. by:

SUBJECT Detailed Design Calculations of Pier Well Foundation P21 2010.04.02 VVP/AMS GPS HSR

17 Check for maximum stresses in well cap Thickness(m) of well cap = 2.60
eff.span/2 = {dredge hole dia + min(width of support, effective depth)}/2 = a(m) = 4.0

Uniform load over a very small central circular area of radius ro Refer to Table 24 of Roark's formulas for stress and strain ,
radius(m) of load from pier, r o = 1.0 equivalent radius(m), ro' = if(ro<t/2, (1.6*r2o+t2)-0.675*t,ro) = 1.136

clamped edge condition Mra = -W/4/ Mta = *Mra

Mr = W/16/*[if(r > ro, {(1+)*(b /a +4*ln(a/r)) -4 + (1-)*b /r }, (1+)*(b /a -4*ln(b/a)-(3+)*r2/b2)]
2 2 2 2 2 2

Mt = W/16/*[if(r > ro, {(1+)*(b2/a2+4*ln(a/r)) -4* - (1-)*b2/r2}, (1+)*(b2/a2-4*ln(b/a)-(1+3*)*r2/b2)]

simply supported edge condition

Mr = W/16/*[if(r > ro, 4*(1+)*ln(a/r)+(1-)*b2*(1/r2-1/a2), 4-(1-)*b2/a2-4*(1+)*ln(b/a)-(3+)*r2/b2]
Mt = W/16/*[if(r > ro, 4*(1+)*ln(a/r)+(1-)*(4-b2*(1/r2+1/a2)), 4-(1+)*b2/a2-4*(1+)*ln(b/a)-(1+3*)*r2/b2]

Central couple on an annular plate b/a = 0.250 Q=M/12/I/r*(D3-d3)

Mr = *M/6/(a if r = b & a2/b if r = a) Mt= *M/12/r + *Mr
edge condition  
clamped 0.439 3.37
simply supported 0.641 3.63

Uniformly distributed pressure from ro to a Qr = if[r<ro,0,-q/2/r*(r2 - ro2)*(r-ro)]

Mc = q*a2*(1+)*{1 - (ro/a)4 - 4*(ro/a)2*ln(a/ro)}/16 Mra = -q/8/a2*(a2 - ro2)2
Mr = Mc - if[r<ro,0,q*r2*{1-(1-)*(1-(ro/r)4)/4-(ro/r)2*(1+(1+)*ln(r/ro))}/4*(r-ro)] Mt = Mc*(1-)+*Mr water weight to be considered no 2
self weight(kPa) 62.4
For clamped edge condition: Mr(kNm/m)=q*a 2(1+-(3+)*r2/a2)/16 Mt(kNm/m) = q*a 2*(1+-(1+3*)*r2/a2)16
For simply supported edge condition: Mr(kNm/m)=q*a 2*(3+)*(1-r2/a2)/16 Mt(kNm/m)=q*a 2(3+-(1+3*)*r2/a2)/16

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Note No. Rev Sheet No
CONSTRUMA CONSULTANCY PVT. LTD. YB/PC/92/1+2+3/05 R3
PROJECT Bridge Over Yamuna River at Vazirabad, New Delhi. Date Calc. by: Chk by: App. by:

SUBJECT Detailed Design Calculations of Pier Well Foundation P21 2010.04.02 VVP/AMS GPS HSR

Since the well cap is constructed monolithic with the steining, the supports can be assumed to be partially fixed. Hence the
moment at centre can be taken as 80% of values form simply supported condition &
moment at support can be taken as 30% of values from encastre condition.
Load combination I IIIA VI - SL VI - ST remarks
V(kN) 13,358 13,858 14,322 14,322
M(kNm) 6,006 6,688 6,978 7,142
max.punching shear stress(MPa)at r(m) = 2.243 0.406 0.421 0.434 0.434
Mr(kNm/m) at r(m): 1.0 2,398 2,538 2,626 2,646
3.5 -351 -369 -381 -383
Mt(kNm) at r(m): 1.0 2,405 2,517 2,600 2,610
3.5 -27 -31 -32 -33
Mr: max.compr.stress(MPa) in concrete at midspan 2.30 2.43 2.52 2.54 OK
support 0.68 0.71 0.74 0.74
permissible 13.33 17.73 20.00 20.00
max.tensile stress(MPa) in reinft. at midspan 124.8 132.1 136.6 137.7 OK
support 78.6 82.6 85.4 85.8
permissible 240.0 319.2 360.0 360.0
Mt: max.compr.stress(MPa) in concrete at midspan 2.30 2.41 2.49 2.50 OK
max.tensile stress(MPa) in reinft. at midspan 125.2 131.0 135.3 135.8 OK

yn = (√(m 2*p2+m*p)-m*p)*d Ieff = yn3/3+m*As*(d-yn)2 fbc = M*yn/Ieff fst = fbc/yn*(d-yn)*m

2
# rebars rebar dia(mm) extent dia(m) spacing(m) As(mm /m) deff(m) yn(m) Ieff(m4/m)
orthogonal reinft at centre: in each direction at bottom 33 40 4.900 0.144 8,720 2.49 0.386 0.4033
at top 33 20 4.900 0.144 2,180 2.51
radial bars near the support: at bottom 132 20 1.975 0.167 1,886
at top 132 20 1.975 0.167 1,886 2.51 0.199 0.1029
hoop reinforcement on each face 12 20 1.975 0.165 1,909 2.51 0.200 0.1041

Note: spacing of radial bar is measured at the edge of the dredge hole max.punching shear stress(MPa) 1.01 side face hoop reinft: 4T16-450

No shear reinforcement is required

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Note No. Rev Sheet No
CONSTRUMA CONSULTANCY PVT. LTD. YB/PC/92/1+2+3/05 R3
PROJECT Bridge Over Yamuna River at Vazirabad, New Delhi. Date Calc. by: Chk by: App. by:

SUBJECT Detailed Design Calculations of Pier Well Foundation P21 2010.04.02 VVP/AMS GPS HSR

18 Conclusions
The well has been checked for various load combinations with service loads, wind forces, check flood & seismic loadings

The well foundation has been checked for maximum base pressure, minimum contact area and minimum factor of safety against sliding & overturning
for all the load combinations considering the founding rock strata to be completely shatterd and thoroughly porous
and found to within the acceptable limits as can be seen from the summary table here below:

Load Combination Maximum base Pressure (kPa) Minimum contact area Min.factor of safety vs
(as per IRC 6 : 2000) Obtained Permissible Obtained Permissible overturning sliding
I 622 900 100.0% 80% 6.5 21.1
IIIA 681 1,125 100.0% 80% 5.1 16.1
VI (Seismic Longitudinal) 991 1,125 77.6% 67% 2.4 4.0
VI (Seismic transverse) 1,042 1,125 72.2% 67% 2.2 3.7

The maximum flexural stresses in concrete & rebars of substructure and well foundation as well as maxumum shear stress have been checked for
all the load combinations and found to be within the permissible limits, as can be seen from the summary table here below:

Maximum flexural Stress (MPa) maximum shear

Load Combination Steining Well cap Pier base stress (MPa)
(as per IRC 6 : 2000) Concrete rebar Concrete rebar Concrete rebar well cap pier
I 1.44 5.3 2.30 125 13.1 30 0.41 0.20
IIIA 1.57 4.4 2.43 132 13.7 32 0.42 0.21
VI (Seismic Longitudinal) 1.84 0.6 2.52 137 14.6 37 0.43 0.21
VI (Seismic transverse) 2.00 -0.2 2.54 138 13.8 30 0.43 0.23

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