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    Modal Verbs

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    Maca
    The document discusses modal verbs and their characteristics and functions. Modal verbs are followed by bare infinitives, have no third person -s ending, and no present participle or past participle forms. They include can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, must, mustn't, ought to, need/needn't, dare. The document provides examples of how each modal verb is used and the meanings they convey around ability, permission, possibility, obligation, necessity, prohibition and more. An exercise is provided to rewrite sentences using modal verbs.

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    Modal Verbs

    Uploaded by

    Maca
    193 views3 pages
    The document discusses modal verbs and their characteristics and functions. Modal verbs are followed by bare infinitives, have no third person -s ending, and no present participle or past participle forms. They include can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, must, mustn't, ought to, need/needn't, dare. The document provides examples of how each modal verb is used and the meanings they convey around ability, permission, possibility, obligation, necessity, prohibition and more. An exercise is provided to rewrite sentences using modal verbs.

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    Modals Verbs Practice

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    The document discusses modal verbs and their characteristics and functions. Modal verbs are followed by bare infinitives, have no third person -s ending, and no present participle or past participle forms. They include can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, must, mustn't, ought to, need/needn't, dare. The document provides examples of how each modal verb is used and the meanings they convey around ability, permission, possibility, obligation, necessity, prohibition and more. An exercise is provided to rewrite sentences using modal verbs.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    193 views3 pages

    Modal Verbs

    Uploaded by

    Maca
    The document discusses modal verbs and their characteristics and functions. Modal verbs are followed by bare infinitives, have no third person -s ending, and no present participle or past participle forms. They include can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, must, mustn't, ought to, need/needn't, dare. The document provides examples of how each modal verb is used and the meanings they convey around ability, permission, possibility, obligation, necessity, prohibition and more. An exercise is provided to rewrite sentences using modal verbs.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    Modal Verbs

    MODAL VERBS have special characteristics:


     they are followed by bare infinitive (infinitive without to);
     no –s on the 3rd person singular;
     no –ing form;
     no auxiliaries in the interrogative and negative forms.

    Modal Verb Function Substituing verb


    Can Could · ability - John can speak English, but he can't speak Spanish. · To be able to
    · ability (in the past) - My mother could swim when she was younger. · To be capable of
    · possibility - I can learn English. · To be (im)possible to
    · permission - Can I smoke in the room? · To be allowed to
    · offer - Can I help you, madam?
    · request - Could you bring me a cup of tea, please?

    May Might · permission (politeness) - May I open the window, please? · To be allowed to
    · possibility - The chauffeur may be in the car. · To be likely to
    Susan may not come tomorrow. · To be probable to
    You might participate in the contest.
    · probability - It might rain. · Perhaps… will

    Will Would · requests (more polite) - Would you mind closing the door? · To want
    · determination/intention - I will pass the exam. · To desire
    · To be determined to
    Shall Should · offer - Shall I open the door for you? · Do you want…?
    · suggestion - Shall we go to the cinema? · Let’s
    · advice - You should eat more vegetables. · To have to (morally)
    · duty/moral obligation - Children should listen to their parents. · To be the (moral) duty
    · To be better
    · … would better…
    Must · obligation/duty - You must do your homework, · To have to
    whether you want to or not. · To be obliged to
    · deduction - He has a great car. He must earn a lot of money.
    · To have the obligation
    · necessity - You must go to the doctor if you can't see well.
    · To be certain
    Mustn't · prohibition - You mustn't cross the road when the red light is on. · To be forbidden
    · To be prohibited to
    Ought to · recommendation/moral obligation - You ought to study more. · To have to

    Need/ · (absence of) obligation/necessity - You needn’t run. It’s still early. · To be necessary
    /Needn’t
    · Don’t need to
    · Don’t have to
    Dare · audacity or lack of it - How dare you?/He daren’t look at me. · To have the courage to

    Exercise:
    Rewrite the following sentences replacing some words or expressions by a modal verb and making
    the necessary transformations.

    1. The students are allowed to go to the zoo.


    __________________________________________________________________________________
    2. Jane isn’t able to eat food with garlic.
    __________________________________________________________________________________
    3. It was impossible for the man to carry the heavy suitcase upstairs.
    __________________________________________________________________________________
    4. Look at the sky. Perhaps it will rain.
    __________________________________________________________________________________
    5. It is better for you to tell your father what happened.
    __________________________________________________________________________________
    6. It is necessary for them to come this morning because it’s urgent.
    __________________________________________________________________________________
    7. It isn’t necessary for you to come. There’s no work to do.
    __________________________________________________________________________________
    8. Ten steaks are likely to be enough for everybody.
    __________________________________________________________________________________
    9. The government has the obligation of building houses for the homeless.
    __________________________________________________________________________________
    10. It is children’s duty to respect their parents.
    __________________________________________________________________________________
    11. My sister is forbidden to arrive home after midnight.
    __________________________________________________________________________________
    12. Let’s go to a bar.
    __________________________________________________________________________________
    13. She is determined to go to the concert.
    __________________________________________________________________________________
    14. It is forbidden to smoke inside the building.
    __________________________________________________________________________________
    15. It is almost certain that Peter missed the train.
    __________________________________________________________________________________

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