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Pulse-Width Modulation: Modulation Message Pulsing Signal

Pulse-width modulation is a technique used to encode a message by pulsing a signal on and off at a fast rate. It is commonly used to control power supplied to devices like motors. The longer the pulse is on compared to the off period, the more power is delivered. PWM works by rapidly switching the power supply on and off at a frequency higher than what affects the load. It allows controlling average voltage and current in a way that results in smooth power delivery to the load.

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36 views3 pages

Pulse-Width Modulation: Modulation Message Pulsing Signal

Pulse-width modulation is a technique used to encode a message by pulsing a signal on and off at a fast rate. It is commonly used to control power supplied to devices like motors. The longer the pulse is on compared to the off period, the more power is delivered. PWM works by rapidly switching the power supply on and off at a frequency higher than what affects the load. It allows controlling average voltage and current in a way that results in smooth power delivery to the load.

Uploaded by

ggfff
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Pulse-width modulation

is a modulation technique used to encode a message into a pulsing signal.


Although this modulation technique can be used to encode information for
transmission, its main use is to allow the control of the power supplied to
electrical devices, especially to inertial loads such as motors. In addition,
PWM is one of the two principal algorithms used in photovoltaic solar
battery chargers,[1] the other being maximum power point tracking.
The average value of voltage (and current) fed to the load is controlled by
turning the switch between supply and load on and off at a fast rate. The
longer the switch is on compared to the off periods, the higher the total
power supplied to the load.
The PWM switching frequency has to be much higher than what would
affect the load (the device that uses the power), which is to say that the
resultant waveform perceived by the load must be as smooth as possible.
The rate (or frequency) at which the power supply must switch can vary
greatly depending on load and application,

The term duty cycle describes the proportion of 'on' time to the regular interval or
'period' of time; a low duty cycle corresponds to low power, because the power is
off for most of the time. Duty cycle is expressed in percent, 100% being fully on.

The main advantage of PWM is that power loss in the switching devices is very
low. When a switch is off there is practically no current, and when it is on and
power is being transferred to the load, there is almost no voltage drop across the
switch. Power loss, being the product of voltage and current, is thus in both
cases close to zero. PWM also works well with digital controls, which, because of
their on/off nature, can easily set the needed duty cycle.
PWM with op amp comparing two different waves saw tooth wave and
ref voltage this is one of most common types.

PWM Rules
D=Ton/(Ton+Toff)
D=Ton/T
F=1/T
Vo=D*Vs
PWM With MICROCONTOLLER

Pic16f877A PWM module :-

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