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O  $%  - As the name implies, this operating system is
designed to manage the computer so that one user can effectively do one
thing at a time. The Palm OS for Palm handheld computers is a good
example of a modern single-user, single-task operating system.
O  $%$ - This is the type of operating system most
people use on their desktop and laptop computers today. Microsoft's
Windows and Apple's MacOS platforms are both examples of operating
systems that will let a single user have several programs in operation at the
same time. For example, it's entirely possible for a Windows user to be
writing a note in a word processor while downloading a file from the Internet
while printing the text of an e -mail message.
O
$ - A multi-user operating system allows many different users to
take advantage of the computer's resources simultaneously. The operating
system must make sure that the requirements of the various users are
balanced, and that each of the programs they are us ing has sufficient and
separate resources so that a problem with one user doesn't affect the entire
community of users. Unix, VMS and mainframe operating systems, such
as 
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O A high-level programming    is a programming language with
strong abstraction from the details of the computer. In comparison to low-level
programming languages, it may use natural language elements, be easier to
use, or be more portable across platforms. Such languages hide the details
of CPU operations such as memory access models and management
of scope.

O This greater abstraction and hiding of details is generally intended to make

the language user-friendly, as it includes concepts from the problem
domain instead of those of the machine used. A high -level language isolates
the execution semantics of a computer architecture from the specification of
the program, making the process of developing a program simpler and more
understandable with respect to a low -level language. The amount of
abstraction provided defines how "high -level" a programming language is. [1]

O The first high-level programming language to be designed for a computer

was Plankalkül, created by Konrad Zuse. However, it was not implemented in
his time and his original contributions were isolated from other developments.

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O In computer science, a 
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    is a programming
language that provides little or no abstraction from a computer's instruction set
architecture. The word "low" refers to the small or nonexistent amount
of abstraction between the language and machine language ; because of this,
low-level languages are sometimes described as being "close to the
hardware."
O A low-level language does not need a compiler or interpreter to run; the
processor for which the language was written is able to run the code without
using either of these.
O By comparison, a high-level programming language isolates the execution
semantics of a computer architecture from the specification of the program,
 making the process of developing a program simpler and more
understandable.
O Low-level programming languages are sometimes divided into two
categories: a

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 has roots that can be traced to the 1960s. As
hardware and software became increasingly complex, manageability often
became a concern. Researchers studied ways to maintain software quality
and developed object -oriented programming in part to address commo n
problems by strongly emphasizing discrete, reusable units of programming
logic. The technology focuses on data rather than processes, with programs
composed of self-sufficient modules ("classes"), each instance of which
("objects") contains all the infor mation needed to manipulate its own data
structure ("members"). This is in contrast to the existing modular
programming which had been dominant for many years that focu sed on
the a
  of a module, rather than specifically the data, but equally provided
for code reuse, and self-sufficient reusable units of programming logic,
enabling collaboration through the use of linked modules ( subroutines). This
more conventional approach, which still pers ists, tends to consider data and
behavior separately.
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Word was first introduced in 1981 and now the latest version they have out is 2008,
so it is constantly being updated. Word is Microsoft¶s word processor. It is mainly
used to type up documents like letters, stories and essays. It is similar to Notepad
as you can type text and information on both. However, Word is more advanced.
You can add pictures and word art.

PowerPoint is a presentation graphics program and used for making slideshow

presentations. It¶s great for overhead projector presentations,
handouts, speaker notes and film recorders. PowerPoint¶s are made up of
numerous slides which can contain text, graphics, movies and other objects that can
easily be arranged anywhere on the slide. Surprisingly, PowerPoint was first
introduced for the AppleMacintosh, which ran black and white, and was later
distributed to Microsoft

!!


SPOOL-Simultaneous Peripheral Operation OnLine

ANSI-American National Standards Institute

API-American Pirate Industries / Application Program Interface / Application

Programming Interface

APL-A Programming Language

ASCII-American Standard Code for Information Interchange

BASIC-Bill's Attempt To Seize Industry Control. / Beginner's All-Purpose Symbolic

Instruction Code

BCD-Binary Coded Decimal / Blocked Call(s) Delayed

BIT-Basic Information Unit / Binary DigIT (sometimes as bit) / Built In Test

COBOL-COmmon Buisness Oriented Language / Completely Obsolete Business

Oriented Language

DOS-Defective Operating System / Disc Operating System / Denial of Service

D RAM-Dynamic Random Access Meomory

YBCDIC-Yxtended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange

Y A-Ynhanced raphics Adapter

YYPROM-Ylectrically Yrasable Programmable Read-Only Memory

YAPROM-Ylectrically Alterable Programmable Read Only Memory

FORTRAN-FORmula TRANslation/Translator (programming language)

UI- ood User Interface. / raphical User Interface

CLI-(SQL) Call Level Interface / Calling Line Ident / Command Line Interface

IBM-I Blame Microsoft / Inadequate But Marketable / Inferior But Marketable /

Insidious Black Magic / International Buisness Machines / Its Been Malfunctioning /
Its Better Manually

BIOS-Basic Input / Output System

RDBMS-Relational DataBase Management System / Remote DataBase

Management System

SQL-Structural Query Language

SV A-Super Video raphics Array

V A-Video raphics Adapter / Video raphics Array

TCP/IP-Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol ?