Table of Contents

Welcome to Role-Based Learning .............................................................. 3

About This Study Guide .............................................................................. 3
Thank You - Subject Matter Experts ........................................................... 3
Preparing for the Exam ............................................................................... 3
Candidate Agreement and Delivery ............................................................ 4
Exam Details............................................................................................... 4
Course Attendance ..................................................................................... 4
Certification Role—SAFe 4 Product Owner/Product Manager .................... 5
Key Areas of Competency ........................................................................................ 5
Prerequisite Skills and Knowledge............................................................................ 5
Target Candidate (Qualifying Standard: Five Levels of Competency) ...................... 5
Exam Content Overview, Reading List, and Objectives .............................. 5
Exam Section Numbering and Course Lesson Numbering....................................... 5
Exam Content Percentage ........................................................................................ 6
Exam Reading and Reference List ........................................................................... 6
Exam Objectives ....................................................................................................... 6
Additional Reference Materials ................................................................. 16
Scaled Agile Download Resources ......................................................................... 16
Search the Scaled Agile Framework Site ............................................................... 16
Sample Test ............................................................................................. 16
Practice Test ............................................................................................. 17
Learning Journey: Checklist ...................................................................... 17
Acronyms and Abbreviations .................................................................... 18
Guide Terms of Use .................................................................................. 19

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Welcome to Role-Based Learning
Scaled Agile, Inc.’s role-based offerings focus on the skills, knowledge, and experience required to
successfully perform the job. As part of your Scaled Agile Framework® (SAFe®) learning journey, we
encourage you to attend training, read recommended books and articles, take advantage of videos
and enablement, gain real-world experience in the role, and then take the exam.

About This Study Guide

This study guide is designed to provide relevant and content-specific exam information, such as the
certification role description and skill level, exam objectives, and a comprehensive reading list as
defined by our subject matter experts (SMEs). Reviewing this study guide does not guarantee
success on the exam, but it will provide guidance on your journey to become certified in SAFe.

The exam section numbers may not specifically map to the course lesson numbers because the
course content may evolve to support an ongoing learner-centric instructional approach. Please
review the “Exam Section Numbering and Course Lesson Numbering” section for more information.

Thank You - Subject Matter Experts

This exam and related study materials are made possible by a very dedicated group of global SAFe
subject matter experts. Scaled Agile thanks these individuals for their hard work, focus, and
willingness to dedicate many hours to the success of this project.

Jeff Nichols
Marshall Guillory
Shane Harrison
Steve Martinez
Vikas Kapila

Preparing for the Exam

Congratulations on taking the first step toward becoming part of a growing community of Certified
SAFe® professionals!

Preparation Required/Recommended Access

 Course Attendance Required Classroom Training: SAFe Product
Owner/Product Manager
 Exam Study Guide Recommended Learning Plan in the SAFe
Community Platform
 Sample Test Recommended On Scaled Agile Website: SAFe
Product Owner/Product Manager
 Practice Test Recommended Learning Plan in the SAFe
Community Platform
 Exam Required Learning Plan in the SAFe
Community Platform

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Candidate Agreement and Delivery
This exam is accessed and delivered through the web on the SAFe Community Platform after
course completion. This is a “closed book” exam which means no outside materials (including the
SAFe website or training materials) or assistance can be used during the exam.

Please review the Candidate Agreement on the Certification Program Policies page for information
related to terms of testing and certification. Each candidate will be required to agree to these terms
prior to launching the exam.

Exam Details
Information, such as the number of questions, time on exam, and exam format, can be found under
“Exam Details” on the Exam and Certification Summary web page.

Course Attendance
The first step toward becoming a Certified SAFe® professional is to attend the SAFe Product
Owner/Product Manager training class. Course attendance is required (all days), and completion
provides access to the exam, which is part of the SAFe Learning Plan. A complete list of courses,
including dates and locations, is on the Scaled Agile website.

Note: Attending the class does not guarantee passing the exam. Please take the time to review the
materials covered in this study guide.

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Certification Role—SAFe 4 Product Owner/Product Manager
A Certified SAFe ® 4 Product Owner/Product Manager (POPM) is a SAFe professional who works
with customers and development organizations to identify and write requirements.

Key Areas of Competency

• Apply Lean-Agile Mindset and SAFe principles and practices
• Identify Customer needs
• Write Epics, Capabilities, Features, and Stories
• Prioritize work to deliver value to the Enterprise

Prerequisite Skills and Knowledge

• Experience in Agile
• Experience in Lean

Target Candidate (Qualifying Standard: Five Levels of Competency)

This job role is defined as part of the Job Task Analysis (JTA) and is based on a standardized 5 levels
of competency. Candidates who pass this exam have met this qualifying standard and can
demonstrate knowledge or perform skills at the designated level below:

1 - [Novice] Minimal knowledge or experience

2 - [Competent] Some knowledge or experience; can perform tasks with assistance
3 - [Proficient] Capable; can perform tasks with some assistance << SAFe 4 Product
Owner/Product Manager
4 - [Expert] Fully competent; can perform tasks with little assistance
5 - [Master] Content developer or contributor; can perform tasks with no assistance

Exam Content Overview, Reading List, and Objectives

The first step in developing a role-based curriculum is to conduct a JTA workshop, where a group of
SMEs work together to define the tasks, skills, and knowledge related to a specific job role. The
JTA creates the foundation for the exam objectives and competency standard, which serves as the
basis for the exam. The output of the JTA includes key areas of competency, prerequisite skills and
knowledge, the candidate qualifying standard, and a comprehensive list of objectives and tasks
related to the job role.

Scaled Agile SMEs use these objectives to develop exam questions. It is recommended you review
these objectives and ask yourself: Do I know how to complete the tasks in the objective? Am I
familiar with the terms and concepts? Do I know the outcome of NOT performing the tasks correctly
(anti-patterns)?

Exam Section Numbering and Course Lesson Numbering

The exam section numbers may not specifically map to the course lesson numbers because the
course content may evolve to support an ongoing learner-centric instructional approach. For
example, exam section 1 content may be covered in course lessons 2 and 4. What is important to

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focus on are the content details of the exam objectives and the course materials and not the section
or lesson numbers.

The exam objectives and course materials do overlap either at a high level or in some cases with
more detail so be sure to review the materials in this study guide as well as additional resources
listed in each exam section’s “Reading and Reference List”.

Exam Content Percentage

The table outlines the approximate percentage of questions from each section that will appear on
the exam.

Percent of Items
Exam Sections
on Exam

SECTION 1: Applying SAFe in the Lean Enterprise 2%

SECTION 2: Relating a Lean-Agile Mindset to the PO/PM Roles 11%

SECTION 3: Collaborating with Lean Portfolio Management 20%
SECTION 4: Continuously Exploring Customer Needs 27%

SECTION 5: Executing the Program Increment 29%

SECTION 6: Defining the PO/PM Roles and Responsibilities 11%

Exam Reading and Reference List

As part of the exam development process, each exam question is assigned a reference -- where
the answer can be found for the question. The references are converted into a reading list and
provided at the end of the relevant exam section in this study guide. Be sure to read the linked
content and resources contained in the reading list, because there is at least one exam question
written to each item.

Please remember that the goal of this reading list is not only to provide answers to the exam
questions, but also to provide a broader context for learning.

Exam Objectives

SECTION 1: Applying SAFe in the Lean Enterprise

1.1 Recognize the problem to be solved

1.1.1 Identify team/company/enterprise problems

1.1.2 Identify additional issues that are specific to business context

1.1.3 Describe the Scaled Agile Framework (SAFe)

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 1.2 Explore SAFe Foundations

1.2.1 Define the function of an Agile Team

1.2.2 Explain the purpose of integration points

1.2.3 Explain why teams apply test automation

1.2.4 Describe aspects of Architectural Runway

1.2.5 Explain how an Agile Release Train (ART) applies a systems view

1.2.6 Summarize how Program Increment (PI) Planning synchronizes an ART

1.2.7 Describe the elements of SAFe DevOps

1.2.8 Explain the elements of Lean portfolio governance

1.2.9 Describe how Large Solution SAFe is coordinated by a Solution Train

1.2.10 Explain the function of Full SAFe for large enterprises

1.2.11 Describe the purpose of the SAFe Implementation Roadmap

Reading and Reference List for Section 1

At least one exam question is written from each of these resources:

• SAFe Product Owner/Product Manager Student Workbook (available only from taking the
course): materials and exercises from lesson 1
• www.scaledagileframework.com/safe-lean-agile-principles/
•

SECTION 2: Relating a Lean-Agile Mindset to the Product Owner/Product Manager

Roles

2.1 Connect the Product Owner and Product Manager roles

2.1.1 Compare traditional versus Agile approaches to the PO and PM responsibilities

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 2.1.2 Compare the PO, PM, and team roles and activities

2.1.3 Describe and compare other ART roles

2.1.4 Identify ways to facilitate POPM collaboration

2.2 Embrace a Lean-Agile mindset

2.2.1 Describe the Lean-Agile values that form the House of Lean

2.2.2 Explain the values described in the Agile Manifesto

2.2.3 Summarize the SAFe Lean-Agile Principles

Reading and Reference List for Section 2

At least one exam question is written from each of these resources:

• SAFe Product Owner/Product Manager Student Workbook (available only from taking the
course): materials and exercises from lesson 2 and lesson 3
• www.scaledagileframework.com/assume-variability-preserve-options/
• www.scaledagileframework.com/base-milestones-on-objective-evaluation-of-working-
systems/
• www.scaledagileframework.com/decentralize-decision-making/
• www.scaledagileframework.com/safe-lean-agile-principles/
•

SECTION 3: Collaborating with Lean Portfolio Management

3.1 Collaborate with the Lean Portfolio Management function

Describe the SAFe Portfolio Level including the principles, practices, and roles
3.1.1
needed to initiate and govern a set of development Value Streams

3.1.2 Explain the Lean portfolio management function and related roles

3.1.3 Review the functions of strategy and investment funding collaboration

3.1.4 Contrast Agile program guidance collaboration and Lean governance collaboration

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 Identify ways SAFe provides transformational patterns to move from traditional
3.1.5
mindsets to a Lean portfolio collaboration

3.2 Detail the role of the Epic Owner

3.2.1 Identify key aspects and responsibilities of the Epic Owner

3.2.2 Explain ways to prepare the epic through the role of the Epic Owner

3.2.3 Identify ways to make the Epic Owner role collaborative

3.3 Use Lean Startup Cycles to foster innovation

3.3.1 Identify ways to foster innovation with the Lean Startup Cycle

3.3.2 Describe good and bad ways to foster innovation

3.4 Develop epic hypothesis statements

3.4.1 Define an epic hypothesis

3.4.2 Explain the structure of the epic hypothesis statement template

Describe why Nonfunctional Requirements (NFRs) are key architecture concerns;

3.4.3
identify examples of NFRs at each level of the Lean enterprise

3.4.4 Draft an epic hypothesis statement

3.5 Contribute to a Lean business case

3.5.1 Identify key elements of a Lean business case

3.5.2 Create a Lean business case

3.6 Visualize flow using a Portfolio Kanban

3.6.1 Describe how the portfolio Kanban system manages the flow of epics

3.6.2 Identify the stages of a prototypical portfolio Kanban system

3.6.3 Explain aspects of a go/no go decision

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 Identify ways the portfolio Kanban system is tightly connected to the cadence of the
3.6.4
ART

3.6.5 Describe the relationship of epics and the Portfolio Backlog

3.7 Elaborate features for the Minimum Viable Product (MVP)

3.7.1 Describe features in a SAFe context

3.7.2 Identify places where features come from

3.7.3 Draft benefit hypothesis statements that describe MVP features

Reading and Reference List for Section 3

At least one exam question is written from each of these resources:

• SAFe Product Owner/Product Manager Student Workbook (available only from taking the
course): materials and exercises from lesson 3
• www.scaledagileframework.com/epic/
• www.scaledagileframework.com/whats-new-in-safe-45/#2
•

SECTION 4: Continuously Exploring Customer Needs

4.1 Explore customer needs

4.1.1 Explain the process and components of Continuous Exploration

Identify how responsibilities shift when epics move from the portfolio backlog to
4.1.2
implementation

4.1.3 Describe continuous exploration collaboration

4.2 Synthesize information for the Vision and Roadmap

4.2.1 Explain how collaboration and research synthesis work together

4.2.2 Describe common methods used to prepare the vision

4.2.3 Identify inputs to the Solution and program vision

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 4.2.4 Describe ways the vision inspires action

4.2.5 Describe the SAFe roadmap and its attributes

4.3 Visualize feature and Enabler flow using a Program Kanban

4.3.1 Explain the elements of a Kanban system and how value flows

Describe the process and components of the Continuous Delivery Pipeline learning
4.3.2
cycles

4.3.3 Create a program Kanban that includes Work in Process (WIP) limits

4.4 Prioritize the Program Backlog

4.4.1 Explain ways to manage and prioritize the flow of work into the program backlog

Describe different forms of non-economic-based prioritization and their resulting

4.4.2
impact

4.4.3 Explain how to prioritize features for optimal return on investment

4.4.4 Identify the components of Cost of Delay (CoD)

4.4.5 Describe how to minimize CoD using Weighted Shortest Job First (WSJF)

4.4.6 Calculate WSJF with relative estimating

4.4.7 Collaborate with other roles to sequence work and build architectural runway

4.4.8 Apply types of service to deliver the right mix of features

4.5 Estimate and forecast the backlog

4.5.1 Identify ways to perform relative estimating

Describe estimating successive refinements to identify the effort to implement a

4.5.2
feature

4.5.3 Estimate feature development costs based on story points

4.5.4 Apply size and velocity information to estimate duration

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 4.5.5 Explain how to estimate epics in SAFe

4.5.6 Forecast work from the portfolio backlog

4.5.7 Identify ways to effectively ensure organizational readiness

Reading and Reference List for Section 4

At least one exam question is written from each of these resources:

• SAFe Product Owner/Product Manager Student Workbook (available only from taking the
course): materials and exercises from lesson 4 and lesson 6
• www.scaledagileframework.com/continuous-exploration/
• www.scaledagileframework.com/customer/
• www.scaledagileframework.com/program-and-solution-backlogs/
• www.scaledagileframework.com/roadmap/
• www.scaledagileframework.com/story/
• www.scaledagileframework.com/vision/
• agilemanifesto.org/
• The Principles of Product Development Flow by Donald G. Reinertsen -- Page 194
•

SECTION 5: Executing the Program Increment

5.1 Create alignment with PI planning

5.1.1 Identify inputs for PI planning

5.1.2 Identify the successful PI planning outputs (PI Objectives, program board)

5.1.3 Describe items needed to prepare for PI planning

5.1.4 Describe the roles of POs and PMs during PI planning

5.1.5 Participate in PI planning activities

5.1.6 Describe how to support the team objectives and assign business value

5.1.7 Describe activities the PO and PM do after PI planning

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 5.2 Decompose features into stories

5.2.1 Explain feature decomposition and how features drive user stories

Describe the Team Backlog and all elements, including user and enabler stories and
5.2.2
NFRs

5.2.3 Identify the three primary sources of team backlog items

Describe user stories and how they guide the 3Cs (Card, Conversation,
5.2.4
Confirmation)

5.2.5 Define the four types of enabler stories

5.2.6 List patterns used to break features into stories

5.2.7 Describe how user stories are accepted and the basis for acceptance criteria

5.2.8 Write acceptance criteria

5.2.9 Perform feature estimation

5.2.10 Apply ‘estimating poker’ for fast, relative estimating

5.3 Plan the Iteration

5.3.1 Explain the steps involved in planning and committing

5.3.2 Define Iteration Goals

5.3.3 Explain how a team can commit to their iteration goals

5.3.4 Explain the importance of Iteration Planning for Kanban teams

5.3.5 Describe the role of the PM and PO during planning around the iteration

5.4 Execute the PI

5.4.1 Describe how SAFe Agile teams power the ART

Explain how program events create a closed loop system to keep the train on the
5.4.2
tracks

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 5.4.3 Conduct the Daily Stand-Up

5.4.4 Explain how the Scrum of Scrums and the PO sync work together for the ART sync

5.4.5 Sequence stories and prioritize the team backlog

5.4.6 Conduct the backlog refinement session

5.4.7 Describe how the Iteration Review provides measures of progress to the program

5.4.8 Define Continuous Integration and describe how it is used in the PI

5.4.9 Explain how to continuously integrate and test stories

5.4.10 Demonstrate the full solution increment to stakeholders every iteration

5.4.11 Discuss the importance of new system increments every two weeks

5.4.12 Define Continuous Deployment and describe how it is used in the PI

5.4.13 Describe how to create a DevOps culture using the CALMR approach

5.4.14 Perform an Iteration Retrospective

5.4.15 Describe the Innovation and Planning Iteration and explain why it is necessary

5.4.16 Explain the steps needed to conduct Inspect and Adapt

5.5 Release on Demand

5.5.1 Define the SAFe Definition of Done (DoD)

Identify DoDs for each: team increment, system increment, solution increment, and
5.5.2
release
Explain the importance of having the ability to release on demand and how it is
5.5.3
integral to the continuous delivery pipeline

5.5.4 Explain why it is important to decouple cadence from releasing on demand

5.5.5 Architect the solution for incremental release

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 5.5.6 Describe various release on demand strategies

Reading and Reference List for Section 5

At least one exam question is written from each of these resources:

• SAFe Product Owner/Product Manager Student Workbook (available only from taking the
course): materials and exercises from lesson 5
• www.scaledagileframework.com/enablers/
• www.scaledagileframework.com/pre-and-post-pi-planning/
• www.scaledagileframework.com/product-and-solution-management/
• www.scaledagileframework.com/whats-new-in-safe-45/ -- Search for “The Lean UX
process (Figure 14)”
• www.scaledagileframework.com/release-on-demand/ -- Search for “Feature Toggles”
•

SECTION 6: Defining the POPM Roles and Responsibilities

6.1 Characterize the role of the Product Owner

6.1.1 Explain Product Owner responsibilities

6.1.2 Identify potential candidates for the Product Owner role

6.1.3 Describe Product Owner attributes

6.1.4 Describe the Product Owner in the enterprise

6.2 Characterize the role of the Product Manager

6.2.1 Explain Product Manager responsibilities

6.2.2 Describe Product Manager attributes

Compare Product Owner and Product Manager governance from a content authority
6.2.3
perspective

6.3 Examine other key program collaboration roles

6.3.1 Identify the stakeholders in a given environment

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 6.3.2 Create a potential collaboration model for epics in the enterprise

Reading and Reference List for Section 6

At least one exam question is written from each of these resources:

• SAFe Product Owner/Product Manager Student Workbook (available only from taking the
course): materials and exercises from lesson 6 and lesson 5
• www.scaledagileframework.com/product-and-solution-management/#Details
•

Additional Reference Materials

Scaled Agile Download Resources

The exam covers main ideas and concepts found in these resources on the
www.scaledagileframework.com website:
• SAFe for Lean Enterprises Configuration (Big Picture)
• SAFe Glossary
• SAFe Implementation Roadmap
• SAFe Self-assessment Worksheets
• Case Studies

Search the Scaled Agile Framework Site

Need help finding a SAFe article? Looking for more details about the latest information in SAFe or
one of the SAFe roles? Use the web search option on www.scaledagileframework.com to search
the entire site based on your key search terms.

Sample Test
The sample test provides examples of the format and type of questions to expect on the exam
(these are sample and not the actual exam questions). Performance on the sample test is NOT an
indicator of performance on the exam, and it should NOT be considered an assessment tool. The
sample test (.pdf) can be found under “Exam Study Materials” on the Exam and Certification
Summary web page.

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Practice Test
The practice test is designed to be predictive of success on the actual exam. It contains the same
number of questions as the exam and the same level of difficulty, covers the same content areas
(using different questions), and has the same timebox for completion. It is available on the Scaled
Agile Community Platform as part of your Learning Plan.

The practice test is available at no additional charge, and you can take it as many times as you like
no matter the outcome of pass or fail. However, it provides the same bank of questions randomized
in a different order. Use the practice test score report to focus on areas where you may need
improvement.

NOTE: Be sure to take a screen shot of the score report, as the practice test will reset after
completion and previous score reports will not be available.

The practice test falls under the candidate agreement policy, and you are not authorized to copy,
share, or reproduce it in any way.

Learning Journey: Checklist

 Attend the course.
 Study based on the course and exam study materials provided.
 Incorporate your learnings into your real-world experiences.
 Take the practice test on the SAFe Community Platform.
If you pass the practice test, then you may be ready to take the exam.
If you do NOT pass the practice test, review how you did by section on the score report
and compare it against the section breakdown at the beginning of this study guide. Focus on
the areas where you need improvement. You can take the practice test as many times as
you like; however, it provides the same bank of questions randomized in a different order.
Take a screen shot of your score report as it resets after each attempt.
 Take the actual exam through the SAFe Community Platform.
 Pass the exam and become a member of the Certified SAFe® professional global community.
 Share your Certified SAFe® professional digital badge and have your skills recognized
worldwide.
 Continue your learning journey through active participation in your Community of Practice on
the SAFe Community Platform.

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Acronyms and Abbreviations
ART Agile Release Train PO/PM Product Owner/Product Manager
BO Business Owner PO Product Owner
BV Business Value LPM Lean Portfolio Management
BVIR Big Visual Information Radiator ROAM Resolved, Owned, Accepted,
Mitigated
CFD Cumulative Flow Diagram RR Risk Reduction

CapEx Capital Expenses RTE Release Train Engineer

CI Continuous Integration S4T SAFe® for Teams
CoD Cost of Delay SAFe® Scaled Agile Framework
CoP Community of Practice SA SAFe® Agilest
DoD Definition of Done SM Scrum Master
DSU Daily Stand-up SoS Scrum of Scrums
EA Enterprise Architect SP SAFe® Practitioner

EO Epic Owner SPC SAFe® Program Consultant

FW Firmware SW Software
HW Hardware UX User Experience
I&A Inspect and Adapt VS Value Stream
IP Innovation and Planning (iteration) STE Solution Train Engineer
MBSE Model-Based Systems Engineering WIP Work in Process
NFR Non-functional Requirements WSJF Weighted Shortest Job First
OE Opportunity Enablement XP Extreme Programming
OpEx Operating Expenses
PDCA Plan, Do, Check, Adjust
PI Program Increment
PM Product Manager

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Guide Terms of Use
This study guide is the copyrighted property of Scaled Agile, Inc. You may not resell it or
use it in a public setting or to create derivative works. And you may not alter, remove, or
add any trademarks or copyright.

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