1 Input Device: Smartphones

INTRODUCTION

There is no agreement in the industry about what precisely constitutes a "smart" phone,
and definitions have changed over time. Smartphones differ from ordinary mobile phones in two
fundamental ways: how they are built and what they can do."

According to Sacha Wunsch-Vincent from OECD, smart phones is one evolution in a

series of evolutions, so it might be that the actual device at some point will become even
smaller, but the integrated deal here is to make the device as invisible as possible, between you,
and what you want to do. Most devices considered smartphones today use an identifiable
operating system, often with the ability to add applications (e.g. for enhanced data processing,
connectivity or entertainment) - in contrast to regular phones which only support sandboxed
applications (like Java games). These smartphone applications may be developed by the
manufacturer of the device, by the network operator or by any other third-party software
developer, since the operating system is open.

In terms of features, most smartphones support full featured email capabilities with the
functionality of a complete personal organizer. One common feature to the majority of the
smartphones is a contact list able to store as many contacts as the available memory permits, in
contrast to regular phones that has a limit to the maximum number of contacts that can be stored

HISTORY

The first smartphone was called Simon; it was designed by IBM in 1992 and shown as a
concept product that year at COMDEX, the computer industry trade show held in Las Vegas,
Nevada. It was released to the public in 1993 and sold by BellSouth. Besides being a mobile
phone, it also contained a calendar, address book, world clock, calculator, note pad, e-mail, send
and receive fax, and games. It had no physical buttons to dial with. Instead customers used a
touch-screen to select phone numbers with a finger or create facsimiles and memos with an
optional stylus. Text was entered with a unique on-screen "predictive" keyboard. By today's
standards, the Simon would be a fairly low-end product, however its feature set at the time was
incredibly advanced.

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The Nokia Communicator line was the first of Nokia's smartphones starting with the
Nokia 9000, released in 1996. This distinctive palmtop computer style smartphone was the result
of a collaborative effort of an early successful and expensive PDA model by Hewlett Packard
combined with Nokia's bestselling phone around that time and early prototype models had the
two devices fixed via a hinge; the Nokia 9210 as the first color screen Communicator model
which was the first true smartphone with an open operating system; the 9500 Communicator that
was also Nokia's first cameraphone Communicator and Nokia's first WiFi phone; the 9300
Communicator was the third dimensional shift into a smaller form factor; and the latest E90
Communicator includes GPS. The Nokia Communicator model is remarkable also having been
the most expensive phone model sold by a major brand for almost the full lifespan of the model
series. The Ericsson R380 was sold as a 'smartphone' but could not run native third-party
applications. Although the Nokia 9210 was arguably the first true smartphone with an open
operating system, Nokia continued to refer to it as a Communicator. In 2001 RIM released the
first BlackBerry which was the first smartphone optimized for wireless email use and has
achieved a total customer base of 8 million subscribers by June 2007, of which three quarters are
in North America.

Although the Nokia 7650, announced in 2001, was referred to as a 'smart phone' in the
media, and is now called a 'smartphone' on the Nokia support site, the press release referred to it
as an 'imaging phone'. Handspring delivered the first widely popular smartphone devices in the
US market by marrying its Palm OS based Visor PDA together with a piggybacked GSM phone
module, the VisorPhone. By 2002, Handspring was marketing an integrated smartphone called
the Treo; the company subsequently merged with Palm primarily because the PDA market was
dying but the Treo smartphone was quickly becoming popular as a phone with extended PDA
organizer features. That same year, Microsoft announced its Windows CE Pocket PC OS would
be offered as "Microsoft Windows Powered Smartphone 2002". Microsoft originally defined its
Windows Smartphone products as lacking a touchscreen and offering a lower screen resolution
compared to its sibling Pocket PC devices. Palm has since largely abandoned its own Palm OS in
favor of licensing Microsoft's WinCE-based operating system now referred to as Windows
Mobile. In 2005 Nokia launched its N-Series of 3G smartphones which Nokia started to market
not as mobile phones but as multimedia computers.

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Out of 1 billion camera phones to be shipped in 2008, smartphones, the higher end of the
market with full email support, will represent about 10% of the market or about 100 million
units. The Smartphone Summit semi-annual conference details smartphone industry market data,
trends, and updates among smartphone related hardware, software, and accessories. Android, a
cross platform OS for smartphones was released in 2008. Android is an Open Source platform
backed by Google, along with major hardware and software developers (such as Intel, HTC,
ARM, and eBay, to name a few), that form the Open Handset Alliance[15].

The first phone to use the Android OS is the HTC Dream, branded for distribution by T-
Mobile as the G1. The phone features a full, capacitive touch screen, a flip out QWERTY
keyboard, and a track ball for navigating web pages. The software suite included on the phone
consists of integration with Google's proprietary applications, such as Maps, Calendar, and
Gmail, as well as Google's Chrome Lite full HTML web browser. Third party application are
available for free via the Android Market, with premium apps slated for Q1 2009.In July 2008
Apple introduced its App Store with both for fee and free applications. The app store can deliver
smartphone applications developed by third parties directly to the iPhone or iPod Touch over
WiFi or cellular network without using a PC.

EVOLUTION

IBM Simon

Briefly, the evolution of Smartphones started with the launched of IBM Simon in 1992.
The shape of the smartphone at that time is quite like a brick. It blends PDA, cell
phones capabilities and touch screen altogether. The cost of the product is
$900and weighed about 500grams.

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Nokia 9000

In 1996 Nokia launched its’ first smartphones which is Nokia 9000. The Nokia 9000 is a
clamshell. It weighed at 397 grams and comes with 8MB of memory. In 1998, it got a lot of
publicity in The Saint but due to its price tag which costs $1,000 it is quite hard for them to sell
it. Due to its’ hard-to-read screen problem the price got cut about 50 percent.

BlackBerry 5810

In April 2002, Research In Motion released the first in a series of smartphones that
helped define the "always available" business lifestyle. Introduced in 1999 as a PDA that also
acted as a two-way pager, the BlackBerry really started its march to dominance with the 5810,
which (provided you had headphones) added mobile phone functionality to its much lauded push
e-mail support. The Java-based phone, which doesn't look much like a modern
CrackBerry, weighed in at 133 grams, cost $749 and had 8MB of memory.

Palm Treo 600

With the PDA market drying up, Palm took steps to ensure its survival by spinning off the
company's software unit and merging its hardware business with Handspring. The first product
of their union is The Treo 600, which launched in June 2003. The 600 was actually bigger and
heavier (168 grams) than its predecessors, abandoning the PDA-like form factor for something
more like today's smartphones. The 32MB device, which sold for about $500, had a 160 x 160

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pixel color display. Its successor, the Treo 650, rolled out in late 2004 to even more
acclaim.

iPhone

Announced in January 2007, the iPhone went on the market six months later in 8 GB
($599) and 4 GB ($499) models. The 135 gram device has been credited with kicking off the
touchscreen craze, popularizing mobile browsing, bringing third-party software to phones,
discovering alien life, etc.

Palm Pre

Tech reviewers showered the long-awaited Pre with praise when it launched in June
2009. After initial shortages at Sprint stores, some analysts have suggested that sales have
slowed considerably for the handsome phone that takes a multi-
touch page from the iPhone while providing a QWERTY keyboard.
Other observers see sales rising into the millions by next year. Pre
can perform one of its neater tricks; syncing with iTunes as if it was
an Apple device.

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FEATURES/CHARACTERISTIC.

Smartphones offer two-in-one functionality and the flexibility of being mobile while
conducting University business. While many other phones have similar functions, Smartphones
can offer users a bigger screen and a full keyboard, making data functions easier to use. Some of
the features that can be found in Smartphone, in addition to standard mobile phone services,
include:

 Appointment calendar (may synchronizes with MeetingMaker and Outlook through

synchronization software)
 Address Book
 MP3 player
 Web browser
 E-mail access, in addition to text messaging
 Mini-keyboards or onscreen keyboards
 Voice dialing
 Bluetooth
 Character recognition (allowing for handwritten input)
 Synchronization of information with desktop or laptop computers
 Voice recording
 Digital camera
 Video recording
 GPS
 Microsoft Office (MS) compatible applications (Native with Pocket PC operating
systems. Palm operating systems may require third-party software

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FUNCTIONALITY.

As it is the newest and very up-to-date, surely smart phone has great function compared
to other phone. In addition, smart phone’s functions are similar like computer and other device.
As we know, smart phone not just an ordinary phone, but it has lots of function.

One of them is it supports Microsoft Windows mobile 5.0 pocket PC. Absolutely, the
function will be same when we use our laptop or computer. So, this extra feature will enable
user to use Microsoft Windows everywhere.

Secondly, smart phone has one slot that enable user to insert memory card. Memory cards
enable mobile users easily to transport digital photos, music to or from mobile devices and
computer or other devices. Common types that smart phones have are microSD, microSDHC,
Memory Stick Micro and more.

Other than that, smart phones also function as camera digital which is allow users to take
pictures and store the photographed images digitally. The camera digital resolutions for smart
phones are same as other digital camera. Actually, resolution is the number of horizontal and
vertical pixels in a display device.

Besides that, the function of smart phones is Bluetooth. Bluetooth is one of the function
that make smart phone difference with other phones. Bluetooth technology uses radio waves to
transmit data between two devices. Smart phone is Bluetooth-enabled which means they contain
a small chip that allows them to communicate with other Bluetooth-enabled computers and
devices.

Usually, smart phones have a touch screen where we can just touch the screen to control
the system compared to other smart phones that use mini keyboard. We just use the stylus or our
finger. Users can interact with touch screen by touching areas of the screen. As smart phones
have a touch screen, it also supports handwriting recognition. So, other than touch the alphabet
on the screen we also can adjust words that we want.

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MANUFACTURER

Apple iPhone 3GS - 32GB - black (AT&T)

 Country of Origin : United States

 Where to buy iPhone? Apple Online Store and Apple Retail Store

 Or call 1-800-MY-APPLE (800-692-7753).

 Price : $299

 Manufacturer: Apple
 Part Number: iPHONE3GS32GBBLKATT

Key Specifications/Special Features:

 Data services SMS , MMS

 Cellular enhancement protocol EDGE , AGPS
 Dimensions (W x D x H) 2.4 in x 0.5 in x 4.6 in
 Weight 4.8 oz
 Built-in devices Camera , Digital player
 Color Black
 OS provided Apple Mac OS X 10.4.11
 Software iTunes 8.2
 Flash memory installed 32 GB

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 Internet Browser and wireless connectivity

 GPRS (General Packet Radio Service)
 Mobile Email
 Supported Email Protocols POP3 , IMAP4
 Messaging / Data Features PDF support , Microsoft Word support , Microsoft Excel
support.
 Cellular technology WCDMA (UMTS) / GSM
 Service Provider AT & T
 Band / mode WCDMA (UMTS) / GSM 850/900/1800/1900
 Antenna Internal
 Wireless Interface IEEE 802.11b , IEEE 802.11g , Bluetooth 2.1 EDR
 Conference Call Capability
 Speakerphone
 Polyphonic Ringer
 Additional Features aGPS , Integrated digital compass
 Digital player supported digital audio standards AAC , MP3 , WAV , AIFF , Apple
Lossless
 Display type 3.5 in TFT active matrix
 Max resolution 480 x 320
 Battery installed (max) Lithium ion

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KINGSUN EF800 Smart phones

Country of Origin: China (mainland)

Prices : Unknown

Manufacturer: Shenzhen Kingsun Technology Co., Ltd

Shenzhen Kingsun Technology Co., Ltd

Room 408, B Bldg., M-Space,
Industry 3 Rd., Shekou
Nanshan District
Shenzhen
Guangdong
China  518067
Tel:  (86 755) 26697351
Fax:  (86 755) 26893053
Mobile:  (86) 13823231743

Key Specifications/Special Features:

 3.2-inch TFT
 Windows Mobile 6.1

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 Touch screen, Handwriting

 Slide to unlock screen
 CDMA 2000 EVDO rev. A
 GPS/I - Fi
 MMS/LMS/WAP
 Supports FM radio
 MP3/MP4 Player
 Supports Bluetooth function
 Recording
 Camera: 3.0 megapixels
 2G T-flash card supported
 USB disk function supported
 Multiple languages

The BlackBerry® Bold™ smart phone

Country of Origin : United States

Prices : $ 599.99

Manufacturer : Blackberry

Key Specifications / Special Features :

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 Email

 Fast Perfomance. The BlackBerry Bold smart phone was designed to take
advantage of the speeds available on the HSDPA network1,3. Help support your
need to multitask and prioritize with access to your voice and data services at the
same time.

 Advanced Phone Features

 Instant Messaging
 Internet Browser
 Camera and Video Recording
 GPS and BlackBerry Maps
 Wifi Support
 Mobile Streaming. The built-in mobile streaming capabilities on the BlackBerry
Bold smart phone are designed so that you can watch online videos or listen to
streamed music broadcasts
 Brilliant Display. Color and clarity come to life. The screen of the BlackBerry
Bold smart phone catches the eye and is designed to deliver color and clarity that
exceed expectations
 Power. With the BlackBerry Bold smart phone’s long-lasting, removable battery,
you’ve got the power to get things done, whether you’re traveling, working away
from the office or just on the go.

Sony Ericsson p990i

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Manufacturer : Sony Ericsson

Prices : Unknown

Where to buy? : Official Sony Ericsson Online Store and Sony Ericsson Retail Store

Key Specifications/ Features :

Web wherever : Browsing the Web and manage your email effectively with the
convenience of your phone, wherever you are.

Push email : Instant email on your mobile phone,

The Bluetooth™ : Bluetooth™ wireless technology

Symbian™ OS : An open operating system for mobile devices that enables you to download
new applications to your phone

Flight mode : Function that inactivates radio transmitters and receivers so that some functions
can be used in places such as planes and hospitals.
Video streaming : Enjoy real-time video feeds from the Internet - no need to wait for the
download or use up storage space on your phone, just stream it.
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3G : Quick and easy access to broadband Internet. Say hello to video calls, audio and video
streaming, Internet surfing, multimedia messaging and email on the go.

Touchscreen : Using a stylus or pointer, you can navigate the phone menu by touching icons or
menu items on the screen.

ADVANTAGES.

Because greater functionality is built-in, smartphones can do things much more quickly than
their standard mobile phone and PDA precursors.

a) live (online) access to data

b) reduces the number of devices a doctor needs to carry
c) much better web browsing capability than a cell phone
d) integration of contact / phonebook databases

There are a lot of advantages of using smartphone especially for business users. These
advantages will help them to improve their work’s capability. In addition, they can use
smartphone everywhere and anytime. Smartphone will not limited their time even though during
their relax time at home with their family.

1. Keeping you organized – smartphone handsets can function as personal organizers, with
electronic diaries, contact lists, and automatic reminders.
2. Flexible working - as with a PDA, you can use your smartphone to take notes, review
and edit your appointments, contacts and documents, all while you're on the move.
3. Information at your fingertips – more and more services are being made available on
smartphones, from access to maps and directions to television transmissions with news

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coverage or weather reports to traffic information and scheduling alerts - which means
your business, can always stay one step ahead of what's going on. Smartphones combine
the functionality of PDAs, wireless PCs, phones, and even digital cameras in one handset,
making them a powerful business tool also.
4. Never out of touch - you can connect to the internet for e-mail and web access 'on the
move', or connect to your computer network to access relevant data, wherever you are,
making it easier for remote workers, or a mobile workforce to stay in touch with the
business.
5. Better information sharing - considerably more data can be received and transmitted
via a smartphone, such as large e-mail attachments or data files from websites. Previous
mobiles could only manage small e-mails without attachments.
6. Greater functionality - many models offer built-in digital cameras with immediate snap
and send functionality, so remote workers or offsite staff can instantly photograph and
send images or videos of anything from supplier's goods to site inspections or damaged
warehouse machinery. Smartphones could offer you a new way of marketing to
customers, Multimedia Messaging Services (MMS) lets you include animation, graphics
and music in a message.
7. Faster communication - web access is quicker than in previously available mobiles,
making it easier to access e-mail and information from the Net. Some models and carriers
offer an 'always-on' internet access service making connection easier.

FUTURE INNOVATION.

Smartphones of 2010's years will be for sure much better than the ones available today.
There are three components in the future smartphones solution: mobile hardware, mobile OS
and Web-based ecosystem, according to Motorola's Stark. This new ecosystem will integrate
a large variety of applications and services, which will come for a wide range of providers,
small and big, but there will be some key features which will guide all this development;
contacts, calendar, payment, identity, content management and access and location services.
Besides that, another important aspects for the future of smartphones is the importance of

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development direction . it is about the interaction with the user, and sensor-based
smartphones. Motion sensors, accelerometers and gesture reading devices should improve a
lot this interaction, and combined with the connectivity widespread, it should create a new set
of opportunities for consumers. Although smartphones have come a long way in the last ten
years, the next ten years are likely to witness even more growth and innovation:

 Component prices will continue to fall – resulting in smartphones at prices to suit all
pockets. Market analysts envisage that more than one billion mobile Smartphones will be
sold by the year 2011.
 Quality, performance, and robustness will continue to improve, meaning that the
appeal of smartphones extends beyond technology aficionados and early adopters, into
the huge mainstream audience of “ordinary users” for whom reliability and usability have
pivotal importance.
 The smartphone ecosystem will continue to devise, develop, and deploy interesting new
services for smartphones, addressing all corners of human life and personal need. The
smartphones will become thinner in the near future. According to the ARCchart, it
conjectures that more than 38 percent of all the mobile Smartphones will use touch
screens and touch panels by the end of 2012. The iPhone uses a higher touch screen, for
example, which can even sense multiple spots of contact at the same time.
 The broadband Internet connectivity features in smartphones, which becomes more
and more available no matter the location. Next generation of wireless network is on its
way, and Verizon, Wireless and Sprint already have 3G coverage running across a large
part of the United States. AT&T and T-Mobile are slowly catching up and these 3G
connections will evolve to 3.5G in time, and this means higher downloading and
uploading speeds, and the trends show a fast evolution towards 4G. Internet applications
will become more and more tied to mobility, and the applications which offer services
like GPS location and navigation or social networking will be present in all smartphones,
and they will enrich these smart devices.
 Bluetooth is integrated already in almost every smartphone. In few years time, Bluetooth
will move towards better connectivity and faster data transfers.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY.

1. http://www.CIOzone.com . Retrieved 20th August 2009

2. http://dw2-0.com. Retrieved 20th August 2009
3. http://www.shutupandgoogleit.com. Retrieved 21st August 2009
4. http://www.cameraphonesplaza.com. Retrieved 21st August 2009
5. http://en.wikipedia.org. Retrieved 21st August 2009
6. http://www.sonyericsson.com. Retrieved 23rd August 2009
7. http://na.blackberry.com Retrieved 23rd August 2009
8. http://www.apple.com Retrieved 23rd August 2009

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