CAT Electrical Glossary
CAT Electrical Glossary
CAT Electrical Glossary
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Systems Operation
SR4B Generators
Media Number -SENR5359-13 Publication Date -01/10/2014 Date Updated -10/10/2014
i01731631
Glossary
SM CS - 4450
Anode - An anode is the positive end of a diode or an anode is the positive end of a rectifier.
Blocking Rectifier - A blocking rectifier permits direct current flow in only one direction.
Bolted - A bolted device uses a bolt to hold two or more parts together.
Bridge - A bridge is a circuit that is used to measure small quantities of current, voltage, or
resistance.
Bridge Rectifier - A bridge rectifier is a circuit that is used to change alternating current (AC) to
direct current (DC).
Cathode - A cathode is the negative end of a diode or a cathode is the negative end of a rectifier.
Circuit Breaker - A circuit breaker is an automatic switch that is used to open a circuit.
Circulating Current - Circulating current is the flow of current between two or more generators
that are working in parallel. Circulating current is also the flow of current between two or more
generators that are parallel with a utility line.
Control - A control is a device that controls another device. A control is also a circuit that
controls a device.
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Direct Current (DC) - Direct current is current flow that moves in only one direction in a given
circuit.
De-energized - A de-energized input refers to stopping the current that is going to a component.
Distribution Winding - Distribution windings go from one end of the core to the other end of the
core. These windings are arranged in groups that are located in several slots.
Excitation - Excitation is controlled direct current (DC) that is used to make a magnetic field.
Electrostatic Charge - Electrostatic charge is electricity that is caused by induced voltage and
stored charge.
Exciter - An exciter supplies direct current (DC) to the field windings of the generator.
Field - A field is a magnetic line of force that surrounds a conductor. This force is caused by
current flow in the conductor.
Field Windings - Field windings are many turns of wire that are wrapped around an iron core.
When direct current (DC) flows through the field windings, a magnetic field is produced. This
magnetic field is comparable to the magnetic field of a bar magnet.
Flashing - Flashing is a process of putting direct current from an external source into the field
windings. This process causes the generator to produce an output voltage.
Full-Wave Rectifier - A full-wave rectifier changes the positive phase and the negative phase of
alternating current to direct current.
Gain - Gain relates to the relationship between input magnitude and output magnitude.
I nduce - This refers to the transfer of power from one device to another device. The transfer is
done via a magnetic field or via an electric field.
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I nstrumentation - Instrumentation is a group of instruments that are used for measuring a system
function.
Line Voltage - Line voltage is the output voltage of the generator that is measured between the
generator leads (phases).
Lock I n - A lock in occurs when a contact closes in order to keep a device in an energized state.
Lock Out - Lockout occurs when a contact opens in order to keep a device in a de-energized state.
Oscillation - Oscillation is the flow of electricity that periodically changes direction and/or
magnitude.
Permanent M agnet (PM ) - A permanent magnet supplies the initial magnetism that is required to
start a PMPE generator.
Permanent magnet pilot exciter (PM PE) - PMPE generators receive power for the voltage
regulator from a pilot exciter. A PMPE generator consists of a permanent magnet and a pilot
exciter.
Phase Winding - A phase winding is a group of generator stator coils. Electric power for one
phase of the load is induced in the phase winding.
Polarity - Polarity is the positive characteristics or the negative characteristics of two poles.
Pulsating - Pulsating relates to the characteristics of current that are similar to mechanical
vibration.
Radio Suppression - Radio suppression reduces the amplitude of radio frequency interference.
Reciprocating - Reciprocating motion is motion that first moves in a straight line in one direction.
The direction of this motion then varies by 180 degrees.
Rectifier - A rectifier is a diode circuit that converts alternating current (AC) to direct current
(DC).
Rotating Rectifier - A rotating rectifier is mounted to a plate on a generator shaft. This plate then
rotates with the generator shaft.
Regenerative Power - Regenerative power is power that works against primary power.
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Reset - A reset returns a switch to a ready condition. In addition, a reset returns a circuit to a ready
condition.
Saturable Reactor - A saturable reactor has characteristics that are similar to a valve. As the load
changes, a valve opens in order to give more current to the output or a valve closes in order to give
less current to the output.
Saturated - A device has been saturated when the device has been magnetized in excess. When
saturation occurs, a large increase in current results in a small increase in magnetic force.
Series Boost - A series boost is an attachment that allows generator output to continue for a short
time during a line failure. This allows the circuit breaker to trip in sequence.
Short - A short is an undesired electrical connection that exists between two or more components.
Shutdown - A shutdown occurs when the engine is stopped. This shutdown can occur manually or
this shutdown can occur automatically.
Simultaneous - A simultaneous occurrence refers to two actions that happen at the same time.
Tap - A tap is a connection at the midpoint of a circuit. From this tap, power is taken from the
circuit.
Transfer - A transfer refers to moving something from one point to another point. A transfer also
refers to converting something from one state to another state.
Transient Peak Voltage - A transient peak voltage is a high voltage condition of limited duration.
Turn-on - When a device is turned on, the device is activated or the device is started.
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Voltage Droop Resistor - A voltage droop resistor is a variable resistor. This resistor is used to
control the change of voltage. This can occur when a generator is paralleled with another
generator. This can also occur when the generator is paralleled with a utility.
Voltage Gain Resistor - A voltage gain resistor is a variable resistor. This resistor is used to
control the change of voltage from no load to full load.
Voltage Level Rheostat - A voltage level rheostat gives a range of control that is used when the
voltage output level is adjusted.
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