Useful formulas:

Motion in the x, y or z-directions Uniform Circular Motion Geometry /Algebra

v2
r f = r0 + v 0 r t + 12 a r t 2 ar =
r Circles Triangles Spheres
v2 C = 2πr A = 12 bh A = 4πr 2
v fr = v 0 r + a r t Fr = ma r = m
r
A = πr 2
V = 43 πr 3
2πr
v fr = v 0 r + 2 a r ∆r v=
2 2

T Quadratic equation : ax 2 + bx + c = 0,
mm − b ± b 2 − 4ac
FG = G 1 2 2 whose solutions are given by : x =
r 2a

Vectors Useful Constants

magnitude of a vector = vx + v 2 y
2
g = 9. 8 m s 2 G = 6.67 × 10 −11 Nm 2
kg 2
1 rev = 2π rad
⎛ vy ⎞ N A = 6.02 × 10 23 atoms
k B = 1.38 × 10 − 23 J
direction of a vector → φ = tan −1 ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟ mole K
⎝ vx ⎠
σ = 5.67 × 10 −8 W
2
m K 4 v sound = 343 m s Pair = 1.013 × 10 5 N / m 2

Linear Momentum/Forces Work/Energy Heat

→ →
p =mv K t = 12 mv 2
→ → → TC = 59 [TF − 32]
p f = p i + F ∆t Kr = 1
Iω 2
2
TF = 95 TC + 32
→ →
F = ma U g = mgh Lnew = Lold (1 + α∆T )
→ → Anew = Aold (1 + 2α∆T )
Fs = − k x U S = 12 kx 2
Vnew = Vold (1 + β∆T ) : β = 3α
F f = µF N W T = FdCos θ = ∆ E T
PV = NkBT
W R = τθ = ∆ E R 3
kBT = 12 mv2
W net = W R + W T = ∆ E R + ∆ E T 2

∆Q = mc∆T
∆E R + ∆E T + ∆U g + ∆U S = 0
∆Q kA
∆ E R + ∆ E T + ∆ U g + ∆ U S = − ∆ E diss PC = = ∆T
∆t L
∆Q
PR = = εσA∆T 4
∆T
∆U = ∆Q − ∆W
Rotational Motion Fluids Simple Harmonic Motion/Waves

θ f = θ i + ωi t + 12 αt 2 M 2π
ρ= ω = 2π f =
V T
ω f = ωi + αt
F m
P= TS = 2π
ω 2 f = ω 2 i + 2α∆θ A k
τ = Iα = rF Pd = P0 + ρgd l
FB = ρgV T P = 2π
L = Iω g
∆ s = r ∆ θ : v = r ω : at = r α P1 + 12 ρv21 + ρgh1 = P2 + 12 ρv22 + ρgh2 1

k ⎛ x2 ⎞ 2

v = ± A ⎜⎜ 1 − ⎟⎟
a r = rω 2 m ⎝ A2 ⎠
x (t ) = A sin ( 2Tπ t )
Sound
v (t ) = A
k
cos ( 2Tπ t )
m
v = fλ = (331 + 0.6T ) m
s

I a (t ) = − A
k
sin ( 2Tπ t )
β = 10 log ; I o = 1×10 −12 W
m2
m
I0 FT
v = fλ =
v v µ
f n = nf1 = n ; f n = nf1 = n
2L 4L v
f n = nf 1 = n
2L
I = 2π 2
f 2 ρ vA 2