Ito na po answer key>>> yung may yan po sagot.

<3

ENGLISH
1. I thought I _______ her before, but I was wrong.
A. met
B. had met <3

C. had meet
D. have met
2. Bread and butter ______ our daily food.
A. is <3

B. are
C. were
D. has
3. Every silver knife, fork, and spoon _____ to be counted.
A. Have
B. Were
C. Has <3

D. Was
FILIPINO
1. Ilan ang ponema ng wikang Filipino?
A. 28
B. 20
C. 31
D. 21 <3

2. Alin ang di karaniwang anyo ng pandiwang HINTAY KA?

A. Tay
B. Tayka
C. Intay
D. Teka <3

3. Alin ang di karaniwang anyo ng pandiwang WINIKA KO?

A. Ikako
B. Wika ko
C. Kako <3

D. Wika ko
SCIENCE
1. All except one is considered as a water soluble vitamin?
A. Retinol <3

B. Cyanocobalamin
C. Thiamin
D. Niacin
2. What do you call the opening found on leaves?
A. Stoma <3

B. Lenticels
C. Guard cells
D. Pores
3. Considered a renewable resource.
A. peat
B. coal
C. air <3

D. petroleum
Soc. Sci.
1. Mother of Biak na Bato by Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo.
A. Teresa Magbanua
B. Agueda Esteban
C. Teodora Alonso
D. Trinidad Tecson <3

2. Visayan Joan of Arc

A.Teresa Magbanua <3

B. Agueda Esteban
C. Teodora Alonso
D. Trinidad Tecson
3. The world: The Nike River. The Philippines: ________
A. Agno River
B. Rio Grande de Mindanao
C. Rio Grande de Pampanga
D. Cagayan River <3

=Miss Moon=

Vocabulary Review 9
1. affliction – state of pain, distress, or grief
Sample Sentence: We must not abandon our brothers and sisters in the time of their affliction.
2. cajole – to persuade someone to do something or to give you something by making promises or
saying nice things
Sample Sentence: Anna, the favorite daughter in the family, cajoled her father to buy her a new
computer.
3. drought – a long period of dry weather
Sample Sentence: Many crops were damaged because of the 5-month drought.
4. dumbfounded – so shocked that you cannot speech
Sample Sentence: Maria was dumbfounded when her boyfriend proposed to her in front of so many
people.
5. extol – to praise highly
Sample Sentence: His first movie was extolled by critics for its profound originality and musical
scoring.
6. illicit – not legally authorized; not allowed
Sample: A teacher and student relationship in the same school is an illicit affair.
7. harangue – a scolding or a long verbal attack; a long and passionate speech
Sample Sentence: He delivered his speech in a harangue: full of passion, vehemence, and
discourse.
8. reverberate – to continue in a series of repeated sounds
Sample Sentence: The sound of his voice reverberates across the room.
9. succumb – to give away to a superior force; to yield to disease, or wounds (die)
Sample Sentence: After 3 years of suffering, she finally succumbed to cancer.
10. vehement – strongly emotional, passionate, zealous
Sample Sentence: Despite the vehement protest of the employees, the company did not give in to
increasing their salary or other benefits
>Miss Moon<

VOCABULARY
1. diabolical
showing cunning or ingenuity or wickedness
2. debacle
a sudden and violent collapse
3. dragnet
a conical fishnet dragged through the water at great depths
4. accomplice
a person who joins with another in carrying out some plan
5. abduct
take away to an undisclosed location against their will
6. masticate
bite and grind with the teeth
7. oar
an implement used to propel or steer a boat
8. ewe
female sheep
9. manifest
clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment
10. motley
consisting of a haphazard assortment of different kinds
11. taxonomy
a classification of organisms based on similarities
12. entail
have as a logical consequence
13. empathise
be understanding of
14. ostentation
pretentious or showy or vulgar display
15. grubby
thickly covered with ingrained dirt or soot
16. disingenuous
not straightforward or candid
17. iffy
subject to accident or chance or change
18. winch
lifting device consisting of a horizontal cylinder turned by a crank on which a cable or rope winds
19. backtrack
retrace one's course
20. pique
a sudden outburst of anger
21. siphon
a tube used to move liquid from one vessel to another
22. edgy
being in a tense state
23. volte-face
a major change in attitude or principle or point of view
24. hokum
a message that seems to convey no meaning
25. onus
an onerous or difficult concern
26. uppish
(used colloquially) overly conceited or arrogant
27. insidious
working or spreading in a hidden and usually injurious way
28. flaccid
drooping without elasticity
29. abject
of the most contemptible kind
30. bleak
unpleasantly cold and damp
31. chastise
censure severely
32. disdain
lack of respect accompanied by a feeling of intense dislike
33. encumbrance
an onerous or difficult concern
34. flimsy
a thin strong lightweight translucent paper
35. grisly
shockingly repellent; inspiring horror
36. hapless
deserving or inciting pity
37. intrigue
a crafty and involved plot to achieve your ends
38. jaded
exhausted
39. keen
intense or sharp
40. dainty
something considered choice to eat
41. tarry
leave slowly and hesitantly
42. knuckle
a joint of a finger when the fist is closed
43. discrete
constituting a separate entity or part
44. efface
remove by or as if by rubbing or erasing
45. evident
clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment
46. composure
steadiness of mind under stress
47. embargo
a government order imposing a trade barrier
48. interdict
command against
49. intrepid
invulnerable to fear or intimidation
50. importune
beg persistently and urgently
51. destitute
poor enough to need help from others
52. pauper
a person who is very poor
53. evacuation
the act of leaving a dangerous place in an orderly fashion
54. yuppie
a young upwardly mobile professional individual
55. silo
a cylindrical tower used for storing silage
56. demur
politely refuse or take exception to
57. acumen
shrewdness shown by keen insight
58. antebellum
belonging to a period before a war
59. bellicose
having or showing a ready disposition to fight
60. bowdlerize
edit by omitting or modifying parts considered indelicate
61. abjure
formally reject or disavow a formerly held belief
62. circumlocution
an indirect way of expressing something
63. ameliorate
to make better
64. accolade
a tangible symbol signifying approval or distinction
65. apprise
inform somebody of something
66. agile
moving quickly and lightly
67. clandestine
conducted with or marked by hidden aims or methods
68. clemency
leniency and compassion shown toward offenders
69. conspicuous
obvious to the eye or mind
70. havoc
violent and needless disturbance
71. jeopardy
a source of danger
72. exorbitant
greatly exceeding bounds of reason or moderation
73. fiasco
a complete failure or collapse
74. sap
a watery solution in the vascular system of a plant
75. blend
mix together different elements
76. exultation
the utterance of sounds expressing great joy
77. forthwith
without delay or hesitation; with no time intervening
78. fortitude
strength of mind that enables one to endure adversity
79. jubilant
full of high-spirited delight
80. relinquish
turn away from; give up
81. redundant
more than is needed, desired, or required
82. sordid
foul and run-down and repulsive
83. sporadic
recurring in scattered or unpredictable instances
84. ruthless
without mercy or pity
85. heartfelt
earnest
86. amity
a state of friendship and cordiality
87. honorary
given as an award without the normal duties
88. excerpt
a passage selected from a larger work
89. amiable
diffusing warmth and friendliness
90. zenith
the point above the observer directly opposite the nadir
91. pinnacle
a slender upright spire at the top of a buttress of tower
92. dilemma
state of uncertainty in a choice between unfavorable options
93. paradox
a statement that contradicts itself
94. admonish
scold or reprimand; take to task
95. pilfer
make off with belongings of others
96. foe
an armed adversary
97. woe
misery resulting from affliction
98. mendicant
a pauper who lives by begging
99. importune
beg persistently and urgently
100. mull
reflect deeply on a subject
SOURCE: Compiled Reviewer -Civil Service
>Miss Moon<

VOCABULARY 3
1. boisterous – noisy, rough, and energetic
Sample Sentence: The sound of her boisterous laughter was disturbing everyone.
2. camaraderie – a feeling of friendship to a group; good-fellowship
Sample Sentence: One of the most valuable things you learn in school aside from academic lessons
is camaraderie.
3. conundrum – a difficult problem having only a guess as an answer; a riddle or puzzle
Sample Sentence: The origin of the universe has always been a conundrum to humankind.
4. divergent – to follow to different directions; deviates from the standard
Sample Sentence: My business partners and I have divergent ideas on how to runour company.
5. foster – to help grow or develop
Sample Sentence: The UN has helped foster peace and equality among all the nations in the world.
6. intuitive – having to know or understand by means of feelings (and not by facts)
Sample Sentence: Most people have the intuitive knowledge of right and wrong.
7. mundane – worldly, common, ordinary
Sample Sentence: His mundane desires make people think that he is a shallow person.
8. opulent – expensive and luxurious
Sample Sentence: Before he went bankrupt, he had an opulent lifestyle.
9. procrastinate – to delay to do something because it is boring; to delay doing something out of
laziness
Sample Sentence: Even if you procrastinate, you will still make a decision, so I suggest that you
make up your mind once and for all.
10. spontaneous – done or said without lots of thoughts and planning
Sample Sentence: My friend has a habit of spontaneous visiting even in late hours of the evening.
>Miss Moon<

Vocabulary Review 1
1. alleviate – to make easier to endure, to lessen
Sample Sentence: After this operation, take three tablets everyday to alleviatethe pain.
2. amicable – friendly, showing good will
Sample Sentence: After so many years of battle in courts, the two families finally agreed on an
amicable settlement.
3. benevolent – showing good will, desiring to help others
Sample Sentence: The first time I saw him, I knew that he was a benevolentperson.
4. inevitable – sure to happen, unavoidable, certain
Sample Sentence: Death is inevitable. Taxes too.
5. scrutinize – to examine in detail
Sample Sentence: The guy who entered the building was suspicious, so the police scrutinized
belongings.
6. tenacious – persistent, stubborn, obstinate, retentive
Sample Sentences
 That guy has been courting me for 5 years. He was so tenacious that I finally fell in love with him.
 I have quite a tenacious memory. I can’t forget a face.
7. disdain – to scorn, to treat with contempt, despise
After the death of his wife, he was offered a large amount of money by his boss, but he refused it
with disdain.
8. evident – plain or clear to the sight or understanding
Sample Sentence: Even when he was young, it was evident that he will do great things.
9. frugal – not wasteful, thrifty
Sample Sentence: All his life, he had been frugal in his expenses. No wonder he has a lot of money.
10. superficial – lacking in content, shallow
Sample Sentence: Sometimes, his writings seems superficial, but when you look at them deeply,
you will see the real meaning.
>Miss Moon<

with <3 <<< ANSWER KEY

1.) Out of the given alternatives, choose the one which is nearest in meaning of word "PIQUE"
1.) Subdue
2.) Irritate <3

3.) Repent
4.) Request
5.) None
2.) The country resources should be "JUDICIOUSLY" used
1.) Sparingly
2.) Reasonable <3

3.) Adequately
4.) Immensely
5.) None
INSTRUCTIONS: Choose the word that is most similar in meaning to the underlined word or phrase.
1.) If you are ambivalent with the answers, analyze the given problem.
1.) Confusion
2.) Innocent
3.) Uncertain <3

4.) Unaware
2.) He left the country because of the ominous experiences he had in the past.
1.) Unforgettable
2.) Threatening <3

3.) Ugly
4.) Remarkable
3.) Teenagers are easily susceptible to peer influence.
1.) Flexible
2.) Inspired
3.) Dependable
4.) Inclined <3

4.) My mother is always adamant in eating breakfast before leaving the house.
1.) Resolute <3

2.) Uncertain
3.) Forgetful
4.) Clueless
5.) Reading words without understanding their meaning is futile.
1.) Helpless
2.) Useless <3

3.) Unnecessary
4.) Avoidable
6.) She wears gold but people know how ostentatious she can be.
1.) Pretentious <3

2.) Ambitious
3.) Gorgeous
4.) Rebellious
7.) He submitted a grotesque artwork that nobody in the class could relate to.
1.) Different
2.) Weird <3

3.) Beautiful
4.) colorful
8.) Their clandestine affair remained unknown for three years.
1.) Forbidden
2.) Surprise
3.) Secret <3

4.) Unacceptable
9.) They say love is like a firework, a fleeting moment.
1.) Brief <3

2.) Unforgettable
3.) Shinny
4.) Remarkable
10.) Cara is repulsive and rebellious. She always speaks sordid words.
1.) Dirty
2.) Vulgar <3

3.) Weird
4.) Bizarre
11.) Every time I see Cathy looking at me, I feel Euphoria in my bones.
1.) Gravity
2.) Ecstasy <3

3.) Eroticism
4.) Numb
12.) I bought this book because when I read the blurb at the back, I feel in love with it
1.) Summary
2.) Teaser <3

3.) Blog
4.) Plot
13.) Finding a way out of the labyrinth is the last challenge of the competition.
1.) Castle
2.) Forest
3.) Maze <3

4.) Box
14.) There is still love in our hearts amidst our seemingly mundane existence.
1.) Complicated
2.) Modern
3.) Worldly <3

15.) Cassington has a strong penchant in collecting cars.

1.) Belief
2.) Fondness <3

3.) Hobby
4.) Route
16.) Diskettes and CS are going obsolete. ( U.Word -obsolete)
1.) Recycled
2.) Refurbished
3.) Updated
4.) Outdated <3

17.) The Queen of the Night dances vivaciously.

1.) Lively <3

2.) Awkward
3.) Kindly
4.) Sweetly
18.) The court released a dogmatic statement that made people more hopeful.
1.) Naïve
2.) Unbelievable
3.) Assertive <3

4.) Unclear
19.) This generation is prone to plethoric use of mobile gadgets.
1.) Essential
2.) Crucial
3.) Important
4.) Excessive <3

20.) I am usually haphazard in composing my poetry but they turn out so well anyway.
1.) Disorganized <3

2.) Blank
3.) Puzzled
4.) Strategic
21.) The father __upbraided___ his children for their extravagance.
1.) Advocated
2.) Scorned
3.) Scolded <3

4.) Praised
5.) Punished
22.) Science is constantly seeking to discover the __immutable__ laws of nature.
1.) Silent
2.) Unchangeable <3
3.) Constant
4.) Impenettable
5.) Varied

GENERAL EDUCATION
1. Despite her parent's complaint, she decided to live by ________ in Manila.
A. her B. herself C. oneself D. himself
2. Your findings are impertinent to the results of this investigation. The underlined word means
A. malicious B. violent C. important D. irrelevant
3. The price of these sneakers _____ reasonable.
A. is B. are C. seem D. aren't
4. The famous singer and composer ___ arrived.
A. have B. has C. will D. is
5. Some of my friends _____here.
A. are B. was C. will D. am
6. The pair of scissors____ on the table.
A. was left B. were left C. was leaving D. is leaving
7. Joan lives ____ Santillan Road.
A. In B. on C. at D. to
8. The test was hard for Alice and _____.
A. me B. I C. myself D. himself
9. He is the _______ of the two brothers.
A. most tall B. tallest C. very tall D. taller
10. Those are probably the _____ blankets in the store.
A. least fancy B. fanciest C. most fanciest D. most fancy
11. The kittens play with each other happily. Which word in the sentence is an adverb?
A. kittens B. each C. play D. happily
12. Your sister is paying for your tuition fee, _______?
A. aren't you B. isn't it C. is she D. isn't she
13. _______not making the most of _______ opportunities.
A. You're-your B. You're- you're C. You-your D. You're- you
14. Both Rony and ____ plan to go.
A. my B. me C. myself D. I
15. Which sounds like "when"?
A. Pin B. Whine C. While D. Pet
16. He was as helpless as a child. Classify this statement.
A. Simile B. Idioms C. Synonym D. Hyperbole
17. She is a rose is an example of a _______.
A. Idiom B. Metaphor C. Simile D. Hyperbole
18. News travels as fast as the wind. This statement is a/an______.
A. Idiom B. Metaphor C. Simile D. Hyperbole
19. Stop shilly-shallying and make-up you mind. This serves as not to ________.
A. go ahead B. hesitate C. decide D. continue
20. What figure of speech is employed when the author states. "O souls and spirits of the martyred brave
arise?"
A. Idiom B. Metaphor C. Simile D. Apostrophe
21. Wala ______ lahat maliban sa ilang katulong na na nagliligpit ng mga kalat.
A. ng B. nang
22. Naipadala na _____Traffic manager, na si Narciso, ang tugon sa pahatid-kawad.
A. ng B. nang
23. Dapat ka _____ matuto sa lahat ng darating pang mga suliranin.
A. ng B. nang
24. Marami _____ bayani ng sangkatauhan ay makapagkilala sa pamamagitan ng pahayagan.
A. ng B. nang
25. Tawa ______ tawa ang kapatid ko dahil sa palabas.
A. ng B. nang
26. Bukas na _____ umaga.
A. ng B. nang
27. Bukas na ______ maaga.
A. ng B. nang
28. Mag-aral ka _____ mabuti.
A. ng B. nang
29. Paborito ko _____ iyan.
A. rin B. din
30. Ang kaibigan _____ ay sadyang malapit sa akin.
A. rin B. din
>Miss Moon<
CORRECT ANSWERS>>> 1 B 2 D 3 A 4 B 5 A 6 A 7 B 8 A 9 D 10 B 11 D 12 D 13 A 14 D 15 D 16 A 17 B 18 C
19 B 20 D 21 B 22 A 23 B 24 B 25 B 26 A 27 B 28 B 29 A 30 B >Miss Moon<

PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION
Qs with As
41. Center of Excellence- CHED
42. Integral part of teaching process- CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT
43. BP Blg. 232 SHALL ESTABLISH< MAINTAIN…
44. Cluster remote stand-alone school is under one lead school ahead strong influence-
GEOGRAPHICAL
45. Failure of ended- DEPENDENCE ON HIGHER AUTHORITY
46. President Fidel Ramos- EFA (Education for All)
47. Bottom up management style-INVOLVEMENT OF STUDENTS, PARENTS, TEACHER AND
COMMUNITY IN SCHOOL
48. GENDER EQUALITY IN EDUCATION
49. Learning to Know- UNDERSTANDING
50. GENDER EQUALITY
51. Realia –FEASIBLE
52. Learning to live together-
53. Ex. Volcanoes erupted- MOCK –UP
54. Topic” Discuss Earth- MODEL
55. With-it-ness-JACOB KOUNIN- AWARE WHAT IS HAPPENING IN THE CLASSROOM
56. Orderly Transition- MATERIALS READILY AVAILABLE
57. Nearest from the real thing-EDGAR DALE- CONE OF EXPERIENCE – WATCHING DEMO
58. Referent power- FEELING OF TRUST AND ACCEPTANCE
59. Routine Activities- ESTABLISH ON FIRST DAY OF SCHOOL
60. Low profile classroom technique- MANAGE MISBEHAVIOR
>Miss Moon<

Principles of learning
Educational psychologists and pedagogues have identified several principles of learning, also
referred to as laws of learning, which seem generally applicable to the learning process. These
principles have been discovered, tested, and used in practical situations. They provide additional
insight into what makes people learn most effectively. Edward Thorndike developed the first three
"Laws of learning:" readiness, exercise, and effect. Since Thorndike set down his basic three laws in
the early part of the twentieth century, five additional principles have been added: primacy, recency,
intensity, freedom and requirement.
Readiness
Readiness implies a degree of concentration and eagerness. Individuals learn best when they are
physically, mentally, and emotionally ready to learn, and do not learn well if they see no reason for
learning. Getting students ready to learn, creating interest by showing the value of the subject
matter, and providing continuous mental or physical challenge, is usually the instructor’s
responsibility. If students have a strong purpose, a clear objective, and a definite reason for learning
something, they make more progress than if they lack motivation. In other words, when students are
ready to learn, they meet the instructor at least halfway, simplifying the instructor’s job.
Since learning is an active process, students must have adequate rest, health, and physical ability.
Basic needs of students must be satisfied before they are ready or capable of learning. Students
who are exhausted or in ill health cannot learn much. If they are distracted by outside
responsibilities, interests, or worries, have overcrowded schedules, or other unresolved issues,
students may have little interest in learning. For example, we may identify the situation of an
academic examination of a school, in which the cause of securing good marks in various subjects
leads to mentally and emotionally readiness of students to do more hard labour in acquiring
knowledge.
Exercise
The principle of exercise states that those things most often repeated are best remembered. It is the
basis of drill and practice. It has been proven that students learn best and retain information longer
when they have meaningful practice and repetition. The key here is that the practice must be
meaningful. It is clear that practice leads to improvement only when it is followed by positive
feedback.
The human memory is fallible. The mind can rarely retain, evaluate, and apply new concepts or
practices after a single exposure. Students do not learn complex tasks in a single session. They
learn by applying what they have been told and shown. Every time practice occurs, learning
continues. These include student recall, review and summary, and manual drill and physical
applications. All of these serve to create learning habits. The instructor must repeat important items
of subject matter at reasonable intervals, and provide opportunities for students to practice while
making sure that this process is directed toward a goal. But in some or many cases, there is no need
for regular practice if the skill is acquired once. For instance if we have learnt cycling once, we will
not forget the knowledge or skill even if we aren't exercising it for a long time.
Effect
The principle of effect is based on the emotional reaction of the student. It has a direct relationship to
motivation. The principle of effect is that learning is strengthened when accompanied by a pleasant
or satisfying feeling.
Source: Wikipedia
>Miss Moon<

THEORIES AND THEIR PROPONENTS

Wilhelm Woundt = german psycologist “founder of modern psychology.
✔

Titchener = structuralism psychology

✔

William james, G. Stanley Hall, James M. Cattell…. these three promote “functionalism psychology
 Charles darwin = theories to mental characteristics as human think, feel & behave(” evolutionary
✔

psychology”)
Herman Ebbinghaus = associationism psychology
✔

Edwin Guthrie = (stimulus and response ) :; temporal conguity

✔

Edward Lee Thorndike = “satisfaction” “the law of effect”.

✔

Ivan Pavlov = involuntary behavior

✔

Max Wertheimer = gestalt psychology

✔

Otto Loewi = discovered “acetylchloline” respobsible in stimulation of muscles

✔

Ulf von Euler discovered “norepinephrine” bringing our nervous system into “high alert”
✔

Arvid Carlsson discovered “dopamine” the reward mechanisms in the brain

✔

Jean Piaget — cognitive dev’t , info processing , dynamic interrelation.

✔

Sigmund Freud — psychosexual , psychoanalytic

✔

Erik Erickson — psychosocial

✔

Lawrence Kohlberg — moral dev’t,

✔

Burrhus Frederic Skinner — operant cond.

✔

Ivan Pavlov — classical cond.

✔

Edward Lee Thorndike — connectionism

✔

Albert Bandura — social learning, neo – behaviorism

✔

Robert Gagne — sequence of instruction

✔

Abraham Maslow — hierarchy of needs , motivation theory

✔

William Kohler — insight learning

✔

Robert Havighurst — devt task theory

✔

Benjamin Bloom — bloom’s cognitive taxonomy

✔

Simpsons / Anita Harrow — psychomotor domain

✔

David Krathwohl — affective domain

✔

Jerome Bruner — constructivist, spiral curr, instrumental conceptualism

✔

Lev Vygotsky — socio-cultural theory of cognitive devt , linguistic theory, Scaffolding

✔

Edgar Dale — cone of exp. (20% remember)

✔

kohler,koffka, weirtheimer — gestalt psychology

✔

John Locke — tabularasa , empiricism

✔

Howard Gardner — multiple int.

✔

Noam Chomsky — language acquisition theory , fr of linguistic, nativism

✔

David Ausubel — meaningful learning, graphic organizer, assumption

✔

Charles Cooley — looking glass self theory

✔

John Flavel — metacognition

✔

Sandra Bem — gender schema theory

✔

Elliot Turriel — social domain theory

✔

Robert Sternberg — triachic theory of int.

✔

Johm Watson — behaviorial theory

✔

Maria Montessori — transfer of learning, kinder garten preparation of children.

✔

Edward Tolman — purposive behaviorism and goal oriented

✔

Edward Torrance — creative problem solving

✔

Bernard Weiner — attribution theory

✔

Daniel Goleman/coleman? — emotional intelligence

✔

Wolfgang Ratke — used vernacular for approaching the class.

✔
 mencius — idealistic wing of confucianism
✔

hzun tzu — realistic wing of confusianism

✔

taoism — lao tzu

✔

Herbart spencer — moral devt

✔

Pestallozi — symmetrical and harmonious devt of child

✔

John Jacques Rosseau — nature of child

✔

Arnold Gesell – maturation theory

✔

John Dewey – Learning by doing

✔

David Froebel – Father of kinder garten

✔

John Bowly – Attainment Theory

✔

Edward Boro – Six Thinking Hats Theory

✔

Auguste Comte – Father of Sociology

✔

Carlos Linnaeus – Father of modern taxonomy.

✔

John Amos Comencius – Fr. of modern education.

✔

Erasmus Desiderius – Fr. of humanism/ social humanism

✔

William Kilpatrick – Project method.

✔

PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION
Q with A
21. Thomasites
- DISAMBARKED FROM CSI CALLED THOMAS
22. Erickson said that child aged 3-5 is most likely
- ECO-CENTRIC
23. Child always fight his classmate very short attention span
- ADHD
24. Adopted to provide universal access to basic learning to eradicate illiteracy
- EFA
25. Free public education Article XIV Sec. 2
- THESE LEVELS PROVIDE THE FOUNDATION FOR LIFE FUNCTIONS AND ROLE
26. Philippine Education during revolution period
– ESTALISHMENT NATIONHOOD
27. Shy
- INTROVERT
28. METACOGNITIVE/ METACOGNITION
- thinking about their thinking
29. Jean Jacques Rousseau
- DEALING WITH MISBEHAVIOR STUDENTS
30. Jean Jacques Rousseau- said that
-EVERYONE IS ESSENTIALLY GOOD
31. How teacher uphold high standard of the teaching profession?
- CONTINUOUSLY IMPROVING THEMSELVES
32. Colonial Mentality
- FOREIGNER SUPERIOR
33. Learning to know
- FACILITATOR
34. Pattern of acquiring values is based on values are
- CAUGHT NOT TAUGHT
35. Progressivist
– DEWEY
36. Free movement time allotment
- FLEXIBLE
37. Activities ahead of time
- EMERGENCY ACTIVITY/ FILLER
38. Normal practice followed in the classroom
- ROUTINE
39. DECS changes to DepEd
- RA 9155
40. Teacher controlled his off talk giving him direct contact
- CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT
>Miss Moon<

PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION
Questions and Answers
1. Used as medium of instruction during Spanish- SPANISH
2. Government program allow students who are not accommodated in community public school. To
enroll in private school- GOVERNMENT ASSISTANCE PROGRAM (GAP)
3. CHED– Study Now Pay Later
4. Integrated Approach in both secondry and primary level-BASIC EDUCATION CURRICULUM
(BEC)
5. 1980s foremost education issue – BILINGUAL EDUCATION
6. Support equal access but on the other hand quality might be compromised- OPEN ADMISSION
7. The government education program on _______ made Philippine education Placement Test for
adults and out of school youth.- EQUITABLE ACCESS DEVELOPMENT
8. College students are required to take a constitution course for them to- DEVELOP STUDENTS
INTO RESPONSIBLE AND THINKING STUDENT
9. Education institution effort of developing work skills include the schools are aim at- DEVELOPING
VOCATIONAL EFFICIECY
10. Seek out a classmate for help when problem occurs-INTERPERSONAL INTELEGENCE
11. Dysfunctional family- EMOTIONAL FACTOR
12. Child who is cold towards the people around him might have failed to attain- TRUST
13. Philippine Education during Spanish regime – EMPHASIS ON RELIGIOUS INSTRUCTION
14. Uttered a bad word– DISTINGUISHING RIGHT FROM WRONG
15. Boy closer and girl closer- PHALLIC STAGE
16. Objective of the continuous progression scheme in the elementary 1970-71.- MASS
PROMOTION
17. Fullest/ highest- SELF ACTUALIZATION
18. First American Teacher- THOMASITES
19. Reward – REINFORCEMENT
20. PRC (LET)- RA 7836
Encoded by:
>Miss Moon<

PHYSICS
Wala na pong magcocomment kung nasaan ang answer key, basa basa rin po pag may time.
Thanks!
START>>>
1. When light bends as it enters a different medium the process is known as what?
2. A magnifying glass is what type of lens?
3. Electric resistance is typically measured in what units?
4. A person who studies physics is known as a?
5. Metals expand when heated and do what when cooled?
6. What is the first name of the famous scientist who gave us Newton’s three laws of motion?
7.what state of the art computer technology is used to train pilots when wanting to copy the experience of
flying an aircraft?
8. Electric power is typically measured in what units?
9. The most recognized model of how the universe begun is known as the?
10. Who is the Hubble Space Telescope named after?
11. The wire inside an electric bulb is known as the what?
12. Theoretical physicist James Maxwell was born in what country?
13. Infrared light has a wavelength that is too long or short to be visible for humans?
14. What kind of eclipse do we have when the moon is between the sun and the earth?
15. True or false? Iron is attracted by magnets.
16. What is the earth’s primary source of energy?
17. Conductors have a high or low resistance?
18. Electric current is typically measured in what units?
19. What scientist is well known for his theory of relativity?
20. Earth is located in which galaxy?
Physics>>> Answers 1. Refraction 2. Convex 3. Ohms 4. Physicist 5. Contract 6. Isaac 7. A flight
simulator 8. Watts 9. Big bang 10. Edwin Hubble 11. Filament 12. Scotland 13. Long 14. A solar eclipse
15. True 16. The sun 17. Low 18. Amperes 19. Albert Einstein 20. The Milky Way galaxy

HUMAN BODY
1. What is the name of the biggest part of the human brain?
2. The colored part of the human eye that controls how much light passes through the pupil is called
the?
3. What is the name of the substance that gives skin and hair its pigment?
4. The muscles found in the front of your thighs are known as what?
5. True or false? The two chambers at the bottom of your heart are called ventricles.
6. What substance are nails made of?
7. What is the human body’s biggest organ?
8. The innermost part of bones contains what?
9. True or false? An adult human body has over 500 bones.
10. How many lungs does the human body have?
11. Another name for your voice box is the?
12. The two holes in your nose are called?
13. Your tongue is home to special structures that allow you to experience tastes such as sour,
sweet, bitter and salty, what is their name?
14. The bones that make up your spine are called what?
15. The shape of DNA is known as?
16. The flow of blood through your heart and around your body is called?
17. The bones around your chest that protect organs such as the heart are called what?
18. What is the name of the long pipe that shifts food from the back of your throat down to your
stomach?
19. True or false? Your ears are important when it comes to staying balanced.
20. The outside layer of skin on the human body is called the?
Human Body Correct Answers 1. The cerebrum 2. Iris 3. Melanin 4. Quadriceps 5. True 6. Keratin 7. The
skin 8. Bone marrow 9. False (there are 206) 10. 2 11. Larynx 12. Nostrils 13. Taste buds 14. Vertebrae
15. A double helix 16. Circulation 17. Ribs 18. The esophagus 19. True 20. Epidermis

4 Pillars of Education
LEARNING TO KNOW- acquiring the instruments of understanding.
LEARNING TO DO- be able to act creatively in one's environment.
LEARNING TO LIVE TOGETHER- to participate in and cooperate with other people in all human
activities.
LEARNING TO BE- to better one's personality and to act with ever greater autonomy, judgement
and personal responsibility.

Part 2
GENERAL EDUCATION
Yung may yan po yung correct answers.
<3

26. The Philippine lies in the _____, an area where volcanoes are active.
a. Archipelagic fault line
b. Ring of fire <3

c. Wheel of fire
d. Volcanic Rim
27. During the June 12, 1898 Declaration of Independence, a band played the Marcha Nacional
Filipino What band was this?
a. Pangkatkawayang ng Pateros
b. Kawit Cavite Band
c. Malabon Band
d. San Francisco de Malabon <3

28. This is modern technology’s response to message previously sent over couriers or post offices
a. E-shopping
b. E-Registry
c. E-Mail <3

d. Frailocracia
29. Among the not-easily-observable skills are cognitive abilities. This is because they are _______.
a. Overt
b. Psychological
c. Hidden <3

d. Mental
30. Among all the religious missionaries, who arrived first?
a. Dominicans
b. Franciscans
c. Jesuits
d. Augustinians <3

31. What is the LCM of 5,2, and 7?

a. 35
b. 140
c. 15
d. 70 <3

32. “My concept of inner peace came from my mother’s daily activities which I now recall with
fondness and awe. She was a full-time housewife wholly dependent on my father’s monthly salary.
How she made both ends meet, guided us in our studies and did small acts of charity on the side
was beyond me.” Based on the recount, the mother’s financial resource were ______
a. More than enough
b. Abundant
c. Enough
d. Limited <3

33. “I am a retired public school teacher. As a teacher, I was branded as a terror in school. The
pupils dreaded the day they would enter my class. Little did they know that behind my unpopular
façade was a heart full of compassion. But how did I learn this moniker? I did not tolerate dirty pupils
in my class. I wanted them to know that cleanliness of body was good of their health. I inspected
their teeth, nails, footwear, handkerchiefs, clothes, ears, noses and hair.”
Based on the recount, the teacher values __________
a. Cleanliness <3

b. Study
c. Absence
d. Posture
34. The student’s request to reset the test ______ reasonable.
a. Will
b. Very
c. Are
d. Is <3

35. This person served as the brains behind the “ arena theater”
a. Carpio
b. Tinio
c. Montano <3

d. Avellana
36. Ano ang tawag sa tatlong magkaka sunod na tuldok na ginagamit upang ipabatid na may
bahaging hindi sinipi mula sa talata?
a. Ellipsis <3

b. Abstrak
c. Synopsis
d. Sisntesis
37. Ito ang humahadlang sa maayos na pakikinig.
a. Ingay <3

b. Okasyon
c. Oras
d. Salita
38. Kung bibilangin ang pantig sa bawat taludtod ng tula, ito ang makukuha.
a. Talinghaga
b. Kariktan
c. Tugma
d. Sukat <3

39. Ito ay uri ng pangungusap na tumutukoy sa pangyayaring pangkalikasan o pangkapaligiran.

a. Temporal
b. Eksistensyal
c. Penomenal <3

d. Modal
40. What do you think will mostly happen when a plant cell is placed in a hypotonic solution?
a. There will be no effect on the plant cell
b. The plant cell will swell <3

c. The plant cell will shrivel

d. The cell wall of the plant cell will thicken
41. A toothpick can float on the surface of the water because of
a. Surface tension <3

b. Viscosity
c. Buoyant force
d. Liquid pressure
42. Which of the following organisms is considered heterotophic?
a. Algae
b. Moss
c. Grasshopper <3

d. Fern
43. Below are different sources of energy. Which do you think is the most DISADVANTAGEOUS
because of its possible threat to human sources of food?
a. Geo-Thermal <3

b. Sun
c. Wind
d. Fauna
44. “The prodigal son, who is the black sheep of the family, has returned home.” What figure of
speech was used in the given statement?
a. Metaphor <3

b. Simile
c. Irony
d. Oxymoron
45. Anong dulog pampanitikan ang kilala rin sa tawag bilang reader-response theory?
a. Antropolohiya
b. Impresyonista <3

c. Patalambuhay
d. Pansikolohiya
46. Ano ang tinataglay ng mga sumusunod na salita: tanaw, aliw, kamay, reyna?
a. Diptonggo <3

b. Pares minimal
c. Klaster
d. Ponema
47. What do you call the molecule that contains the genetic information of the organism?
a. Nucleic Acid <3

b. Nucleolus
c. Ribosomes
d. Organelles
48. Which power of the state enables it to impose charge of burden upon persons, property or
property rights for the use and support of the government expenditures for social services and a way
of revenue collection?
a. Eminent domain
b. Expropriation
c. Value added tax
d. Taxation <3

49. What was the first term given by Marcelo H. Del Pilar to the notorious invisible influence and
domination by Spanish religious priests over the colonial government.
a. Lassuertpartidas
b. Pase Region
c. Frailocracia <3

d. Complace
50. The fundamental right invoked by filing the “writ of amparo” is _____
a. The right to self defense
b. The right to due process
c. The right to life, liberty and security <3

d. The right to be defended by a public attorney

51. What does a professional code of conduct prescribe?
a. Civic conduct for all
b. Professional traditions and mores
c. Moral and ethical standards <3

d. Stricter implementation of laws

LET Reviewer
May 25, 2016 ·
Ang Wastong Gamit ng Salita
Ng at Nang
Gamit ng NG
• ginagamit bilang pantukoy
Halimbawa: Nag-aaral ng Ilokano si Sonia.
• ginagamit bilang pang-ukol na ang katumbas sa ingles ay with
Halimbawa: Hinampas niya ng payong ang aso.
• ginagamit bilang pang-ukol na ang katumbas ay sa
Halimbawa: Magsisiuwi ng Pilipinas ang magagaling na doktor.
Gamit ng NANG
• ginagamit na pangatnig sa hugnayang pangungusap bilang panimula ng katulong na sugnay o sugnay na di
makapag-iisa
Halimbawa: Nang siya ay dumating, dumagsa ang tao.
• ginagamit bilang pang-abay na nanggaling sa “na” na inangkupan ng “ng” kayat nagiging “nang”
Halimbawa: Nagbalita nang malakas ang aking kaibigan sa opisina.
May at Mayroon
Gamit ng May
• ginagamit ang may kung ang sumusunod na salita ay:
Pangngalan
Halimbawa: May batang nahulog.
Pandiwa
Halimbawa: May sasayaw na babae mamayang gabi.
Pang-uri
Halimbawa: May bagong bahay na nasunog.
Panghalip na paari
Halimbawa: May kanya-kanya tayong alam.
Pantukoy na mga
Halimbaa: May mga batang pupunta dito mamaya.
Pang-ukol na sa
Halimbawa: May sa-kalabaw ang boses ng taong iyan.
Gamit ng Mayroon
• sinusundan ng panghalip na palagyo
Halimbawa: Mayroon kaming dadaluhang pulong bukas.
• sinusundan ng isang kataga
Halimbawa: Mayroon ding pulong ang kababaihan.
• ginagamit sa patalinghagang kahulugan
Halimbawa: Si Mayor Favila ang mayroon sa lahat.
Subukin at Subukan
subukin – “pagsusuri o pagsisiyasat sa uri, lakas o kakayahan ng isang bagay o tao.”
subukan – “tingnan kung ano ang ginagawa ng isang tao o ng mga tao.”
Halimbawa: Subukin mong gamitin ang sabon na ito.
Sunubukan nila ang disiplina ng mga mag-aaral.
Pahirin at Pahiran
pahirin – pag-aalis o pagpawi
pahiran – paglalagay ng bagay
Halimbawa: Pahirin mo ang dumi sa iyong mukha.
Pahiran mo ng pulang pintura ang gate.
Walisin at Walisan
walisin – pandiwang pokus sa layon.
walisan – pandiwang pokus sa ganapan.
Halimbawa: Walisin mo ang mga tuyong dahon sa bakuran.
Walisan mo ang bakuran.
Maliban at Bukod
maliban – (except o aside) may kahulugang matangi sa bagay na binanggit ay wala nang iba.
bukod – (in addition to o besides) karagdagang sa mga bagay na binanggit.
Halimbawa: Maliban sa lupa, wala na siyang maiiwan sa nag-iisang anak.
Bukod sa lupa, may bahay pa siyang maiiwan sa nag-iisang anak.
Kung at Kong
Gamit ng Kung
• ginagamit na pangatnig sa mga sugnay na di makapag-iisa sa mga pangungusap na hugnayan
Halimbawa: Kung siya’y narito, tayo’y magiging magulo.
Gamit ng Kong
• buhat sa panghalip na ko ang kong at nilalagyan lamang ng pang-angkop na ng sa pakikiugnay sa salitang
sumusunod:
Halimbawa: Ipinagtapat kong nangyari.
Din at Rin; Daw at Raw; Doon at Roon
Gamit ng din, daw, doon
• ginagamit kapag ang nauunang salita ay nagtatapos sa katinig maliban sa w at y
Halimbawa: Napanood din nila ang pelikula.
Napanood daw nila ang pelikula.
Napanood doon nila ang pelikula.
Gamit ng rin, raw, roon
• ginagamit kapag ang nauunang salita ay nagtatapos sa patinig. Ang w at y ay itinutuing na malapatinig.
Samakatuwid, ang rin, raw, roon ay ginagamit kapag ang sinusundang salita ay nagtatapos sa mga titik na ito.
Halimbawa: Himala rin ang kailangan niya.
Kaliwete raw ang dalaga.
Umuwi roon ang kanyang asawa.
Ika at Ika-
Gamit ng ika
• ginagamit bilang panlapi sa bilang na isinusulat bilang salita
Halimbawa: ikatlong taon
Ikalimang araw
Gamit ng ika-
• ginagamit ang ginitlingan na “ika” bilang panlapi kung mismong bilang ang isusulat.
Halimbawa: ika-25 ng Enero
Ika-5 taon
Maka at Maka-
Gamit ng maka
• ginagamit ang “maka” na walang gitling kung pangngalang pambalana ang kasunod na salita
Halimbawa: Naglunsad ng poetry reading ang mga makabayan.
Gamit ng maka-
• ginagamit ang may gitling na “maka-“ kapag sinusundan ng pangngalang pantangi
Halimbawa: Maka-Nora ang mga nanonood ng kanyang mga pelikula.
Gawin at Gawan
• ginagamit ang mga panlapi -in/-hin sa mga pandiwang pokus sa layon
Halimbawa: Gawin mo ang sa tingin mo ay tama.
• ginagamit ang panlaping -an/-han sa mga pandiwang pokus sa direksyon
Halimbawa: Subukan mong gawan siya ng mabuti.

CONSTRUCTIVISM-
RATIONALIZATION: Constructivism is a philosophy of learning which asserts that reality does not
exist outside the human conceptions. It is the individual who construct reality by reflecting on his own
experience and gives meaning to it.
-CONSTRUCTIVIST-
RATIONALIZATION: As defined, Constructivism is a philosophy of learning which asserts that reality
does not exist outside of the human conceptions. It is the individual that construct reality by reflecting
on his own experience and gives meaning to it. It is founded on the premise that by reflecting on our own
experiences, we construct our own understanding of the world we live in. Therefore, learning is simply the
process of adjusting our mental modes to accommodate new experiences.
-EXISTENTIALISM-
RATIONALIZATION: Existentialism is a philosophy that emphasizes subjectivity, freedom and
responsibility.
-EXISTENTIALISM-
RATIONALE: Existentialism is the philosophy of subjectivity of selfhood and proclaims man’s freedom in the
accomplishment of his destiny. In this question Thea made her own choice and did not listen to her sister.
NATURALISM-
RATIONALE: Naturalism aims to unfold the child’s potential, not to prepare him/her for a definite vocation or
social position but to prepare him/her to adapt to the changing times and needs.
-EMPIRICIST-
RATIONALIZATION: Empiricism upholds that the only source of knowledge is the senses and sense-based
experience.
-HUMANISM-
RATIONALE: Humanism is a philosophy that stresses to “live life to the fullest”.
-HEDONISM-
RATIONALIZATION: Both Epicureanism and Hedonism deals with pleasure. Epicureanism can be the
answer to this, however Epicureanism is just a form of Hedonism. Hedonism is the general, Epicureanism is
the specific. If ever you encounter this type of question ... Always select the general answer. That's the reason
why the answer to this is HEDONISM.
-REALISM-
RATIONALIZATION: Realism concerns with what is real, actual. For ideas to be realized, they must be
transferred or demonstrated.
IDEALISM
RATIONALIZATION: Idealism is the answer because it stresses the existence of ideas independent from the
material world. Ideas that which exist in the mind are the only reality.
ESSENTIALISM
RATIONALIZATION: Essentialism - is an educational theory rooted in classical realism and idealism which
advocates curricular reform stressing the essentials of the basics like the 3R's.
>>> From Sir Icko Reyes
>Miss Moon<
CLUE / KEYWORD:
Essentialism
o Acquire basic knowledge, common body of knowledge
o Excellence in education
o Student centered
o 4R's (Reading , Writing, Arithmetic, Right Conduct) Proponent: William Bagley
Existentialism
o Freedom of choice
o Individual Differences
o Unique individual
o Awareness of consequences
Proponent: Jean Paul Sartre
Perrenialism
o Education are changeless- Humanistic
o Educate the rational person
o Back to basics
o Cultural literacy
o Great work of civilization
o Develops the ability to think deeply
o Student – centered
Proponent: Robert Hutchins
Progressivism
o Always in the process of development
o Teaching using real life situation
o Relevant curriculum, humanistic education, radical school reform
o Growth
o Learning by doing
Proponent: John Dewey
Idealism
o Unified reality with God
o Morally and mentally upright
o Mind
o Anything what is in your mind (absolute value) Proponent: Plato
Realism
o Based on natural law
o Lecture method and memorization
o Logical and abstract thinking
o Objects exist independently of the mind
Proponent: Aristotle

Pragmatism
o Always changing
o Interaction of individual with environment
o Essence of idea comes from the consequence of it’s
practice/test
o Practical / Beneficial
Proponent: John Dewey, William James, Rousseau
Reconstructivism
o Reconstruct society
o Improvement
o Change and social reform / social change
o Awareness of societal needs and problems
Proponent: Pragmatism, Teodore, Brameld
Behaviorism
o Back to basics
o Stimulus response to teaching
o Modification and shaping of students behavior
Proponent: John Watson
Rationalism – to enable to think for themselves Naturalism – nature is the aggregate of physical objects
Constructivism – creating new idea connecting (old-new) Humanism – loving one self

SAMPLE QUESTIONNAIRE FOR “ISMS” PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION (SOCIAL DIMENSIONS)

1. The Philippine Elementary School Curriculum gives greater emphasis on the development of
basic skills like reading, writing, and arithmetic. What is the philosophical basis for this?
A. Pragmatism C. Essentialism
B. Perennialism D. Existentialism
RATIONALIZATION: C. Essentialism. Essentialism - is an educational theory rooted in classical
realism and idealism which advocates curricular reform stressing the essentials of the basics like the
3R's.
Pragmatism- is regarded as an American philosophy whose various forms advocate
experimentalism,
instrumentalism, functionalism, and practicalism and their curricular offerings imply a wide range of
subject areas.
Pereninialism- is a traditional educational theory that puts premium on eternal truth as contained in
the "Great Books".
Existentialism - personalizes knowledge to the individual. The person chooses the knowledge that
he deems is relevant to his process of becoming to realize his essence.
2. Teacher H asks one of her students, “What do you want to become when you grow up?” This
question is an indication of what kind of philosophy? A. Progressivism C. Existentialism
B. Naturalism D. Idealism
RATIONALIZATION: D - Idealism. Idealism is the answer because it stresses the existence of ideas
independent from the material world. Ideas that which exist in the mind are the only reality.
3. Teacher X has not only explained the concept of Philosophy of Education but also imparted this to
her students. This demonstrates what kind of philosophy?
A. Naturalism C. Realism
B. Idealism D. Perennialism
RATIONALIZATION: C - Realism. Realism concerns with what is real, actual. For ideas to be
realized, they must be transferred or demonstrated.
4. In his class, Teacher M always presents principles and values so as to encourage his students to
examine them and decide for themselves whether to accept them or not. What kind of philosophy
does he practice?
A. Idealism C. Humanism
B. Essentialism D. Existentialism
RATIONALIZATION: D - Existentialism. Existentialism is a philosophy that emphasizes subjectivity,
freedom and responsibility.
5. When a teacher emphasizes that man’s sense should be trusted because they are the only
way to acquire knowledge, the teacher can be regarded as . A. Naturalist C. Empiricist
B. Realist D. Pragmatist
RATIONALIZATION: C -Empiricism. Empiricism upholds that the only source of knowledge is the
senses and sense-based experience.
6. Teacher K views her pupils as unique, free choosing, and responsible individuals. She plans
activities where the pupil can develop his unique personality. What theory underlies this nature of the
pupil?
A. Realism C. Existentialism
B. Essentialism D. Progressivism
RATIONALIZATION: C. Existentialism. Existentialism is the philosophy of subjectivity of self hood
whose fundamental doctrine proclaims man’s freedom in the accomplishment of his destiny. In this
case, emphasis is given on the students rather than on the curriculum content.
7. "Learning is the process of retrieving prior learning", this is a statement from _. A. Constructivist C.
Progressivist
B. Reconstructivist D. Empiricist
RATIONALIZATION: A. Constructivist. As defined, Constructivism is a philosophy of learning which
asserts that reality does not exist outside of the human conceptions. It is the individual that construct
reality by reflecting on his own experience and gives meaning to it. It is founded on the premise that
by reflecting on our own experiences, we construct our own understanding of the world we live in.
Therefore, learning is simply the process of adjusting our mental modes to accommodate new
experiences.
8. Teacher U teaches to his pupils that pleasure is not the highest good. Teacher's teaching is
against what philosophy?
A. Realism C. Epicureanism
B. Hedonism D. Empiricism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Hedonism. Epicureanism is just a form of Hedonism. Hedonism is the
general, Epicureanism is the specific. Always select the general answer.
9. After listening to the homily of the Priest about fidelity, Catherine has a moment of reflection. Her
understanding of the value of fidelity has become deeper as she related this to her past experience.
This typifies what kind of philosophy?
A. Constructivism C. Humanism
B. Reconstructivism D. Existentialism
RATIONALIZATION: A. Constructivism. Constructivism is a philosophy of learning which asserts that
reality does not exist outside the human conceptions. It is the individual who construct reality by
reflecting on his own experience and gives meaning to it.
10. After studying the Principle of Identity, Teacher W asks her students to determine which among
the given set of problems conforms to the said identity. This shows that Teacher W upholds what
kind of Philosophy?
A. Perennialism C. Essentialism
B. Progressivism D. Naturalism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Progressivism. Progressivism is a philosophy of learning by doing things.
11. Thea listened to the advice given by her sister to end the relationship that she has with Gilbert.
However, her sister learned that the advice she has given was not followed and Thea decided to
continue the relationship. This action of Thea is a manifestation of what kind of philosophy?
A. Essentialism C. Perennialism
B. Existentialism D. Humanism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Existentialism. Existentialism is the philosophy of subjectivity of selfhood
and proclaims man’s freedom in the accomplishment of his destiny.
12. After finishing the degree in Education, Teacher M learns that learning never stops. In fact, she
accumulates more knowledge after leaving the portal of her alma mater. This typifies what kind of
philosophy?
A. Constructivism C. Progressivism
B. Perennialism D. Humanism
RATIONALIZATION: C. Progressivism. Progressivism connotes change, growth and development. It
is an active form of philosophy for it continues to evolve.
13. Matilda is an advocate of the principle “making the most of your life”. She is indeed an
advocate of what kind of philosophy?
A. Humanism C. Realism
B. Perennialism D. Existentialism
RATIONALIZATION: A. Humanism. Humanism is a philosophy that stresses to “live life to the
fullest”.
14. Teacher X is a very dedicated teacher in the nursery. Her foremost concern is for students to
learn how to adapt themselves in the environment. This shows that Teacher X upholds what kind of
philosophy?
A. Naturalism C. Progressivism
B. Pragmatism D. Rationalism
RATIONALIZATION: A. Naturalism. Naturalism aims to unfold the child’s potential, not to prepare
him for a definite vocation or social position but to prepare him to adapt to the changing times and
needs.
15. Teacher J serves as an inspiration to his students because of his efficiency and effectiveness as
a teacher. The mind set of his students towards him/her is an instance of what kind of philosophy?
A. Realism C. Nationalism
B. Idealism D. Constructivism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Idealism. Idealism is a philosophy which asserts that what’s in the mind is
the only reality. In this situation, the teacher inspires his/her students through the values that he/she
possessed. Values are absolute are told to belong in realm of ideas. Hence, these are considered as
ideas that exist only in the mind.
16. John learns well through active interplay with others. His learning increases when engaged in
activities that has meaning in him. Which philosophy can describe this?
A. Progressivism C. Realism
B. Idealism D. Empiricism
RATIONALIZATION: A. Progressivism. Progressivism is a philosophy of hands of learning or
experiential learning. “Learning by doing”. Learning is based from the questions of one’s experience
of the world. Hence, it is the learner himself who thinks, solves, and gives meaning through his
individual experiences.
17. Your teacher is of the opinion that the world and everything in it are ever changing and so
teaches you the skill to cope with the changes. Which in his governing philosophy?
A. Experimentalism C. Idealism
B. Existentialism D. Realism
RATIONALIZATION: A. Experimentalism. Experimentalism believes that things are constantly
changing. It is based on the view that reality is what works right now and that goodness comes from
group decisions. As a result, schools exist to discover and expand the society we live in. Students
study social experiences and solve problems.
18. Principal C shares this thought with his teachers: "Subject matter should help students
understand and appreciate themselves as unique individuals who accept complete responsibility for
their thoughts, feelings, and actions." From which philosophy is this thought
based? / Teacher V teaches her students to appreciate themselves as unique individuals and are
to accept the responsibility to their feelings, actions and thoughts. She upholds the philosophy of
.
A. Perennialism C. Existentialism
B. Essentialism D. Progressivism
RATIONALIZATION: C. Existentialism. Existentialism is the philosophy of subjectivity of selfhood
and proclaims man’s freedom in the accomplishment of his destiny.
19. Teacher H class is engage in problem solving activity which in a way is a reflection of the
personal and social experiences. The purpose of this activity is for the students to acquire the skills
that can help them in solving their own real-life problems. What philosophy can best describe this?
A. Realism C. Progressivism
B. Idealism D. Existentialism
RATIONALIZATION: C. Progressivism. Progressivism connotes growth and development. In this
manner learning comes best when things are being experienced, that is learning by doing
things. It involves participation of the students and allows them to exercise freedom.
20. In the Social Science class of Teacher G, students identify the various social and economic
problems that require urgent solutions. They not only discuss the ways to address it but also agreed
to participate in solving them. What kind of philosophy does this class uphold?
A. Naturalism C. Progressivism
B. Constructivism D. Reconstructivism
RATIONALIZATION: D. Reconstructivism. Reconstructivism covers the underlying factors that
constitute reality or society. In this regard, students are encourage to become involved in the
problems whether political, social, or economical that confront the society and be able to arrive at
solutions in order to reconstruct society.
21. A curriculum should only include those that have survived the test of time and combine the
symbols of literature, history, and mathematics. Thus, curriculum like this contains values that are
constant and universal. What philosophy describes this kind of curriculum?
A. Idealism C. Humanism
B. Perennialism D. Essentialism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Perennialism. Perennialism maintains that education involves confronting
the problems and questions that have challenged people over the centuries. Thus there is a need to
study classical tradition of great books.
22. Who among the following puts more emphasis on core requirements, longer school day, longer
academic year and more challenging textbooks?
A. Perennialist C. Progressivist
B. Essentialist D. Existentialist
RATIONALIZATION: B. Essentialist. Essentialism is an educational theory rooted in classical realism
and idealism which advocates curricular reform stressing the essentials of the basics like the 3R's.
23. “Education is a continuous process of experiencing and of visiting or reorganizing
experiences “according to a Progressivist. What does it mean?
A. Education begins and ends in school.
B. Education takes place anytime and anywhere. C. Education happens formally and informally.
D. Education goes on throughout life.
RATIONALIZATION: D. Education goes on throughout life. Progressivism connotes growth and
development. It is an active form of philosophy for it continues to evolve.
24. Mr. Cruz exemplifies an ideal teacher and son. He is competent in his field based on the various
recognitions that he received from his school. As a dutiful son, he assumes all the responsibilities of
raising his family (this includes his parents, siblings, and their own families) – giving all their needs
and wants. The fulfilment of these is the neglect of the responsibilities to himself. This attitude of Mr.
Cruz is against what kind of philosophy?
A. Existentialism C. Pragmatism
B. Constructivism D. Humanism
RATIONALIZATION: D. Humanism. Humanism stresses personal culture, individual freedom, and
development (the best way towards full and rich lives).
25. Teacher R ensures to put a certain amount of his monthly earnings in the bank. At the end of the
school year, he used all his savings in visiting places rich of cultural heritages rather than of buying
expensive clothes, jewellery, and latest gadgets. Favoring the former action over the latter exhibits
that Teacher R follows what kind of philosophy?
A. Existentialism C. Behaviorism
B. Essentialism D. Progressivism
RATIONALIZATION: A. Existentialism. Existentialism is a philosophy that gives a person the
freedom to choose. It is a philosophy of subjectivity.
26. Teacher R ensures to put a certain amount of his monthly earnings in the bank. At the end of the
school year, he used all his savings in visiting places rich of cultural heritages rather than of buying
expensive clothes, jewellery, and latest gadgets. This shows that Teacher R is an advocate of what
kind of philosophy?
A. Pragmatism C. Naturalism
B. Perennialism D. Essentialism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Perennialism. Perennialism views education as a recurring process based
on eternal truths. Good education involves a search for and understanding of truth which can all be
found in the great works of civilization.
27. Teacher X rates the art work of her students not just on the merit of its appeal to the senses but
also considers its uniqueness and the responsibility that every student has given in accomplishing
the task. This practice shows how Teacher X upholds this kind of philosophy:
A. Realism C. Idealism
B. Reconstructivism D. Existentialism
RATIONALIZATION: D. Existentialism. Conceives philosophy as something that is felt by an
individual because it’s concrete in itself or based on what is concrete. There is also personal
involvement in this kind of philosophy.
28. In line with the philosophy of Reconstructivism, which of the following should be given emphasis
in teaching?
A. To seek a better position in the society
B. To compare oneself with the less fortunate
C. To become economically self-reliant
D. To designate one’s superiority over the others
RATIONALIZATION: C. To become economically self-reliant. Reconstructivism aims to achieve
social changes. This is a philosophy that entails the identification of social problems, finding
solutions for this and be a part of the solution.
29. Joining organizations or clubs in school is requisite to granting of academic distinction under
DECS Order No. 65, s. 1998. This shows school community connection reflected in activities geared
towards society's needs. What philosophy is related to this? / Activities planned by
school clubs or organizations show school-community connection geared towards society's needs.
What philosophy is related to this?
A. Realism C. Existentialism
B. Progressivism D. Reconstructivism
RATIONALIZATION: D. Reconstructivism. Reconstructivism aims to achieve social changes. This is
a philosophy that entails the identification of social problems, finding solutions for this and be a part
of the solution.
30. Increase of time allotment in English, Math and Science in the Elementary level under the New
Elementary School Curriculum (NESC) as provided in DECS Order No. 1, s. 1993 contributes in the
culturation of basic literacy by providing the needed essential skills. The related philosophy is .
A. Realism C. Idealism
B. Essentialism D. Perennialism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Essentialism. Essentialism is an educational theory rooted in classical
realism and idealism which advocates curricular reform stressing the essentials of the basics like the
3R's.
31. Teacher A believes that the learner is the product of his environment. Sometimes he has no
choice. He/she is determined by his environment.
A. Rationalist C. Existentialist
B. Behaviorist D. Progressivist
RATIONALIZATION: B. Behaviorist. A behaviourist believes that human behaviour can be best
explained in terms of responses to external stimuli. Also, education can be best achieved by
modifying or changing student behaviours in a socially acceptable manner through the arrangement
of the conditions for learning. The control is obtained not by manipulating the individual, but the
environment.
32. The curriculum is viewed as a means of developing desirable habits. It is recommended that the
way /means to form these habits is through the mastery of organized subject matter. Which
philosophy is behind this educational view?
A. Naturalism C. Realism
B. Idealism D. Pragmatism
RATIONALIZATION: C. Realism. This educative process is viewed mainly as the transmission of
information and knowledge. The curriculum has the function of forming the body and this
interrelationship gives rise to the dictum "sound mind in a sound body."
33. Teachers in school perform the role and responsibility of parents in the development and
education of the child. This stems from the belief that the home is the primary agency in the
education of the individual. Thus, teachers are regarded as surrogate parents along the loco parentis
principle. Which philosophy espouses this view of education?
A. Pragmatism C. Idealism
B. Naturalism D. Realism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Naturalism - the school is seen as the extension of home and teachers are
deemed "surrogate parents".
34. This philosophy believes that students need a passionate encounter with the positive and
negative phases of life like the joy and agony of love, desirability of life, the inevitability of death, the
anguish of freedom and the consequences of choices and actions. Which philosophy advocates this
view in education?
A. Existentialism C. Essentialism
B. Perennialism D. Realism
RATIONALIZATION: A. Existentialism - it is a modern school of thought that grew out of the
thoughts of European philosophers , particularly from Soren Kierkegaard, who believes that the
central problem humanity is facing is the ability to cope with its existence.
35. The teacher should provide for shared experiences in the classroom that fosters cooperative
learning rather than competitive learning. Scientific means of inquiry complements such atmosphere.
Which theory advocates this view?
A. Existentialism C. Perennialism
B. Essentialism D. Progressivism
36. This philosophy believes that ideas are inherent in the invidual. This explains the nature of the
Socratic dialogue in teaching, where the teacher asks questions to wring out the ideas innate in the
learner. Which school of thought has advocated this belief?
A. Naturalism C. Realism
B. Idealism D. Pragmatism
37. Teacher B believes that the learner can choose what he can become despite his environment.
A. Rationalist C. Existentialist
B. Behaviorist D. Progressivist
38. Teacher F is convinced that whenever a student performs a desired behavior, provided
reinforcement and soon the student will learn to perform the behavior on his own. On which principle
is Teacher F's conviction based?
A. Cognitivism C. Behaviorism
B. Environmentalism D. Constructivism
39. Changes in the T.H.E takes care of the cognitive needs of students. It also emphasizes the use
of project method as implied in DECS Order No. 91, s. 1998. The related philosophy is
.
A. Realism C. Progressivism
B. Existentialism D. Reconstructivism
40. DECS Order No. 13 s. 1998 entitled "Revised rules and regulations on the teaching of religion" is
emphasizing the development of one's spirituality and moral. What philosophy is related to it?
A. Realism C. Essentialism
B. Idealism D. Progressivism
41. DECS Order No. 57 s. 1998 entitled "Clarification on the changes in the Social Studies
programs" offers Economics in 3rd year instead of 4th year. The change hopefully will provide the
needed social reform in alleviating the condition of poverty. What philosophy addresses this
concern?
A. Realism C. Essentialism
B. Existentialism D. Reconstructivism
42. DECS Order No. 54, s. 1995 entitled "War on Waste" helps students realize their role in the
conservation of nation's resources. This also helps instil discipline among them.
What philosophy is related to this?
A. Realism C. Perennialism
B. Essentialism D. Reconstructivism
43. Which philosophy has the educational objective to indoctrinate Filipinos to accept the teachings
of the Catholic church which is to foster faith in God?
A. Realism C. Idealism
B. Pragmatism D. Existentialism
44. Virtue as one component in the teaching of Rizal as a course focuses on the teaching of good
and beauty consistent with the good and beauty in God. What philosophy supports this?
A. Existentialism C. Progressivism
B. Idealism D. Reconstructivism
45. Scouting and Citizens Army Training (CAT) give training in character building, citizenship
training, etc. which leads to the creation of new social order and a new society eventually. What
philosophy supports this?
A. Existentialism C. Progressivism
B. Perennialism D. Reconstructivism
46. Teacher V demonstrated the technique on how to group students according to their needs and
interests and how to use self-paced instructional materials. Which philosophy is manifested in this
activity?
A. Essentialism C. Realism
B. Progressivism D. Reconstructivism
47. Teacher G, a Christian Living teacher, puts so much significance on values development and
discipline, what could be her educational philosophy?
A. Idealism C. Progressivism
B. Pragmatism D. Realism
48. What philosophy is related to the practice of schools acting as laboratory for teaching reforms
and experimentation?
A. Essentialism C. Progressivism
B. Existentialism D. Reconstructivism
49. What philosophy of education advocates that the curriculum should only include universal and
unchanging truths?
A. Essentialism C. Perennialism
B. Idealism D. Pragmatism
50. Which philosophy of education influence the singing of the National anthem in schools? A.
Nationalism C. Pragmatism
B. Naturalism D. Socialism
51. Who among the following believes that learning requires disciplined attention, regular homework,
and respect for legitimate authority?
A. Essentialist C. Realist
B. Progressivist D. Reconstructivist
52. Teacher G says: "If it is billiard that brings students out of the classroom, let us bring it into the
classroom. Perhaps, I can use it to teach Math." To which philosophy does Teacher G adhere?
A. Essentialism C. Progressivism
B. Idealism D. Reconstructivism
53. Which philosophy influenced the cultivation of reflective and meditative skills in teaching? A.
Confucianism C. Taoism
B. Existentialism D. Zen Buddhism
54. “Specialization is knowing more and more about less and less”. It is better to be a generalist
claims Teacher R. What philosophy does she uphold?
A. Essentialism C. Progressivism
B. Existentialism D. Pragmatism
55. “Everything changes” explains the teacher. This entails readiness to accept challenges in life and
be ready to address it. What kind of philosophy can this be attributed?
A. Realism C. Behaviorism
B. Materialism D. Rationalism
56. “Life is what you make it”, exemplifies best what is :
A. Existentialist C. Idealist
B. Humanist D. Realist
57. If Teacher V believes that learning also takes place in having interaction with the environment,
this teacher can be regarded as:
A. Pragmatist C. Realist
B. Empricist D. Herbalist
58. Teacher Q is concerned more on conceptual matters since reality is mental. She upholds this
kind of philosophy:
A. Empiricism C. Idealism
B. Realism D. Progressivism
59. Teacher W is known in giving great importance on humanistic education. Which of the following
will depict this trait?
A. Developing students into thinking individuals
B. Making students civilized, distinctly educated and refined
C. Giving the students the freedom to choose and decide for themselves
D. Teaching the students the different works of civilization
60. To come closer to the truth we need to "go back to the things themselves." This is the advice of
the .
A. Behaviorists C. Idealists
B. Phenomenologists D. Pragmatists
61. Which group of philosophers maintain that "truth exists in an objective order that is independent
of the knower"? / Teacher D believes that "truth exists in an objective order and independent of the
knower".
She is considered .
A. Idealists C. Existentialists
B. Pragmatists D. Realists
62. Edukasyong Kagandahang Asal at Wastong Pag-uugali (EKAWP) is integrated in the New
Elementary School Curriculum. Which philosophy supports the teaching of EKAWP in the
elementary school?
A. Taoism C. Hinduism
B. Buddhism D. Confucianism
63. Who is most likely to advise you to modify your classroom environment in such a way that your
pupils will be motivated to learn?
A. Humanist C. Cognitivist
B. Behaviorist D. Existentialist
64. You arrive at knowledge by re-thinking of latent ideas. From whom does this thought come? A.
Experimentalist C. Idealist
B. Realist D. Existentialist
65. If a student believes in this passage "One cannot see perfection but i long for it" then, the
student can be regarded as
/ Student B claims: "I cannot see perfection but I long for it.
So it must be real." Under which group can he be classified?
A. Idealist D. Pragmatist E. Humanist
B. Empiricist C. Realist
66. If a teacher would say that honesty is still an important value even if no one values it, the teacher
can be regarded as .
A. Realist C. Idealist
B. Empiricist D. Positivist
ENCODED BY:
icko reyes
5. When a teacher emphasizes that man’s sense should be trusted because they are the only
way to acquire knowledge, the teacher can be regarded as . A. Naturalist C. Empiricist
B. Realist D. Pragmatist
RATIONALIZATION: C -Empiricism. Empiricism upholds that the only source of knowledge is the
senses and sense-based experience.
6. Teacher K views her pupils as unique, free choosing, and responsible individuals. She plans
activities where the pupil can develop his unique personality. What theory underlies this nature of the
pupil?
A. Realism C. Existentialism
B. Essentialism D. Progressivism
RATIONALIZATION: C. Existentialism. Existentialism is the philosophy of subjectivity of self hood
whose fundamental doctrine proclaims man’s freedom in the accomplishment of his destiny. In this
case, emphasis is given on the students rather than on the curriculum content.
7. "Learning is the process of retrieving prior learning", this is a statement from _. A. Constructivist C.
Progressivist
B. Reconstructivist D. Empiricist
RATIONALIZATION: A. Constructivist. As defined, Constructivism is a philosophy of learning which
asserts that reality does not exist outside of the human conceptions. It is the individual that construct
reality by reflecting on his own experience and gives meaning to it. It is founded on the premise that
by reflecting on our own experiences, we construct our own understanding of the world we live in.
Therefore, learning is simply the process of adjusting our mental modes to accommodate new
experiences.
8. Teacher U teaches to his pupils that pleasure is not the highest good. Teacher's teaching is
against what philosophy?
A. Realism C. Epicureanism
B. Hedonism D. Empiricism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Hedonism. Epicureanism is just a form of Hedonism. Hedonism is the
general, Epicureanism is the specific. Always select the general answer.
9. After listening to the homily of the Priest about fidelity, Catherine has a moment of reflection. Her
understanding of the value of fidelity has become deeper as she related this to her past experience.
This typifies what kind of philosophy?
A. Constructivism C. Humanism
B. Reconstructivism D. Existentialism
RATIONALIZATION: A. Constructivism. Constructivism is a philosophy of learning which asserts that
reality does not exist outside the human conceptions. It is the individual who construct reality by
reflecting on his own experience and gives meaning to it.
10. After studying the Principle of Identity, Teacher W asks her students to determine which among
the given set of problems conforms to the said identity. This shows that Teacher W upholds what
kind of Philosophy?
A. Perennialism C. Essentialism
B. Progressivism D. Naturalism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Progressivism. Progressivism is a philosophy of learning by doing things.
11. Thea listened to the advice given by her sister to end the relationship that she has with Gilbert.
However, her sister learned that the advice she has given was not followed and Thea decided to
continue the relationship. This action of Thea is a manifestation of what kind of philosophy?
A. Essentialism C. Perennialism
B. Existentialism D. Humanism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Existentialism. Existentialism is the philosophy of subjectivity of selfhood
and proclaims man’s freedom in the accomplishment of his destiny.
12. After finishing the degree in Education, Teacher M learns that learning never stops. In fact, she
accumulates more knowledge after leaving the portal of her alma mater. This typifies what kind of
philosophy?
A. Constructivism C. Progressivism
B. Perennialism D. Humanism
RATIONALIZATION: C. Progressivism. Progressivism connotes change, growth and development. It
is an active form of philosophy for it continues to evolve.
13. Matilda is an advocate of the principle “making the most of your life”. She is indeed an
advocate of what kind of philosophy?
A. Humanism C. Realism
B. Perennialism D. Existentialism
RATIONALIZATION: A. Humanism. Humanism is a philosophy that stresses to “live life to the
fullest”.
14. Teacher X is a very dedicated teacher in the nursery. Her foremost concern is for students to
learn how to adapt themselves in the environment. This shows that Teacher X upholds what kind of
philosophy?
A. Naturalism C. Progressivism
B. Pragmatism D. Rationalism
RATIONALIZATION: A. Naturalism. Naturalism aims to unfold the child’s potential, not to prepare
him for a definite vocation or social position but to prepare him to adapt to the changing times and
needs.
15. Teacher J serves as an inspiration to his students because of his efficiency and effectiveness as
a teacher. The mind set of his students towards him/her is an instance of what kind of philosophy?
A. Realism C. Nationalism
B. Idealism D. Constructivism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Idealism. Idealism is a philosophy which asserts that what’s in the mind is
the only reality. In this situation, the teacher inspires his/her students through the values that he/she
possessed. Values are absolute are told to belong in realm of ideas. Hence, these are considered as
ideas that exist only in the mind.
16. John learns well through active interplay with others. His learning increases when engaged in
activities that has meaning in him. Which philosophy can describe this?
A. Progressivism C. Realism
B. Idealism D. Empiricism
RATIONALIZATION: A. Progressivism. Progressivism is a philosophy of hands of learning or
experiential learning. “Learning by doing”. Learning is based from the questions of one’s experience
of the world. Hence, it is the learner himself who thinks, solves, and gives meaning through his
individual experiences.
17. Your teacher is of the opinion that the world and everything in it are ever changing and so
teaches you the skill to cope with the changes. Which in his governing philosophy?
A. Experimentalism C. Idealism
B. Existentialism D. Realism
RATIONALIZATION: A. Experimentalism. Experimentalism believes that things are constantly
changing. It is based on the view that reality is what works right now and that goodness comes from
group decisions. As a result, schools exist to discover and expand the society we live in. Students
study social experiences and solve problems.
18. Principal C shares this thought with his teachers: "Subject matter should help students
understand and appreciate themselves as unique individuals who accept complete responsibility for
their thoughts, feelings, and actions." From which philosophy is this thought
based? / Teacher V teaches her students to appreciate themselves as unique individuals and are
to accept the responsibility to their feelings, actions and thoughts. She upholds the philosophy of
.
A. Perennialism C. Existentialism
B. Essentialism D. Progressivism
RATIONALIZATION: C. Existentialism. Existentialism is the philosophy of subjectivity of selfhood
and proclaims man’s freedom in the accomplishment of his destiny.
19. Teacher H class is engage in problem solving activity which in a way is a reflection of the
personal and social experiences. The purpose of this activity is for the students to acquire the skills
that can help them in solving their own real-life problems. What philosophy can best describe this?
A. Realism C. Progressivism
B. Idealism D. Existentialism
RATIONALIZATION: C. Progressivism. Progressivism connotes growth and development. In this
manner learning comes best when things are being experienced, that is learning by doing
things. It involves participation of the students and allows them to exercise freedom.
20. In the Social Science class of Teacher G, students identify the various social and economic
problems that require urgent solutions. They not only discuss the ways to address it but also agreed
to participate in solving them. What kind of philosophy does this class uphold?
A. Naturalism C. Progressivism
B. Constructivism D. Reconstructivism
RATIONALIZATION: D. Reconstructivism. Reconstructivism covers the underlying factors that
constitute reality or society. In this regard, students are encourage to become involved in the
problems whether political, social, or economical that confront the society and be able to arrive at
solutions in order to reconstruct society.
21. A curriculum should only include those that have survived the test of time and combine the
symbols of literature, history, and mathematics. Thus, curriculum like this contains values that are
constant and universal. What philosophy describes this kind of curriculum?
A. Idealism C. Humanism
B. Perennialism D. Essentialism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Perennialism. Perennialism maintains that education involves confronting
the problems and questions that have challenged people over the centuries. Thus there is a need to
study classical tradition of great books.
22. Who among the following puts more emphasis on core requirements, longer school day, longer
academic year and more challenging textbooks?
A. Perennialist C. Progressivist
B. Essentialist D. Existentialist
RATIONALIZATION: B. Essentialist. Essentialism is an educational theory rooted in classical realism
and idealism which advocates curricular reform stressing the essentials of the basics like the 3R's.
23. “Education is a continuous process of experiencing and of visiting or reorganizing
experiences “according to a Progressivist. What does it mean?
A. Education begins and ends in school.
B. Education takes place anytime and anywhere. C. Education happens formally and informally.
D. Education goes on throughout life.
RATIONALIZATION: D. Education goes on throughout life. Progressivism connotes growth and
development. It is an active form of philosophy for it continues to evolve.
24. Mr. Cruz exemplifies an ideal teacher and son. He is competent in his field based on the various
recognitions that he received from his school. As a dutiful son, he assumes all the responsibilities of
raising his family (this includes his parents, siblings, and their own families) – giving all their needs
and wants. The fulfilment of these is the neglect of the responsibilities to himself. This attitude of Mr.
Cruz is against what kind of philosophy?
A. Existentialism C. Pragmatism
B. Constructivism D. Humanism
RATIONALIZATION: D. Humanism. Humanism stresses personal culture, individual freedom, and
development (the best way towards full and rich lives).
25. Teacher R ensures to put a certain amount of his monthly earnings in the bank. At the end of the
school year, he used all his savings in visiting places rich of cultural heritages rather than of buying
expensive clothes, jewellery, and latest gadgets. Favoring the former action over the latter exhibits
that Teacher R follows what kind of philosophy?
A. Existentialism C. Behaviorism
B. Essentialism D. Progressivism
RATIONALIZATION: A. Existentialism. Existentialism is a philosophy that gives a person the
freedom to choose. It is a philosophy of subjectivity.
26. Teacher R ensures to put a certain amount of his monthly earnings in the bank. At the end of the
school year, he used all his savings in visiting places rich of cultural heritages rather than of buying
expensive clothes, jewellery, and latest gadgets. This shows that Teacher R is an advocate of what
kind of philosophy?
A. Pragmatism C. Naturalism
B. Perennialism D. Essentialism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Perennialism. Perennialism views education as a recurring process based
on eternal truths. Good education involves a search for and understanding of truth which can all be
found in the great works of civilization.
27. Teacher X rates the art work of her students not just on the merit of its appeal to the senses but
also considers its uniqueness and the responsibility that every student has given in accomplishing
the task. This practice shows how Teacher X upholds this kind of philosophy:
A. Realism C. Idealism
B. Reconstructivism D. Existentialism
RATIONALIZATION: D. Existentialism. Conceives philosophy as something that is felt by an
individual because it’s concrete in itself or based on what is concrete. There is also personal
involvement in this kind of philosophy.
28. In line with the philosophy of Reconstructivism, which of the following should be given emphasis
in teaching?
A. To seek a better position in the society
B. To compare oneself with the less fortunate
C. To become economically self-reliant
D. To designate one’s superiority over the others
RATIONALIZATION: C. To become economically self-reliant. Reconstructivism aims to achieve
social changes. This is a philosophy that entails the identification of social problems, finding
solutions for this and be a part of the solution.
29. Joining organizations or clubs in school is requisite to granting of academic distinction under
DECS Order No. 65, s. 1998. This shows school community connection reflected in activities geared
towards society's needs. What philosophy is related to this? / Activities planned by
school clubs or organizations show school-community connection geared towards society's needs.
What philosophy is related to this?
A. Realism C. Existentialism
B. Progressivism D. Reconstructivism
RATIONALIZATION: D. Reconstructivism. Reconstructivism aims to achieve social changes. This is
a philosophy that entails the identification of social problems, finding solutions for this and be a part
of the solution.
30. Increase of time allotment in English, Math and Science in the Elementary level under the New
Elementary School Curriculum (NESC) as provided in DECS Order No. 1, s. 1993 contributes in the
culturation of basic literacy by providing the needed essential skills. The related philosophy is .
A. Realism C. Idealism
B. Essentialism D. Perennialism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Essentialism. Essentialism is an educational theory rooted in classical
realism and idealism which advocates curricular reform stressing the essentials of the basics like the
3R's.
31. Teacher A believes that the learner is the product of his environment. Sometimes he has no
choice. He/she is determined by his environment.
A. Rationalist C. Existentialist
B. Behaviorist D. Progressivist
RATIONALIZATION: B. Behaviorist. A behaviourist believes that human behaviour can be best
explained in terms of responses to external stimuli. Also, education can be best achieved by
modifying or changing student behaviours in a socially acceptable manner through the arrangement
of the conditions for learning. The control is obtained not by manipulating the individual, but the
environment.
32. The curriculum is viewed as a means of developing desirable habits. It is recommended that the
way /means to form these habits is through the mastery of organized subject matter. Which
philosophy is behind this educational view?
A. Naturalism C. Realism
B. Idealism D. Pragmatism
RATIONALIZATION: C. Realism. This educative process is viewed mainly as the transmission of
information and knowledge. The curriculum has the function of forming the body and this
interrelationship gives rise to the dictum "sound mind in a sound body."
33. Teachers in school perform the role and responsibility of parents in the development and
education of the child. This stems from the belief that the home is the primary agency in the
education of the individual. Thus, teachers are regarded as surrogate parents along the loco parentis
principle. Which philosophy espouses this view of education?
A. Pragmatism C. Idealism
B. Naturalism D. Realism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Naturalism - the school is seen as the extension of home and teachers are
deemed "surrogate parents".
34. This philosophy believes that students need a passionate encounter with the positive and
negative phases of life like the joy and agony of love, desirability of life, the inevitability of death, the
anguish of freedom and the consequences of choices and actions. Which philosophy advocates this
view in education?
A. Existentialism C. Essentialism
B. Perennialism D. Realism
RATIONALIZATION: A. Existentialism - it is a modern school of thought that grew out of the
thoughts of European philosophers , particularly from Soren Kierkegaard, who believes that the
central problem humanity is facing is the ability to cope with its existence.
35. The teacher should provide for shared experiences in the classroom that fosters cooperative
learning rather than competitive learning. Scientific means of inquiry complements such atmosphere.
Which theory advocates this view?
A. Existentialism C. Perennialism
B. Essentialism D. Progressivism
36. This philosophy believes that ideas are inherent in the invidual. This explains the nature of the
Socratic dialogue in teaching, where the teacher asks questions to wring out the ideas innate in the
learner. Which school of thought has advocated this belief?
A. Naturalism C. Realism
B. Idealism D. Pragmatism
37. Teacher B believes that the learner can choose what he can become despite his environment.
A. Rationalist C. Existentialist
B. Behaviorist D. Progressivist
38. Teacher F is convinced that whenever a student performs a desired behavior, provided
reinforcement and soon the student will learn to perform the behavior on his own. On which principle
is Teacher F's conviction based?
A. Cognitivism C. Behaviorism
B. Environmentalism D. Constructivism
39. Changes in the T.H.E takes care of the cognitive needs of students. It also emphasizes the use
of project method as implied in DECS Order No. 91, s. 1998. The related philosophy is
.
A. Realism C. Progressivism
B. Existentialism D. Reconstructivism
40. DECS Order No. 13 s. 1998 entitled "Revised rules and regulations on the teaching of religion" is
emphasizing the development of one's spirituality and moral. What philosophy is related to it?
A. Realism C. Essentialism
B. Idealism D. Progressivism
41. DECS Order No. 57 s. 1998 entitled "Clarification on the changes in the Social Studies
programs" offers Economics in 3rd year instead of 4th year. The change hopefully will provide the
needed social reform in alleviating the condition of poverty. What philosophy addresses this
concern?
A. Realism C. Essentialism
B. Existentialism D. Reconstructivism
42. DECS Order No. 54, s. 1995 entitled "War on Waste" helps students realize their role in the
conservation of nation's resources. This also helps instil discipline among them.
What philosophy is related to this?
A. Realism C. Perennialism
B. Essentialism D. Reconstructivism
43. Which philosophy has the educational objective to indoctrinate Filipinos to accept the teachings
of the Catholic church which is to foster faith in God?
A. Realism C. Idealism
B. Pragmatism D. Existentialism
44. Virtue as one component in the teaching of Rizal as a course focuses on the teaching of good
and beauty consistent with the good and beauty in God. What philosophy supports this?
A. Existentialism C. Progressivism
B. Idealism D. Reconstructivism
45. Scouting and Citizens Army Training (CAT) give training in character building, citizenship
training, etc. which leads to the creation of new social order and a new society eventually. What
philosophy supports this?
A. Existentialism C. Progressivism
B. Perennialism D. Reconstructivism
46. Teacher V demonstrated the technique on how to group students according to their needs and
interests and how to use self-paced instructional materials. Which philosophy is manifested in this
activity?
A. Essentialism C. Realism
B. Progressivism D. Reconstructivism
47. Teacher G, a Christian Living teacher, puts so much significance on values development and
discipline, what could be her educational philosophy?
A. Idealism C. Progressivism
B. Pragmatism D. Realism
48. What philosophy is related to the practice of schools acting as laboratory for teaching reforms
and experimentation?
A. Essentialism C. Progressivism
B. Existentialism D. Reconstructivism
49. What philosophy of education advocates that the curriculum should only include universal and
unchanging truths?
A. Essentialism C. Perennialism
B. Idealism D. Pragmatism
50. Which philosophy of education influence the singing of the National anthem in schools? A.
Nationalism C. Pragmatism
B. Naturalism D. Socialism
51. Who among the following believes that learning requires disciplined attention, regular homework,
and respect for legitimate authority?
A. Essentialist C. Realist
B. Progressivist D. Reconstructivist
52. Teacher G says: "If it is billiard that brings students out of the classroom, let us bring it into the
classroom. Perhaps, I can use it to teach Math." To which philosophy does Teacher G adhere?
A. Essentialism C. Progressivism
B. Idealism D. Reconstructivism
53. Which philosophy influenced the cultivation of reflective and meditative skills in teaching? A.
Confucianism C. Taoism
B. Existentialism D. Zen Buddhism
54. “Specialization is knowing more and more about less and less”. It is better to be a generalist
claims Teacher R. What philosophy does she uphold?
A. Essentialism C. Progressivism
B. Existentialism D. Pragmatism
55. “Everything changes” explains the teacher. This entails readiness to accept challenges in life and
be ready to address it. What kind of philosophy can this be attributed?
A. Realism C. Behaviorism
B. Materialism D. Rationalism
56. “Life is what you make it”, exemplifies best what is :
A. Existentialist C. Idealist
B. Humanist D. Realist
57. If Teacher V believes that learning also takes place in having interaction with the environment,
this teacher can be regarded as:
A. Pragmatist C. Realist
B. Empricist D. Herbalist
58. Teacher Q is concerned more on conceptual matters since reality is mental. She upholds this
kind of philosophy:
A. Empiricism C. Idealism
B. Realism D. Progressivism
59. Teacher W is known in giving great importance on humanistic education. Which of the following
will depict this trait?
A. Developing students into thinking individuals
B. Making students civilized, distinctly educated and refined
C. Giving the students the freedom to choose and decide for themselves
D. Teaching the students the different works of civilization
60. To come closer to the truth we need to "go back to the things themselves." This is the advice of
the .
A. Behaviorists C. Idealists
B. Phenomenologists D. Pragmatists
61. Which group of philosophers maintain that "truth exists in an objective order that is independent
of the knower"? / Teacher D believes that "truth exists in an objective order and independent of the
knower".
She is considered .
A. Idealists C. Existentialists
B. Pragmatists D. Realists
62. Edukasyong Kagandahang Asal at Wastong Pag-uugali (EKAWP) is integrated in the New
Elementary School Curriculum. Which philosophy supports the teaching of EKAWP in the
elementary school?
A. Taoism C. Hinduism
B. Buddhism D. Confucianism
63. Who is most likely to advise you to modify your classroom environment in such a way that your
pupils will be motivated to learn?
A. Humanist C. Cognitivist
B. Behaviorist D. Existentialist
64. You arrive at knowledge by re-thinking of latent ideas. From whom does this thought come? A.
Experimentalist C. Idealist
B. Realist D. Existentialist
65. If a student believes in this passage "One cannot see perfection but i long for it" then, the
student can be regarded as
/ Student B claims: "I cannot see perfection but I long for it.
So it must be real." Under which group can he be classified?
A. Idealist D. Pragmatist E. Humanist
B. Empiricist C. Realist
66. If a teacher would say that honesty is still an important value even if no one values it, the teacher
can be regarded as .
A. Realist C. Idealist
B. Empiricist D. Positiv

Most Frequently Asked Questions (MFAQ) in Legal Bases of Education and Their Possible
Answer(OR A Simplified Catechetic in Legal Bases of Education)
Question: This question is in connection with student arrest in the school premises.
the arresting officer taking the student under custody is a member of the military establishment
properly identified but without warrant of arrest, what would be the responsibility of the school if the
student injury is sustained within the campus?
Answer: The school authorities have no liability. The reason is that they could not fight the police or
military establishment. In this connection, the Supreme court gives the advice that when one is
picked up by the police officer, he should not argue with the policeman. He must argue in court.
Question: Is a parent’s signature permitting his child to join on outing or excursion or field trip
tantamount to a waiver? Suppose something happens to the students.
Answer: It is not a waiver. A parent just gives the permission to his child to join the outing or
excursion or field trip but not the permission to be injured.
Questions: Assuming that one can prove that he exercised proper diligence, what then is the
parameter for proper? When do we know it is proper not proper? What constitutes proper or not
proper? who will decide that?
Answer: According to the Supreme Court of the Philippines, you cannot show that the diligence
exercised was proper by calibrated degrees. Each case will have to depend on the circumstances
surroundings the event. It is found in the Latin quis, quid, quibos, qour, quomodo, quando. What is
proper diligence is one case may not be so in another circumstances because of the difference in
the attendant circumstances .There are no hard and fast rules that can possibly be given.
Question: Would the school authority be liable for any accident that happens to its students in the
school bus or because of traffic accidents to and from the school?
Answer: If the school bus belongs to the school, the school is liable. If it belongs to a private
company, then the concessionaire is the one that is liable.
Question: Suppose that in a student evaluation, a teacher is consistently graded in a manner of
leading to the conclusion that the teacher is inefficient; would this be ground for dismissing the
teacher:
Answer: If the testimony of the students is convincing, and with due process, yes.
Question: Suppose something happens to the students on the way from the school to the police
precinct , what is the school’s liability?
Answer: The school no liability. Nothing. The reason is that the student is now under police custody.
Question: It is said that most foolishness and conduct unbecoming of a student occur when the
teacher dismisses his class too early, let us say, twenty minutes after the time or fifteen minutes
before the time, Since every school head is after escaping liability, may he issue as an exercise of
diligence, a regulation that anything that may happen within the period when the teacher is
supposed to be in the classroom will be his liability and that the school head has nothing to do with
it?
Answer: If it was already known to the school authorities that a particular teacher or teachers are in
the habit of coming to class late or dismissing classes too early, the school has not done anything
about, then the school is still liable. The regulation should be a general rule such as an
announcement at the beginning of the school year or during faculty or teachers, meeting and that
violation of that rule will be ground for disciplinary action on the teacher. That teacher shall be
subject to administrative action.
Question: Suppose during a class a student leave without the teacher’s permission. Then, he meets
an accident outside the school campus. the question is: Is the teacher, and therefore the school
liable?
Answer: In such a case the age of the student will be the one to be the deciding factor. If the student
is a minor the law requires that the school post guards so that the students cannot go out during
class hours. If he is of age and he goes out of the school, the school is not liable. The school’s
negligence will be for failure to post guards for the security of the students who are considered
minors.
Question: how do you differentiate tenure from term of office?
Answer: The word tenure refers to the period of time during which the incumbent is in office where
the word term of office refers to the period of time during which the incumbent has the right to be in
office
Question: If an educational institution converts itself into a foundation and any of its employees or
teachers refuse to become part of the foundation, would the refusal be tantamount to separation?
Answer: In the words of the Supreme Court, transfer is not just physical severance but the fact of
being separated. Now, if a school employee or teacher refuses to be absorbed by the foundation, he
has thereby made his own decision. In the words of the Existentialist Philosopher Jean Paul Sartre,
a person who makes a decision is the moral one and the one who cannot make a decision is the
immoral one. Now, he has thereby made his own decision. He has laid off himself. In short, he has
dismissed himself!
Question: Suppose a school transfer location due to a government order on dispersal, is the refusal
of a teacher to join that school that transfer location be a ground for separation, and may the
Commission hold the school accountable?
Answer: Because the relocation of the school is mandated by the state, whoever refuses to join the
migration and complains to the Commission on accounts of his separation would have to convince
the NLRC that the school was acting in bad faith.
Question: why is it difficult to dismiss inefficient faculty members and yet comparatively easy for a
faculty member to walk out of his school with very little penalty?
Answer: The question has, of course, serious socio-economic and moral implications. The state has
to use its police power to counteract certain pressures in the free world economy. In a developing
country like the Philippines which has a labor excess economy, which means that here we have a
situation where the man runs after the jobs and not the job running after the man, the guidelines are
based on the philosophy that unemployed workers constitutes a social burden to the government
and such a situation should not be recommended to escalate. Moreover, the philosophy of
egalitarian must be used here where the State is guided by the motto: the greatest good for the
greatest number.”
Question: If a professor carries on an affair with a female student and the affair is carried on outside
the school, may the professor be charged with immorality? Or if an unmarried teacher should
become pregnant is this a case of immorality?
Answer: Moral standards are supposed to be universal. Such a situation should not be tolerated
whether the school is private or public.
Question: What is our law on tenure?
Answer: The explicit mandate of the 1987 Philippine Constitution enjoins the State to assure the
security of tenure of workers in employment. This constitutional provision abolishes the almost
absolute right of the employer under the Termination Pay Law (R. A 1987) to terminate at any time
the services of his employees even without just cause. (Department of Labor Staff Committee on
labor code)
Question: what statutory law implements the constitutional provision on tenure?
Answer: The statutory law that implements the constitutional provision on tenure is presidential
Decree 442, as amended, which took effect last may 1, 1974. Specifically its pertinent provision
provides that “In cases of employment without a definite period, the employer shall not terminate the
services of an employee except for a just cause or when authorized by this Title. (Article 269, Labor
Code)
Question: What is the effect of an unjust dismissal of an employee?
Answer: He shall be entitled to reinstatement without loss of seniority right and to his back wages
computed from the time his compensation which was withheld up to the time of his compensation
which was withheld up to the time of his actual reinstatement. (Article 269, Labor Code)
Question: What do you mean by dismissal for a just cause?
Answer: As a sufficient ground for dismissal, a just cause is a legal cause and not merely a cause,
which the appointing power, in the exercise of his discretion, deems sufficient. It is the statutory
prescription of the cause of termination of employment.
Question: What exactly do we mean by probationary period?
Answer: Under the Labor Code, the probationary period is actually the period needed to determine
fitness for the job. This period, due to lack of a better measurement, is deemed to be the period
needed to learn the job.
Question: What is the probationary period for employees covered by the Labor Code?
Answer: The general probationary period is actually six months. If the job is apprenticeable, the
probationary period is the apprenticeship period, which may range from less than six to more than
six months depending upon the nature of the job. The probationary employment of professors,
instructors, and teachers shall be subject to standards established by the Department of Education
and Culture (Policy Instruction No. 11). However, for those working in the DepEd now, there is no
more probationary period.
Question: what is liability, if any, or to what extent will heads of schools be liable for mass
demonstration similar to those in Thailand or in China?
Answer: Mass demonstrations are without sanction of the school activities. Therefore, the schools
are not liable.
Question: Suppose the demonstration is inside the school premises without permission of the school
authorities during class hours just like what happen to the University of Southern Mindanao way
back in 1983’s, what liabilities do the school officials have?
Answer: If the activity is in violation of school regulations and the school authorities had tried their
best to stop it, the school would not be liable. The school will be held liable if there was implied
consent.
Question: In case of an arrest of student during class hours. What is the liability of the school if it
refuses to surrender a student?
Answer: This is disobedience to lawful authority. The school is therefore held liable.
Question: Can a teacher who has to use force in a students’ fight be held liable if he accidentaly
hurts a student in trying to stop the fight?
Answer: No., because the teacher was acting in the performance of lawful duty. However, the forced
employed by the teacher must be commensurate with the danger involved.
Question; Is there direct assault if both offender and offended are persons in authority?
Answer: In a case where a superintendent boxed a fellow superintendent because of conflict of
jurisdiction, it was ruled that there was no assault.
Question: Is serious vandalism committed by an employee against the property of teachers in the
classroom considered as assault of person in authority?
Answer: The offense may be termed malicious mischief or destruction of property with evil motive,
etc..
Question: Is a student liable for direct assault upon a person in authority even if the act was
committed during recess time and not in actual performance of the teacher’s duties?
Answer: Yes, as long as it is by reason or no accession of the teacher’s duties. When we say on
occasion of the reason behind the assault was the performance of the teacher’s duties.
Question: If a student’s refusal to obey teacher in public provokes the teacher’s anger who loses his
temper and slaps the student or even manhandles him, should the school officials side with the
teacher or the student?
Answer: That situation is a plain case of the teacher taking the law into her own hands-the teacher
becomes the offender and the students, his victim. More importantly, the offense is even aggravated
by the teacher being a person in authority.
Question: When we refer to students assaulting persons in authority, do we refer only to student
currently enrolled or does this include students who have been granted honourable dismissal?
Answer: The law does not mention students only. It includes non students,parents, even strangers. If
a student was flunked by a professor there is direct assault on a person in authority
Question: In most barrios it is difficult to divorce the social functions of a teacher from the academic.
If a teacher attends a school social function and in refusing to dance with a man she gets slapped
direct assault on a person in authority?
Answer: It depends on the reason why the teacher was slapped.
Question: The teacher refused to danced with him because he smells liquor.
Answer: The teacher’s refusal to dance has nothing to do with the performance of a teacher’s duty
but for a private reason. If a teacher is in the performance of duty, no matter if the reason for the
assault has nothing to do with teacher (such as when a teacher is explaining a lesson and a creditor
comes and slaps her in front of the students) there is direct assault of person in authority. The
reason is immaterial if the assault is committed while the teacher is performing her duties.
Question: Would homosexual practices constitute just cause for separation?
Answer: The attending circumstances should be taken into account. In most state universities and
colleges as well as private.

MOTIVATION- consisting of 3 interrelated components: personal goals, personal agency beliefs,

and emotions.
a. INTRINSIC MOTIVATION- refers to the desire of students themselves to learn in order to achieve
specific objectives.
b. EXTRINSIC MOTIVATION- marks, prizes and other tangible rewards characterize
What Causes Motivation?
A. Humanistic Psychology and Motivation
One of the Maslow's 1987 most famous concepts is that of self-actualization, or the use of one's abilities to the
limit of one's potentialities.
Growth towards self-actualization requires satisfaction of a hierarchy of needs.
1. Physiological Needs
2. Safety Needs
3. Love and Belongingness Needs
4. Esteem Needs
5. Need for Self-Actualization
B. Cognitive Psychology and Motivation
Attribution Theory and Motivation
Attribution theory rests on 3 basic assumptioms.
a. 1st, people want to know the causes their own and others' behavior, particularly of behavior that is important
to them.
b. 2nd, they do not randomly assign causes to their behavoir.
Mga Uri ng Matalinghagang mga Pananalita
Pahayag Idyomatiko (Idiomatic Expression)
• Isang pariralang ang kahulugan ay di mahahanago sa alinmang bahagi ng pananalita.
• Ang kahulugan ng mga ito ay di bunga ng pagsasama ng kahulugan ng mga salitang bumubuo sa mga ito
kundi isang natatanging kahulugang naiiba sa mismong parirala.
• Malayo ang kahulugang literal o tuwirang kahulugan sa kontekstuwal o tunay na kahulugan.
• Matatag na ang pagiging gamitin ng mga pahayag idyomatiko dahil ginagamit na sa mahabang panahon at
bahagi na ng talaslaitaan ng bayan.
• Nagpasalin-salin ito sa bibig ng mg tao.
Halimbawa:
alagang ahas – taksil, walang utang-na-loob, kalawang sa bakal
gagapang na parang ahas – maghihirap ang buhay, maghihikahos, magiging miserable ang buhay
parang ahas na kuyog – galit na lahat ang buong angkan sa kagalit ng isa sa kanila
bagong ahon – baguhan sa pook, bagong salta
alanganin – bakla, tomboy
lumilipad sa alapaap – walang katiyakan, alinlangan
inalat – minalas, inabot ng alat
pinakain ng alikabok – tinalo sa isang karera ng takbuhan
nasagap na alimuom – nakuhang tsismis, sabi-sabi, bali-balita, alingasngas
Patayutay na Pananalita ((Figurative Word or Phrase)
• Isang salita o parirala na ang kahulugan ay ipinahihiwatig ng salita o ilan sa mga salita sa parirala.
• Nasisinag ang kontekstuwal na kahulugan sa mga salitang ginagamit.
Halimbawa:
magulo pa sa sangkuwaltang abaka – masalimuot, napakagulo, nakalilito, walang-walang kaayusan
abo ang utak – walang pang-intindi, bobo, tanga, mahina ang ulo
anay – lihim na kaaway
anak sa labas – anak sa di tunay na asawa, anak sa ibang babae
parang iniihan ng aso – di mapakali, di mapalagay, balisa
buhol-babae – mahina o madaling makalas ang pagkakatali, di matatag/matibay
agawin ang buhay – iligtas ang buhay sa kamatayan
mag-alsa ng boses – sumigaw (sa galit), magtaas ng tinig
mabigat ang katawan – masama ang pakiramdam o di maganda ang pakiramdam, tamad
Eupemistikong Pananalita (Euphemistic Expression)
• Pananalitang ipinapalit sa mga salita o pariralang kapag ipinahayag sa tuwirang kahulugan ay nagdudulot ng
pagkalungkot o pagdaramdam, pagkarimarim, pagkalagim o ibang di kanais-nais na damdamin sa
pinagsasabihan o nakakarinig.
• Ginagawa ang ganitong pagpapalit upang maging kaaya-aya sa pandinig ang pahayag at nang maiwasan ang
makasugat ng damdamin ng iba.
• Madalas na ginagamit ang mga eupemistikong pananalita sa mga pahayg kaugnay ng kamatayan, maseselang
bahagi ng katawan ng tao at sa malalaswang gawain.
Halimbawa:
Eupemistikong Pananalita Kahulugan
sumakabilang buhay
o binawian ng buhay namatay
pagsisiping o pagtatalik pag-aasawahan
Mga Tayutay o Mga Salitang Patalinghaga
Tayutay (Figures of Speech)
• Nagpapaganda sa akda, nagpapalalim sa kaisipan at nagpapayaman sa guniguni ng bumabasa.
Ang mga tayutay ay madalas na gamitin sa mga akdang pampanitikan.
1. Patulad o Simile – paghahambing ng dalawang bagay na magkaiba ng uri (ginagamitan ng
salitang para, gaya, katulad, kaparis, at iba pa).
Halimbawa:
Para ng halamang lumaki sa tubig,
Daho’y nalalanta munting di madilig.
2. Pawangis o Metapora – paggamit ng salitang nangangahulugan ng isang bagay sa
pagpapahayag ng ibang bagay.
Halimbawa:
Sapagkat ang haring may hangad sa yaman
Ay mariing hampas ng langit sa bayan.
3. Sinekdoke – gumagamit ng bahagi sa halip ng kabuuan o ng kabuuan sa halip ng bahagi.
Halimbawa:
At ang balang bibig na binubukalan
Ng sabing magaling at katotohanan.
4. Pangitain o Vision
Halimbawa:
Sa sinapupunan ng Konde Adolfo’y
Aking natatanaw si Laurang sinta ko.
5. Panawagan o Apostrophe – kagyat na pagtutol sa naunang pagpapahayag at pananawagan sa
tao o bagay na wala roon.
Halimbawa:
Kamataya’y nahan ang dating bangis mo?
6. Pabaligho o Paradox – pahayag na wari’y salungat o laban sa likas na pagkukuro ngunit
nagpapakilala ng katotohanan.
Halimbawa:
Ang matatawag kong palaya sa akin
ng ama ko’y itong ako’y pagliluhin
agawan ng sinta’t panasa-nasaing
lumubog sa dusa’t buhay ko’y makitil.
7. Padamdam o Exclamation – pagbubulalas ng masidhi o matinding damdamin.
Halimbawa:
Nanlilisik ang mata’t ang ipinagsaysay
Ay hindi ang ditsong nasa orihinal,
Kundi ang winika’y ikaw na umagaw
Ng kapurihan ko’y dapat kang mamatay!
8. Pandiwantao o Personification – binibigyang-katauhan ang isang bagay na walang buhay o
kaisipang basal (abstract).
Halimbawa:
Parang walang malay hanggang sa magtago’t
Humilig si Pebo sa hihigang ginto.
9. Pahalintulad o Analogy – tambalang paghahambing, pagkakawangki ng mga pagkakaugnay.
Halimbawa:
Inusig ng taga ang dalawang leon,
si Apolo mandin sa Serpyente Piton.
10. Enigma – naikukubli ang kahulugan sa ilalim ng malabong pagtukoy.
Halimbawa:
Tapat ang puso ko’y di nagunamgunam
Na ang paglililo’y nasa kagandahan.
11. Papanuto o Aphorism – maikling paglalahad ng isang tuntuning pangkaasalan.
Halimbawa:
Kung ang isalubong sa iyong pagdating
ay masayang mukha’t may pakitang-giliw
pakaingatan mo’t kaaway na lihim,
siyang isaisip na kakabakahin.
12. Tanong na Mabisa o Rhetorical Question – tanong na naglalayong magbunga ng isang tanging
bisa at hindi upang magtamo ng kasagutan.
Halimbawa:
Anong gagawin ko sa ganiton bagay
ang sinta ko kaya’y bayaang mamatay?
13. Pagmamalabis o Hyperbole – pahayag na ibayong maindi kaysa katotohanan o lagpas sa
maaaring mangyari.
Halimbawa:
Bababa si Marte mula sa itaas,
Sa kailalima’y aahon ang parkas.
14. Aliterasyon – paulit-ulit na tunog ng isang katinig na ginagamit sa mga magkakalapit na salita o
pantig.
Halimbawa:
At sa mga pulong dito’y nakasabog, nangalat, nagpunla.
Nagsipanahanan, nangagsipamuhay, nagbato’t nagkuta.
15. Asonansya – inuulit ang tunog ng isang patinig sa halip ng katinig.
Halimbawa:
Ang buhay ng tao at sa taong palad,
Nasa ginagawa ang halaga’y bigat.
16. Onomatopeya – pagkakahawig ng tunog ng salita at ng diwa nito.
(1) Tuwirang onomatopeya – kapag ginagagad ng ga tunog ng patinig at katinig ang tunog ng
inilalarawan ng taludtod.
Halimbawa:
Ikaw’y iniluwal ng baha sa bundok
Hahala-halakhak at susutsut-sutsot.
(2) Pahiwatig na onomatopeya – kapag ang mga tunog ng patinig at katinig ay hindi gumagagad
kundi nagpapahiwatig lamang ng bagay na inilalarawan.
Ayon kay Lope K. Santos, ang ating mga titik ay nag-aangkin ng sari-sariling pahiwatig na kaisipan.
Ang A ay nagpapahiwatig ng kalakhan, kalinawan, kalawakan, kalantaran, samantalang ang I ay
nagtataglay ng diwa ng kaliitan, labuan, karimlan, kalaliman, kalihiman, at iba pa.
a – araw, buwan, ilaw, buwan, linaw, tanghal
i – gabi, lilim, lihim, kulimlim, liit, unti, itim
i - Ang suot ay puti’y may apoy sa bibig,
Sa buong magdamag ay di matahimik,
Ngunit ang hiwagang di sukat malirip,
Kung bakit sa gabi lamang namamasid.

GENERAL SCIENCE with answer key.. 1-100

God Bless!
POST – TEST
©TTO
Multiple Choices:
1. These are living things that use sunlight, chlorophyll, water and carbon dioxide to produce food.
a. Autotrophs c. Heterotrophs
b. Consumers d. Food chain
2. It is describe as the lifeline of the body. IT is the body’s “pickup” and delivery system.”
a. Blood c. circulatory system
b. nervous system d. heart
3. It carries the oxygen-rich blood to the head, arms, and chest and down to the waist and the legs.
a. heart c. aorta
b. ventricles d. arteries
4. They are the transmitters of message from the different parts of the body to the brain and vice
versa.
a. spinal cord c. brain
b. neurons or nerve cells d. arteries
5. Which part of the brain controls the following activities: breathing, blood pressure, heart rate,
alertness?
a. brainstem c. cerebrum
b. hypothalamus d. spinal cord
6. Refers to a sequence of organism in a community that constitutes a feeding chain.
a. photosynthesis c. consumers
b. ecosystem d. food chain
7. Is a group of interacting plants, animals and human in a particular area?
a. ecological community c. living organism
b. environment d. food chain
8. Excessive presence of carbon dioxide in the air, trapping heat near the earth’s surface causing a
rise in temperature in the environment.
a. El Nino c. Deforestation
b. “Greenhouse Effect” d. Weather disturbance
9. The Earth’s shield against sun’s harmful radiation.
a. Atmosphere c. Ozone layer
b. Air d. Forest
10. The use of product containing ______ is discouraged because they contribute to the depletion
of_____.
a. Chlorofluorocarbon-solar radiation
b. Gas-ozone layer
c. Ozone layer air
d. Chlorofluorocarbon-ozone layer
11. What causes high and low tides?
a. Earth’s rotation on its axis
b. Moon’s gravitational pull
c. Sun’s solar energy
d. Earth’s gravitational pull
12. How is coral a tool formed?
a. Volcanic eruption
b. Corals growing around a volcanic island
c. Underwater bedrock formations
d. Earthquake
13. What is a long shore drift?
a. Movement of sand and shingles along the coast
b. Sand bars
c. Accumulation of sad at the river mouth
d. Island formed by volcanic eruptions
14. How does an occlusion form?
a. Cold air moving up from the ground
b. Cold front pushing warm air up of the ground
c. Unbalance electrical reaction in the air
d. Cold and warm air mixing in the atmosphere
15. What is a eat haze?
a. A reflection caused by pollutants in the air
b. A distorted image resulting from the bending o sun’s light rays by changes in air temperature
c. A movement o warm air over a vast expanse of land
d. Caused by extremely high temperature common in dessert areas
16. What sort of rock formation do the world’s greatest mountain ranges consist of?
a. Magma c. Fold eruptions
b. Chalk deposit d. Slip formation
17. What is the fore that wears down mountains?
a. Earthquake c. Volcanic eruptions
b. Erosion d. Deforestation
18. How are volcanic island formed?
a. Collision of two oceanic plates
b. Cooling of lava by seawater
c. Volcanic eruptions
d. Accumulation of corals
19. When the Theory of plate Tectonics was generally accepted?
a. 1900’s c. 1950’s
b. 1930’s d. 1980’s
20. The weathering away of rocks by water, wind and ice.
a. Denudation c. Volcanic rock
b. Erosion d. Metamorphic rock
21. How do hormones work?
a. By releasing adrenaline
b. By controlling cell chemistry
c. By regulating water loss
d. By controlling blood pressure
22. Name the male and female sex hormones
a. Sperm cell & Ovum c. Chromosomes
b. Testosterone d. Red & white blood cells
23. The unit of measurement of energy in a given an mount of food
a. Pound c. Olfactory system
b. Kilo d. calorie
24. Nitrogen compounds known as the building blocks of proteins
25. The growth of roots towards water is an example of?
a. Chemotropism c. Hydrotropism
b. Geotropism d. Phototropism
26. DNA means
a. Data nurturing analysis c. Deoxyribonucleic acid
b. Deoxytribonucleic acid d. Deotrixyl nucleic acid
27. What are the three products of oxygen when it has been burned?
a. Water, carbon dioxide and air
b. Energy, water and carbon dioxide
c. Energy, carbon and oxide
d. Energy, air and water
28. In flowering plants, fertilization happens in the?
a. Pollen tube c. Ovules
b. Stamen d. Pollen grain
29. The development of egg without fertilization
a. Mitosis c. Spermatogenesis
b. Parthenogenesis d. Mitochondria
30. Which of the following is a source of energy needed for photosynthesis?
a. Water c. Light
b. Soil d. Fertilizer
31. Chemistry is primarily concerned with the composition and changes of?
a. Nature c. Man
b. Matter d. Earth
32. A scientific theory is
a. A hypothesis not yet subjected to experimental test
b. An idea that correctly predict the result
c. An imagination
d. A guess
33. Which of the following units of measure is equivalent to cubic centimeter?
a. Milligram c. Millimeter
b. Milliliter d. Centiliter
34. Which of the following is NOT a compound?
a. acetic acid c. magnesium
b. alcohol d. Zinc Oxide
35. The easier the atom to receive electrons is measured by its?
a. Elecrtonegativity c. Number of shells
b. Atomic radius d. Valence electrons
36. The willingness o an atom to receive electron is measured by its?
a. Electronegativity c. Atomic size
b. Ionization potential d. Electron affinity
37. A molecule is said to be polar or dipole if?
a. Its positive and negative charges are at different places
b. It possesses polar bonds
c. Its’ polar bond have unsymmetrical charge distribution
d. All of the above
38. Which of the following is NOT a physical property of water?
a. freezing point at 0 degree C
b. boiling point at 100 degrees C
c. its’ heat of fusion at 80 cal/g.
d. its’ density at 4 degrees at 1 lb/cu. Ft
39. Which of the following statements is true?
a. Molecular weight does not influence boiling and melting point of a substance
b. Boiling and melting point tend to increase with molecular weight
c. Boiling and melting point tend to decrease with molecular weight
d. None o the above
40. A Mole is the amount of substance or a mass of a substance that contains?
a. 6.02 x 1023 particles c. 6.02 x 1023 particles
b. 60.2 x 1023 particles d. 60.2x 1023 particles
41. It is the measure of the amount of matter in an object
a. Weight c. Volume
b. Mass d. Quantity
42. It is the distance traveled by the body per unit time and tell how fast or slow the body moves
a. Velocity c. Acceleration
b. Speed d. None of the above
43. The rate of change of the distance traveled per unit time in a stated direction
a. Velocity c. Acceleration
b. Speed d. None of the above
44. This law states that the force acting upon an object is equal to the product o the mass and
acceleration of the object
a. Newton’s 2nd law of motion
b. Newton’s 3rd law of motion
c. Newton’s 1st law of motion
d. None of the amount
45. When a force is applied to a body, several effects are possible. Which one of the following effect
CAN”T occur?
a. the body rotates
b. the body changes direction
c. the body increase its mass
d. the body changes shape
46. It is the reluctance of the object to change either its’ state of rest or uniform motion in a straight
line
a. Force c. Inertia
b. Friction d. Motion
47. This law states that energy cannot be created nor destroyed but only changes from one form to
another
a. Energy law
b. Kinetic Theory of Matter
c. Law of Conservation Energy
d. None of the above
48. This law states that matter is made up of a large number of molecules which are in continuous
motion
a. Boyles’s Law c. Law of Conservation Energy
b. Kinetic Theory d. None of the above
49. The lowest possible temperature that a substance can reach
a. Freezing point c. Steam point
b. Absolute Zero d. Threshold
50. It is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of kg. of a substance by degree C
a. Calorie c. Specific heat capacity
b. Watt d. Joule
51. The relationship of give-and-take of living organism in the biosphere is a balance of nature
called________.
a. universal relationship
b. symbiotic relationship
c. spontaneous relationship
d. abiogenetic relationship
52. Process of removing excess odor in water.
a. sedimentation c. distillation
b. chlorination d. aeration
53. Which of the following statement is CORRECT?
a. As altitude increases, atmospheric pressures corresponding
b. Throughout the available space, gas tends to contract
c. Equal chances are always given to all in life
d. Shadow is formed when a colored object is projected against the wall
54. The earth rotates on its axis from west to east. This causes the sun to _______?
a. appear with a fiery orange color
b. cause the appearance of solar eclipse
c. rise room the east and sets in the west
d. emit solar radiation
55. One of these planets has the greatest gravitational pull. Which one is it?
a. Mars b. Earth c. Mercury d. Jupiter
56. It is the law which explains why one can pull a piece without topping a glass in a quick motion.
a. energy in motion c. law of inertia
b. gravity d. force
57. Which of the following is NOT a source of energy?
a. water c. geothermal heat
b. nuclear d. inertia at rest
58. Which instrument will one use to convert mechanical energy to electrical energy?
a. rotor b. generator c. motor d. circuit
59. Sun’s energy is generated by?
a. nuclear fission
b. sun enacting with gravity
c. nuclear fusion reaction
d. reaction with magnetic field
60. Application of energy is called _______?
a. work c. kinetics
b. inertia d. simulation
61. The falling of any form of water from the air to the earth’s surface
a. Condensation c. Water vapor
b. Precipitation d. Rainwater
62. The part of the atmosphere that filters the ultraviolet rays of the sun
a. stratosphere c. Ozone layer
b. Troposphere d. Ionosphere
63. The point in the earth’s orbit nearest to the sun
a. Solstice c. Aphelion
b. Eclipse d. Perihelion
64. A property of minerals which gives off rays of light when exposed to ultraviolet light.
a. Luminescence c. Radiation
b. Phosphorescence d. Fluorescence
65. Which process involves chemical weathering?
a. Carbonation c. Hydration
b. Oxidation d. All of the above
66. How long does it take for the earth to complete one rotation
a. 365 days c. 24 hours
b. 30 days d. 12 hours
67. What is the principal function of gravity in the universe?
a. Provision for energy
b. Keeps the stars and other heavenly bodies in orbit
c. Causes movement in space
d. Part of universal design
68. What does the word “monsoon” mean?
a. Moon will soon come c. Seasons
b. Rains d. Wet weather
69. Its’ discovery enable geologist to date rocks accurately
a. layering c. Radioactivity
b. Evolutionary staging d. Carbon-dating
70. It occurs when the earth is between the sun and the moon, with the earth’s shadow cast over the
moon.
a. Total eclipse c. Eclipse
b. Lunar eclipse d. Partial Eclipse
71. Male and female reproductive part of a flower
a. Pollen grains and ovules c. Pollen grains and pistil
b. Stamen and pistil d. Stamen and ovules
72. In the human body, the cell that most nearly resembles a one-celled animals
a. Red Blood cell c. Nerve cell
b. White Blood cell d. Antibodies
73. The main energy source of a plant-eating animals
a. Glucose b. Starch c. Cellulose d. Glycogen
74. These are cellular secretions which help regulate the breakdown and buildup of various
substance in the body
a. Enzymes c. Plasma
b. Amino Acids d. Hormones
75. It is the energy source of the cell which it uses for growing, reproducing and other activities
a. Adenosine Triphosphate c. Chloroplast
b. Amino Acids d. Sunlight
76. It is a segment of DNA molecule which controls the appearance of a given trait
a. Chromosomes c. Gametes
b. Genes d. Zygotes
77. Group of similar cells performing similar functions together
a. Organs b. System c. Nucleus d. Tissue
78. The diffusion of water through a semi permeable membrane
a. osmosis c. Transfusion
b. permeability d. Capillary
79. It shows the complex food relationship of organism in a given area and the cyclic flow of food
through organisms
a. Food chain c. Food pyramid
b. Food web d. Biological cycle
80. Which of the following does NOT occur to both respiration and fermentation?
a. energy is released
b. sugar is broken down
c. carbon dioxide is produced
d. alcohol is formed
81. Energy removal is best illustrated in
a. boiling of liquid substances
b. changing water to ice
c. changing water to stem
d. none of the above
82. Refers to the maximum amount of solute expressed in grams that can be dissolved in 100 grams
of water at a specific temperature
a. Solubility c. Molarity
b. Stability d. Molality
83. Compounds with the same molecular formula but with different structural formulas
a. Cellulose c. Polymers
b. Isomers d. Monomers
84. The most penetrating type of radiation given of by radioactive elements
a. Alpha particle c. Gamma particle
b. Beta particle d. None of the above
85. The basic unit for expressing the masses o individual atoms
a. Atomic number c. Nucleus
b. Atomic mass unit d. Atomic weight
86. A substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without itself undergoing a chemical change
a. catalyst c. Electrolytes
b. Enhancer d. Ionizer
87. The temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid is equal to the pressure of the
surroundings atmosphere
a. Melting point c. Boiling Point
b. Critical point d. None of the above
88. the warming of the earth’s surface due to an increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide
a. “Greenhouse effect” c. Atmospheric pressure
b. Ozone d. El Nino phenomena
89. Describe the force of gravity on an object
a. mass c. capacity
b. weight d. pressure
90. When gaseous molecules are compressed, they tend to?
a. increase in volume c. repel each other
b. decrease in volume d.attract and liquefy
91. It is the union of two light nucleus to form a heavier nucleus, resulting in a mass defect and
release of energy
a. Radiation c. Nuclear Fusion
b. Nuclear Fission d. Radioactivity
92. Which of the following statements is a characteristic of an electronic spectrum?
a. They all travel at the same speed in fire space
b. The exhibit diffraction and interference phenomena
c. They follow the laws of refraction and reflection
d. All of the above
93. The term “RADAR” is derived from the phrase?
a. “Radiation Detection and Ranging “
b. “Radiation Diffusion and Ranging”
c. “Radio Diffraction and Resolution”
d. “Radiation Diffraction and Resolution”
94. A material whose ability to conduct electricity lies between those of conductors and insulators
a. Integrated Circuits c. Semiconductors
b. Silicon Chips d. Insulators
95. “LASER” is derived from the phrase?
a. Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation
b. Light Application by Simulated Emission of Radiation
c. Light Amplification by Simulated Ejection of Radiation
d. None of the above
96. What is the color of a transparent substance?
a. The color of the light it absorbs
b. The color of light it reflects
c. The color of light it transmit
d. The color of light it refracts
97. What is a rotating electromagnetic called?
a. Motor b. Rotor c. Phasor d. Sensor
98. What happens with the centripetal force when sped is doubled?
a. remains the same c. triples
b. force is increase 4x d. force is doubled
99. What is an electrochemical cell in which the reacting materials can be renewed by the use o
reverse current
a. Storage cell c. Fuel cell
b. Primary cells d. Chemical cell
100. What will make an object move in a circular path?
a. Central force c. Frictional force
b. Gravitational d. Electromagnetic force
***** THE END *****
WORK HARD, DREAM HARDER
science and health
1 a 51 b
2 c 52 d
3 d 53 a
4 b 54 c
5 a 55 d
6 d 56 c
7 a 57 d
8 b 58 b
9 c 59 c
10 d 60 a
11 b 61 b
12 b 62 c
13 a 63 d
14 b 64 b
15 b 65 d
16 c 66 c
17 b 67 b
18 a 68 c
19 c 69 c
20 b 70 b
21 b 71 b
22 b 72 b
23 d 73 c
24 d 74 d
25 c 75 a
26 c 76 b
27 b 77 d
28 c 78 a
29 b 79 b
30 c 80 d
31 b 81 b
32 a 82 a
33 b 83 b
34 c 84 c
35 d 85 b
36 d 86 a
37 b 87 c
38 b 88 a
39 b 89 b
40 c 90 a
41 b 91 c
42 b 92 d
43 c 93 a
44 a 94 c
45 c 95 a
46 d 96 c
47 b 97 b
48 b 98 d
49 b 99 a
50 c 100 a