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FABRICATION OF AN INNOVATIVE SCISSOR JACK

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Vol 5 Issue 4 May 2015 ISSN No : 2230-7850

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Volume - 5 | Issue - 4 | May - 2015 Available online at www.isrj.org

FABRICATION OF AN INNOVATIVE SCISSOR JACK

S. Sasank Babu
Final year B.Tech students

Co - Author Details :
Bh.Bala Chandra Reddy2, M. Bala Vamsi3, T. Bharagv4, A. Krishna Chaitanya5 and K.V. Ramana6
2,3,4,5
Final year B.Tech students
6
Department of Mechanical Engineering , KL University; Vaddeswaram (A.P).

ABSTRACT:
A Scissor Jack is a mechanical
device used to easily lift a vehicle
off the ground to gain access to
sections underneath the vehicles
or to change the wheel. The most
important fact of a jack is that, it
gives the user a mechanical
advantage by changing the
rotational force on power screw
into linear motion, allowing user to
lift a heavy car to the required
height. It is called a scissor jack as
the structure consists of diagonal
metal components that expand and
contract in the same way as a pair of
scissors. In this work a power
scissor jack to lift and support a load
of 4.5KN for typical use in four
wheelers has been designed and
fabricated by selecting the most
appropriate materials and cross sections. The dimensions of various components are standardized for
easy assembly and replacement, if required. The overall cost of the jack is relatively less compared to
commercially available screw jacks. The self-weight of the power jack is minimized for easy handling.

KEYWORDS
Screw jack, Scissor jack, Power gun, Light source.

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INTRODUCTION :

Screw type mechanical jacks were very common for jeeps and trucks since World War II vintage.
These jacks were activated by using the lug wrench as a handle for the ratchet action to the jack. Screw
type jacks continued in use for small capacity requirements due to low cost of production to raise or
lower the load. A control tab is marked up/down and its position determines the direction of movement
and with no maintenance. The virtues of using a screw as a machine element was first demonstrated by
Archimedes in 200BC with his device used for pumping water.
There is evidence of the use of screws in the Ancient Roman world but ,it was the great Leonardo
da Vinci, in the late 1400s, who first demonstrated the use of a screw jack for lifting loads. Leonardo’s
design used a threaded worm gear, supported on bearings, rotated by the turning of a worm shaft to
drive a lifting screw to move the load.
With the industrial revolution of the late 18th and 19th centuries, came the first use of screws in
machine tools, via English inventors such as John Wilkinson and Henry Maudsley. The most notable
inventor in mechanical engineering from the early 1800s was undoubtedly the mechanical genius
Joseph Whitworth, who recognized the need for precision as important in industry.
Over the next 30 years the Duff Manufacturing Company became the largest manufacturer of
lifting jacks in the world, developing many new types of jack for various applications including its own
version of the ball bearing screw jack.
There was a clear potential for using this technology for other applications and only 10 years
later, in 1940, the first worm gear screw jack, that is instantly recognizable today, was offered by Duff-
Norton, for adjusting the heights of truck loading platforms and mill tables. With the ability to be used
individually or linked mechanically and driven by either air or electric motors or even manually, the first
model had a lifting capacity of 10 tons with a raise of 2inch or 4inch.
Various Developments in Lifting Devices are lever, screw threads, gear, hydraulics, wheels and
axles.

2. DRAWBACKS OF EXISTING JACK

In the repair and maintenance of automobiles, it is often necessary to raise an automobile to

change a tire or access the underside of the automobile. Accordingly, a variety of car jacks have been
developed for lifting an automobile from a ground surface. Available car jacks, however, are typically
manually operated and therefore require substantial laborious physical effort on the part of the user.
Such jacks present difficulties for the elderly and handicapped and are especially disadvantageous
under adverse weather conditions.
Furthermore, available jacks are typically large, heavy and also difficult to store, transport, carry
or move into the proper position under an automobile. In addition, to the difficulties in assembling and
setting up jacks, such jacks are generally not adapted to be readily disassembled and stored after
automobile repairs have been completed. Car jacks must be easy to be used even by women or whoever
had problem with the tire in the middle of nowhere.
In the light of such inherent disadvantages, commercial automobile repair and service stations
are commonly equipped with large and hi-tech car lift, wherein such lifts are raised and lowered via
electrically-powered systems. However, due to their size and high costs of purchasing and maintaining
electrically-powered car lifts, such lifts are not available to the average car owner. Engineering is about

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making things simpler or improving and effective. Such electrical-powered portable jacks not only
remove the arduous task of lifting an automobile via manually-operated jacks, but further decrease the
time needed to repair the automobile. Such a feature can be especially advantageous, when it is
necessary to repair an automobile on the side of a roadway or under other hazardous conditions. There
are also reports on car jacks which lead to a serious failures.

3. POWER SCISSOR JACK

Scissor jacks are mechanical devices and have been in use since 1930s. A scissor jack is a device
constructed with a cross-hatch mechanism, much like a scissor, to lift up a vehicle for repair. It typically
works in a vertical manner. The jack opens and folds closed, applying pressure to the bottom supports
along the crossed pattern to move the lift. When closed, they have a diamond shape. Scissor jacks are
simple mechanisms used to handle large loads over short distances. The power screw design of a
common scissor jack reduces the amount of force required by the user to drive the mechanism. Most
scissor jacks are similar in design, consisting of four main members driven by a power screw.
To overcome aforesaid draw backs, a power scissor jack which has a frame type design utilizing
the power from the battery of the automobile has been developed and fabricated. The power screw of
the jack will be driven by the power gun connected to the battery parallely and at the same time the
developed jack can be safely used during night time with an attachment of low wattage LED bulbs. The
jack is embedding 2 trunions to ensure smooth and uniform lifting and lowering of jack.

4. FABRICATION

The fabrication process started with identification of suitable materials for various parts.

(a) Top Arms and Bottom Arms

As per design calculations the cross section of arms is selected as Channel Section. The pictorial
view of the arm is shown in Fig.1. The sequence of operations performed with respect to time is
presented in Table.1

Fig.1 Arm of Scissor Jack

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Table.1 Sequence of operations on top and bottom arms

Time taken
S no. Machine Operation Tools
(min)
Try square, steel rule,
1 Stores Check the raw material and dot punch 20
Welding of a flat plate
Welding gun, Files
2 Welding shop to the angular to obtain 120
and Emery paper
channel section.
Grinding Grinding the plate in
3 machine vice Grinding wheel 60
Drilling 10 mm holes at
Radial Drilling Drill bit, dot punch ,
4 both the ends of the 40
machine hammer and steel rule
plate
(b) Power Screw

A double start square threaded screw is machined on a lathe as shown in Fig.2.

Table.2 shows the sequence of operations and time taken for each operation

Fig.2 Forming of power screw on lathe

Table.2 Sequence of operations and time taken for each operation
S no. Machine Operation Tools Time
(min)
1 Stores Check the raw material Outer calipers, 5
steel rule
2 Sawing machine Cutting the length of the rod Hack saw 25
as per requirement
3 Lathe machine Turning the diameter to Single point 35
16 mm cutting tool
4 Lathe machine Threading of square thread Threading tool 60
5 Shop Floor Inspection Vernier calipers 5

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(c) Trunions

A circular rod was drilled to form a through hole. Then the hole has been finished to form internal
square thread corresponding to the external threads of the power as shown in the Fig.3. Table.3 gives
various Sequence of operations along with the time taken

Fig.3 Trunions with internal threading

Table.3 Sequence of operations along with the time taken

S no. Machine Operation Tools Time

(min)
1 Stores Check the raw material Inner calipers, 5
steel rule
2 Sawing machine Cutting the length of the rod Hack saw 25
as per requirement
3 Lathe machine Turning the outer diameter to Single point 35
24 mm cutting tool
4 Lathe machine Boring the Trunions to Boring tool 15
16mm diameter
5 Lathe machine Threading of square thread Internal 60
Threading tool
6 Shop Floor Inspection Vernier calipers 5
(d)Top and Bottom Plates

The left out pieces of the channel sections of the arms have been used for the top plate and then
holes were drilled to the plate for fasteners connecting top plate and the arms. The top plate is
fabricated in order to act as a loading platform as shown on the Fig.4.The bottom plate was shaped by
welding two L-angles so that the bottom arms fit into the bottom plate. The bottom plate is fabricated in
order to obtain maximum stability to the Power Scissor Jack. The sequence of operations along with the
time taken is shown in Table.4.

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Fig.4 Top Plate and Bottom plate

Table.4 Sequence of operations on top and bottom plates

S no. Machine Operation Tools Time

(min)
1 Stores Check the raw material Try square, steel 15
rule, dot punch
2 Welding shop Welding of a flat plate to the Welding gun, 120
angular to obtain channel Files and Emery
section. paper
3 Grinding machine Grinding the plate in vice Grinding wheel 90
4 Radial Drilling Drilling 10 mm holes at both Drill bit, dot 60
machine the ends of the plate punch , hammer
and steel rule
5 Shop Floor Inspection Vernier calipers 10
(e) Power Gun

It has been fabricated to drive the power screw by providing a suitable slot in the head of the
power screw. The power required to operate the gun is obtained from the battery by means of step up
transformer.

(f) Light Source

A LED bulb is fitted to the base plate on both the sides to facilitate the repairs during the night
time.

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Fig.5 shows assembled view of fabricated jack and the operating circuit is presented in Fig.6

Fig.5 Assembly of Power Scissor Jack

Fig.6 Operating Circuit of Scissor Jack

5. CONCLUSIONS

In this work a power scissor jack which can be operated by a power gun has been designed and
fabricated. The jack has been designed to a pay load of 4.5kN. The salient features of the present
fabrication are elimination of human effort to operate the jack, through a simple electrical device which
can be actuated by a 12 V battery and provision of a light source to facilitate convenient operation during

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night time. The assembly of the component can be achieved in 100 minutes. Another feature of the unit
is provision of two trunions on both the sides of the jack to ensure jerk free operation. The elements
which are useful are readily available commercially for easy replacement of failed components, if
required.

REFERENCES

[1]Electric Scissor Jacks, Jack master."Electric Scissor Jacks". Retrieved 8 February 2014
[2]Scholarsresearchlibrary.com/EJAESR-vol1-iss4/EJAESR-2012-1-4-167-172
[3]INPRESSCO-GERNAL ARTICLE; E-ISSN2277-4106, AUTOMATED CAR JACK.
[4]Academia.edu/6167889/Modification of the Existing Design of a Car Jack.
[5]Design and fabrication of motorized automated object lifting jack; IOSRJEN.ISSN 2250-3021.
[6]http://www.ijceronline.com/papers/Vol4_issue07/Version-1/A0470101011
[7]IOSR Journal of Engineering (IOSRJEN) www.iosrjen.org, ISSN (e): 2250-3021, ISSN 2278-8719, Vol.
04, Issue 07 (July. 2014), ||V1|| PP 15-28

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