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Memory

Memory has locations with addresses that can be read from or written to using control signals. The characteristics of memory include location, storage capacity, transfer modes, access modes, physical properties like volatility and erasability, access time, reliability, and cost.

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53 views2 pages

Memory

Memory has locations with addresses that can be read from or written to using control signals. The characteristics of memory include location, storage capacity, transfer modes, access modes, physical properties like volatility and erasability, access time, reliability, and cost.

Uploaded by

shruti
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Memory

• Memory has N words of


equal length with address
assigned to each.
• A word of data (specified
by address) can be read
from and written into
memory using read/write
control signals.
• Control signals indicate
whether read/write

. Explain the characteristics of memory . [5M]

 1.Location
◦ Onchip:-Present inside the CPU.E.g.Internal registers of the CPU.
◦ Internal:Present on the motherboard.E.g.Cache and Main memory.
◦ External:Only connectors present on the motherboard.E.g Hard disk,CD ROM
 2.Storage capacity
◦ This indicates the amount of data stored in the memory.
◦ It should be as large as possible.
◦ It is expressed in terms of: m X n
◦ Where m=No of memory locations(no of words)
◦ n=no of bits stored per location(word size)
 Transfer Modes
◦ Word Transfer:-Here only the amount of information required is
transferred.E.g:Main Memory to CPU
◦ Block Transfer:-Here more information than what is required is
transferred.E.g Virtual Memory to Main Memory
 4. Access Modes
◦ Serial Access: Locations are accessed one after the other in a sequential
manner.Time of access depends on the location where the dat is
stored.Eg:Magnetic tapes.
◦ Random Access:Locations can be accessed in any order.Since the required
location can be accessed directly,time of access is the same for all locations.
E.g:RAM(Random Access Memory)
 Physical Properties
◦ Non-Volatile:-Contents are retained after the power is switched off.Eg:ROM
◦ Volatile:-Here the contents are lost after the power is switched off.Eg:RAM
◦ Erasable:-Here the contents can be changed.Eg:RAM
◦ Non-Erasable:-Here contents cannot be changed.EgROM
Desirable:Non-Volatile and Erasable E.g:Hard-Disk
 Access time(Performance)
◦ This is the time between a request is made and the information is availble.It
should be as low as possible.
 Reliability:- The ability of a system or component to perform its required functions
under stated conditions for a specified period of time. It should be as high as
possible.
 Cost:-This indicates the cost of the memory.
◦ It should be as small as possible.
◦ It is expressed in terms of :Cost/bit

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