Outdoor vacuum breaker for railway

applications - FSK II

Single or two-pole outdoor vacuum breaker with magnetic actuator

27.5 kV - 250 kV BIL - 1250 A …. 2000 A - 25.0 kA - 50/60 Hz
27.5 kV - 200 kV BIL - 1250 A …. 2000 A - 25.0 kA - 50/60 Hz
 50/60 Hz outdoor breaker for railway-traction-power-supply

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................................................ 3

HIGH-VOLTAGE POLE..................................................................................................................................... 3

THE MAGNETIC DRIVEN OPERATING MECHANISM............................................................................. 4

BLOCK DIAGRAM ................................................................................................................................................. 4
THE MAGNETIC ACTUATOR ......................................................................................................................... 4

THE CONTROL BOARD.................................................................................................................................... 5

POWER SUPPLY ................................................................................................................................................... 5
CONTROL UNIT .................................................................................................................................................... 5
THE CAPACITOR BANK................................................................................................................................... 6

END POSITION SENSORS................................................................................................................................. 6

SELF MONITORING .......................................................................................................................................... 6

THE CONTROL BOX ......................................................................................................................................... 6

COMPARISON TO THE SPRING-CHARGED MECHANISM..................................................................... 6

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS OF THE HIGH VOLTAGE POLE.......................................................... 7

RATINGS .............................................................................................................................................................. 7
DIMENSIONS ........................................................................................................................................................ 7
VACUUM INTERRUPTER ....................................................................................................................................... 7
MAGNETIC ACTUATOR ......................................................................................................................................... 7
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CONTROL BOARD...................................................................................... 8

ACCESSORIES..................................................................................................................................................... 8

SERVICE CONDITIONS .................................................................................................................................... 8

TYPE TESTS REPORTS ..................................................................................................................................... 9

ROUTINE TESTS................................................................................................................................................. 9

MARKINGS ON THE NAME PLATE............................................................................................................... 9

TECHNICAL DOCUMENTATION ................................................................................................................... 9

OUTLINE DRAWINGS ..................................................................................................................................... 10

2
Product description High-voltage pole
A new generation of FSK type breakers has
been developed to address the railway AC
market for outdoor application. As result of a
continuous improvement of former products
dedicated to the same application range, this
product line is based on proven technology
components and uses vacuum interrupting
technology.

The current is interrupted in a bottle in which

a high vacuum exists. When the contacts
open, a metal vapour arc appears between
the contacts. This vapour carries the current
until next current zero.

The arc extinguishes at current zero and

metal vapour condenses on the metal
surfaces within a few microseconds, which
means that the gap recovers its dielectric
strength very rapidly. The pole consists in vacuum interrupter(s)
( ), encapsulated within hollow porcelain
Thanks to fast interruption and low arc insulators ( ).
resistance, the wear of the contacts is low
and therefore the electrical endurance is On request silicon insulators may replace
very high. the porcelain insulators.

This technology is well suited for railway The space between the insulator and
application where the operating conditions
vacuum interrupter ( ) is filled in with 0.5
are specially demanding.
bar pressure dry nitrogen N2 (or SF6 gas on
request).

The gas guarantees a moisture free stable

environment around the interrupter.

The N2 (or SF6) gas is unaffected by the

electric arc which occurs only inside the
vacuum.

3
The magnetic driven Block diagram
operating mechanism
The magnetic actuator is an ultra-modern
concept for operating mechanism
construction; storing and monitoring its
energy electrically. The result is a completely
maintenance-free drive system, which can
confidently be expected to have even longer
life times than its mechanical predecessors.

Careful selection of all components and

reliable design guarantee maximum
reliability – even under EMC load.
The magnetic actuator
The magnetic actuator technology has been
successfully introduced for medium voltage
circuit breakers in the three-phase market.

Considering the number of magnetic-driven

breakers in operation, the return of
experience has already demonstrated the
same reliability as a spring-charge
mechanism.

The FSK II is the world’s first commercially

produced outdoor breaker for railway power-
supply, which uses the actuation technology.

The benefits of this technology are:

Reduced maintenance duties The actuator is a bi-stable magnet system,

Increased reliability of operation made of two permanent magnets
thanks to reduced number of maintaining the device in open or closed
components and related settings position, and two electrically excited coils.
Interfaces through digital inputs with
reduced power demand Switching operations are released by
Fast simple exchange of any main excitation of one of the coils until the
component. retaining force of the permanent magnets is
Total exchangeability of poles and exceeded.
commands
The magnetic actuator transmits directly its
movement to the vacuum interrupter mobile
contact.

The vacuum interrupter can also be opened

manually with a crank, part of maintenance
tools.

4
 The logic of the processing unit takes
The control board account of priority of OFF commands and
integrates anti-pumping and self-monitoring
features.
The control board consists of two main
elements: Inputs and outputs
The power supply Several digital inputs control the circuit
The control unit breaker. Two “Off-switching” inputs are
available as well as one “Closing lock-out”
Power Supply input.

The inputs are fitted with low-pass filters, to

All necessary application-specific input and damp out line disturbances. Thanks to a
output signals are independent of the type of bridge-rectifier, 50 Hz signals can supply the
auxiliary voltage in accordance with the rest inputs without any additional interface.
of the system, and are integrated by plug-in
technology. Several digital outputs report the status of
the circuit breaker. “Circuit breaker opened”
The selection of a suitable internal power and “Circuit breaker closed” outputs are
supply with feed via a UC-DC converter available as well as one “Ready” output and
makes the breaker independent of the type one “Not Ready” output.
and also almost of the level of auxiliary
voltage. Local control
The power supply has a galvanic insulation The local control of the interrupter is
to protect the circuit breaker from external performed with “On/ Off” push buttons.
disturbances.
A Led indicates the “Ready” for operation
Control Unit status.

The Control Unit consists in principal of input

channels, processing unit, power outputs
and message outputs.

Processing unit

The main tasks of the processing unit are:

To accept an incoming operation

command, from local push-buttons or
from a remote control system
To check the status of the other
inputs, the capacitor voltage and the
position information,
To switch the capacitor voltage on
the relevant coil
To disconnect the coil from the
capacitor once the main contact
reached its final position

5
The capacitor bank Self monitoring
The capacitor stores the electrical energy A watchdog monitors if the programmable
needed for a complete autoreclosing cycle logic array is working. Additional internal
but also ensures power supply to the conditions are monitored:
electronics. The energy content is sufficient
for a buffer time of 200 s on failure of the Availability of the internal voltage
auxiliary power. Position of the end position sensors
(XOR logic)
After an autoreclosing cycle, the recharge of Voltage level of the capacitor
capacitor bank requires less than 100 W
(average value over the charging time) for If these four conditions are fulfilled, the
only a few seconds. “Ready” LED is shining, the output contact
“Ready” is closed and the output contact
The external power consumption is very low “Not Ready” is open.
when the breaker is in the “On” or “Off”
position.
The control box
End position sensors The control box is a small stainless cabinet
housing the electronic board, the capacitor,
the heating resistance, local push buttons
and optional voltage free NO/ NC contacts.

Comparison to the spring-

charged mechanism
The major difference with a spring charge
mechanism is the significant reduction of site
works.

Cables transmit energy from the command

to the pole(s), therefore no mechanical
The concept of a breaker control system adjustment is required neither in factory nor
without any auxiliary switches makes use of on site.
sensors to detect the position of the lever
shaft. The inductive proximity sensors Pole and command are totally independent
employed have proven their worth for these and do not need to be paired on site.
functions in practice, and are of course also
included in the self-monitoring system. FSK II also brings better performances than
its predecessor (shorter operating time,
In addition a mechanical indication (“flag”) of wider current range, better synchronisation
the position of the vacuum interrupter is when used in two-pole configuration, etc.).
provided.

6
Technical specifications of the high voltage pole
Type designation FSK 1020 or FSK 1025
Ratings
Rated voltage 27.5 kV
Rated continuous current 1'
250 A 2'
000 A 2'
500 A
Rated frequency 50 Hz
Number of phase 1 or 2

Rated short-circuit breaking current 25 kA

Rated short circuit making current 63 kA
Rated short time withstand current 25 kA, 3 s

Rated power frequency withstand voltage (50 Hz, 1 min)

Phase to earth 95 kV 105 kV
Across open contacts 95 kV 110 kV

Rated impulse withstand voltage (1.2/50 µs)

Phase to earth 200 kV 250 kV
Across open contacts 200 kV 250 kV

Opening time ≤ 40 ms
Closing time ≤ 60 ms
Rated operating sequences O - 0.3 s - CO – 180 s - CO
CO - 10 s - CO

Standard applied EN 50152-1 – IEC 694

Creepage distance (external)

Between live part and earth 1’215 mm 1720 mm
Between Terminals 1’215 mm 1720 mm
Flashover distance 400 mm 525 mm
Dimensions
Outline drawing FSK 1020 FSK 1025
Vacuum interrupter
Storage life > 20 years
Vacuum degree < 10-4 Pa

Electrical endurance 1)
• at rated current 20'
000
• at rated short circuit current 50
1)
According to vacuum interrupter datasheet

Magnetic actuator
Mechanical endurance 100’000

7
Characteristics of the control board
Power supply voltage range
Service operating voltage, low voltage range 20 … 60 V AC/DC
Service operating voltage, high voltage range 80 … 264 V AC/DC
Consumption
In normal position 4 W .. 10 W
During a charging process approx. 100 W
Recharging time
1)
Capacitor bank recharging time at minimum voltage ≤3s
1)
Capacitor bank recharging time at maximum voltage ≤2s
1)
Charging time for capacitor bank of 0.1 F
Binary inputs
Electrical isolation from the electronics 2 kV AC
Electrical isolation between the inputs 2 kV AC
Maximum input voltage 260 V AC/DC
Response range 48 to 250 V AC/DC
Current consumption ≤ 2 mA at 250V AC/DC
Protection against voltage surges Yes
Binary outputs
Electrical isolation from the electronics 2 kV AC
Electrical isolation between the inputs 2 kV AC
Maximum switching voltage 400 V DC/ 280 V AC
Maximum switching current 0.5 A AC/DC

Accessories
Five-digit operation counter 1
Electrical opening and closing push button 1+1
Mechanical indicator “Close”/“Open” 1
Electrical indicator “Ready” 1
Local/ Remote Switch (option) 1

Service conditions
Operating temperature range - 25 / +50° C
Altitude ≤ 1000 m

8
Type tests reports
Copies of following type tests reports are available on request:

• Insulation voltage
• Short-circuit breaking and making current
• Short-circuit withstand current and peak withstand current
• Capacitive current
• Temperature rise
• Measurement of the main circuit resistance
• Mechanical endurance test

Only routine tests are performed for delivery of the equipment.

Routine tests
The following routine tests are carried out in the seller’s factory:

• Construction inspection
• Mechanical operation and mechanical data test
• Measurement of the main circuit resistance
• Power frequency withstand voltage of the main, auxiliary and control circuit

Markings on the name plate

Following information are mentioned on the name plate:

• Manufacturer’s name and trade mark

• Type designation name
• Date of manufacture and serial number
• Rated voltage
• Rated lightning impulse withstand voltage
• Rated current
• Rated short circuit breaking current
• Rated operating sequence
• Rated frequency
• Name and type of the operating mechanism;

Technical documentation
For each order, the following technical documentation (in English) will be provided in 2
copies:

• Operation and maintenance manual

• Outline drawing for the pole
• Outline drawing of the mechanism box
• Wiring diagram
• Routine test reports

9
Outline drawings

1VSR632510B- en , Rev: G, © Copyright ABB.2004 – Subject to modification without notice

FSK 1025, 1250 A, Porcelain FSK 1020, 1250 A, Porcelain

ABB Sécheron Ltd

Rue des Sablières 4-6 / Voie 11A
Zone industrielle Meyrin-Satigny
CH-1217 Meyrin

Contact:
P.O. Box 2095
CH-1211 Geneva 2
Tel: +41 22 306 21 17
Fax: +41 22 306 26 82
E-mail : [email protected]
www.abb.com/railway