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    Chapter 10

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    NUR ARIFAH DAUD
    This document discusses factors that established a more democratic basis in English society such as reforms to parliament, penal codes, and restrictions on child labor. It also discusses factors that united different parts of Britain like cheap newspapers, mail, transportation, and communication improvements. The document notes developments in science and intellectual activity expanded English vocabulary. New words entered the language from sources like other languages, science, world wars, and as symbols of new ideas.

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    Chapter 10

    Uploaded by

    NUR ARIFAH DAUD
    54 views1 page
    This document discusses factors that established a more democratic basis in English society such as reforms to parliament, penal codes, and restrictions on child labor. It also discusses factors that united different parts of Britain like cheap newspapers, mail, transportation, and communication improvements. The document notes developments in science and intellectual activity expanded English vocabulary. New words entered the language from sources like other languages, science, world wars, and as symbols of new ideas.

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    This document discusses factors that established a more democratic basis in English society such as reforms to parliament, penal codes, and restrictions on child labor. It also discusses factors that united different parts of Britain like cheap newspapers, mail, transportation, and communication improvements. The document notes developments in science and intellectual activity expanded English vocabulary. New words entered the language from sources like other languages, science, world wars, and as symbols of new ideas.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    54 views1 page

    Chapter 10

    Uploaded by

    NUR ARIFAH DAUD
    This document discusses factors that established a more democratic basis in English society such as reforms to parliament, penal codes, and restrictions on child labor. It also discusses factors that united different parts of Britain like cheap newspapers, mail, transportation, and communication improvements. The document notes developments in science and intellectual activity expanded English vocabulary. New words entered the language from sources like other languages, science, world wars, and as symbols of new ideas.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 1

    Baugh & Cable: Ch 10 enriched and spiced by borrowings from Mexican

    Spanish.
    Factors that establish English society on a more
     rom Russia have come troika, vodka, and, with
    democratic basis
    momentous political and economic changes,
     Reorganisation of parliament glasnost and perestroika .
     Revision of penal code and poor laws
     Restrictions placed on child labour
     Other industrial reforms Self-explaining Compounds

    Consequences:  represented in the practice of making self-


    explaining compounds to derive new words
     Lessened the distance between upper and lower
    classes Compounds formed from Greek and Latin Elements
     Increased the opportunities for the mass of the
     eugenics – eu (well) and yev (to be born)
    population to share in the economic and cultural
    advantages Prefixed and Suffixes

    Factors that unite different parts of Britain & the  appending familiar prefixes and suffixes to
    spreading of standard speech existing words on the pattern of similar words
    in the language.
     Establishment of first cheap newspaper (1816)
    and cheap postage (1840)
     Improved means of travel and communication
    brought about by the railroad & steamboat
     Telegraph

    Other developments

     Developments in science and rapid progress made


    in intellectual activity
     When all classes of people participate in such
    activity, it expands the usage of words

    The Growth of Science

     Biology – anaemia, bronchitis, appendicitis


     Electricity – dynamo, commutator, alternating
    current
     Chemistry – alkali, benzene, creosote

    World Wars
     words that came into English (1914-1918) as
    consequence of World War 1. Some of these are
    military terms representing new methods of
    warfare (air raid, antiaircraft gun), camouflage
    (French)

    Language as a Mirror of Progress

     Symbols by which people express their ideas

    Sources of New Words: Borrowings

     Southwestern United States and increasingly


    throughout the country, the dinner table is

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