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Ancient

The document discusses several key concepts related to rational functions: 1. A rational function is defined as a function that can be written as a fraction where both the numerator and denominator are polynomials. 2. Examples of rational functions include R(x) = (x^2 + 4x - 1) / (3x^2 - 9x + 2) and R(x) = 1 / ((x - 1)(x^2 + 3)). 3. Vertical asymptotes of a rational function occur when the value of the function approaches positive or negative infinity as x approaches a particular value. To find vertical asymptotes, one examines the common factors between the numerator and denominator.

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55 views4 pages

Ancient

The document discusses several key concepts related to rational functions: 1. A rational function is defined as a function that can be written as a fraction where both the numerator and denominator are polynomials. 2. Examples of rational functions include R(x) = (x^2 + 4x - 1) / (3x^2 - 9x + 2) and R(x) = 1 / ((x - 1)(x^2 + 3)). 3. Vertical asymptotes of a rational function occur when the value of the function approaches positive or negative infinity as x approaches a particular value. To find vertical asymptotes, one examines the common factors between the numerator and denominator.

Uploaded by

Twins Fajardo
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ANCIENT

Ancient means belonging to the distant past, especially to the period in history before the end of
the Roman Empire. It means very old, or having existed for a long time. The people of an
old civilization, especially classical Greece or Rome is also called ancients.

The nature of communication: Communication can be pervaded in every area of human


existence. By simply crying and moping fully newborn babies convey what is this great about their
appearance in this world. By means of creating your seem these people probably express his or
her anticipation with regard to mother’s appreciate as well as love. Communication represents the
important role inside personal existence, family member’s existence, cultural existence, company
existence and many others.

9 ELEMENTS OF COMMUNICATION
1. Speaker–
the source of information or messageWho are the individuals who had the chance to talk during
your groupsharing/discussion?Who had the chance to speak?
2. Message–
the information, ideas, or thoughts conveyed by the speaker inwords or in actionsWhat did you talk
about/
3. Encoding –
the process of converting the message into words, actions, orother forms that the speaker
understandsHow did you communicate with your fellow group mates?Did you use a technique to let
others understand?
4. Channel –
the medium or the means, such as personal or non-personal,verbal or non-verbal, in which
the encoded message is conveyed
5. Decoding
the process of interpreting the encoded message of the speaker by the receiverHow did your group
members interpret the message?
6. Receiver
– the recipient of the message, or someone who decodes themessage
7. Feedback
– the reactions, responses, or information provided by thereceiver
8. Context
– the environment where communication takes place
9. Barrier–
the factors that affect the flow of communicationWhat are the barriers present during your group
discussion?
Definition of a Rational Function

A rational function is a function that is a fraction and has the property that both its numerator and
denominator are polynomials. In other words, R(x) is a rational function if R(x) = p(x) / q(x) where p(x) and
q(x) are both polynomials. Recall that a polynomial is any function of the form f(x) = a-sub-zero + a-sub-1
times x + a-sub-2 times x^2 + . . . + a-sub-n * x^n, where a-sub-0, a-sub-1, . . ., a-sub-n are all real
numbers and the exponents of each x is a non-negative integer.

Examples of Rational Functions

The definition you just got might be a little overbearing, so let's look at some examples of rational
functions:

The function R(x) = (x^2 + 4x - 1) / (3x^2 - 9x + 2) is a rational function since the numerator, x^2 + 4x - 1,
is a polynomial and the denominator, 3x^2 - 9x + 2 is also a polynomial.

The function R(x) = (-2x^5 + 4x^2 - 1) / x^9 is a rational function since the numerator, -2x^5 + 4x^2 - 1, is
a polynomial and the denominator, x^9, is also a polynomial.

The function R(x) = 1 / ((x - 1)(x^2 + 3)) is a rational function since the numerator, 1, is a polynomial (yes,
a constant is still a polynomial) and the denominator, (x - 1)(x^2 + 3), is also a polynomial (it's just in a
factored form).

Non-Examples of Rational Functions

The function R(x) = (sqrt(x) + x^2) / (3x^2 - 9x + 2) is not a rational function since the numerator, sqrt(x)
+ x^2, is not a polynomial since the exponent of x is not an integer.

The function R(x) = (x - 4) / x^(-2/3) + 4 is not a rational function since the denominator, x^(-2/3) + 4, is
not a polynomial since the exponent of x is not a non-negative integer.

Vertical Asymptotes

One of the most unique properties of a rational function is that it may have vertical asymptotes. First off,
we should probably define a vertical asymptote. A vertical asymptote at a value x is when the value of
our function approaches either positive or negative infinity when we evaluate our function at values that
approach x (but are not equal to x).

This example may help clarify the idea of a vertical asymptote:


We see there is a vertical asymptote when x = 1 since the function is approaching negative infinity as we
approach 1 from the left, and the function is approaching positive infinity as we approach 1 from the right.

Finding Vertical Asymptotes

How do we find the vertical asymptotes (if any exist) if we have been given a rational function? We can
use the following theorem:

Theorem: Let R(x) be a rational function with no common factors between the numerator and the
denominator.

The vertical line test is a method that is used to determine whether a given relation is a function or not.
The approach is rather simple. Draw a vertical line cutting through the graph of the relation, and then
observe the points of intersection.
Why does this work? The vertical line test supports the definition of a function. That is, every x-value of a
function must be paired to a single y-value. If we think of each vertical line as an x-value, then intersecting
the graph of a relation at exactly one point implies that a single x-value is paired to a unique value of y.
In contrary, if the vertical line intersects the graph more than once this suggests that a single x-value is
being associated with more than one value of y. This condition causes the relation to be disqualified as a
function.

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