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Lecture 10B - Area Computation Techniques and Omitted Measurements

The document discusses omitted measurements that occur when it is not possible to directly observe all measurements during a surveying project. There are three common types of omitted measurements: 1) when the length and direction of one side are unknown, 2) when the measurements of two adjoining sides are unknown, and 3) when the measurements of two non-adjoining sides are unknown. Examples are provided for each type, demonstrating how to determine the omitted measurements through trigonometric calculations and solving for the closing line of the survey.

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Catherine Shaina O. Pasion
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575 views14 pages

Lecture 10B - Area Computation Techniques and Omitted Measurements

The document discusses omitted measurements that occur when it is not possible to directly observe all measurements during a surveying project. There are three common types of omitted measurements: 1) when the length and direction of one side are unknown, 2) when the measurements of two adjoining sides are unknown, and 3) when the measurements of two non-adjoining sides are unknown. Examples are provided for each type, demonstrating how to determine the omitted measurements through trigonometric calculations and solving for the closing line of the survey.

Uploaded by

Catherine Shaina O. Pasion
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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OMITTED

MEASUREMENTS

Department of Geodetic Engineering


Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry GE 10 – General Surveying I
1
Omitted Measurements

• When it is not practical or possible to determine


the length or direction of a line by field
observation
• Missing quantities should not exceed 2 in number
• Assumption is that observed values are without
error

Department of Geodetic Engineering


Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry GE 10 – General Surveying I
2
Common Types
of Omitted Measurements

1. Length and direction of 1 side unknown

2. Omitted measurements involving 2 adjoining sides


1st CASE: Length of 1 side & direction of another side
unknown
2nd CASE: Lengths of 2 sides unknown
3rd CASE: Directions of 2 sides unknown
3. Omitted measurements involving 2 Non-adjoining sides
1st CASE: Length of 1 side & direction of
another side unknown
2nd CASE: Lengths of 2 sides unknown
3rd CASE: Directions of 2 sides unknown
Department of Geodetic Engineering
Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry GE 10 – General Surveying I
3
Common Types
of Omitted Measurements

1. Length and direction of 1 side unknown

2. Omitted measurements involving 2 adjoining sides


1st CASE: Length of 1 side & direction of another side
unknown
2nd CASE: Lengths of 2 sides unknown
3rd CASE: Directions of 2 sides unknown
3. Omitted measurements involving 2 Non-adjoining sides
1st CASE: Length of 1 side & direction of
another side unknown
2nd CASE: Lengths of 2 sides unknown
3rd CASE: Directions of 2 sides unknown
Department of Geodetic Engineering
Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry GE 10 – General Surveying I
4
Omitted Measurements
Length and direction of 1 side unknown (TYPE 1)
Example:
Given the ff sketch and data for a closed traverse, determine the
length and bearing of unknown side FA

E C
LINE LENGTH BEARING
AB 733.75 N 76-18 E
D
BC 598.23 N 23-20 W
F
CD 415.05 S 61-35 W
DE 511.38 N 57-00 W
EF 395.06 S 32-45 W
FA 710.88
________ S 48-25 E
________
B

A
Department of Geodetic Engineering
Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry GE 10 – General Surveying I
5
Omitted Measurements
Involving 2 Adjoining Sides (TYPE 2)
1st CASE: Length of 1 side & direction of another side unknown
Example:
Given the ff sketch and data for a closed traverse, determine the
omitted measurements of lines DE and EA
A
E
B

LINE LENGTH BEARING


AB 1084.32 S 75-48 E
BC 1590.51 S 15-18 W
CD 1294.74 S 68-06 W
DE _________ N 28-39 W
EA 1738.96 _________

Department of Geodetic Engineering


Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry D GE 10 – General Surveying I
6
Omitted Measurements Involving 2 Adjoining Sides
1st CASE: Length of 1 side & direction of another side unknown

Solving for the closing line:


A
E
B

Lda = 2353.08m
bda = N 14-01 E

Department of Geodetic Engineering


Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry GE 10 – General Surveying I
D 7
Omitted Measurements Involving 2 Adjoining Sides
1st CASE: Length of 1 side & direction of another side unknown

Determining the bearing of line DE and length of line EA:


A
E Summation of Angles at D:
B
Angle D = 42-40
By Sine Law:
Angle E = 66-30

Since S of angles = 180o :


Angle A = 70-50

Unknown Length About station E:


bEA = N 84-51 E
C
By Sine Law:

Department of Geodetic Engineering


DE = 2423.62m
Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry GE 10 – General Surveying I
8
D
Omitted Measurements
Involving 2 Non-adjoining Sides (TYPE 3)
2nd CASE: Lengths of 2 sides unknown
Example:
Given the ff sketch and data for a closed traverse, determine the
omitted measurements of non-adjoining sides BC and EF
C

LINE LENGTH BEARING


AB 620.06 S 87-30 E
A
BC ________ N 30-30 E B
CD 691.56 S 42-45 E
DE 688.48 S 60-40 W
EF ________ N 74-05 W
FA 412.35 N 07-02 E
F D

Department of Geodetic Engineering


Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry GE 10 E– General Surveying I
9
Omitted Measurements Involving 2 Non-adjoining Sides
2nd CASE: Lengths of 2 sides unknown

Draw an equivalent transformed figure!

C
ab C

bc
A
B

ef

F D
D
fa

E
E
Department of Geodetic Engineering
Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry GE 10 – General Surveying I
10
Omitted Measurements Involving 2 Non-adjoining Sides
2nd CASE: Lengths of 2 sides unknown

Determining the length and bearing of the closing line CL


ab
C

bc
Side BC
(Unknown Length)

ef

Side EF
(Unknown Length) D

fa
DepCL= -Sdep = -539.18m
LatCL= -Slat = +462.91m
E
Therefore, dCL=710.63 m and bCL = N 49-21 W
Department of Geodetic Engineering
Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry GE 10 – General Surveying I
11
Omitted Measurements Involving 2 Non-adjoining Sides
2nd CASE: Lengths of 2 sides unknown

Determining lengths of sides BC and EF

1 Closing Line
Side BC
(Unknown Length)
Angle 1= bBC+bCL=79-51
bc
710.63 m
Angle 2= bEF - bCL=24-44

Angle 3=
180-(angle1+angle2)=75-25
3

ef
2
Side EF
(Unknown Length)

By Sine Law:
BC = 307.22 m (length of side BC)
Department of Geodetic Engineering EF = 722.80 m
Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry GE 10 (length
– GeneralofSurveying
side EF)I
12
WHAT ABOUT THE OTHER CASES OF TYPES 2 & 3?

For the other cases of Types 2 &3 of Omitted Measurements, consult


Elementary Surveying, 3rd Ed by Juny Pilapil La Putt, pp. 431-458
The said cases can be solved by following the procedures we have
discussed in this lecture.

Department of Geodetic Engineering


Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry GE 10 – General Surveying I
13
Department of Geodetic Engineering
Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry GE 10 – General Surveying I
14

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