Express Water - June 2018

CONTENTS
Vol 01 No 7 June 2018 Pages60 TECH UPDATE

Chairman of the Board
Viveck Goenka DESIGN WATER

Sr Vice President - BPD
Neil Viegas
22 TREATMENT SYSTEMS IN
AN EVEN MORE USER-
FRIENDLY PROCESS
Editor
Mayur Sharma*
DESIGN
TECH FOCUS
National Design Editor
SAVING ENERGY ONLY
Bivash Barua
Assistant Art Director
34 WORKS IF IT IS EASY
Pravin Temble THREE DECADES IN

Chief Designer
Prasad Tate
36 GEORGIA - SCREW PUMPS
SHOW THEIR STRENGTH
Senior Designer
Rekha Bisht 37 CUTTER CLEARS CLOGS
The Seawater Desalination

Graphic Designer
Gauri Deorukhkar
MUNICIPAL WATER
DIGITAL TEAM
Head of Internet LEAD IN DRINKING WATER:

38
- Dream Coming True?
Viraj Mehta PAST, PRESENT, AND
FUTURE
Web Developer
Dhaval Das
Senior Executive - Online
Pushkar Worlikar
OUT OF THE BOX
Executive - Online
Is desalination finally the answer to water scarcity in
Salil Sule arid regions of our planet? As the countries are ALL THAT DOES NOT
GLITTER IS ALSO GOLD -
SCHEDULING & COORDINATION
increasingly depending on seawater desalination to 42 SEWAGE IS AN ASSET, NOT
A LIABILITY
Santosh Lokare provide drinking water for the fast-growing coastal
Photo Editor population, how big a role will desalination play?
Sandeep Patil
Express Water aims to explore if the right application of URBAN WATER
MARKETING
current and future desalination technologies at the
Kailash Shirodkar 100RC AND NIUA
right place can make this dream come true or not.
CIRCULATION 44 ANNOUNCE NATIONAL
LEVEL EFFORT FOR URBAN
Mohan Varadakar 23-33 RESILIENCE IN INDIA
PRODUCTION
General Manager
B R Tipnis INTERVIEW SMART WATER

Manager
SMART WASTEWATER/
Bhadresh Valia
Express Water
TM
15 VIETNAM'S KEY WATER CHALLENGES
AND LESSONS FROM THE REGION - DR.
THANG NAM DO, VISITING FELLOW -
48 SEWERAGE TREATMENT
FOR SMART INDIA
CRAWFORD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC POLICY -
REGD. WITH RNI NO. MAHENG/2017/74894. AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
Printed by The Indian Express (P) Ltd.
and published by Ms Vaidehi Thakar on
PROJECT TRACKER
behalf of The Indian Express Press, Plot
No. EL-208, TTC Industrial Area, THE GOVERNMENT HOPES
P06 : EDITOR’S NOTE
Mahape, Navi Mumbai - 400710 and
Published from Express Towers, 1st
56 TO CLEAN 70-80% OF RIVER
GANGA BY MARCH 2019:
Floor, Nariman Point, Mumbai - 400021. P08 : IN THE NEWS NITIN GADKARI
WATER TREATMENT FIRST
(Editorial & Administrative Offices:
Express Towers, 1st Floor, Nariman P14 : PRODUCTS 57 AS SCOTTISH WATER TRIALS
NYEX
Point, Mumbai – 400021)
Copyright © 2017
The Indian Express (P) Limited. All rights reserved throughout the world. Reproduction in any manner, electronic or otherwise, in whole or in part, without prior written permission is prohibited.
*Responsible for selection of news under PRB Act
4 June, 2018 EXPRESS WATER

EDITOR’S NOTE
The Seawater Desalination - Dream Coming True?

Is desalination finally the answer to water scarcity jor ports of India - Paradip, Ennore, and Chi-
in the arid regions of our planet? As the countries are dambarnar - will now install plants to recycle and de-
increasingly depending on seawater desalination to salinate seawater. The initiative is expected to bene-
provide drinking water for the fast-growing coastal fit the nearby areas and cities.
population, how big a role will desalination play? This The desalination is a high-cost option when com-
month, in our cover story, we have aimed to explore pared to many other water-recycling technologies.
if the right application of current and future desali- And it still requires a lot of energy. But as water
nation technologies at the right place can make this scarcity will become a bigger challenge, the coastal
dream come true. regions will have to increasingly turn to desalination
Over the past few years, the global water desali- as the solution.
nation industry has grown a lot, reaching 99.8 million One of the more encouraging statements comes
cubic meters per day (m3/d) in 2017, as per recent re- from Yoon Seok-won, Head of Water BG Group at
ports. While the Middle East has always been the Doosan Heavy Industries, when he speaks on the oc-
front-runner, Asia Pacific is likely to show an excep- casion of winning a 470 billion won (USD 422.05 mil-
tional growth in this sector due to increasing need for lion) Seawater Reverse Osmosis Desalination
water utilization, especially in the manufacturing sec- (SWRO) plant construction deal in Saudi Arabia,
tor. “We hope to move more aggressively to tap into the
We can understand this situation in the light of a re- global RO seawater desalination market, which will
cent news from India. In the Kutch region of Gujarat worth USD 4.5 billion (5.01 trillion won), by 2020.”
state, where water supply situation is getting worse, From this month, we have introduced a new sec-
the industrial units are now looking at the captive tion ‘Tech Focus’ - where we will specifically focus on
seawater desalination plants in the region as alterna- current and upcoming technologies, their applica-
tive solutions to meet their water needs. For the “The cure for anything is tions, and products. This section will be a significant
same, the regional industrial-association has re- part of our editorial calendar apart from our cover
quested the state government to allow water supply salt water: sweat, tears or stories.
from private desalination plants. The Gujarat state the sea.” In our next issue (July 2018), we will focus on
government has also announced that it will set up a “Storm Water Management & Floods” and “Water
seawater desalination plant of 100 Million Liter per - Isak Dinesen Supply, Transportation & Distribution”. I welcome
Day (MLD) capacity near Jodiya town in coastal Jam- editorial contributions on these and all other topics
nagar district. The state government eventually aims which you find significant for the water sector.
to set-up 10 seawater desalination plants along its
1,600-km long coastline to address the issue of water
MAYUR SHARMA
shortage. Editor
In another announcement by the Government of [email protected]
India, to meet the potable water demand, three ma- @TheExpressWater
HEAD OFFICE - MUMBAI Important:Whilst care is

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IN THE NEWS
WABAG Secures Repeat Order Worth INR 296 Crores from Delhi
Jal Board,and Also Announces FY18 Results
Company’s consolidated revenue is INR 3,457 crores, Profit After Tax (PAT) of INR 132 crores
is up by 28%, and its board recommends a final dividend of 200%.
Mayur Sharma including operation and main- India Cluster, said “We at Managing Director, VA Tech
India tenance for 11 years. The proj- WABAG are excited at the WABAG Ltd, said, “I’m very
ect will be financed by Japan continuous flow of orders. pleased that as a group, we
VA TECH WABAG Limited International Cooperation This repeat order reflects the continue to deliver profitable
has secured an order for INR Agency (JICA). client’s confidence in us and growth consistently. The
296 Crores from Delhi Jal The up-gradation includes our capabilities. This is a testi- order flow momentum which
Board towards rehabilitation WABAG designing and con- mony to the fact that WABAG has picked up recently and
and up-gradation of the 182 structing a Biogas power gen- continues to enjoy the status our favorable positions in
MLD Wastewater Treatment eration unit from sewage, of “Most Preferred Supplier” upcoming jobs in India and
Plant at Rithala under the reducing dependence on the in water and wastewater overseas gives me the confi-
Yamuna Action Plan. The power grid. This is another Rajiv Mittal treatment space.” dence that we will continue to
scope includes design, supply, fine example of promoting the Commenting on this develop- Commenting on company’s grow with a healthy order
construction, commissioning waste-to-energy concept. ment, Pankaj Sachdeva, CEO - annual results, Rajiv Mittal, book and margin expansion.”
BASFand Solenis to Join Forces byCombining ANDRITZto Refurbish Dewatering

Paper and Water Chemicals Businesses Equipment for TMPWashing Stage at
EW Staff lines BASF’s active portfolio Nanjing, China, are not trans-
Hallsta Paper Mill
Germany management and enables us ferred and will deliver prod-
to share in the future success ucts and raw materials to the
BASF AND SOLENIS have of this promising joint entity,” combined entity under mid- to improve the pulp quality, thus
signed an agreement to join says Dr. Markus Kamieth, long-term supply agreements. ensuring higher product qual-
forces by combining BASF’s member of the Board of “We will remain committed ity on the paper machine.
paper wet-end and water Executive Directors of BASF to the paper and water treat- PM12 manufactures book
chemicals business with SE and responsible for the ment industries through our paper and newsprint grades.
Solenis. The combined entity Performance Products. 49% ownership of the com- The scope of supply is:
with proforma sales of around The transaction comprises bined entity and bring our EW Staff refurbishment of two used
€2.4 billion and around 5,000 BASF’s global paper wet-end excellent technologies, prod- Sweden ANDRITZ twin wire presses,
employees in 2017 aims to and water chemicals business ucts, and production process- relocation, and overhaul of an
deliver additional value for with 2017 sales of around €800 es. Combined with Solenis’ ANDRITZ HAS RECEIVED existing ANDRITZ pulp screw
paper and water treatment million and around 1,300 service capabilities, we will an order from Holmen Paper, press used in the former de-
customers. For the water employees globally. The trans- create additional value for our a part of the Holmen Group, inking plant at Hallsta paper
treatment industry, the cus- fer includes production sites customers”, says Anup Sweden, to refurbish and mill, installation of a new con-
tomers of the joint organiza- and plants of the paper wet- Kothari, President of BASF’s install dewatering equipment veyor for pulp dilution and
tion will benefit from Solenis’ end and water chemicals busi- Performance Chemicals divi- for a new TMP (thermo- shredding after washing, and
high-quality service capabili- ness in Bradford and Grimsby, sion. mechanical pulp) washing rebuild and relocation of two
ties and BASF’s broad water UK; Suffolk, Virginia, USA; “Together, we have a stage at PM 12 in Hallstavik. existing screw conveyors.
treatment chemicals platform. Altamira, Mexico; unique opportunity to create a ANDRITZ will refurbish ANDRITZ’s broad know-
BASF will hold a 49% share of Ankleshwar, India, and customer-focused global spe- two used ANDRITZ twin wire how on the refurbishment of
the combined entity that will Kwinana, Australia. BASF’s cialty chemical company with presses and relocate an exist- dewatering equipment as well
operate under the Solenis paper and water chemicals an enhanced focus and ing ANDRITZ pulp screw as its longstanding and excel-
name and be headquartered in production plants strongly expanded offerings”, under- press. After re-installation as lent relationship with Holmen
Wilmington, Delaware, USA. embedded in the Verbund in lines John E. Panichella, CEO the TMP washing stage, the Paper was decisive for the
“The transaction under- Ludwigshafen, Germany, and of Solenis. dewatering equipment will order award.

IN THE NEWS
SPMLInfra Declares Profit of INR 431.16 Million in Financial Results

The company has recorded gross revenue of INR 14,117.11 million. The Profit After Tax (PAT)
for the year rises to INR 431.16 million.
Mayur Sharma up at INR 431.1 million against Company to strengthen its tion in Gujarat, which was
India INR 14.4 million in FY 17, working capital management inaugurated by the Hon’ble
reduction in administrative & and larger cash flows will Prime Minister of India. Our
SPML INFRA LIMITED has other expenses from INR make it possible for SPML expertise and proven track
declared the financial results 1,226.4 million in 2016-17 to Infra to complete projects record of developing robust
for the quarter and the finan- INR 762.8 million in 2017-18, within time and budgeted water infrastructure and pro-
cial year ended March 31, 2018. and successfully implemented cost. viding drinking water facili-
The company’s board has S4A scheme. Subhash Sethi, Chairman, ties to over 40 million Indian
approved the Standalone INR 5,469.2 Million debt SPML Infra commented, “Our population have made SPML
Audited Financial Results for has been restructured under journey to provide sustainable Infra among the world’s top 50
the quarter and the financial Subhash Sethi S4A Scheme by a consortium infrastructure with profitable water companies. SPML Infra
year ended 31st March 2018 Financial highlights of the of banks for repayment from growth continues to be our is currently executing about
and declared that the company financial year 2017-18 are: 2023 onward for the next five focus with the consolidation of 40 water supply and power
has recorded gross revenue of standalone EBITDA for FY 18 years. finances and optimization of transmission and distribution
INR 14,117.11 million. The Profit at INR 2,581.9 million against The moratorium on the resources. We completed a projects and we are confident
After Tax (PAT) for the year INR 2,143.18 million in FY 17, interest for the first five years prestigious project for drink- of delivering these projects on
rises to INR 431.16 million. standalone FY 18 Net Profit will make it possible for the ing water supply and irriga- time.”
Fluence Awarded Aspiral™ Wastewater Project H2O Innovation (Piedmont) Positions Itself
in Changping District,Beijing,China Strategicallyon the International
Desalination Market with ISO 9001: 2015
This is the first MABR plant in Beijing area and with its Certification
new local partner Glory Land (Beijing) Science &
Technology Co., Ltd.
EW Staff gically to better meet the
Canada price, quality and delivery
requirements of its interna-
EW Staff works. Once completed, the ing of the rebranding of our H2O INNOVATION INC tional customers. “This certifi-
China plant will be used by the Aspiral family of wastewater recently obtained its ISO cation is part of a positioning
Changping District govern- treatment solutions, it gives 9001:2015 certification, ensur- approach on the international
FLUENCE CORPORATION ment to treat domestic waste- me great pleasure to ing quality management, from desalination market that will
LIMITED has secured a con- water from an innovative announce today that we con- design to manufacturing, of all certainly allow us to adequate-
tract from the Changping underground treatment tinue to make progress on our its products and components ly meet the needs of our large
District government for the installation. growth strategy in China with for water treatment systems. customer base. It is also a pre-
purchase of an Aspiral™ S1 Fluence’s Aspiral™ S1 unit this sale of an Aspiral™ S1 in a This is a major milestone in its requisite for most of the large
smart-packaged MABR-based is designed to treat waste- new province and with a new strategic positioning with the EPCs (Engineering,
solution (formerly known as water to effluent standards partner. We’ve standardized major players of the desalina- Procurement, Construction)
CMABR) for use in a munici- which exceed Class 1A quality features and options of our tion industry. involved in the manufacturing
pal wastewater treatment in order to comply with packaged units that make By 2025, the international of large desalination plants”,
plant. The plant will be locat- Beijing local standards. The these innovative solutions desalination market is expect- stated Ties Venema -
ed in Changping District, unit will treat 20 m3/d (5,000 easy to customize, install, use, ed to reach $27 B, represent- Commercial Director of
Municipality of Beijing, Hebei GPD) and is scheduled to be maintain, and even expand. ing a 103% increase compared Piedmont.
province, China. commissioned as soon as We’re confident that, within to 2016, mainly driven by rapid H2O Innovation has also
This is the first contract October 2018. this family of products, we industrialization, population been awarded five new water
won through Fluence’s new Commenting on this most have a solution to satisfy any growth and depletion of fresh- and wastewater projects in
local partners Glory Land recent award in China, customers’ need for any water bodies. The Middle East North America. These new
(Beijing) Science & Fluence Managing Director & municipal domestic waste- & Africa are the largest mar- contracts, worth $4.1 M, will
Technology Co., Ltd., which CEO Henry Charrabé said: water treatment challenge in kets. This is why Piedmont bring the Corporation’s proj-
will also provide the civil “Following yesterday’s unveil- China.” wants to position itself strate- ect sales backlog to $56.6 M.

IN THE NEWS
Singapore’s Advanced Wastewater Treatment Technologies Wins Global Recognition

The novel treatment process is a shining example for others, as it brings down energy use,
saves land and reduces manpower reliance.
EW Staff validate and set new stan- results of harnessing

Singapore dards for wastewater treat- advances in digital water tech-
ment while fulfilling our need nology together with latest
PUB’S WASTEWATER to bring down energy use, advanced water treatment
TREATMENT demonstra- keep things compact in land- processes to realize opera-
tion plant at Ulu Pandan, set scarce Singapore and reduce tional, economic and environ-
up specially to test advanced reliance on manpower. The mental sustainability goals at
used water treatment success of this demonstration the Ulu Pandan wastewater
processes before full deploy- plant will ensure that the plant,” said Cindy Wallis-Lage,
ment in future, has captured future Tuas WRP and its inte- President of Black & Veatch’s
global attention and won the grated NEWater factory can Water Business.
Water/Wastewater Project of contribute sustainably “The BV-AECOM joint
the Year Award at the 2018 nologies at a larger scale, at WRP to be more energy effi- towards the goal of increasing venture is proud to partner
Global Water Awards. the future Tuas WRP. When cient - doubling the energy Singapore’s overall water with PUB to continually set
The Ulu Pandan waste- completed in 2025, Tuas WRP recovery while consuming recycling rate,” said Harry global standards in integrated
water treatment demonstra- will be the largest membrane lesser energy compared to Seah, Assistant Chief water management that
tion plant, which started oper- bioreactor (MBR) facility in conventional plants. Executive (Future Systems ensures sustainable high-
ating in 2017, was jointly the world, with a 30% more “R&D is the key driver to and technology), PUB. quality water for
developed by PUB and the compact footprint compared Singapore achieving a robust The Black & Veatch + Singaporeans. This award is a
Black & Veatch + AECOM to conventional plants. This management system across AECOM Joint Venture serves milestone in our partnership
Joint Venture. The demon- 12,500 m3/day (2.75 million the entire water loop and PUB as the program manager for with PUB, and we look for-
stration plant enables PUB to imperial gallons per day) facil- continues to innovate to Singapore’s Deep Tunnel ward to contributing further
test and validate advanced ity is currently housed at increase the efficiency of Sewerage System Phase 2 to new advances in
wastewater treatment tech- PUB’s Ulu Pandan Water water and wastewater treat- project and the consultant for Singapore’s water manage-
nologies, allowing it to miti- Reclamation Plant. ment. The Ulu Pandan waste- the Ulu Pandan wastewater ment efforts,” said Billy Wong,
gate any operating risks These tested technologies water treatment demonstra- demonstration plant. Regional Executive for
before incorporating the tech- will enable the future Tuas tion plant has allowed us to “This award recognizes the Southeast Asia at AECOM.
EVOQUANamed Companyof the Year byFrost & Sullivan HYFLUX Announces its Exit from the
The distinction follows being named ‘Company of the
Desalination Project in Saudi Arabia
Year’ by GWI last month.
EW Staff of the Kingdom of Saudi
Singapore Arabia, Hyflux was informed by
EW Staff Executive Officer. “We are tomer service.” Additionally, SWCC of its intention to con-
USA proud to be recognized by Frost & Sullivan cited how HYFLUX LTD HAS vert the project into a Build-
Frost & Sullivan for not just Evoqua finds avenues for announced its decision to exit Own-Transfer structure which
EVOQUA WATER our industry leadership but using IoT technology to deliv- from a desalination project in requires Hyflux to inject capital
TECHNOLOGIES has been for the positive impact we er quicker, more efficient the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. to fund the development of
selected as the Water make for our customers each products and services for its Subsequent to its wholly-owned project. In view of the recent
Technology Solutions day as we transform water vast customer base. subsidiary, Hydrochem Saudi developments, Hyflux has
Company of the Year by Frost and enrich life.” Last month, Evoqua also Limited, receiving the Letter of decided not to commit capital
& Sullivan, the leading global In naming Evoqua was named Water Company of Award from the state-owned to this project at this time, and
research and best practices Company of the Year, Frost & the Year by Global Water Saline Water Conversion both SWCC and Hyflux have
firm. Sullivan highlighted Evoqua’s Intelligence (GWI), the lead- Corporation (SWCC) to design, reached mutual agreement to
“At Evoqua, everything we range of technologies and how ing market resource for the build, supply, test and commis- terminate the project. As part
do begins and ends with the company leverages a vast water industry, as part of the sion three seawater reverse of mutual agreement, Hyflux
exceeding the expectations of amount of “experience and Global Water Awards held in osmosis desalination plants in received payment amounting to
our customers,” said Ron industrial know-how to deliver conjunction with GWI’s Global Duba, Wajh and Haql (the USD 3.5 million from SWCC for
Keating, Evoqua Chief top-notch, customizable cus- Water Summit. Project) in the western region work done thus far.

IN THE NEWS
Sulzer Awarded Large Pumps Orders from GE Power India Limited

Sulzer India has been contracted to supply 21 barrel-type boiler feed pump sets for GE Power
India Limited.
EW Staff Included in the orders are assembled, and packaged in

India 21 barrel-type boiler feed India.
pumps (20MW drive) and 21 Sulzer is a key player in the
THE PUMPS ARE destined booster pumps. The pumps supercritical power segment
for the new three thermal are specifically designed for and investing in employees
power plants, i.e., 3x660 MW use in arduous industrial and sites in India, setting up a
Ghatampur, 2x660 MW Obra applications and are opti- new 8MW test bed in
“C” UPRVUL, 2x660MW mized for high-efficiency Mumbai. After a detailed eval-
Jawaharpur JVUNL. Those operations. The scope of sup- uation, the customer has cho-
plants are being built in Uttar ply also includes 12 conden- sen Sulzer as its partner in
Pradesh, India, and owned by Vidyut Utpadan Nigam Limited, respectively. The sate extraction pumps and 14 this important project thanks
Newveli Uttar Pradesh Power Limited and Jawaharpur delivery is scheduled from heater drain pumps. All pump to its technology and well-rec-
Ltd, Uttar Pradesh Rajya Vidyut Utpadan Nigam mid-2018 to mid-2019. sets will be engineered, ognized global experience.
Veolia’s HPD® Black Liquor ACCIONAWins Contract for Operation and Maintenance
Evaporator System Chosen of 16 Wastewater Treatment Plants in Madrid
by Chung Hwa Pulp
The contract awarded by Canal de Isabel II represents
revenues of 24 million euros.
trains (#3 and #4), only train
#3 was modified, adding the
seventh and eight effects, a
parallel second effect and a EW Staff need for traditional secondary settling.
backup condenser. The output Spain Likewise, the WWTP at La Reguera will be
EW Staff of both trains is concentrated equipped with a biogas enrichment process
Taiwan at a new concentrator, inte- ACCIONA AGUA HAS been awarded the con- that works through the anaerobic digestion of
grated on train #3. tract for the operation and maintenance of the sludge, which is later used as biofuel for self-
CHUNG HWA PULP has The project will involve an wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) of consumption or injection into the natural gas
selected Veolia Water additional 80 t/h H2O evapo- Grupo Cuenca Guadarrama, a division of Canal network.
Technologies’ HPD® evapora- ration and a solids increase de Isabel II. It will run for 4 years and came into The cogeneration and biogas enrichment
tor technology to upgrade its from approximately 66% up to effect on 19th April this year. processes will produce around 5,000
Hualien Mill in Taiwan. This 75%. ACCIONA’s proposition represents rev- megawatt-hours a year (MWh) of electricity,
upgrade requires raising the “The optimized OPEX enues (excluding VAT) of 24 million euros. It sufficient to supply a population of around
capacity and Heavy Black offered by Veolia’s solution to will provide a service to a population equivalent 4,000.
Liquor concentration of the Chung Hwa Pulp was ulti- of 2 million people, with a maximum overall Several of the WWTPs in Cuenca
black liquor evaporator trains, mately the difference maker in treatment capacity of 1.75 m3/s and a treated Guadarrama also have tertiary treatment, in
in order to meet the future this project, consolidating flow per year of more than 30.5 million cubic which water goes through different stages
production of fiber line. Veolia’s positioning as an meters. using sand and mesh filters, UV light equip-
The main design require- important partner in the Pulp These plants have biological treatment ment and disinfection with sodium hypochlo-
ments from the client were the & Paper industry” comment- processes for the elimination of nutrients, terti- rite. Through this treatment, 100% self-con-
optimization of the steam con- ed Klaus Andersen, CEO ary treatments and future cogeneration by sumption of industrial water is obtained for the
sumption while making sure Veolia Water Technologies microturbines in the Boadilla WWTP, one of facilities and to cover the sending of regenerat-
not to overload the existing Americas. the facilities. There is also a new WWTP at ed water to Boadilla and Móstoles for watering
equipment and with minimal Chung Hwa Pulp produces, Arroyo Valenoso, which has ultrafiltration tech- parks and gardens.
interaction with the existing sells, and trades in pulp and nology with membrane bioreactors, whose With this new contract, ACCIONA Agua
plants. paper products primarily in application allows the separation of sludge also consolidates its O&M leadership position
Of the two evaporation Taiwan, and mainland China. through the filtering process, removing the in the Region of Madrid.
EXPRESS WATER June, 2018 13

PRODUCTS
Alfa Laval
WILO
Alfa Laval is now
expanding its range of Wilo’s vision for opments in motor and medium-sized pumping sta-
the UltraPure a smart sewage hydraulics technology and tions, both in wet well and dry
Pharmaceutical pump station is a offer integrated control intelli- well installation. Using the inte-
Pumps with an even solution that gence. Other features of the grated web-server, the Rexa
larger selection. offers outstand- Nexos Intelligence are the SOLID-Q is controlled and
Whether a pharma- ing operational intelligent energy-efficiency monitored via the network
ceutical or biotech reliability, energy optimization function and the interface or directly via the
process requires a efficiency and highly sophisticated clogging externally connected touch
centrifugal or PD (positive displacement) pump, the connectivity. detection function. panel. The system interface is
complete range of Alfa Laval UltraPure pumps cov- These mod- The Wilo-Rexa SOLID-Q conveniently accessible via a
ers virtually any pharma or biotech need. The ules are the sewage pump was designed for web browser and supports all
expanded UltraPure range includes the newly latest devel- conveying untreated sewage in operating systems.
released Alfa Laval LKH Prime UltraPure, a greater
selection of well-known Alfa Laval LKH UltraPure,
the new Alfa Laval SX UltraPure and the streamlined American Public Works Association to identify and a better sand velocity distribution than conven-
high-performance Alfa Laval Solid-C UltraPure. “reclaimed” water line components and was adopted tional sand filters. With a non-metal tank and use of
Designed for the demands of pharmaceutical and in 1980 by the AWWA California-Nevada Section for materials that are resistant to chemicals and corro-
biotech industries, the UltraPure range of pumps reclaimed water pipelines. sion it also offers lower operational and maintenance
offer features that can help to optimize production. costs.
Opto 22
Fluence Corporation Opto 22 has released PAC Project Software Suite Schaeffler
R10. This release supports their new groov EPIC®
system, adds eight new control commands, and pro-
vides the ability to
designate individ-
ual I/O and vari-
able tags as
Public Access for
read-only or read-
write use in IIoT
data communica- Schaeffler is introducing advanced new condition
Fluence has unveiled its Aspiral™ family of decen- tions via monitoring technologies to Australasia, which are
tralized, smart packaged wastewater treatment solu- setting new benchmarks for predictive maintenance
tions, based on its innovative Membrane Aerated MQTT/Sparkplug. PAC Project Professional adds an of rotating equipment such as pumps, fans, and elec-
Biofilm Reactor (MABR) technology. Fluence MABR OPC server, database connectivity, PC-based control tric motors. The new globally proven technologies,
is a spirally wound, self-respiring membrane that configuration and support for legacy Opto 22 I/O including the latest evolutions of Schaeffler’s
provides aeration for the wastewater process and units. The Pro version sells for just under USD 1000. SmartQB and SmartCheck condition monitoring
functions as the biological reactor. The Aspiral™ L3, The suite’s control programming software, PAC systems were featured at this year’s Hannover Messe
which treats up to 300 m3/day (80,000 GPD) of raw Control, is full-featured and easy to use, with more exhibition along with a whole host of digitalization
municipal wastewater, is equipped with all internal than 450 commands in plain English, plus graphical and cloud-based technologies that harness the
air and wastewater piping and arrives ready for fast PID tuning and debugging. The most important new advantages of industry 4.0.
installation and start-up. The Aspiral™ S1 and M2 feature with this new release is support for groov
models treat up to 50 m3/day (14,000 GPD) and 115 EPIC.
m3/day (30,000 GPD) of raw municipal wastewater, SUEZ
respectively, and include internal clarifiers, integral To help oil and gas producers scavenge sour gas
pre-treatment screen and arrive fully equipped and Paques effectively, SUEZ has formulated a new version of its
ready for fast installation and start-up. Paques has launched a new version of the Astrasand ProSolv HS line to effectively scavenge H2S without
sand filter: the ASTRASAND®COMPAQT. This fil- phase separation upsets that affect water quality or
ter, which is 30% lower than the original version with salt in the condensate. ProSolv HS is a non-nitrogen-
Mueller Water Products the same filtration process, is based based chemistry that does not impact downstream
Mueller® Resilient Wedge on the reliable continuous sand fil- refining processes. It is safer to deploy compared to
Gate Valves now have an tration technology that has been nitrogen-containing scavengers, which adversely
option for a purple pentagon- proven in the last 35 years. The impact refining processes with the formation of salts
shaped wrench nut, intended reduction of height leads to a 20% and costly corrosion. The new ProSolv HS is formu-
for reclaimed water service saving on energy, it makes the filter lated specifically to address sour gas production con-
installations. This wrench nut easier implementable on existing ditions. The product can scavenge H2S levels to cus-
introduces two distinguishing sites and it is even possible to place tomer target KPIs without impacting process PH.
features: a unique shape it inside. ASTRASAND®COM- This means no costly scale buildup occurs. It can be
requiring a special key for PAQT can be utilized for many a game changer for the customers that now can effec-
improved security and a pur- types of wastewater, with unit capacity varying from tively utilize produced water without further treat-
ple finish to quickly identify only a few to several thousand m3/hour. The highly ment and are able to sell gas condensates with the
reclaimed water. Purple is recognized by the efficient and reliable system offers a short lead time correct salt level and sales specifications.

INTERVIEW
Vietnam's Key Water Challenges

and Lessons from the Region
Dr. Thang Nam Do, visiting fellow at the Crawford School of Public Policy in Australian
National University, speaks about the water challenges and possible solutions in Vietnam.
By IWC for the Australian Water Partnership (AWP)
focusing on different environ- ple. Only about 10% of domes- important region for Vietnam.
mental issues, including water tic wastewater and about 25% The Mekong River delta pro-
and environment. Right now of industrial wastewater is duces more than 50% of our
[at ANU] we’re doing some treated before being dis- rice, and Vietnam is a big rice
research on water issues in charged into the rivers. exporter - the second or third
Vietnam and solutions to Polluted wastewaters have biggest in the world.
those issues. caused big costs in the rivers In short, water scarcity
Vietnam is facing many and lakes surrounding the big and water pollution, exacer-
water challenges. First: water cities and industrial zones. bated by climate change, are
quantity, water scarcity. And they have damaged the posing great risks to
Although Vietnam receives health and livelihoods of mil- Vietnam’s economic develop-
around 2000 mm of rainfall on lions of people who depend on ment and the livelihoods of
average per year, water avail- the water. millions of people in Vietnam.
ability is highly seasonal and Both water scarcity and
unevenly distributed across pollution are being exacerbat- What has the Vietnam Gov-
the country. Water scarcity ed by climate change. As we ernment done to help re-
has become very severe in know, Vietnam is one of the solve these water issues?
many parts of the country. five countries most affected Dr. Thang: Yes, the
For example, in the by climate change. Further, Government of Vietnam has
Mekong Delta and central these issues are being made been aware of the issues and is
highlands in 2016, there was a worse by the development of trying to address them. The
severe drought. It caused loss- hydropower upstream. Law on Water Resources was
es of US$700 million and One study estimates that a promulgated in 2012. The Law
affected more than two mil- sea-level rise of 1 m by the end on Environmental Protection
lion people just in that year. of this century could displace was issued in 2014, addressing
Another reason for water about 11% of Vietnam’s popu- water resources management,
scarcity is Vietnam’s growing lation, mainly in the Red River governance, water environ-
population - over 90 million delta in the north and in the mental regulations, and
people now - with associated Mekong River delta in the enforcement. Those laws pro-
rapid industrialization and south, and among people liv- vide a legal basis to address
urbanization. The groundwa- ing along the coast. Vietnam’s the water scarcity and pollu-
ters are being exploited, and coastline is more than 3000 tion. The government also
we are facing issues with com- km long, and lots of people in issued a National Action Plan
peting water users in agricul- that coastal area will be affect- on Climate Change, and that
ture, industry, households and ed by a rise in sea-levels strategy also addresses and
the environment. They are all through climate change. details water issues. Many
competing for the same water On top of that climate measures have been taken to
sources. change impact, recently address the water issues.
The question is: How much Vietnam has suffered from
water should be allocated for severe typhoons and storm Do you think Vietnam
Please tell us a bit about Visiting Fellow at the what purposes? That is a very surges as well as other could learn anything from
yourself, and the current Crawford School of Public hard decision to make. extreme weather events such Australia?
important water chal- Policy at the Australian There are also water quali- as drought and flash floods. Dr. Thang: Yes, Australia
lenges in Vietnam. National University in ty issues, and they also are The cost last year is estimated is well known internationally
Dr. Thang: It’s my great Canberra Australia. I have being caused by urbanization at around US$1.7 billion. for the ways it has been deal-
pleasure to share some of my worked for more than 20 and industrialization. These are enormous costs ing with water issues - and
understanding and knowledge years for the Ministry of Vietnam is facing serious and impacts, and they are hav- particularly water scarcity. I
about water issues in Natural Resources and water pollution now. ing serious effects in the think Vietnam can learn a lot
Vietnam. I’m currently a Environment in Vietnam, Let me give you an exam- Mekong River delta - a very from Australia’s experience,

INTERVIEW
especially in relation to three relation to water issues? community first will depend have, by some people from allocation that I mentioned
key issues. Dr. Thang: It is interest- on the purpose of your work. outside. That is because of our earlier. If you are interested in
First, river basin manage- ing: gender is mentioned in But either way, it is very quite rapid development and public participation, you may
ment. In Vietnam, the need for many matters, including important to get to know now our overseas trade. These like to help get civil society
management of river basins water issues, in Vietnam. them, to get them to be your people know what needs to be
has been discussed for quite a Women have a very important friends, to build relationships. done: it is just a matter of how
while. The government issued role in daily household deci- And then you move on to to apply that theory in prac-
a decree on river basin mansion-making, especially on the second part, which is get- tice. Vietnam is a developing
agement about 10 years ago, water. We have run some proj- ting to know the issues that country, so a lot of issues need
but so far no organization for ects assisting women – wives are being worked on at the to be addressed at the same
interprovincial river basin and mothers – to raise aware- time. For example, the time. Which one should be Only about 10% of
management has been estab- ness of water use within their Government might be looking addressed first? If you come
lished. It is very difficult to local communities, and cam- to frame policy and effect pol- into Vietnam from outside
domestic
manage water running paigns to make people more icy in terms of water gover- and try to help, please accept wastewater and
through many provinces, so I aware of how to protect water nance. If you know what they that. It is not that the people
think Vietnam can learn from resources: not to contaminate are working on and are famil- in the water sector don’t
about 25% of
the example and lessons the water resource; not to iar with that issue yourself, understand, nor that they industrial
learned in Australia in the waste water; and so on. The then you can work with them don’t have the knowledge. wastewater is
Murray-Darling Basin, and role of women in this is highly and assist them - maybe pro- However, they could use
the computer model for river regarded and very important, pose a solution or help in external assistance and advice treated before
basin management. I think it’s both at the household level other ways to find an answer. in applying their knowledge, being discharged
fair to say we could learn from and in whole communities. The local community may and they might welcome some
both the successes and the I’m hopeful and positive have a different issue. It might objective views on how to into the rivers.
failures of the model. that if we pay more attention be lack of funding to build address the issues. If you have Polluted
A second lesson we can to the gender issue, and social their own water treatment that kind of understanding, I
learn from Australia is about inclusion, and involve women plant, or changing people’s think you could help them to wastewaters have
the legal reformation of water more in water governance, behavior in terms of saving work more efficiently. Twenty caused big costs in
and the environment’s share, then we can have better water, or not polluting the or 30 years ago they may not
meaning that the environment results. rivers, and so on. Once you have known what to do, but the rivers and lakes
has a legal right to receive Right now, Vietnam is try- know what they really need, now it’s more a matter of surrounding the big
water. In Vietnam, that has ing to promote the participa- then that would be very help- needing to know where to
not been explicitly mentioned, tion of women in governance ful for them and for you. start, and how to prioritize the cities and industrial
nor properly provided for. We in many areas. We are aiming So, the first thing is build- issues...and how to apply theo- zones.
still have a lot of water pollu- to raise the percentage of ing connections, and then get- ry in practice.
tion, and many environmental women officials in various ting to know the issues they There are no specific areas
issues because of lack of departments, in the national are facing, and then working that young water profession- involved in water governance,
water, lack of environmental assembly, and in local people’s with them. als should focus on more than or to try to convince different
flows. councils. People care about Vietnam has quite a few others because Vietnam has stakeholders - government,
The third point where I this and are trying to bring in external water consultants many, many issues. I think industry, agricultural industry
think Vietnam can learn from the local participation of from other countries, not just you, as a young professional, and local community - to work
Australian experience is in women. Australia. They come to work should focus on what interests together. There are many
value-based water allocation. with the local people because you. If you are an engineer you options.
As I mentioned earlier, right Do you have any tips for the demand to address water may be most enthusiastic The Australian Water
now we are facing issues of water practitioners inter- issues is increasing. about technological and engi- Partnership (AWP) is an
water allocation for different ested in going to work in I think right now that the neering solutions. If you are Australian Government devel-
competing uses, such as Vietnam, or advice on spe- local start-ups in Vietnam learning or want to apply eco- opment initiative enhancing the
industry and the natural envi- cific areas young water have good knowledge - better nomics, you could help with sustainable management of
ronment. We need informa- professionals should focus than they were thought to the issue of value-based water water across the Indo-Pacific.
tion about the values of water on?
resources and the values of Dr. Thang: For someone
different uses so that we can who hasn’t been to Vietnam, Dr. Thang Nam Do is a visiting fellow at focal point of ASEAN Working Group on
allocate water to maximize there will be many things they the Crawford School of Public Policy, Environmentally Sustainable Cities, and
social benefit and social wel- need to know and would like Australian National University, following national focal point of Water Environment
fare. Which use has the high- to know when they go there to over 20 years working with Vietnam Ministry Partnership for Asia (WEPA). He has led
est value? Which one needs work. But the most important of Natural Resources and Environment. He research projects on water environmental
more water? We need scientif- part is to get to know people has served as the Ministry’s Deputy Director management for river basins, reviewing envi-
ic evidence and also data to because without knowing the General of International Cooperation, Global ronmental economic instruments for revision
help in the policy-making people without having a net- Environment Facility (GEF) Operational of the Law on Environmental Protection
process for water allocation. work, it’s very difficult to work Focal Point, member of GEF public involve- 2014, assessing environmental co-benefits of
We lack fundamental data: in Vietnam. ment policy review panel, Asia and the climate change mitigation policy, pollution
both biophysical data and eco- By ‘people’ I mean every- Pacific’s representative at the GEF7 replen- damage, and national park valuation. In addi-
nomic data on water use. one: government officials, ishment discussions, national focal point of tion, he has acted as a resource person for
local state people, local com- Clean Technology Fund, Chair of Association various regional and national environmental
How are ‘gender equality’ munity - everyone. Whether of Southeast Nations Association (ASEAN) policy issues, including water environmental
and ‘social inclusion’ seen you decide to approach the Working Group on Climate Change, national management and sustainable cities.
in Vietnam, especially in government first or the local

MARKET
SUEZ First-Quarter 2018 Results Fully in

Line with Annual Targets
• In first-quarter 2018, SUEZ posted €4,058m revenue, up 13.9% at constant exchange rates.
Momentum in the International division improved with 3.0% growth at constant exchange
rates. Recycling and Recovery Europe reported revenue growth of 1.3% at constant
exchange rates. This division was bolstered by the sharp improvement in the volume of
waste treated (+3.6%) but was negatively affected by the adverse trend in paper and
cardboard prices following China’s decision to restrict imports. The Water Europe division
grew by 1.4% at constant exchange rates, driven by higher water volumes sold in Latin
America which offset the lack of inflation in Europe. Water Technologies & Solutions
(WT&S) revenue stood at $611m, up 4%.
• EBITDA at end-March 2018 stood at €635m, up 8.8% at constant exchange rates. EBIT rose
10.2% at constant exchange rates, to reach €289m.
• Group net financial debt was €8.8bn versus €8.5bn at end-2017 or 3.3 times EBITDA.
resources by strengthening water facility in Woonsocket modular drinking water pro- tract provides for the con-
the network performance, (Rhode Island). This $43m duction units. struction of a wastewater
thanks to AQUADVANCED® project is part of the munici- With a total production treatment plant and a sewer
solutions. pality’s comprehensive plan to capacity of 92,000 m3/day, network.
In the Recycling and improve its water quality. these units will supply 18 Commenting on the first-
Recovery Europe division, the SUEZ will operate this new cities across 17 regions. quarter 2018 results, Chief
Group will manage the public water treatment plant for 20 In Asia, the City of Executive Officer Jean-Louis
service concession contract in years. Coimbatore in India also Chaussade said: “Growth has
Ardèche (France) for a new On the same continent, the awarded SUEZ the manage- accelerated at SUEZ in both
waste-to-energy and material Group won its first contract in ment and the operation of the revenue and profitability.
recovery facility. El Salvador to renovate the drinking water distribution First-quarter financial results
This new 20-year contract, system for the entire city to are therefore fully in line with
worth a total of €80m, will ensure a 24/7 supply of water our annual targets, which we
include the design, construc- Q1 2018 Results: to its 1.6 million inhabitants. now reiterate. Our efforts to
Jean-Louis Chaussade, CEO, SUEZ tion, and management of this • Revenue: €4,058m, up This 26-year, nearly €400m integrate and extract syner-
future recovery facility, which +13.8% at constant project is SUEZ’s largest gies within WT&S are already
IN THE FIRST QUARTER, is expected to be commis- exchange rates drinking water services man- yielding results and confirm
SUEZ accelerated its growth sioned in the spring of 2020. • EBIT: €289m, up +10.2% agement contract in this coun- the expected value creation
by renewing and winning a The Group also strength- at constant exchange try. path. The operational trends
number of contracts across all ened its presence in England, rates The Group was awarded for this division are also well
its activities and regions. in the county of Devon when it • Net debt: €8,817m; net the contract for the extension on track. The significant 30%
In the Water Europe divi- won the contract to build a debt / EBITDA ratio at of the drinking water produc- growth in the backlog during
sion, the Durance Ventoux transfer center and treat 3.3x tion plant in Medan, the third the quarter bolsters the busi-
Water Authority chose SUEZ 46,000 tons of household largest city in Indonesia. The ness’s growth potential.
to manage its drinking water waste from two districts, as extension of this build-oper- Lastly, SUEZ is fully commit-
service and deploy 57,000 well as six recycling centers. Las Pavas drinking water ate-transfer contract for 25 ted to implementing the
"On'Connect" smart meters in This 10-year contract worth treatment plant in San Pablo years, worth €191m, provides action plan presented at the
28 cities. about €68m may be extended Tacachico and secure the for the funding, construction, start of the year, which is also
The urban community for five years. water supply for the popula- operation, and transfer of two based on accelerating the
Paris-Saclay also entrusted Abroad, SUEZ also won in tion. additional water production Group’s transformation,
the water management for 12 the United States, alongside In Africa, SUEZ and the units for the Medan plant. strengthening profitable
years, with a 15-year water its partners AECOM Ivory Coast's Ministry of In Vietnam, the Group just growth in France, growing the
supply agreement. Alongside Technical Services and C.H. Economic Infrastructure won the sanitation contract business internationally and
local teams, SUEZ will pre- Nickerson, the design and the signed a €19m contract to sup- for Vi Thanh, in the south of everywhere, and expanding
serve the territory's water construction of the drinking ply and install 40 compact the country. This €9.5m con- the savings measures.”

MARKET
Ozwater Stirs Strong Interest in High-Performance Grit

Removal with Low Environmental and Energy Impacts
removes 95 percent of grit as more compact output that is disc roller separator features
small as 105 microns (140 easier to handle and trans- a unique self-cleaning dewa-
mesh). port. The system is more eco- tering and conveying system
“We were very fortunate to nomical, compact and uses with oval plate separation and
have Joe Gill, General less energy and minimal transfer structure that pre-
Manager at Smith & Loveless water compared to alternative vents clogging and permits
NZ Ltd, on hand to join us in systems,” says, Michael automatic continuous opera-
explaining how this fine grit Bambridge. tion that handles oily and
technology has been highly “Food and beverage manu- fibrous material with ease.
successfully globally in help- facturers at Ozwater - includ- The compact rotational
ing to curtail issues such as ing also brewers and agribusi- oval plate structure achieves
blockages, sewage overflows, ness processors - could imme- high transportation and sepa-
and flooding issues.” diately see the advantages of ration efficiencies, while the The Latest PISTA 360 Uses an
“We were able to show how reduced environmental, simplicity of the machine’s Integral Flow Chamber Baffle for
this technology has helped reduced maintenance and overall structure offers low Both the Inlet and Outlet of the
councils in flood-prone areas higher cost efficiency. That maintenance, achieving cost Main Chamber. The Baffle Directs
and in sandy areas. Grit is a was a highlight for us. and OH&S benefits through Inlet Flow into the Chamber in a
Greg Hansen, Broadspectrum perennial problem to all those “The installation on Lord less handling being required Manner that Ensures the Proper
Infrastructure Maintenance (left), councils with WWTPs serving Howe illustrates the efficiency to clear hazardous materials. Vortex Flow and Prevents Short-
with Joe Gill, Smith and Loveless the 80 percent of Australia’s of the best screening technol- Applications, for which the Circuiting.
and Kevin Innes, Broadspectrum population living within 50 km ogy now available as well as separator is designed, include:
Infrastructure Maintenance at of the coast, so the technology the clog-free automatic liquid- • Food processing waste, water-based paint waste-
Ozwater in Brisbane from was warmly received,” said to-solid waste KDS separa- including snackfoods, water, grease trap waste,
May 8-10. Michael, who was accompa- tor.” kitchen and restaurant dyeing wastewater, waste
nied at Ozwater in Brisbane Japanese-manufactured waste, raw wastewater (pri- oil, and plastic recycling.
TWO OF THE big hits for from May 8-10 by CST and Australian-engineered mary screening) and sludge • Seafood processing
exhibitor CST Wastewater Wastewater Solutions’ KDS systems - for which CST • Sewage treatment, includ- CST Wastewater Solutions
Solutions at this year’s Applications Engineer Peter Wastewater Solutions is the ing raw wastewater (pri- services division specializes in
Ozwater international water Bambridge and the company’s exclusive distributor - are mary screening) and sludge the design, construction, and
conference were advanced New Zealand Manager, Pieter being introduced to the Asia- to the landfill provision of wastewater solu-
Smith and Loveless grit Groenewegen. Peter Pacific for compact dewater- • Abattoir, feedlots, and dairy tions for the treatment and recy-
removal technologies and Bambridge is providing the ing applications ranging from farm wastewater and cling of industrial wastewater.
environmentally harmonious engineering expertise behind food processing, food waste, sludge. Cattle manure cake It supplies a complete range of
KDS wastewater treatment one of the first Australasian grease trap and waste oil dryness of 25-35 percent is equipment packages for the
technologies for industrial, applications on pristine Lord through to municipal waste- typically achieved water and wastewater indus-
manufacturing and local Howe Island of an installation water sludge, livestock • Pig farm raw manure and tries. Its equipment is generally
authority applications. incorporating KDS technolo- manure, and agribusiness sludge, with cake dryness of manufactured in Australia and
“We have already got a gy that cuts maintenance, processes. 20-30 percent. Europe to ISO 9001 and EEC
pilot test arranged for a major energy demands, and OH&S The compact KDS multi- • Barrel polishing water, standards of safety and design.
food and beverage company issues.
interested in the KDS technol- The two-stage system -
ogy, while we also had strong suitable for smaller, remote
interest from local authorities and ecologically sensitive
in the high-performance grit community, municipal,
removal technologies, which agribusiness and industrial
are relevant throughout applications - was selected by
Australasia and the Asia- the Island Board of Lord
Pacific,” said CST Wastewater Howe after extensive testing
Solutions Managing Director to determine the best solution
Michael Bambridge. for the management and dis-
This world-proven Smith posal of waste generated on
and Loveless PISTA® 360™ the island.
technology - which CST “It uses a combination of
Wastewater Solutions has coarse and fine screening and
incorporated into highly suc- advanced dry compaction
cessful applications in flood- KDS separator technology to The New Clog-Free Automatic Liquid-to-Solid KDS Waste Separator (Left), and the More Hygienic and Easily
prone and sandy areas - produce a more hygienic and Handled Output Obtained in the Lord Howe Island Application (Right).

MARKET
Toshiba’s Commitment to the Development of Water

Solutions for the Next India
An estimated 76 million peo- UEM is focusing on three state-of-the-art Sequential a comprehensive one and
ple in India have no access to a major verticals in India - Batch Reactor (SBR) tech- comprises a combination of
safe water supply, and the sit- Municipal, Industrial and nology, UEM established a anaerobic, aerobic, ultrafil-
uation is only getting more Operation & Maintenance 14 MLD sewerage treatment tration, and heavy Metal
serious. services. In the municipal seg- plant project in Salori removal system followed by
There are multiple reasons ment, UEM is focused on the Allahabad to produce high RO System.
for increasing water scarcity Water and Wastewater quality treated water and • ZLD Plant for Japanese
in India. For one, it still relies Treatment Segment (WTP/ discharge the treated water Automobile Manufacturer:
majorly on monsoon showers STP/ WWTP) using various into the Ganges. The treat- In this project, we have
to replenish its water supply modern technologies. With ed water conforms to the offered a proprietary sys-
and the ever-growing popula- the increasing industrial standards where tem to the Client, which is
tion is adding to increased development in India, UEM is Biochemical Oxygen called HEROTM High-
water usage. Insufficient also exploring specific proj- Demand (BOD) < 10 mg/L; Efficiency Reverse Osmosis
infrastructure to manage ects in the industrial sector Total Suspended Solids System. The best feature of
municipal waste, causes having experience in handling (TSS) < 10 mg/L; Chemical this technology is that it
sewage to either seep under- all kinds of effluent that gets Oxygen Demand (COD)< operates in such a manner
ground or eventually flow into generated from various types 100 mg/L; Potential of or environment which
the rivers, contaminating both of industries viz. Refineries, Hydrogen (pH): 5.5 to 9. ensures very high recovery
Koichi Matsui, Chairperson and the sources of water, causing Petrochemical, Petroleum, • 2 STPs based on SBR across the RO system and
Managing Director, UEM the increase in water pollution Automobile, Power, Brewery, Technology (5MLD, 7 MLD) consequently the quantity
levels. Also, the booming Distillery, Textiles, & sewerage works funded of RO rejects is reduced
A TRULY BEWILDERING industrial revolution brings in Pharmaceutical, Tannery, by World Bank at Sahibganj substantially. On account of
paradox facing us all today is increased levels of industrial Beverage, Steel, Dairy, Paper, for JUIDCO. the low volume of rejects,
if 70% of earth’s surface is cov- waste. If left untreated or Palm Oil, Hotel, Power, Sugar, • A 60 MLD STP based on the downstream evapora-
ered by water, how can there unregulated, this too ends up Hotel, Hospital, etc. SBR Technology including tor’s size is decreased to a
ever be a scarcity? And yet, in our water supply system main pumping station hav- greater extent and there
the World Economic Forum through river channels. Technologies ing capacity 83 MLD along are impressive savings in
(WEF) continues to rank Toshiba has been Japan’s UEM offers multiple mod- with a new underground the operational costs of the
water crisis among its top leading solution company for ern technologies like ZLD sewerage network of about system.
three global risks since 2012. water supply and sewage facil- (Zero Liquid Discharge) using 55 KM length at Saidpur Toshiba and UEM are com-
Today, 1 in 9 people globally, ities for over 40 years. HEROTM (High-Efficiency Patna, Bihar. mitted to the development
lack access to safe water, and Recognising India as a prom- Reverse Osmosis), Anaerobic and operation of water and
more than two billion people ising country for developing Biological Treatment, SBR Projects in the Industrial environmental infrastructure.
are compelled to drink unsafe water-related business and to (Sequential Batch Reactor), Sector Toshiba and UEM will con-
water. According to a UN bring in its expertise and glob- and MBR (Membrane Bio- • PTA Plant for JBF tribute to the establishment of
report, 40 percent of the al access to India, Toshiba Reactor), etc. Apart from Petrochemicals at sustainable water circulation
world’s people are being acquired a majority stake in these, global design centre Mangalore: PTA waste- systems and the realization of
affected by water scarcity. If UEM in the year 2015. With with in-house engineering water is one of the most advanced environmentally
not addressed, as many as 700 the synergy between Toshiba capabilities in process engi- challenging wastewater to sound communities for the
million could be displaced by and UEM, the group has a neering, civil and structural treat. The system offered is next India and world.
2030 in search of water. World unique opportunity to deliver engineering, mechanical engi-
“
Bank forecasts that water breakthrough technologies neering, instrumentation and
availability in cities could and quality control to solve controls, and electrical engi-
decline by as much as two various water and environ- neering allows UEM to deliv-
thirds by 2050. mental problems. Today UEM er, not just the institutional
Technology can play a pivotal role in solving
Some 80 percent of waste- is completely owned by the knowledge UEM has gained in water pollution problem and replenishing the
water is discharged untreated Toshiba Group with Toshiba designing over 350 projects, water supply. UEM, a Toshiba group
into the environment and acquiring 100% stake in UEM but also suggest the best
water-related disasters on 20th March 2018. With its CAPEX and OPEX ratio solu-
company, provides a complete one-stop
account for 90 percent of the existing offices in the USA, tion, based on client’s require- solution from engineering and design to
1,000 most devastating natu- Trinidad and Tobago, Oman, ments. construction, installation, operation and
ral disasters since 1990. Headquarters in India and a
According to a recent report recently established office in Projects in the Municipal
maintenance of water and wastewater
on wastewater collection and the Philippines and a strength Sector treatment facilities.
treatment in urban India, only of approximately 800 employ- • 14 MLD Sewage Treatment
about 30% of wastewater was ees, UEM is steadily increas- Plant Allahabad for UPJN, Koichi Matsui
being treated to some level. ing its global footprint. where using the proven Chairperson and Managing Director of UEM India.

MARKET
GWE Waste-to-Energy Plant Shows Food and Beverage

Producers How to Turn Process Residuals into a Resource
better manage the factory resource, rather than treating
wastewater on-site for water them as wastes.
reuse and recover energy RAPTOR® technology has
from by-products generated won a global green energy
within both the production award from the Institute of
process and within the waste- Chemical Engineers
water treatment operations (IChemE), which represents
themselves. They are aiming more than 40,000 chemical,
to significantly reduce the biochemical, and process
impact of the processing plant engineers from around 100
on the local community, countries. The IChemE Global
including a major reduction of Awards are known for their
odors and truck traffic cur- celebration of the excellence,
rently present and at the same innovation, and achievement
time making the company in the chemical, process, and
more energy self-sufficient. biochemical industries, mak-
“These sorts of environ- ing this recognition so signifi-
mental benefits could also be cant and gratifying for GWE,
genuinely beneficial to for- the developer of the RAP-
ward-thinking Australian TOR® technology and parent
meat, agribusiness, food and company of GW&E.
Skol Brewery, Rwanda During Execution beverage companies looking Global Water Engineering or
to reduce their environmental GWE is a group of companies
TECHNOLOGIES FEA- cessing waste as well as waste GWE’s award-winning RAP- impact, and generate energy specialized in industrial waste-
TURED AT Australia’s recent from any industrial process- TOR® system. from their wastes and by- water treatment, water recy-
international water confer- ing plant with an organic RAPTOR® stands for products, both liquid and cling, digestion of biomass,
ence and exhibition, Ozwater waste stream, says. Michael RAPid Transformation of solid. The system also has the sludge and slurries, biogas pro-
18, demonstrated how com- Bambridge, Managing Organic Residues and is a pre- ability to accept organic duction and use. Its main
plete organic waste-to-energy Director, CST Wastewater treatment-enhanced form of wastes from other nearby expertise, based on 30 years of
plants can benefit food and Solutions. anaerobic digestion, designed facilities thus augmenting the practical experience, lies in the
beverage processors in “You don’t need to be a big to turn nearly any organic production of green energy biological treatment of medium
Australasia and anywhere in company to benefit from this substance into valuable green and reducing the local com- and high strength organic
the world. technology. Paunch and energy in the form of biogas munity’s disposal issues,” said wastewater by anaerobic and/or
CST Wastewater Solutions manure, for example, are rich that is being used to replace Bambridge. aerobic processes. For anaerobic
showed at Ozwater the Global in biogas and are often just fossil fuels at scores of food The RAPTOR® portion of wastewater treatment, GWE is
Water Engineering technolo- left for composting or land and beverage plants globally, the plant involves an innova- one of the world market leaders
gies involved in a new facility disposal in Australia and New including dairy, brewery and tive twist on traditional anaer- in this field. GWE’s founder and
being introduced by Nicholas Zealand, when that biogas municipal waste-to-energy obic digestion, designed to Chairman/CEO, JEAN
Meats LLC of Pennsylvania in could be a source of ongoing plants. maximize the energy genera- PIERRE OMBREGT, is a pio-
the US, which is one of the lat- profits instead,” says Michael, Nicholas Meats new facili- tion from specific wastes neer of modern anaerobic waste-
est adopters of GWE’s award- whose company represents ties, scheduled to be complet- while utilizing the residuals water treatment, his involve-
winning anaerobic waste-to- GWE technologies in ed this year, are engineered to from production as a ment dating back as far as 1972.
energy technologies. Australasia.
Nicholas Meat’s new facili- GWE’s North American
ties will be designed to recov- affiliate, Global Water &
er both energy and water Energy (GW&E) is providing
from waste streams generated Nicholas Meats with both an
on site and significantly industrial wastewater treat-
reduce the impact of the beef ment facility utilising its cut-
processing plant on the local ting-edge MEMBROXTM aer-
community. obic membrane bioreactor
Such technologies can be technology, as well as a com-
readily applied to local food, plete organic waste-to-energy
beverage and agribusiness facility to manage solid and
waste, including applications concentrated wastes generat-
dealing with the paunch, ed at the factory and waste-
manure and other meat pro- water treatment plant, using GEW Raptor Process Diagram

MARKET
Anglian Water Awards Standpipe Management to Aquam

The agreement began on 1 April 2018 and will initially operate for a three-year period. The
award includes the provision of high-quality branded standpipes and bespoke calm network
keys to companies and organizations authorized to operate within Anglian Water’s network.
clients.”
Anglian Water is the
largest water and wastewater
company in England and
Wales by geographic area.
Aquam will provide hydrant
and standpipe services to over
1,000 companies operating
the utility’s potable water net-
work assets in the north and
east of England.
Aquam, which has its UK
headquarters in Manchester,
currently provides standpipe
and management services to
12 water companies in
England and Wales.
High-Quality Branded Standpipes can be Provided to Companies and Aquam Corp is a global Tim Bowen, Managing Director of Aquam, Says the Company’s Focussed
Organizations Authorized to Operate within Anglian Water’s Network provider of technology solutions Approach to Standpipe Management Benefits Utilities.
for water and energy distribu-
ANGLIAN WATER HAS effects that can cause leaks tion infrastructure. We ensure Ltd became the ultimate parent works. This is around a quarter
awarded the management of and bursts. the health, longevity, safety, and company of the group. It sup- of all those in England and
its third-party standpipes to Malcolm Holmes, reliability of vital resources for plies water and water recycling Wales. It borrows water from
Aquam, a global provider of Restoration Innovation & water & gas utility, municipal, services to more than six million the environment, stores it and
risk mitigation technologies Development Manager at commercial, residential and domestic customers in the east of treats it to world-class stan-
for water and energy trans- Anglian Water comments: industrial markets. Our award- England and Hartlepool. It is dards to supply safe drinking
mission and distribution “We are looking forward to winning proprietary technolo- the largest water and water water to 4.3 million customers in
assets. The agreement began working with Aquam, to train gies address water scarcity recycling company in England towns and villages from
on 1 April 2018 and will initial- existing and new operators, issues by the diagnosis, cleaning, and Wales by geographic area. Grimsby in the north east of our
ly operate for a three-year reduce the risk of illegal and remediation of aging infra- It operates 1,257 water and region to Milton Keynes at its
period. standpipe use and to continue structure. Aquam also provides water recycling treatment south-western tip.
The award includes the to provide an uninterrupted end-to-end service solutions and
“
provision of high-quality water supply to our cus- technologies for the mainte-
branded standpipes and tomers.” nance, life extension and full
bespoke calm network keys to Tim Bowen, Aquam’s rehabilitation of network distri-
companies and organizations Managing Director said, “I’m bution infrastructure, which I am delighted that we have the opportunity
authorized to operate within delighted that we have the include: Nu Flow Technologies, to partner with Anglian Water in this critical
Anglian Water’s network. opportunity to partner with a leader in small-diameter area.Aquam brings a focussed approach to
Aquam will also ensure all Anglian Water in this critical infrastructure rehabilitation
network operators in the area. Aquam brings a technologies; Specialized Pipe standpipe management which greatly
region are aware of regulatory focussed approach to stand- Technologies (SPT), a pipe benefits the many utilities using the service.
requirements and undertake pipe management which assessment & rehabilitation We can help tackle illegal use of the network
the company’s e-learning greatly benefits the many util- services provider; Aquam Pipe
course on the safe operation of ities using the service.” Diagnostics, a global pipeline and water theft, improve hydrant operation
water hydrants. “We can help tackle illegal assessment specialist. Aquam technique and reduce the number of pipe
Aquam’s Calm Network use of the network and water services are available in North bursts and water discoloration events.This
Training is accredited by the theft, improve hydrant opera- America, South America,
Institute of Water and is tion technique and reduce the Europe, Africa, Australasia and means much less disruption to customers
designed to educate operators number of pipe bursts and the Middle East. and communities and a lower risk of
on the safe hydrant use, valves water discoloration events. Anglian Water Group is regulatory penalties for our utility clients.
and pumps are operated. This means much less disrup- owned by a consortium of
Research shows that incor- tion to customers and commu- investors. When AWG was Tim Bowen
rect operation of the network nities and a lower risk of regu- acquired by the AWG investors Managing Director, Aquam
is a major cause of the surge latory penalties for our utility in 2006, Anglian Water Group

TECH UPDATE
Design Water Treatment Systems in an

Even More User-Friendly Process
• New 2.0 version of LewaPlus software available
• Combine per drag and drop different technologies in one design
• Design software from LANXESS helps to improve ecobalance
upgrade their plants. for a quick and accurate design and performance of an
design of the complete desali- IX plant. It helps to simulate
Improve the Ecobalance of nation system. Further, it the influence on performance
Water Treatment allows for dimensioning of IX and quality at different
The intuitive design soft- and RO systems under a vari- parameters like salinity and
ware LewaPlus is a compre- ety of system configurations, ionic composition of the water,
hensive tool for planning and including some unique temperature, organic load,
designing an industrial water process configurations only throughput, and type of resin.
treatment system and allows available with Lewatit® and
the dimensioning of ion Lewabrane® product technol- Reverse Osmosis Processes
exchange- and reverse osmo- ogy. This innovative design & Functionalities
sis systems for a for a wide software is supported in 11 The Reverse Osmosis mod-
variety of unique system con- languages. ule calculates the design and
THE SPECIALTY CHEMI- designs that not only treat the figurations, including several performance of an RO plant
CALS corporation LANXESS purified stream of water, but one-of-a-kind process configu- Ion Exchange Processes & for brackish and seawater
has made further enhance- also the so-called retentate. rations that can only be Functionalities applications. It helps to simu-
ments to its LewaPlus soft- As a result, environmentally- achieved with Lewatit and Various processes that late the influence on perform-
ware for designing water friendly overall concepts can Lewabrane product technolo- cover most of the usual water ance and quality at different
treatment systems. With this be calculated in order to sig- gy. treatment applications are parameters like temperature,
2.0 release, users now have nificantly reduce the volume Numerous modules are included to calculate the salinity and salt passage.
the unique ability to combine of wastewater produced in available for the calculation of
per drag and drop different practice,” Lipnizki adds. every step of the water treat-
technologies in one design. The modules can be added ment process. As a result, Key Features
“Because modules can be to a project via drag and drop users can precisely plan • Not cloud-based which makes the software also available
added to a project via drag - even retrospectively in a important factors such as offline and guarantees data security
and drop, LewaPlus 2.0 is now later stage of the process. This operating costs, power con- • Compatible with Linux and Mac OS X
even more intuitive to use is helpful if the system design- sumption, and water quality. • Portable software version with complete functionality
than existing programs on the er decides to add pretreat- One module can even be used available that doesn’t require any Windows administrative
market,” emphasizes Dr. Jens ment of feed during the design to model a CCRO system rights for installation
Lipnizki, Head of Technical process, for example. (closed circuit reverse osmo- • A single water analysis data entry screen, with RO scaling
Marketing Membranes at Compared to previous ver- sis). This helps to enhance the calculations, suitable for both IX and RO applications
LANXESS. sions, the software can now ecobalance of water treat- • Clear interface, reliable and quick results of the calculation
show all of the selected mod- ment through the use of either • Design flexibility: Parameters can be widely modified and
A Focus on User-Friendli- ules in a combined PDF ZLD (zero liquid discharge) or values outside the recommended borders are highlighted
ness report. A list of links to the MLD (minimal liquid dis- • Comprehensive output of IX and RO system design param-
Now users can seamlessly respective modules, which charge) treatment processes. eters and effluent (permeate) quality in an easy to manip-
simulate complex plant can be individually renamed, ulate printed output
designs including a combina- helps the user to navigate LEWAPLUS® Design • Product scout tool to allow a proper selection of the right
tion of several treatment steps through the PDF quickly and Software for RO And IX resin or membrane type
in a single design process. The easily. The LewaPlus® design • Direct access to technical documentation: Complete set of
water analysis calculated by In addition, the new ver- software is unique in the technical data sheets and material safety datasheets (only
the individual modules is auto- sion also offers a product find- water treatment industry. It is IX) for all Lewatit® and Lewabrane® products as well as
matically taken over as feed to er. It enables LewaPlus users a free, comprehensive soft- technical service bulletins e.g. on membrane fouling, mem-
the subsequent module. to identify which Lewatit and ware design tool for Ion brane cleaning or system troubleshooting
During the design process, the Lewabrane quality products Exchange Resin (IX) and • Regular updates to ensure keeping the software up-to-date
user can change the design of they can use instead of con- Reverse Osmosis (RO) mem- and further improving its functionality with new features
the system via drag and drop. ventional ion exchange resin brane systems. The RO per- • Data exchange to technical LANXESS experts for opti-
“With LewaPlus 2.0, calcu- types and reverse osmosis meate can be seamlessly mization and final check of your calculation.
lations can be made for membrane elements to transferred to the IX module

COVER STORY SEAWATER DESALINATION
THE
SEAWATER
DESALINATION
DREAM COMING
TRUE?
Is desalination finally the answer to water
scarcity in arid regions of our planet? As the
countries are increasingly depending on
seawater desalination to provide drinking
water for the fast-growing coastal
population, how big a role will desalination
play? Express Water aims to explore if the
right application of current and future
desalination technologies at the right place
can make this dream come true or not.

COVER STORY
Desalination: AGame of Energy,

as Much as a Game of Water
By Devesh Bharadwaj
SINCE INCEPTION SEAWA- in Figure 1, there has been a One may ponder, “If the oped Adaptive Desalination Variable Demand
TER desalination has now tremendous improvement in components in SWRO are Technology (ADT) an advanced An important factor of
grown into a reliable infrastruc- SWRO energy efficiency, how- approaching best efficiencies SWRO process technology that desalination economics is water
ture that provides fresh water ever, arguably the energy con- where are the losses?” Well, reduces the energy consump- demand. The desalination
for drinking, municipal and sumption has hit an asymptote approximately 40% of the losses tion in desalination by changing industry currently faces the
industrial purposes to millions for the last decade with the are process-losses. In other the process design to reduce challenge of variable demand
around the world. components approaching peaks words, even if the components SWRO energy consumption by for water at several timescales.
The breakthrough in the use of their efficiency. Energy con- were ideal (100% efficiency) the up to 30%- tackling the stub- Variability is often caused by
of polymer films for separating sumption still is the achilleas energy consumption would be born process design which has- climate conditions (droughts
salt from water in the early heel of desalination, contribut- approximately 1.56 kWh/m3. n’t advanced since the 1960s. and rainy seasons), industrial
1960sled to the commercializa- ing to 40-60% of ownership The remaining 0.40 kWh/m3 is Utilizing more efficient process process requirements, and pub-
tion of membrane-based desali- costs for a desalination plant. the loss in the process design designs, ADT can approach lic water consumption (variable
nation - seawater reverse osmo- Theoretical minimum for itself, i.e. how the components practical specific energies of 1.5 needs from a large group of end
sis (SWRO). SWRO’s ability to SWRO is set by the thermody- are arranged and operated. The kWh/m3, by reducing the irre- users). When designing a
desalinate at lower energy con- namic minimum work required process design of SWRO hasn’t versible process losses. Pani desalination plant for variable
sumption made the technology to separate 50% of fresh water changed since the 1960s, when Energy is currently bringing demand, the plant must be
quickly dominate the industry. from 1 m3 of ocean water, at Sidney Loeb implemented the the technology to the market oversized to accommodate a
With further improvements around 1.05 kWh/m3. Simple first desalination plant in and retrofitting existing desali- high peak water production,
in the formulation, manufactur- calculations can show the effi- Coalinga, California. nation plants. even if the average water
ing procedures, high-efficiency ciency of desalination to be at Pani Energy (where 'Pani' Pani is bringing ADT to demand is relatively low. This
turbo-machinery, and isobaric around 50% at best, without stands as the Hindi language market in India and is set to leads to desalination plants
pressure exchanger, the specific including the energy consump- word for 'Water') is a Canadian truly outperform current being underutilized and capaci-
desalination boundaries. ADT ty being idled. As shown from a
uses novel plant operational study done at the Pacific
methodologies and intelligent Institute in California for a 50
algorithms for process design MLD, reduction in production
and control, allowing Pani directly increases the levelized
Energy to upgrade existing RO costs of fresh water, shown in
plants to ADT. The company is Figure 2.
excited to expand its operations For example, only 60-70% of
internationally this year, help- the cumulative desalination
ing desalination plants world- capacity is utilized in Algeria
wide reduce their energy con- due to seasonal variability.
sumption and operational costs Additionally, many plants
with simple upgrades and quick around the world are built for
project paybacks. water security to meet water
needs during extreme droughts.
Current and Growing Chal- Australia responded to its
lenges with Desalination millennium drought by con-
It is well known that desali- structing six mega-scale desali-
nation is as much a game of nation plants. After subsequent
energy as it is a game of water. rainfall, two of these plants
A holistic challenge with desali- (Sydney and Gold Coast) were
Figure 1 nation is the variability in mothballed, and two (Victoria
demand and electricity prices, and Adelaide) are on standby
energy consumption of SWRO tion required for pre-treatment, technology company spun out i.e. keeping the best-case opera- producing close to their mini-
has reduced from 16 kWh/m3 in post-treatment and other addi- of the research from the tional cost economics true with mum production capacity
1970 to around 2 kWh/m3 in tional energy associated with University of Victoria in variable utilization and electric- because their expensive opera-
2015 (50% recovery). As shown chemical consumption. Canada. Pani Energy has devel- ity prices. tion limits their usefulness as a

SEAWATER DESALINATION
base-load water resource. cle, “...desalination plant opera- winter. Simulated energy sav- adapting but tackling the ener- effort. Even with strong water
tors will need to confront this ings (green) are achieved in the gy consumption problem head- reuse efforts, desalination
Variable Electricity Pricing (variability in electricity pric- spring and summer when pro- on. requirements will continue to
Currently, some plants must ing). It will no longer be possible duction is low by utilizing ADT. grow, and the technology will
deal with variable electricity to ignore the power demand Figure 4 shows a broader Conclusion become an integral part of our
prices as the utility company risk and ask for a pass-through look at the market with a top- India’s current seawater water infrastructure. Global
down analysis of some other desalination capacity is around Water Intelligence predicts that
plants in the USA, Algeria, and 1.4 million m3/day, which con- by 2050 almost 4.8 billion peo-
Spain. The blue area represents sumes around 2.3 TWh of elec- ple will suffer water stress and
utilization and grey represents tricity annually. For comparison most of them will depend on
the potential cost savings with Jamaica’s electricity consump- desalination for their water
an ADT retrofit. Bottom line is tion in 2014 was around 2.8 supply.
that ADT can result in signifi- TWh. India, with a major fossil Policy makers and owners of
cant savings on operational fuel infrastructure, emits desalination plants should
costs and reduce the levelized around 0.85 kg of CO2 per kWh proactively focus on sustainable
cost of water for many plants of electricity generated. Based desal practices that not just
globally. on this high-level analysis, quench our current thirst but
Depending on the water net- India’s seawater desalination solidifies a low-carbon water
work, in some cases an internal industry accounts for 2.38 mil- future.
I founded Pani Energy to do
our part in making cleaner and
efficient desalination technolo-
Figure 2 gies more economical, and I am
certain that the Indian govern-
tries to balance electricity sup- on the energy costs. Plants will ment will reciprocate with
ply and demand. As variable have to be built to take it into favorable regulations to encour-
electricity supply from renew- account - and take advantage of age adoption of cleaner and sus-
able energy becomes more it.” Turning variability in pro- tainable technologies from the
prevalent, this is expected to duction and underutilization end-user. We are excited to
become a more common issue into an opportunity to reduce commercialize our technologies
facing desalination plants. costs. in India and abroad this year:
Electricity costs dominate the Pani Energy has developed helping desalination owners
costs of water and account for and now licenses its novel and operators reduce their
50-60% of the operational costs. Adaptive Desalination energy consumption, opera-
Hence, change in the costs of Technology (ADT) that is tional costs, and carbon emis-
electricity to the desalination designed to solve the growing Figure 3 sions.
plant drastically affects its issue of variable production.
operational costs. For instance, Adaptive Desalination and external water storage sys- lion metric tons of CO2 emis- About the Author
the price of electricity in Israel Technology (ADT) is an intelli- tem can help in tackling the sions annually.
varies seasonally and hourly, gent patent-pending SWRO variable demand and electricity If India follows the global
anywhere from 0.08 USD/kWh plant process that adapts to price issue; however, it leads to predicted growth in desalina-
to 0.28 USD/kWh. To reduce take advantage of the variable idling or underutilizing existing tion at 10-20% without lowering
operational costs at high elec- demand of fresh water and vari- equipment. An intelligent the fossil fuel dependency, the
tricity price, the 480 MLD able price of electricity. It SWRO process that alters the desalination industry will have
desalination plant in Hadera reduces the energy consump- process design in real-time to to focus on low energy con-
reduces its production to 37.5% tion of the RO process using new optimum design and opera- sumption (high-efficiency) tech-
of peak capacity. As mentioned novel plant operational method- tional points with minimum nologies, to help India meet its
earlier (and in Figure 2), reduc- ologies and proprietary algo- change in CAPEX to the cur- carbon emission goals. In fact,
ing the production of a desalina- rithms for process design and rent state of the art RO system reducing desalination’s carbon
tion plant significantly increas- control. is a logical step towards not just and energy footprint is a global
es the price of water, the ADT allows the seawater
increase in electricity price at reverse osmosis process to
that reduced capacity increases intelligently adapt in real-time
the water cost even further. to a more efficient process
Variability in electricity design, which can more effi- Devesh Bharadwaj is the
price for desalination plants is ciently meet the new water CEO of Pani Energy, a University
not just a problem of today, it is demand at the new electricity of Victoria spin-off company, and
a growing problem of the price. has undertaken the core R&D
future. With growing penetra- Figure 3 shows the yearly behind Pani’s technologies for sev-
tion of intermittent renewable water production of Llobregat- eral years. Since founding the
energy technologies like solar Barcelona desalination plant in company in 2017, Devesh has led
and wind, the price of electrici- Spain. In this example, the pro- Pani’s development of Osmotic
ty will vary even more. duction of the desalination Energy Storage (OES) and the
Christopher Gassons (publisher plant (blue) is low in the spring commercialization of Adaptive
at GWI) mentioned in his arti- and summer, and high in the Figure 4 Desalination Technology (ADT).

COVER STORY
We are Creating a NewIDA...A

Reinvigorated,and Forward-Looking
International Desalination Association
Miguel Angel Sanz is the current President of International Desalination Association (IDA).
For our cover story on seawater desalination this month, he candidly discusses the
challenges, objectives, and the role of IDA in global desalination scenario, with Mayur
Sharma.
the International Desalination also recognize that we must we hope that your readers will
Association, I want to thank continue evolving to ensure that join us there.
Express Water for the opportu- we bring the greatest value to Adding to this, the IDA edu-
nity to talk about our organiza- our members - not only for cational programs offer abun-
tion and the critical role that today but for the future. That is dant opportunities for continu-
desalination and advanced why, together, we are creating a ing education and training, and
water treatment play in new IDA, a reinvigorated, for- our Young Leaders Program is
addressing the world’s growing ward-looking association that designed to encourage the next
water scarcity. leverages its collective generation of water leaders and
I am incredibly honored to strengths to serve an industry help their career development
serve as President of IDA for that plays a vital role in secur- with our scholarship, fellow-
the 2017-2019 term. I am also ing the world’s water future. ship, mentorship and internship
very grateful for the confidence To answer your question, I programs.
and trust that have been placed believe that the big change will But that is not enough. We
in me along with IDA’s 1st Vice come in the form of greater are also ramping up our com-
President Rachid Ghamraoui, engagement, relevance, and munication with members,
2nd Vice President Li Youqing, community as they pertain to developing closer ties with our
Secretary General Shannon IDA. These words will shape valued affiliates, operating with
McCarthy and our roster of offi- our future and the value we greater transparency, and forg-
cers that includes highly bring to our members and the ing new connections with
respected members of the industry at large. organizations and institutions
world’s desalination and water The process that guides that are involved in vital
reuse community. IDA’s evolution is rooted in pro- aspects of our industry includ-
My presidency comes at a viding our members with rele- ing finance, advocacy, and poli-
time of change, not only for IDA vant, business-building and cy. This process, which we
but for the world at large. career-building opportunities began in during our 2017 World
Societal and economic shifts, a and programs. Our events, from Congress in São Paulo, Brazil, is
technology landscape that our World Congresses to our vital to growing IDA’s reach,
moves with lightning speed, a international conferences on reputation and prominence
revolution in the way we com- water reuse and recycling, and around the world. We have
municate - all of these factors our specialty technical confer- already made important
have converged so that the envi- ences are known as industry- progress towards achieving
ronment in which IDA operates leading venues where our mem- these goals, and we continue
today is very different from the bers can exchange knowledge, this important work every day.
environment just a few years gain new insights and establish IDA is our members’ associ-
ago. valuable new connections. To ation, and we are working dili-
As a result, while IDA has, that end, IDA is presenting its gently to improve our engage-
over the past four decades, second International ment with them. We welcome
established itself as the leading Conference on Water Reuse and their input on what we can do to
What excites you the most would like to see during your organization for the world’s Recycling: Making Every Drop make IDA more meaningful to
about leading the IDA? What tenure? desalination and advanced Count on June 24-27, 2018 in their business, interests and
is that one big change you Mr. Sanz: First, on behalf of water treatment industry, we beautiful Valencia, Spain and professional growth.

Ultimately, we are focused on and projects around the projects saw a double-digit and maintain are the solutions Authority (DEWA), a globally
expanding the IDA community world today? Can you give increase in capacity for the full that these regions are waiting recognized sustainable, innova-
not only in numbers but also in us some facts and figures? year of 2016, driven by awards for, so I am confident in this tive and world-class utility, it
the breadth and scope of our Mr. Sanz: According to the for industrial users in the latter alignment of targets for the will take place on October 20-24
membership. 2017-2018 IDA Desalination part of the year. For the first desalination growth in the and will be our second World
Yearbook, the cumulative global half of 2017, new utility capacity Southern hemisphere and Asia. Congress to be held in this
You have 35-years of profes- contracted capacity, including was down while industrial extraordinary city where inno-
sional experience in desali- plants that have been contract- capacity increased, due to the Delays on some of the de- vation is a mindset, not just a
nation, drinking water, and ed or are under construction, volume and size of utility salination projects have not word.
wastewater segments. What reached 99.8 million cubic awards in the Gulf during the been good for the desalina- We expect the 2019 IDA
is the future of seawater de- meters per day (m3/d) in 2017, first half of 2016 and the pres- tion industry's reputation. World Congress to attract 2,000
salination according to you? up from 95.6 million cubic ence of several extra-large ref- Can the IDA help push delegates from the public and
Tell us about any ‘one’ cut- meters per day in 2016. The erences for refining and petro- through such projects more private sector – world leaders in
ting-edge technology which cumulative global installed chemical customers in the first quickly in some way? all sectors of the desalination
you believe will set the trend (online) capacity is now 92.5 half of 2017. A closer look at the Mr. Sanz: IDA does not get and water reuse - representing
for the future of desalina- million m3/d, compared with industrial sector reveals many involved in any specific project; as many as 60 countries. It will
tion? 88.6 million m3/d in 2016. The interesting developments in the that’s the role of private or pub- coincide with the 21st Water,
Mr. Sanz: Seawater desali- total number of desalination upstream oil and gas industry
nation has a great future, and it plants worldwide across all cat- including several projects that
is an essential solution to egories stands at 19,372 (2017) may point to the future shape of
ensure a sustainable water sup- versus 18,983 (2016). the market in the offshore oil
ply to hundreds of million peo- Last year, seawater desalina- industry.
ple around the world. But it is tion experienced its largest Regarding technology type,
not the only one. Seawater increase since 2014, driven membrane technologies contin-
Desalination is practiced in 150
desalination must be comple- largely by growth in the utility ue to dominate the desalination countries and IDA estimates that
mented with recycling treated market in the Gulf, which is like- market. For example, in 2017
wastewater and all other meas- ly to retain the largest share of membrane technology account-
well over 300 million people rely on
ures to preserve natural contracted seawater capacity ed for 2.2 million m3/d of annual desalinated water for some or all
resources. for the foreseeable future. contracted capacity while ther-
I think there is not only one However, significant awards for mal processes accounted for their daily needs. Treating and
technology that will be “the seawater desalination plants just 0.1 million m3/d during the recycling desalinated water for
solution” for the future. In my were also made in China, same period.
opinion, it will be the mix of sev- Singapore, and Morocco during reuse further extend its value.
eral technologies and solutions: the past year. In your remarks after being
One of the most exciting devel- We should not forget that declared as IDA President, lic companies. Delays can hap- Energy, Technology and
opments is the coupling of desalination is not just for sea- you had said that IDA needs pen for many reasons, and they Environment Exhibition
renewable energy and desalina- water. Desalination of brackish to adapt to new challenges aren’t only related to desalina- (WETEX), which will be held
tion plants to minimize the water is also growing, with an and help regions like Asia, tion. Any public work is subject under the directives of HH
energy costs. Reducing energy increase of 29% in contracted Africa, and Latin America to to this kind of event. In addition, Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid
consumption has long been a capacity for the first half of apply the best and more in the majority of cases delays Al Maktoum, Vice President
key goal in desalination, and 2017. The typical brackish water sustainable and economical are a combination of problems and Prime Minister of the UAE
while significant advancements desalination plant is for smaller solutions, with new and and circumstances, not only and Ruler of Dubai, and under
have taken place in the past utilities and industrial users. more efficient technologies, one reason. the patronage of HH Sheikh
couple of decades, the promise China accounted for a large por- and especially training the What IDA can do in this Hamdan bin Rashid Al
of renewable energy cannot be tion of the growth in these new generations to take the regard is to help public authori- Maktoum, Deputy Ruler of
overstated. It adds a new plants, especially during the relay in this mission. How do ties, consultants, regulators and Dubai, Minister of Finance and
dimension to sustainability. We second half of 2016. you look at it now? What is private and industrial compa- President of DEWA.
have also a lot of hope in the In terms of geographic the progress on this front? nies to promote the good prac- While planning is still under-
next generation of membranes trends, large-scale projects Mr. Sanz: Asia, Africa, and tices, training people, pushing way, I can tell you that our 2019
under development today. around the Red Sea and Gulf Latin America are the territo- for regulations, giving technical Congress will include many new
Graphene, nano-membranes or account for much of the current ries where desalination will and economic benchmarks, and features in addition to a robust
bio-membranes are words rep- recovery in the desalination have more development in the showing success case studies to Technical Program and
resenting a lot of research market. However, the nature of next decades for some impor- avoid and prevent the circum- Exhibition.
efforts and investments that these projects (most are large- tant reasons: population stances causing these delays.
could give new solutions for the scale) means that this region growth, concentration in large What is the scope of seawa-
market in the next years. And experiences highly variable cities, and limited water What are your personal ex- ter desalination in India, in
the other trend is to produce swings in contracted capacity. resources. pectations from the IDA your opinion?
more treated water from the A steadier source of contracts These areas need sustain- 2019 World Congress on De- Mr. Sanz: India is an impor-
brine; using PRO, RED, nano- can be found in the Asia-Pacific able solutions - which means salination, Dubai? tant desalination market, with
membranes in combination region, where industrial proj- mainly economical solutions. Mr. Sanz: I am confident which IDA has a longstanding
with other sources of water (as ects dominate the reference list. The actual trends are looking that the 2019 IDA World and close relationship through
treated wastewater). At the half-way point in 2017, for less energy and chemical Congress: Crossroads to our Association Affiliate the
these two regions were almost consumption, using renewable Sustainability will be an Indian Desalination Association
What is the state of seawa- equal in contracted capacity. energies, new membranes and extraordinary event. Hosted by (InDA).
ter desalination programs Both utility and industrial plants that are easy to operate the Dubai Electricity & Water It is also a growing market

COVER STORY
Last year, seawater desalination

experienced its largest increase
since 2014, driven largely by
growth in the utility market in the
Gulf, which is likely to retain the
largest share of contracted
seawater capacity for the
foreseeable future.
for seawater desalination with sometimes feel that the big
the contracted capacity of companies get much of the
1,501,206 m3/din 124 facilities association’s attention.
from 1990, according to the What do you see IDA offer-
DesalData database in its 30th ing the smaller companies?
inventory. Gujarat and Tamil Mr. Sanz: I’m not sure
Nadu are the states where where that sentiment comes
desalination is well established from. I want to be clear that all
and also bringing new projects, of IDA’s members - large corpo-
but there are other states on rations or utilities, smaller com- and being part of IDA can be a less feedwater source. Treatment Infrastructure
both coasts, east and west, and panies, individuals, universities, tremendous asset in building Desalination is the reason some Division of SUEZ. Working with
south needing desalination students, libraries, individuals one’s business and career. of the world’s major coastal SUEZ group, he has a stake in
projects. from LDCs - are important to cities have flourished. Even in promoting innovation in the field
From the 352 contracted the association. They are all When - if ever - will desalina- other places where rain is more of membrane desalination, and he
plants from 1990, totaling part of our community, each tion become economically frequent, the desalination has taken part in the design, build
2,339,525 m3/d, 36% were contributing to our industry in and politically competitive plants are like an insurance pol- or operation of more than 40
brackish or recycled waste- different ways and each bring- with other water supply op- icy in case of drought. brackish or seawater desalination
water and 64% were for seawa- ing their unique knowledge, tions for thirsty cities? Desalination is practiced in plants worldwide. He has been a
ter desalination. Membranes resources, and perspectives to Mr. Sanz: The cost of desali- 150 countries and IDA esti- member of the IDA Board of
are the predominant technolo- the whole. nation is already competitive mates that well over 300 million Directors since 2009. He has par-
gy for these plants at over 83%. Representatives of smaller with traditional sources in people rely on desalinated ticipated as a contributor, organ-
In the case of seawater desali- companies, like their counter- many parts of the world thanks water for some or all their daily izer, speaker or chairman in over
nation plants, reverse osmosis parts from big corporations, are to the advances the industry needs. Treating and recycling 25 events organized or supported
was the dominant technology at encouraged to become involved has made in lowering energy desalinated water for reuse fur- by IDA in the last few years. He
74%. with IDA by serving on commit- consumption. As you know, ther extend its value. has published over 50 papers on
Until today, the market was tees, contributing articles to energy costs are the largest IDA has an important role in desalination and water treat-
mainly driven by industry, rep- our publications, participating component of OpEx. Of course, helping to advance water purifi- ment. Moreover, he has con-
resenting the 79%, but the in our educational programs the plants must be built and cation technologies and best tributed to promote and create
municipal market is growing and running for election to our they are not inexpensive. practices, advocating for tech- some desalination and reuse
quickly for the demand of new Board if they meet eligibility However, we have to remember nologies that make desalination organizations such as the Latin
seawater desalination plants. requirements. that any major piece of infra- even more energy efficient and American Desalination and Reuse
For example, Chennai is plan- There are some differences structure has significant CapEx environmentally responsible, Association (ALADyR). He is also
ning its fourth seawater desali- in the benefits for large corpo- associated with design and con- facilitating knowledge sharing, active among IDA’s affiliate
nation plant with a future rations and smaller companies, struction. and helping to educate and organizations, being for eight
capacity of 400,000 m3/day to which have 10 employees or inform both stakeholders with- years a member of the Board of
add to the existing capacity less. Finally, how big of a role can in our industry as well as mem- Directors of the European
(200,000 m3/d from Minjur and Perhaps one of the most seawater desalination play bers of the general public whose Desalination Society (EDS) and
Nemmeli) and the last plant valuable benefits for small com- in addressing global water opinions can be influential in the Spanish Desalination and
actually under evaluation, panies is the connections they problems? How do you see the adoption of desalination to Reuse Association AEDyR, where
Nemmeli II with 150,000 m3/d. make through membership in IDA’s role in it? ensure their water future. he has been Vice President for four
India’s first desalination IDA. Our community brings Mr. Sanz: Seawater desali- years. He is also a member of
plant dates back to 1946, and together stakeholders from all nation can play a huge role in Miguel Angel Sanz has 34 other desalination or water asso-
the country has been conduct- segments of the industry and all addressing global water prob- years of professional experience in ciations: CaribDA, ALADyR,
ing research into desalination parts of the world. We often say lems. Desalination and water desalination as well as in the IWA, and WEF. He had received
technologies for over 50 years. that IDA is the point of connec- reuse provide the world’s only drinking water and wastewater his Industrial Engineer Master
tion for the global desalination new sources of fresh water and fields. Currently, he is the Director degree in 1981 from Bilbao High
The smaller companies and water reuse community, the sea offers us a nearly limit- of Strategic Development for Technical School of Engineers.

The Future of Desalination & Total Water

Management in the Middle East
Desalination technologies are bound to be continuously improved to become even more
competitive; innovative solutions such as RED (Reverse Electro Dialysis) and ceramic
membranes are two considerable highlights in this range, reaching piloting stage already
today.
By Rolf Richard Keil
competitive; innovative solution, manage allocation for Council of the UAE, as well as the forefront of this develop-
tions such as RED (Reverse human and industrial use, col- the individual leadership of the ment and are earmarked to be
Electro Dialysis) and ceramic lection and advanced treatment Emirates and beyond. Taking a the upcoming, real disruptive
membranes are two consider- for dedicated reuse. Together, closer look, we are not far away ‘game changer’ for the water
able highlights in this range, based on successful coopera- from realization today. production industry.
reaching piloting stage already tion track record in single proj- Together, we must develop
today. ects, both public and private Future Opportunities multiple and sustainable servic-
sector are ready to replicate This is the call to the private es to create value for our future
Integrated Water Manage- such successfully integrated sector, to pro-actively partici- generations, whilst incorporat-
ment models and embed them to pate and implement advanced ing the evolving expectations of
Today, less than 10% of their local needs. emerging technologies con- end-users and building on the
water used is being treated to a The first step is for industri- tributing to a sustainable strong partnership with all
level that it can be reused for al water consumers to be allo- upstream and downstream stakeholders.
industrial, agricultural and gov- cated advanced treated TSE realization of efficiencies, Today, not tomorrow, it is
ernmental application, recover- and single source, allowing a Reduction of power consump- our responsibility to act. The
TODAY, WE NEED the water ing 3% of production into a cir- transition period equivalent to tion and conversion of water time is now!
supply capacity of more than cular economy. PPP project timeline to develop production process by-products About the Author
five times that of Earth, if every For many years, Public and sustainably avail the into valuable products such as Rolf Richard Keil is a commer-
human of our planet would con- Private Partnerships (PPP) and required water quality and biogas, industrial salts and cially astute, visionary and cre-
sume the same amount as is BOT models have been adopted quantity for competitive and many more offer such opportu- ative Senior Manager with an
being used by residents and by governments across the controlled industrial develop- nities today. extensive background of more
industries in the Middle East. region, to cope with the ment. SWRO produces a lot of than 20 years in the industrial
Desalination of seawater immense capital expenditure The second step is aquifer solid and liquid, partially toxic, manufacturing, mining, water,
remains to be the most accessi- and operating skills required to storage of seasonal surplus of waste, which is widely dis- power and utility sectors.
ble and sustainable upstream supply reliable water services advanced treated TSE, i.e. charged back into the open sea. Throughout his international
source for potable water pro- to a growing population and lower irrigation requirements This same seawater in the career, Rolf was covering diverse
duction, to feed an integrated economy, diversifying into non- during the winter season, Gulf region, already being chal- continents and regions including
total water management sys- carbon industrialization. reducing expensive SWRO lenging to treat efficiently, is Africa, Asia, Europe, Middle East
tem. The Middle East has been In recent days, the arrival of water to be allocated for such suffering from increasing pollu- and North America, where he is
spearheading a technology renewable and nuclear energy strategic use. tion that is promoting the devel- recognized as a strong and knowl-
transition, driving the potable sources has allowed to decouple These two initiators are to opment of a raw water bio- edgeable leader, who is able to
water production industry into water and power production. come in parallel with the pro- chemistry further adversely train and manage multicultural
the application of new and com- Decoupling is considered the gressive and carefully planned affecting membrane perform- teams to deliver organizational
petitive technologies, such as state of the art for water and decentralization of advanced ance and leading to increases in objectives. Rolf has joined BESIX
reverse osmosis. But we must power production; this seems to treated TSE station to the both, use of chemicals and Concessions & Assets as the
not rest here! be true also for the status quo of vicinity of sewage production replacements. Project Development Manager,
Seawater Reverse Osmosis aspirations for an integrated and industrial reuse customers Water producers are active- focusing on desalination and
(SWRO) is the adopted state of total water management sys- to minimize non-revenue trans- ly looking beyond their tradi- innovative water treatment busi-
the art technology today at an tem, may it be for a city, a state, mission losses. tional set of technologies and nesses, in November 2016, after
average recovery rate of 45%, a country or a cooperative Integration of the total find suitable solutions in neigh- holding senior international man-
supplying to municipalities. region. water management in this way boring industries, such as F&B agement positions with Publicis
Desalination technologies are Now, we have the responsi- needs to come from the top and and O&G related water process MCD, WA Granite, Hawle
bound to be continuously bility to take that action, to con- is in line with the visions systems. Armaturen, CST Industries and
improved to become even more nect the silos of water produc- devised by the Executive Ceramic membranes are on Toray.

COVER STORY
Towards a Sustainable Solution to

Water Crisis
Even though desalination technologies have been
rapidly developed in the last two decades, its
distribution and utilization are still limited in wealthy
and oil-rich countries.
By Dr. Basim Belgasim
earth’s poles, or deep ground- desalination plants is 97 mil- reported that each square
water which is difficult to lion m3 per day in 2015 and it kilometer of land in North
reach. However, saline water is in an upward trend. About Africa, Middle East, and Gulf
represents the most sustain- 40% of this capacity has been regions receive solar energy
able, abundant and easy to established in the Gulf region equivalent to 1.5 million bar-
reach the source of water on where Saudi Arabia is the rels of crude oil per year.
the earth represented in highest producer of the desali- Integration of desalination
oceans, seas and some big nated water. The required technology with renewable
ground aquifers of a high energy to satisfy this huge energy systems does not only
degree of water salinity. amount of water is currently provide a clean and sustain-
Desalination technologies; satisfied by burning the fossil able source of energy but also
the process of converting fuel which greatly contributes presents a source of power
saline water to drinkable to the national budget which is technically feasible
water, have already been used exhaust, global warming, and and reliable to drive the differ-
by various countries to over- deadly pollutions. ent types of desalination sys-
come the deficit in freshwater The integration between tems. The thermal energy
demand. These technologies renewable energy systems required to operate phase
can be classified into two and desalination technology is change systems including
groups: phase change tech- one of the most promising MSF, MED, SD, VC, and HD
niques in which thermal ener- approaches to produce fresh can be satisfied directly from
gy is the driving power, and water in many locations. thermal solar radiation or
membrane technology which Interestingly, most of the geothermal energy without
needs the electric or mechani- thirsty countries have a huge complex energy conversion
cal form of driving energy. potential of renewable technology. On the other
Unfortunately, water desalina- resources especially, solar and hand, electricity can be gener-
tion is an intensive energy wind energy. The German ated by solar PV and wind tur-
consumption technology. Aerospace Research Centre bines systems to operate
THE SHORTAGE OF clean 2025 and will be distributed in Generally speaking, to obtain 1
potable water has become one 48 countries. To illustrate the million m3 per day of desali-
of the most stressful issues in scale of the crisis, only four nated water, 10 million tonnes
the world. And the situation is countries out of nineteen in of oil needs to be burned per
getting worse due to the limit- the Middle East and North year. Based on the fact that
ed resources of freshwater Africa region (MENA) could most of the desalination sys-
and as a result of the contin- be considered above the water tems are currently operated
ued growth of both the world’s poverty line, 1000 by fossil fuels, it can be figured
population and economy. m3/capita/year. out how costly and environ-
Nowadays, around 1.2 billion Although water covers mentally damaging this type
people are already suffering two-thirds of the earth sur- of technology is.
from the shortage of potable face, freshwater represents Even though desalination
water; most of them being only about 3% of all water on technologies have been rapid-
concentrated in arid and iso- the planet. Only 0.25% of this ly developed in the last two
lated areas where electricity freshwater can be directly decades, its distribution and
and oil supply are also limited. used from lakes and rivers, utilization are still limited in
This number of people is while the rest exists as frozen wealthy and oil-rich countries. Figure 1: Combinations of Renewable Energy Resources with
expected to be doubled by water, such as ice at the The total installed capacity of Desalination Technologies (Source: Shatat et al, 2013)

ment to build one of the

largest solar water desalina-
tion plant in the world. The
plant has become alive com-
mercially at the mid of 2017. It
is located in Al Khafji city at The total installed capacity of
the northeast of Saudi Arabia. desalination plants is 97 million m3
The estimated cost of the
plant is USD 130 million with per day in 2015 and it is in an
the total capacity of 60,000 upward trend. About 40% of this
m3 of desalinated water per
day. capacity has been established in
This plant is expected to be the Gulf region where Saudi Arabia
one of the main regular water
suppliers of more than 120 is the highest producer of the
Figure 2: Global Renewable Energy Capacity (Source: REN21, 2018) thousand people who are liv- desalinated water.
ing in the area through the
membrane desalination such able energy falling very fast. year.
as RO and ED. This variety of As an example, LCOE of solar The desalination unit, at Al the implementation of renew- energy and desalination tech-
renewable energy systems energy has been reduced from Khafji plant, was built on able energy in desalination is nology can be the light at the
gives a flexible combination of over 0.37 USD/kWh before 250m × 700m area next to an the big capital cost required end of the tunnel due to its
small or large scale desalina- 2010 to reach 0.1 USD/kWh in already RO membrane desali- by this technology which capability to be a sustainable,
tion units depends on avail- 2017. Less importantly, wind nation technology. The solar reduces its economic competi- non-polluted and also cheap
ability and potential at a spe- energy prices dropped from field was installed over 90- tiveness in the short-term. In source of potable water.
cific location. The different 0.08 to 0.06 USD/kWh. While hectare area and about 1 km addition, the renewable ener- However, a lot of efforts need
combination opportunities comparing with conventional away from the desalination
can be demonstrated in energy sources, renewable unit. The solar system is
Figure 1. energy is still more expensive based on high concentrator
The global deployment of in the short-term but all the polycrystalline solar PV pan-
renewable energy in different forecasting research prove els. It is designed to produce
sectors, electricity, trans- that renewable energy will 15 MW to operate the desali-
portation, industry...etc, has win the race by 2022. Another nation unit and also connect- Currently, water prices from
been increased sharply during evidence of this rapid growth ed to the national grid net- conventional desalination are in
the range of 0.5-1.7 USD/m3 while
the last ten years. The global is the number of investments. work to upload the extra gen-
capacity, as in Figure 2, has In 2017, the global investment eration during the peak or to
jumped from less than 1000 in renewable energy is about substitute any deficit during desalinated water from renewable
Gigawatts before 2008 to USD 250 billion compared the operation.
nearly 2200 Gigawatts in 2017, with conventional power Currently, only 1% of the systems starts from 1.5 to reach up
most of which are solar and resource which only receives global water desalination to 3.5 USD/m3 depending on the
wind. This development has not more than USD 150 billion plants are powered by renew-
been driven by the large in the same year. able energy systems. The capacity, location, and technology
improvements that have been More realistically, it would widespread of this integration used.
done on the efficiency, capa- be better to give some success is still restricted by some chal-
bility and long-term economic stories of this integration. In lenges which need to be over-
competitiveness of these sys- January 2015, Saudi Arabia come. The intermittent gy systems need substantial to be done by engineers, scien-
tems. represented by Advanced nature of renewable energy land preparation and electric tists, investors and decision
From the economic point Water Technology (AWT) resources, especially solar transmission infrastructures makers to break the barriers
of view, the Levelized Cost of company and Abengoa com- and wind, which lead to an which put extra stress on the in front of this emerging tech-
Electricity (LCOE) of renew- pany have signed an agree- unstable power supply, is one first investment required. nology.
of the major challenges. The Currently, water prices from About the Author
expected and unexpected conventional desalination are Dr. Basim Belgasim is the
intermittencies such as night in the range of 0.5-1.7 USD/m3 Director of Solar Thermal
period or weather changes while desalinated water from Systems at the Centre of Solar
reduce the dispatch ability of the renewable systems starts Energy Research and Studies
this technology. This means from 1.5 to reach up to 3.5 (CSERS). He is also a lecturer at
that sometimes the water and USD/m3 depending on the the Mechanical Engineering
power generated will be out of capacity, location, and tech- Department, University of
phase with the peak of the nology used. Benghazi. He works on research
demand. This problem can be It has to be said that an projects related to concentrating
solved by using energy stor- immediate re-evaluation is solar power and solar water
age systems, wither it is ther- necessary for the current desalination technologies. Dr.
mal or electrical, but with approaches already being Belgasim holds a Ph.D. degree
painful economic punish- applied to tackle the water from Northumbria University,
Figure 3: Levelized Cost of Electricity of Solar and Wind Energy Systems ments. crises in the world. The inte- UK in the field of Renewable
(Source: IRENA, 2018) Another challenge faced gration between renewable Energy Engineering.

COVER STORY
I Have Learned from MyExperiences in

SWRO Desalination to Keep Innovating...
Rodney Clemente is the Vice President of Water at Energy Recovery and is currently
responsible for all of the company’s sales, technical service, support, and aftermarket
activities for the global water business unit. For our cover story on seawater desalination, he
shared his views on the desalination market, energy recovery devices and their technology,
apart from ERI’s recent programs, projects, and performance with Mayur Sharma.
(RO). The CAPEX, OPEX and savings, both in energy look at life-cycle cost includ- ings for customers. Internally,
overall footprint of RO is typi- consumption and in the fi- ing availability which will have we also talk about TOTAL
cally cheaper than thermal nal cost of desalinated wa- a huge impact on the life of the savings which are the life
processes. RO has taken ter. In addition to the in- plant. cycle costs to customers.
majority market share due to corporation of renewable A range of energy recovery Considerations for customers
CAPEX and OPEX benefits. energies, what all tech- devices has been implemented must include “all” costs:
Regarding toxic effluents - nologies would contribute over the last several decades upfront investment, product
current trends to minimize to further reduce these from the early Pelton wheel to efficiency, maintenance, and
waste are two-fold: 1) Increase costs? the state-of-the-art Energy repairs. The PX device
membrane recovery and 2) Mr. Clemente: The energy Recovery PX Pressure demonstrates this better than
Zero-liquid discharge. By reduction is priority #1 as the Exchanger. At 98% efficiency, any other technology; while
increasing recovery, you mini- price of power, and thus the the PX Pressure Exchanger upfront cost may be higher
mize waste and by leveraging power consumed is directly reduces the power consump- than its competitors, its life
ZLD-type technologies one related to the cost to desali- tion of desalination plants by cycle costs are far superior.
Rodney Clemente, Vice President - can eliminate this issue alto- nate water. Advancements in as much as 60%.
Water, Energy Recovery Inc. gether. These two solutions Energy Recovery Devices, Many companies, and Tell us about any ‘one’ cut-
are obviously site-specific and novel process improvements, indeed ERI, have historically ting-edge technology
How can desalination best require further analysis. more sophisticated plant focused on nameplate efficien- which you believe will set
mitigate and address the With regards to mem- designs, material science cies of their products to the trend for the future of
high energy, cost, and toxic branes - the step 1 would be to breakthroughs and low ener- reduce energy cost savings for desalination?
effluent from membrane extend the life of the mem- gy pre-treatment technolo- their customers. The reaching Mr. Clemente: The PX
problems? And what is the branes. This can be achieved gies will all play a role in of PX performance ceilings Pressure Exchanger has been
best way to reduce the en- by properly designing your future advancements in ener- has necessitated a shift in the gold standard in energy
vironmental impact of pol- pre-treatment and by observ- gy reductions. You must also strategy to evaluate the effi- recovery devices for the last
luted membranes after ing good industry operations/ look past the initial CAPEX ciency of the overall system 20 years and we don’t antici-
use? maintenance practices to pro- and as an industry we need to that delivers maximum sav- pate technologies to beat that
Mr. Clemente: First is high duce the best quality of water
energy - the advancements in required by the membrane
Energy Recovery Devices manufacturers. By extending
have been one of the most dis- the useful life of the mem-
ruptive achievements in the branes you can thus reduce
past several decades with waste.
respect to minimizing the We should study what can
overall power consumed from be done in pre-treatment of
the RO process. Further inno- feed-water to reduce “pollu-
vation can yield further reduction” in the membranes
tions but the current trends in process. And we should work
energy optimization have with membrane suppliers to
come from novel process and develop or correctly select
material science improve- membranes for the right
ments. application in order to reduce
Then comes the high cost - pollution.
the desalination can be broken
down into 2 primary seg- In the desalination market,
ments: 1) Thermal desalina- the latest studies and ad-
tion, and 2) Reverse Osmosis vances are aimed at cost Carlsbad, USA 190,000 m3/Day (50 MGD)

Recovery Devices for the had 3% growth year over year. technology, ERI would retrofit
SWRO desalination space. We The higher OEM and AM the plant, reduce the power
have an unmatched and shipments should offset tradi- consumed within the facility
unprecedented reference list tionally slow Q1 shipments in and actual savings would be
of large-scale desalination ref- MPD. We continue to generate shared.
erences. With that said, we significant manufacturing
are starting to put in place a efficiencies as well, generating What is the future of sea-
strategy for growth. We will record-breaking margins in water desalination in India,
be looking to grow our core Water for the quarter. in your opinion? Is seawa-
business and will also look to ter desalination a suitable
expand into new markets. We What are some of the ma- technology for Indian con-
have 100% market share in jor orders won by your ditions considering the
2017 of projects > 50,000 company in last two years? huge costs involved?
m3/d. And we have projected Mr. Clemente: We do not Mr. Clemente: Energy
100% market share for 2018 disclose the specifics of orders Recovery’s products help
Barcelona, Spain 200,000 m3/Day (53 MGD), Photo Courtesy: ATLL projects > 50,000m3/d. or clients, but we can tell you reduce the overall cost of
During 2017 - USD 54.3 mn in that we have supplied our desalination making it a feasi-
level of performance. As men- in the field of seawater de- top-line revenue was the high- technology to approximately ble option for India. We cur-
tioned above, we anticipate salination? Could you tell est revenue year for our water 80-85% of all SWRO facilities rently hold 100% market
that the next level of innova- us something about your business. We have over 18,000 > 50,000 m3/d over the past share in the large-scale
tion that will come to the own experience in this devices deployed around the decade. SWRO India market. India
industry will be around sys- field? globe. We are operating on all has been an early adopter of
tem-level design and efficien- Mr. Clemente: I have been 7 continents. We help in USD Could you tell us about our technologies and desalina-
cies; packaging products that in the SWRO desalination 1.8 billion in energy savings some of the most interest- tion is definitely part of their
result in peak performance for business for 20 years. What I annually. ing projects seawater dewater diversification strategy.
the customer. have learned from my experi- salination that you have Our solutions have been
Finding new and creative ences in the field is to keep What were the achieve- participated in? deployed across several large-
ways to design and operate innovating. No two plants are ments of your company in Mr. Clemente: We have scale desalination projects
around the state-of-the-art PX the same, thus you must vary 2017-18? How has the com- been involved in many very that produced well over
Pressure Exchanger your approach to solve prob- pany grown? interesting projects. A few 575,000 m3/d.
Technology is currently being lems. You must not only inno- Mr. Clemente: 2017 was a that come to mind are the With the market really
explored and initial results vate your products and servic- record year for the company. large-scale plants located in testing new commercial mod-
are looking promising. es but you must also innovate We generated USD 63.2 mil- Saudi Arabia. Saudi has his- els like PPPs, especially with
in terms of internal tools and lion in revenue for the fiscal torically been a tough market the recent activity in India, we
Please shed some light on processes. year, which represents the for ERI to penetrate as the feel that we have more tools in
the product and services strongest top-line perform- cost of power is relatively low our arsenal to support the
portfolio of your company What is the state of your ance in company history. making the value proposition Indian market. Our ESA offer-
related to seawater desali- company’s current and up- The Q1 2018 was another for energy recovery devices, ing for example, where cus-
nation. How does your coming seawater desalina- strong quarter for the compa- in general, a bit less attractive. tomers can get our pumping
product & technology tion programs and proj- ny. We as a company generat- We have made significant solution (including PX) for no
compare to other desalina- ects? Can you give us ed record product and total progress over the past decade upfront costs, can mitigate the
tion products & technolo- some facts and figures? gross margin of 70 and 76 per- or so and now enjoy majority initial sticker shock associat-
gies in the market? Mr. Clemente: Currently cent, respectively, on USD 13.8 market share in the newly ed with desalination projects.
Mr. Clemente: Our prod- we continue to be recognized million in revenue. With water constructed/ awarded plants
ucts are ERDS - PX Pressure as the global leader in Energy revenue of USD 11 million, we in the Kingdom. Finally, what are your
Exchanger, AT Turbocharger; growth and expansion
for packaged solutions: How are your seawater de- plans for the next 5 years?
PowerPlay, commercial prod- salination projects fi- Mr. Clemente: We see
uct: ESA, and in pumps: nanced, and structured? strong demand for our prod-
VPXP, Aquabold. Mr. Clemente: As an ucts throughout 2018 and
ERI’s ability to supply a equipment supplier, we cur- beyond, and our margins
very high efficiency packaged rently execute all of our con- remain
solution for the OEM market tracts under the typical capi- robust; we see no signs of
in the form of PX (industry tal sale approach. We work things slowing. We will contin-
leading lowest life-cycle cost with our customers to ensure ue to invest heavily in R&D
ERD), VPXP and AquaBold we execute and perform at the across our BU’s, including
(low maintenance, process highest levels. We have devel- Water, to ensure future
fluid lubricated bearing) may oped a new procurement vehi- growth. We will continue to
be unmatched. To reiterate, cle in the form of an Energy evaluate options to increase
not only are the efficiencies Services Agreement (ESA). our offerings to customers if it
industry leading but the life With our innovative ESA generates sufficient value for
cycle costs, again, leave the offering, we would get paid them. And we will be looking
competition in the dust. with actual “savings”. For to grow our core business and
example, if an existing facility will also look to expand into
How long have you worked Bahrain 3,000 m3/Day Barge Installation is utilizing out-dated legacy new markets.

TECH FOCUS PUMPING TECHNOLOGIES
SAVING ENERGYONLYWORKS IFITIS EASY

The wireless PumpMeter connection now makes it possible to transfer load profile data via
WiFi for implementing optimization measures. This not only enables identification of energy-
saving potential but also the operation of the pumps at their best efficiency point. The effort
required on the user’s part is minimal.
By Bryan Orchard
its PumpMeter (Figure 1). A flashing EFF (energy

This unit, which is basically a efficiency) icon also indicates
digital status indicator, pro- the potential for significant
vides information on the con- energy savings. For detailed
dition of the pump. The unit information, all the user has to
comprises pressure sensors do is refer to the load profile,
as well as an analyzing and which can be read out and dis-
display unit fitted to the played by the KSB Service
pump. Two sensors in the Tool:
pump measure the suction • If a pronounced bar indi-
and discharge pressures cates continuous operation
around the clock. PumpMeter in the optimum operating
uses this data to calculate the range, no adjustments are
differential pressure and required.
determines the current oper- • However, if many operating
ating point, which is updated hours are being recorded in
continuously in real time. part load conditions and the
The measured and calcu- operating point moves
lated values are shown in across a wide range of the
alternation on a user-friendly characteristic curve, use of
display. A typical four-quad- a variable speed system
rant pump characteristic such as KSB PumpDrive is
curve shows the range in a recommended option.
which the pump is operating This system can also be eas-
at a point in time. A flashing ily retrofitted.
outer segment on the left or • If the operating hours are in
right of the PumpMeter dis- the far right (outer right-
play indicates that action is hand bar) of the load profile,
required because the flow rate the pump set has been oper-
Figure 1: PumpMeter Comprises Pressure Sensors and an Analysing and Display Unit. It Records Suction, is either extremely low or too ated near the limits of its
Discharge and Differential Pressures As Well As the Head. high. A flashing third quad- operating range. Pump and
rant in the pump curve indi- motor overload are likely.
HOW DO YOU get people to KSB’s Sales Region Germany - when a pump switches on and cates the optimum operating Here, it would be a good
start thinking about energy Southwest. Enormous energy- off for no reason. If not to save range. The second quadrant idea to learn if the pump is
efficiency as it pertains to saving potential can be energy, they should at least be (from the left) indicates a perhaps inadequately
their processes? Despite all of tapped, however. “For compa- interested in exerting better long-term need for optimiza- dimensioned for its applica-
the coverage in the media, this nies that have not paid any control over this process to tion. This display, which uses tion. Two potential solu-
topic still does not receive attention to energy efficiency, improve the service life of the international symbols, allows tions would be to trim the
enough attention in produc- I would estimate that three- pump.” But, in Flurschütz’s the operator to evaluate the impeller to reduce energy
tion halls. “It’s not even specif- quarters of the pumps they experience, users simply do operating point immediately consumption or to install a
ic to any one sector or indus- use could be optimized. Even not want any high-end solu- upon start-up and adjust the new, larger pump.
try: People are just happy companies that have delved tions and instead tools that pump accordingly. Operators The recommendations for
when the pump is running; the into this topic before can still are easy to use. can see at a glance whether action associated with the
questions of how it is running reduce the energy consumed the availability of their pumps flashing EFF icon can differ
and what can be improved are during pump operation by an Transparent Pump is at risk and whether they are greatly. After all, the pump
in a very distant second additional 25 percent,” sums The first step toward a operating economically. must always be viewed in the
place,” says Heiko Flurschütz, up Flurschütz and provides a basic optimization tool was context of the overall system;
Head of Industry, Water / typical example. “Companies taken by KSB back in 2010 Identifying Optimization it would, however, be conceiv-
Waste Water and Energy in often are not even aware of when the company launched Potential able to install a frequency

at any time,” states project ciency optimization and main-

manager Michael Könen. “The tenance. PumpMeter allows
effort involved is minimal, and you to use the pumps in such a
after just a short period, a way that they run at their best
report can be generated fully efficiency point, which also
automatically at the push of a greatly extends their service
button.” life. At the same time, this
directly translates into lower
The Solution for Pump energy costs.”
Systems
The solution offers yet Outlook
another benefit. Previously, Conditions can change
PumpMeter could only dis- during the service life of a
play the status of a single pump, however, and it often
pump. It is frequently the happens that a pump no
case, however, that several longer runs at its best efficien-
pumps are interconnected cy point. This is where the
(Figure 3), such as when the wireless solution from KSB
flow rates are very high or really shines since it delivers
high availability is required to data around the clock, free of
Figure 2: The GSM Modem Installed is Used to Automatically Read Out the PumpMeter Values and Send Them avoid potential production charge.
to a Corresponding Web Portal. downtime. How exactly these The wireless solution is not
pumps interact could of the last step, however. In
inverter, modify a pipe, install Logical Next Step with the situation that day-to- course not be displayed using future, instead of using wetted
an energy-efficient motor or To date, 40,000 day routines simply do not individual PumpMeters at the sensors in conjunction with
valve, or change the hydraulic PumpMeter units have been leave enough room for further pumps. The wireless version, PumpMeter, it will be possible
system. “PumpMeter pro- delivered. “We wanted to take action. Although PumpMeter however, makes it possible to to pick up vibrations at the
vides important information things one step further, how- has a plain text display, the configure such multiple pump pump and transfer this oper-
that we can leverage,” says ever,” explains Dr. Jochen data must be processed fur- systems and assign a time ating data to the cloud as well.
Flurschütz. “This always pays Mades, Head of Application & ther in order to actually stamp to the operating times This neatly circumvents the
off. Especially against the Basic Research at KSB. As implement any measures. of the pumps so that the pump problem of taking measure-
background that there are part of the numerous Industry This means that you have to units can be analyzed and ments using wetted sensors,
fewer and fewer options for 4.0 initiatives in the chemical physically walk to the pump viewed together on the web which is not always easy when
optimizing production sys- industry, a chemical company with a notebook, read out the portal. This means that multi- chemical products are
tems. initially inquired as to data there, and then send it to ple pump systems can be involved. Vibration sensor and
The costs of procuring the whether data could also be us.” KSB has therefore devel- checked with respect to their PumpMeter measurements
base materials, disposal and transferred to the cloud and oped a wireless PumpMeter overall energy efficiency. are currently being taken in
logistics are mostly stable; analyzed there. Far too many connection in the form of a Examples include cooling parallel at selected pilot
when it comes to energy costs, times the data is not read out GSM modem (Figure 2) that is water supply systems for plants to verify the data val-
however, there is real savings or the flashing EFF icon is used to automatically read out metal-cutting machining ues.
potential that can be tapped ignored, which Dr. Mades and transfer data values. This processes at automotive sup-
and is just waiting to be dis- understands quite well: includes a corresponding web pliers, large paint shops, cool-
covered.” “Everyone is now familiar portal that the user can access ing lubricant supply systems,
cooling systems for data-cen-
ters and pressure booster sys-
tems in high-rise buildings.
A PumpMeter with a
modem has been used at the
Nufringen pumping station of
the Bodensee-
Wasserversorgung (Lake
Constance Water Supply
Association) since late 2017,
for example. “The main bene-
fit for us is that we have deter-
mined that the pumps in ques-
tion operate in the overload
range very frequently,”
explains Markus Wellinger,
who works in the electrical About the Author
and mechanical engineering Bryan Orchard is an inter-
department at the Bodensee- national freelance journalist
Wasserversorgung in who specializes in water and
Stuttgart. Now, the pumps environmental engineering.
Figure 3: When the Flow Rates are Very High or a High Level of Availability is Required, Several Pumps are will all be optimized. “The All Photos Courtesy of KSB
Often Interconnected to Avoid Potential Production Downtime. focus here is on energy effi- SE & Co. KGaA.

THREE DECADES IN GEORGIA- SCREW

PUMPS SHOWTHEIR STRENGTH
With almost 30 years and counting of uninterrupted service for its 60” and 72” screw pumps,
operators at the City of Calhoun’s Wastewater Treatment Plant have firmly underlined the
benefits of basic preventative maintenance.
By Lakeside Equipment Corporation
then, as John Banks, City of tor the grease levels on the screw pumps. trical controls.
Calhoun Wastewater Plant bottom bearing. All very sim- John Banks continued: John Banks concluded:
Manager explains, this was ple - and with Lakeside’s stain- “Our program of rotating the “We’ve taken care of our
more to do with budgetary less steel tubing, we don’t have use of the screw pumps, com- screw pump installations, but
and long-term planning to worry about corrosion. bined with basic oil checks Lakeside is always there to
requirements. These routine checks have and free-flowing grease has help with start-up, and service
“The pumps were only just seen our screw pumps work given us a winning hand of if required. They’re a compa-
beginning to wear out, but very reliably for 25-years-plus, flexibility and very long last- ny that very much stands by
they were certainly not on which shows what a good ing equipment. This preventa- its equipment, and like us,
their last legs,” he said, “far investment they are”. tive maintenance program thinks about the long term.
from it. The original 60” Normally, two of the also means that we don’t have We’ve also had good support
Lakeside Screw Pumps far Lakeside screw pumps at the the pressure of having to get a from Lakeside’s representa-
exceeded their life expectan- influent of Calhoun’s WWT screw pump back into service tive Templeton & Associates,
cy”. Plant lift the raw sewage up quickly if and when we are based in Suwanee, Georgia.
The average flow at out of the collection system looking for additional pump- “We see good grease com-
Calhoun (one hour north of into the plant. Pre-screening ing capacity”. ing out during our checks,
Atlanta), is around 5MGD (14- is not required because large The older portion of the which means we have good
16 MGD during rain events), objects pass between the Calhoun system covers over grease in there for these very
serving the city of Calhoun, 136 miles of interceptor and robust screw pumps. This
Lakeside’s Open Screw Design Georgia (home to some of the trunk lines through the City. It plays a big part in the continu-
Utilizes a Torque Tube and Spiral world’s top floor covering was upgraded in 2004 to meet ing smooth-operation of our
Flights manufacturers). The treat- new standards. plant”.
ment plant is a tough, corro- Then, as now, the purchase Lakeside Equipment
IN 1988, CALHOUN’S sive environment for the orig- of screw pumps was put out to Corporation is an engineering
WWTP (permitted for 16 inal Open Screw Pumps (all bid, with an eye on securing and manufacturing company
MGD) first invested in two of Lakeside), that via three dif- the best in long-term perform- concentrating on helping to
Lakeside Equipment ferent configurations, run ance and value. Lakeside improve the quality of our water
Corporation’s 60”, 75 Hp open rotationally 24/7 to equal out- offers both greased and sealed resources.
screw pumps (capacity = wear. Consisting of a spiral lower bearings on their open
7,000 GPM), and two 72”, 50 screw, upper and lower bear- screw pumps. The dual upper
Hp screw pumps (capacity = ings and a drive arrangement, bearing of each style pump
10,500 GPM). Original con- the open screw design uses a Calhoun’s Treatment Plant includes both radial and
crete construction involved an torque tube with spiral flights Benefits from Long-Lasting Open thrust components, serving
empty space provided for a set in an open, inclined con- Screw Pumps both forces that act upon it,
third pump for each capacity, crete trough. The screw which helps prolong the life-
which was filled in 2012 by a pump’s basic design has been screw flights and through the time of the screw pump. The
new 60”, 75 HP Lakeside used for millennia to promote screw pump. pump also benefits from a V-
screw pump with a lift of 20.46 both simplicity and reliability. Additional screw pumps belt drive that connects the
ft at a 38? incline. John Banks (who has are ready in the event of the motor to the speed reducer.
A year later in 2013, one of worked at the facility for 12 sewer system becoming This acts as a shock absorber
the original 60” Lakeside years) added: “The beauty of supercharged due to a large to protect from possible shock
pumps was finally replaced the Lakeside screw pumps is rain event. After lifting, the loads, as well as provide for
(followed a year later by that there is actually very lit- wastewater is taken through easy speed changes in the
another of the same diameter tle maintenance. Once per screening and grit removal field. The constant speed
to replace the last, original week, we check oil levels and processes before being lifted drives eliminate the need for A V-Belt Drive Protects Against
60” screw pump) - but even our operators will also moni- again by the second set of complex, variable speed elec- Possible Shock Loads.

TECH FOCUS
CUTTER CLEARS CLOGS

While dredging ponds for Sydney Water, the company were faced with pump chokes caused
by accumulated rags.
By Aussie Pumps
unique cutters will do. You’ll “We have created a bit of a

never believe it until you see buzz within Sydney Water
it,” said Bennett. “The demo with how well the new system
even shows the pump swal- is dealing with the rags onsite.
lowing nylon rope,” he said. They have a lot of the ponds to
Like all Tsurumi sub- dredge at one time or another,
mersible pumps, the C Series that are heavily ragged up and
includes the features that we now have a solution to deal
extend the life and enhance with it,” said Cameron
the reliability of the pump. Lorimer from Dredging
Significant design details Solutions. “The cutter pump
make a big difference. They coupled with our dredge sys-
include an anti-wicking cable tem will allow the cleaning of
entry that prevents water the ponds while they remain
from entering the motor if the online. This is critical to the
power lead is damaged or the ongoing operation of the
end of the cable is accidentally plant,” he said.
submerged. Australian Pump Industries,
A double silicon carbide commonly known as Aussie
seal is standard on all models. Pumps, specializes in high-per-
Both seal surfaces are sub- formance, self-priming centrifu-
merged in an oil chamber, gal transfer pumps for a wide
Tsurumi C Series Cutter Pump Solves the Ragging Issue When Cleaning Sewage Pits for Dredging Solutions away from the pumped liquid. range of applications including
This ensures lubrication and firefighting as well as water and
KEEPING SETTLING chop waste material, includ- bore to 100 mm. The largest protects ingress of foreign chemical transfer. Aussie Pumps
PONDS in optimum condition ing rags, thus allowing free pump in the range has an materials. also manufactures and imports
without taking the sewage passage through the pump enormous capacity of 2,750 The oil bath features a high-pressure cleaning equip-
plant offline represents real without clogging. liters per minute, and a max patented ‘Oil Lifter’ that ment including cold water
cost savings. Dredging “Tsurumi’s breakthrough head of 26 meters. increases mech seal longevity. blasters, steam machines and
Solutions from Sydney NSW cutter impeller chops through “There is a terrific video on The lifter ensures both the drain cleaning jetters for trades-
are now able to offer this sewage, rawhide, plastic, rags YouTube that shows the upper and lower seals are lubri- men and cleaning professionals
option due to an innovative and other materials in sec- pumps’ cutting ability. It’s cated and cooled, even if the oil under the Aussie Eco-Clean
application of a Tsurumi sub- onds,” said Aussie Pumps amazing to watch what these level in the chamber is low. brand.
mersible cutter pump. Product Manager Neil
While dredging ponds for Bennett. “We’ve seen various
Sydney Water, the company unmentionables handled by
were faced with pump chokes these extraordinary pumps so
caused by accumulated rags. they were an obvious choice
Normal submersible pumps for Dredging Solutions rag-
cannot cope when oversized, ging issue,” he said.
fibrous materials get flushed The C Series incorporates
into the system. Dredging a large open channel impeller
Solutions turned to Aussie with a cutter mechanism. A
Pumps for a suitable cutter sintered tungsten carbide
pump to solve the ragging alloy tip is brazed on the
problem. impeller vane. As the impeller
Tsurumi, the world’s rotates the vane slices against
leader in submersible pump the serrated edge of the suc-
development, has produced a tion cover, chopping fibrous
range of cutter pumps, called matter into small fragments
the C Series, designed to han- that won’t clog.
dle such contaminated waste. The 3 phase, heavy duty
The C series cutter pumps pumps range from 50 mm Dredging Solutions Pontoon in Action, Clearing Ponds Without the Need to Take the Sewage Plant Offline.

MUNICIPAL WATER PUBLIC HEALTH
LEAD IN DRINKING WATER: PAST,

PRESENT,AND FUTURE
Recent events involving lead in drinking water have eroded the public’s trust in drinking water
supplies in some communities. Restoring this trust requires water utilities to improve their
understanding of the complex nature of lead in drinking water.
By Caroline Russell, Philip Brandhuber, and Darren Lytle
1996 further limited the use of

lead in plumbing components
by expanding the provisions of
the 1986 amendments to
potable water fittings and fix-
tures, allowing only leadfree
pipes, fittings, and fixtures. In
2011, Congress passed the
Reduction of Lead in Drinking
Water Act (RLDWA), reduc-
ing the maximum allowable
lead content in pipes to = 0.25
percent lead in wetted surface
material.
Collectively, the 1986 and
1996 SDWA amendments and
the RLDWA have dramatical-
ly reduced the amount of lead
in plumbing materials
installed in new homes.
However, many older homes
still have lead service lines,
solder, fittings, and fixtures
that were installed before the
leadlimiting regulations were
Greater Cincinnati Water Works is One of Many Water Utilities Removing Lead Service Lines. enacted.
Today, an estimated 6.1 mil-
LEAD HAS BEEN used as a pipe scales, particularly those Inorganics/ Inorganic 1986, the US Environmental lion to 10.2 million legacy LSLs
plumbing material for cen- in galvanized pipe, so lead can Contaminants Research com- Protection Agency (USEPA) are in place across the United
turies because of its strong, occur at customer taps even mittees will address these amended the Safe Drinking States. Homes without LSLs,
yet malleable, properties. The when no LSLs are present. perspectives. Case studies Water Act (SDWA) to prohibit but which contain fixtures or
word plumbing is actually Learning from the fable of also will be presented to illus- the use of pipes containing solder with low lead levels,
derived from the Latin word the blind people and the ele- trate proven methods to more than 8 percent lead. The can also be susceptible to lead
for lead, plumbum. When phant—each person touches a address lead. This article pro- agency’s Drinking Water release, depending on water
present, lead service lines different part of the animal, vides background on the use Additives Advisory Program corrosivity.
(LSLs), connecting water but none sees the whole-water of lead in plumbing materials, arose from the 1986 amend-
mains beneath streets to resi- utilities need to develop pro- past and current regulations, ments, leading to the develop- Lead and Copper Rule
dences or businesses, are the grams that “see” all aspects of and potential future regula- ment of voluntary standards, The SDWA amendments
most significant source of lead lead. This involves looking at tions. such as NSF/ANSI 61, and the RLDWA focus on
in drinking water. lead from several perspectives, Drinking Water System reducing lead use in plumbing.
Lead also has been used as including regulations, water Regulating Lead in Drink- Components-Health Effects. USEPA’s 1991 Lead and
a component in solder, flux, quality, operations, infrastruc- ing Water The agency stated in a 1997 Copper Rule (LCR) and its
galvanized pipe coatings, and ture, and communications. US lead pipe installations Federal Register notice that subsequent revisions center
plumbing fixtures and fittings. This is the first in a series decreased significantly after the NSF/ANSI 61 standards on preventing public exposure
Furthermore, it can accumu- of Opflow articles in which World War II for economic met the program’s intent. to legacy lead in a distribution
late in downstream interior members of AWWA’s and public health reasons. In SDWA amendments in system, primarily by reducing

Regulatory Impact
According to USEPA, the
number of the nation’s large
water systems with AL
exceedances has been
reduced by more than 90 per-
cent since the LCR’s imple-
mentation. However, several
significant concerns remain
regarding whether existing
regulations are adequately
protecting public water sys-
tem customers from lead
exposure:
• The lead AL isn’t health-
based; rather, it accounts
for treatment abilities and
costs based on the 1991 eval-
uation, along with sampling
protocols.
• Exceeding the AL isn’t a
violation under the LCR.
• Sampling relies on assur-
ances that any water in the
house isn’t used during
stagnation and it’s taken
from a site properly verified
as to tier ranking as well as
from the intended and
approved tap.
• The LCR doesn’t address
the release of elevated par-
ticulate lead episodes asso-
ciated with various physical
and chemical disturbances
or episodes of fluctuating
Figure 1: Lead Sources in Utility- and Customer-Owned Service Lines and Internal Plumbing. This Figure Shows Typical Jurisdiction, but the Utility water quality outside the
May Own All or None of the Service Line. (Source: Adapted from Customer Service Drives Quest for a Lead-Safe City, Opflow, September 2016, specific monitoring period.
http://dx.doi.org/10.5991/PF.2016.42.0052) • If initial planning for corro-
sion control and ongoing
water corrosivity through cor- USEPA’s assessment of lead size. Lead and copper sam- include adjusting pH or alka- operation isn’t adequate,
rosion control treatment levels at the tap with a first pling is conducted every six linity to reduce water corro- the AL is at best a mecha-
(CCT). draw sample that should be months unless a system quali- sivity prior to distribution, or nism to detect a problem
The LCR established a achievable with optimized fies for reduced monitoring. adding a phosphate- or sili- after it occurs. Moreover,
maximum contaminant level corrosion control; higher con- In addition, water quality catebased corrosion inhibitor. for systems on reduced
goal (MCLG) of zero for lead centrations are used to signal parameters (WQPs) are col- Water systems are required to monitoring, the reduction in
based on adverse effects on CCT needs to be revisited. lected to assess water corro- revisit their OCCT if the lead sampling frequency and
the nervous, cardiovascular, The copper AL is health- sivity and serve as process or copper ALs are exceeded in locations could delay detec-
and reproductive systems as based. control measurements. WQPs more than 10 percent of cus- tion of an issue. In the case
well as normal growth and Table 1 summarizes some may include pH, temperature, tomer taps sampled. If a of Flint, Mich., the compli-
development. MCLGs estab- of the key LCR components. alkalinity, calcium, conductivi- water system continues to fail ance monitoring program
lish the concentration at (and The rule applies to all commu- ty, orthophosphate (if a phos- to meet the lead AL after trailed other indicators that
below) which no known health nity water systems (CWSs) phate-based corrosion installing and optimizing CCT, corrosion control wasn’t
effects are observed. The and all nontransient, non- inhibitor is used), and silica (if it must begin replacing lead working, and there was rea-
MCLG of zero reflects the fact community water systems a silicate-based inhibitor is service lines within its juris- son to be concerned about
no safe lead level exists, par- (NTNCWSs). The LCR used). Compliance with the diction. Short-term revisions lead release. Reducing lead
ticularly for children. requires water systems to col- treatment technique is based to the LCR promulgated in exposure through LSL
Compliance requirements lect first-draw samples at taps on achieving the required 2007 require water systems to replacement is challenging.
under the LCR are based on a in homes and buildings select- WQPs rather than achieving provide advanced notification Research has shown full
treatment technique (TT) reg- ed on a tiered system that pri- 90th percentile lead and cop- to their primacy agency of LSL replacement is needed
ulation, which establishes oritizes sampling locations per levels below the AL. intended changes in source to reliably reduce exposure
actions that must be taken if based on a site’s likelihood to The LCR requires all sys- water or treatment that could to lead. Because water sys-
lead or copper concentrations release elevated lead or cop- tems serving more than increase lead corrosion and to tems typically don’t own the
exceed their respective 0.015 per levels (e.g., properties 50,000 people to install opti- gain the agency’s approval portion of the LSL past the
mg/L or 1.3 mg/L action levels with LSLs). The number of mal corrosion control treat- before implementing those property boundary (Figure
(ALs). The lead AL is based on samples is based on system ment (OCCT), which could changes. 1), coordination with home-

Rule Component Requirements
Lead and Copper • CWSs and NTNCWSs must collect first-draw samples at taps in homes and buildings at high risk of lead/copper contamination as identi-
Monitoring fied in 40 CFR 141.86(a).
• Number of samples is based on system size.
• Systems must conduct monitoring every 6 months unless they qualify for reduced monitoring.
Water Quality • All systems serving > 50,000 are required to monitor at taps every 6 months (unless a system is on reduced monitoring).
Parameter (WQP) • Systems serving = 50,000 are required to monitor if an AL is exceeded.
Monitoring • WQPs are monitored at entry points to the distribution system every 6 months until CCT is implemented and thereafter every 2 weeks.
Action Level • The LCR mandates a 0.015 mg/L AL for lead and a 1.3 mg/L AL for copper.
• Exceedance is based on > 10% of samples showing lead or copper concentrations above their respective ALs.
Treatment Technique • All large water systems (i.e., serving > 50,000 people) are required to implement CCT.
Requirements • Water systems serving < 50,000 are required to implement CCT if lead concentrations exceed the action level.
• CCT is re-evaluated and optimized in response to AL exceedance.
• Lead service line must be replaced if AL is exceeded after implementing optimized CCT.
Public Notification • Within 30 days of receiving sample results, all systems must provide individual lead tap results to people who receive water from sites that
were sampled, regardless of whether the results exceed the lead AL.
• Education materials must be provided after a lead AL exceedance.
• Lead and copper results must be included in Consumer Confidence Reports (CCRs).
• All CCRs must include information on lead in drinking water.
Table 1: Key LCR Components. The LCR Centers on Preventing Public Exposure to Legacy Lead in a Distribution System Primarily by Reducing Water Corrosivity through CCT. (Source:
Lead and Copper Rule: A Quick Reference Guide, USEPA, 2006, https//nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyPDF.cgi?Dockey=60001N8P.txt)
owners, including home- first 16 liters of water drawn will be associated with cussions regarding potential regarding potential LCR revi-
owner willingness and abili- from taps in single and mul- homes that have newer copper revisions as well as a sions. The LCRWG’s recom-
ty to pay for their portion of tifamily homes, collected in plumbing instead of the 2004 national review of the mendations included sugges-
LSL replacement, affects one-liter increments, often older structures tar- LCR in the wake of elevated tions regarding LSL replace-
whether a full replacement showed higher levels of lead geted for compliance moni- lead levels in Washington, D.C. ment, improved CCT, develop-
can be achieved. in samples correlated with toring under the LCR. In 2014, the National Drinking ment of a healthbased level for
• The current LCR sampling longer travel times from the Water Advisory Council lead, sampling protocols, and
protocol often doesn’t cap- LSLs to the tap than are USEPA Revisions to the (NDWAC), which is a federal differentiating requirements
ture the highest lead con- captured via first flush sam- Long-Term LCR advisory committee created to control copper. USEPA is
centrations present when ples. USEPA is planning to through an SDWA provision, considering recommenda-
there’s an LSL. For exam- • Lead and copper samples revise the Lead and Copper formed a Lead and Copper tions from the NDWAC
ple, a study that profiled are collected from the same Rule, reflecting a years-long Rule Working Group LCRWG as well as other
lead concentrations in the sites. Higher copper levels effort, dating back to 1996 dis- (LCRWG) to advise USEPA stakeholders, an internal
USEPA workgroup, and best
available science as it pre-
pares a proposed rule, which
is scheduled for publication in
2018 (Figure 2).
In a 2016 white paper on
LCR revisions, USEPA high-
lighted that LCR revisions will
include “technology-driven
and health-based elements
that focus on proactive, pre-
ventative actions to avoid high
lead levels and health risks.”
Based on information in the
white paper, the LCR’s TT-
based aspects will be retained
where lead-exposure preven-
tion hinges on CCT, monitor-
ing for realized lead levels,
and public education to mini-
mize lead exposure. It’s also
likely that LSL replacement
will play a more prominent
Figure 2: Regulations Impacting Lead and Copper Sources and Concentrations in Drinking Water (Regulations and Actions to Reduce Lead Exposure role in the rule framework. As
in Drinking Water Have a Long History, Helping Water Utilities Significantly Reduce Lead Exposure in Drinking Water). Table 2 illustrates, USEPA is

considering options to level in children from 15 can take actions to prepare for Texas; Philip Brandhuber is zine presents new and estab-
enhance those key elements micrograms per deciliter in potential rule revisions and to with HDR Engineering, Denver; lished technologies and ideas
as well as potentially bolster- 1976–1980 to 1 microgram per proactively reduce lead expo- and Darren Lytle is with the that readers can apply to water
ing them with additional com- deciliter based on recent data. sure, including identifying US Environmental Protection treatment and distribution as
ponents such as a health- However, recent events in LSLs, reviewing and optimiz- Agency, Office of Research and well as wastewater operations.
based benchmark. Flint and elsewhere show that ing CCT, strengthening public Development, Cincinnati. Opflow is a benefit for members
legacy lead in plumbing mate- education programs, and Source: This article original- of AWWAIndia and a valued
Moving Forward rial remains a significant con- developing strategies to fully ly appeared in the January 2018 resource for water professionals
According to USEPA, reg- cern in communities across remove LSLs in the communi- issue of Opflow, the water indus- around the world. To join
ulations and actions to reduce the United States. USEPA is ties they serve. try’s most popular resource on AWWAIndia, visit
lead exposure in drinking considering LCR revisions to operations issues published by awwaindia.org. To view the
water, as well as from other further reduce public expo- About the Authors the American Water Works original article, see
consumer products, has low- sure to lead in drinking water. Caroline Russell is with Association (AWWA). The https://doi.org/10.5991/OPF.201
ered the median blood lead In the interim, water systems Carollo Engineers, Austin, award-winning monthly maga- 8.44.0001.
LCR Elements for Potential Considerations

Revision
LSL Replacement • Need to update utility distribution system LSL inventory.

• Pace of the LSL replacement program.
• Management of short-term increases in lead levels caused by LSLR.
• Possible prohibition of partial LSLR.
• Funding mechanisms and environmental justice considerations tied to the customer’s ability to pay.
Improved Optimized CCT • Requiring large systems to re-evaluate their systems using any new CCT requirements proposed by the rule.
• Requiring all systems to implement CCT.
• Requiring systems with CCT programs that exceed the lead AL to automatically be required to review and re-optimize CCT, if
justified by the review.
Health-Based Benchmark • Could be based on impacts to life-stage development for children under 6 years of age.
• Benchmark could trigger action at the household level.
Role of Point of Use Filters • Based on success in using POU filters to control tap lead levels in Flint, Mich.
• Filters could be installed in response to:
- Disturbances to LSLs.
- Exceedances to a health-based benchmark.
Strengthened Sampling • Continuing the current practice of “first draw” sampling or alternatively requiring sequential or random daytime household
Requirements sampling.
• Requiring mandatory sampling programs for schools.
• Examining the feasibility of real-time distribution system monitoring of parameters measuring the effectiveness of CCT.
Increased Transparency and • Requiring utilities to post all LCR sampling results.
Information Sharing • Shortening time frames for utilities to provide sampling results to consumers.
• Quickening public notification by utilities and primacy agencies of high lead levels.
• Publicly identifying locations of LSLs.
• Publicly providing information about the design and results of lead sampling programs.
Public Education Requirements • Providing customers with information on how to reduce lead exposure.
• Providing new customers with information on lead risks.
• Performing expanded outreach to vulnerable populations.
• For systems with LSLs:
- Targeted outreach including invitations to customers to have water tested and participate in LSL replacement regardless of
lead levels.
- Notification to customers of emergency or planned maintenance that could disrupt LSLs.
- Providing standard procedures to other utilities to follow when they may disturb LSLs while maintaining their services.
Revised Copper Requirements • Changing LCR monitoring site selection criteria to include sites of greatest risk for copper leaching.
• Establishing criteria for classifying systems with water that is aggressive to copper and systems with water that is not.
• Requiring copper CCT in systems classified as having aggressive water, with periodic testing of systems that are not.
Relationship With Broader Lead • USEPA states that it will “continue to work with federal, state and local partners to reduce lead risks in all contaminated media.”
Issues
Table 2: USEPA Elements for Potential LCR Revision. USEPA is Considering Options to Enhance Key LCR Elements As Well As Bolstering Them with Potential Additional Components.

OUT OF THE BOX
All That Does Not Glitter is Also Gold -

Sewage is an Asset,Not a Liability
To enhance sustainability, Zero Sewage Discharge STPs must be initiated and encouraged in
India at the moment. Resource recovery from the treatment process is at the heart of this
concept. The treated wastewater has a lot of potential to be recycled and reused.
By VA Tech WABAG Limited
savings in operating expenditure (50-

60%) can be achieved & a payback peri-
od of 3-4 years can be expected.
This is lucrative considering sewage
treatment projects under the Namami
Gange program are slated to have a 15
year operations period.
Second, the fully digested sludge is
ideal for reuse and can be utilized as a
valuable fertilizer for agriculture.
Thus, the entire sewage is com-
pletely reprocessed, resulting in no dis-
charge while simultaneously yielding
multiple benefits (hence the name Zero
Sewage Discharge STP).
By opting for such a resource recov-
ery model, we not only achieve conser-
vation of energy & environment, but
also help promoters avail carbon cred-
THE GOVERNMENT OF India has tion coupled with rapid urbanization, it self-sustainable. its.
been working to enhance the sanitation the paramount task at hand is to fast- This eliminates the hassles of inter- Such power neutral STPs are cur-
coverage with an intent to improve the track the construction of sewer net- mittent power derived from the grid rently in the nascent stage with time-
social and economic spheres of our works to ensure maximum collection which can affect the biological process- tested references across India and
times. and minimum discharge of untreated es at the plant. would be the way forward considering
The flagship schemes of the Central sewage and setting up of efficient Such an ingenious concept also Government notifications which are
government have been focusing on car- Sewage Treatment Plants (STPs) with helps transform the sewage treatment promoting this concept.
rying out river cleaning programmes, reliable and sustainable processes to process into a revenue-generating According to the Ministry of New
at the heart of which is increasing the ensure efficient sewage management. option. and Renewable Energy (MNRE), there
percentage of sewage treated and To enhance sustainability, Zero By putting in place a system to gen- exists a potential of about 1700 MW
reducing the untreated discharge of Sewage Discharge STPs must be initi- erate green power from sludge, greater from urban waste (1500 from MSW
sewage. ated and encouraged in India at the
This entails integrating sustainable moment. Resource recovery from the
technologies for effective sewage man- treatment process is at the heart of this
agement; all these being clear initia- concept.
tives which have been promoted in the The treated wastewater has a lot of
forward-looking policies of the Central potential to be recycled and reused.
Government. With increase in the percentage of According to the data released in the report
According to the data released in sewage treated, we also need to
the report “Inventorization of Sewage address the issue of sludge manage-
“Inventorization of Sewage treatment plants,
treatment plants, 2015” by the Central ment. 2015” by the Central Pollution Control Board
Pollution Control Board (CPCB), the First, the sludge can be thickened
available treatment capacity is only for and subjected to anaerobic digesters to
(CPCB), the available treatment capacity is
37% of the total 62,000 MLD (million produce methane gas. This methane, only for 37% of the total 62,000 MLD (million
liters per day) of sewage which is gen- with its high calorific value, can run the
erated in urban India. Biogas Engine which generates elec-
liters per day) of sewage which is generated
With the tremendous rise in popula- tricity for the entire plant, thus making in urban India.

OUT OF THE BOX
Recently, WABAG executed

Karnataka’s first power neutral
STP, entrusted by Bangalore Water
Supply and Sewerage Board
(BWSSB). The plant with a capaci-
ty to treat 60 MLD of sewage, locat-
ed in K&C Valley, was designed and
built with power generation process
from biogas, thus making the plant
eligible under Renewable Energy
Certificates (RECs) policy mecha-
nism. The plant is based on an acti-
vated sludge process with biological
nutrient removal system and has a 1
MW biogas Engine installed in it for
green power generation. The flag-
ship power neutral STP was inau-
gurated by the Honorable CM of
and 225 MW from sewage) and about vides capital subsidy and Grants-in-Aid gas engine (capacity 1,317 KVA). Karnataka in mid-2017.
1300 MW from industrial waste. The for projects which includes power gen- After commissioning in 2006,
ministry is also actively promoting the eration from biogas at Sewage WABAG also assumed responsibility
generation of energy from waste by Treatment Plant or through bio- for operations & maintenance of the lower carbon renewable energy future.
providing subsidies and incentives for methanation of urban and agricultural plant for a period of 10 years. Establishing the Zero Sewage
the projects. waste. It is the largest plant of its kind in Discharge concept comprehensively in
Central Financial Assistance pro- These plants are entitled to a sub- India and the most energy efficient one India will ensure the successful realiza-
sidy of INR 2.00 crore/MW or bio-CNG among the 9 STPs in Chennai - achiev- tion of a “Swachh Bharat”.
from 12000 m3 biogas/day (Max INR ing 98% self-sufficiency in terms of VA Tech WABAG
5.00 crore/project). power consumption. Around the world, the WABAG name
There are time-tested and success- Comprehensive technical and eco- stands for innovative and successful solu-
ful case studies in India which testify to nomic know-how of WABAG has guar- tions in the water engineering sector. As
the viability of power neutral STPs. anteed efficient project realization and an internationally respected expert group,
The biological The State Government of Tamil a highly commendable operations WABAG is a systems specialist and full
Nadu has been pro-actively looking to phase of the plant for over a decade. service-provider with a focus on the plan-
Sewage Treatment tackle problems surrounding sewage The Kodungaiyur STP has the dis- ning, installation, and operation of drink-
Plant (STP) at and its disposal using smart solutions tinction of completing maximum hours ing and wastewater plants for local gov-
over the last decade. of run time with a single gas engine, ernment and industry in the growth mar-
Kodungaiyur, In 2004, VA Tech WABAG was which has run successfully for 78,843 kets of Asia, North Africa, Middle East,
Chennai handles 110 entrusted with the turnkey realization hours, producing 45036 MWh over the the Central and Eastern Europe.
of a new biological sewage treatment last 11 years. The WABAG Group represents a lead-
MLD (million liters plant at Kodungaiyur, located in the The way forward would be to fast- ing multinational player with a workforce
per day) of sewage. northern periphery of Chennai City. track implementation of the of over 1,600 and has companies and
The plant handles 110 MLD (million Government policies promoting the offices in more than 20 countries. It dis-
Its treatment process liters per day) of sewage and the treat- generation of electricity from biogas poses of unique technological know-how,
is based on activated ment process is based on activated
sludge process with anaerobic sludge
and build more such power neutral
STPs.
based on innovative, patented technolo-
gies and long-term experience. Since 1995,
sludge process with digestion and biogas utilization by This is also in line with our WABAG has completed over 900 water
anaerobic sludge means of a power plant based on the Honorable PM’s vision to create a and wastewater plants worldwide.
digestion and biogas

utilization by means
of a power plant
based on the gas
engine (capacity
1,317 KVA). It is the
largest plant of its
kind in India and
achieves 98% self-
sufficiency in terms
of power
consumption.

URBAN WATER
Sustainable Earth: The Role of Urban

Water Management
By Ajitabh Sharma
efits are maximized within the operations. This concept, now consumption. Wealth from Nigeria. These three countries
given set of constraints. defined as 'triple bottom line' waste is the underlying theme will account for 37 percent of
Implying that, for a given is utilized by many businesses in a circular economy. Supply the global urban growth.
activity or a project economic, to assess the outcome of a chain diagnostics is an effi- With increasing urban pop-
social and environmental costs development project on three cient method for transitioning ulation, pressure on water,
and benefits are balanced for dimensions of economic, social from linear to a circular econo- food, energy and other natural
optimization of overall benefit. and environmental equity. my. resources will expand geomet-
To illustrate: for a given Reforms in business The circular economy has rically, challenging the quality
multipurpose irrigation proj- accounting standards for been advocated as one of the provision of services and sus-
ect, the new command area adopting triple bottom line most critical pillars of sustain- tainability of resource con-
created, additional drinking principle will bring in more able development. Water as a sumption. If not managed effi-
water availability and power transparency to the people resource plays a vital role in ciently, this would further
generation are economic bene- impacted by actions of a busi- the supply chain of most eco- exacerbate the adverse impact
fits. Whereas, displacement of ness venture or a development nomic, social and ecological on the environment and the
villagers and loss of livelihood program and empower them actions. Hence, managing ecosystem.
has its own social implications. for making informed decisions. water prudently across the Soaring population will
Furthermore, submergence of It will further assist the ecosystem is crucial for increase per capita consump-
large tracts of culturable land, prospective investors in chan- achieving the goal of a circular tion, putting immense pres-
Sustainable Development extinction of local biodiversity nelizing their capital wisely to economy, and in-turn the goal sure on water resources in
and Triple Bottom Line due to impounding of water, the programs having better of sustainable development urban and peri-urban areas,
The principle of sustain- reduction in ecosystem servic- chances of achieving the goal and sustainable earth. consequently straining the
ability of growth and develop- es rendered by the tamed river of sustainable development. To add further, considering environment if the water use
ment intersects three basic and other adverse environ- the integral role which water cycle is not managed efficient-
systems- the economic, social mental impacts carry huge Circular Economy & Water plays in the development ly.
and the ecological system. All ecological costs, which are Improving the triple bot- process, the United Nations Globally, irrigation is a
three systems are interdepen- mostly ignored in project eval- tom line of a business venture has identified the water-food- major water guzzler, average
dent and interconnected. uation exercises. requires life cycle analysis of energy and climate nexus to be 70 percent of water is used for
To exemplify it further: To determine sustainability the output product in conjunc- a key principle behind sustain- agricultural purposes. As per
industrial development, when aspect of such projects, social tion with the social and envi- able development. But unfor- the UNDP 2006 report, with
evaluated in isolation may and ecological implications are ronmental impacts of the busi- tunately, water is fraught with the growing urbanization and
reflect positive economic sce- to be exhaustively analyzed ness operations. Under the life challenges, which might put further increase in peri-urban
nario, like, increase in GDP and translated into monetary cycle analysis, the market the whole nexus under threat, irrigation, and with the
and per capita income. But, terms using the tools such as costs as well as the hidden with the urban water compo- demand for domestic and
when looked holistically the Environmental Impact costs of the product, from the nent being the weakest link in industrial water consumption
picture might be contrasting, Assessment and Social Impact stage of production to con- the chain. expected to double by 2050 in
wherein, the social and the Assessment studies. All three sumption to disposal, are iden- the increasingly urbanizing
ecological systems get dimensions of costs and bene- tified and analyzed. The Impending Urban Wa- economies, the water quantity,
adversely impacted because of fits are thus calculated and In a Circular Economy: To ter Crisis quality, and sanitation will
the widening inequality in the balanced among each other to minimize the adverse impact According to a UN report present itself as the most criti-
ownership of wealth and envi- determine the sustainability of of a business activity on the (2014), 2.5 billion more people cal urban challenges in the
ronmental degradation respec- the project for taking the final society and the environment, will be added to the world pop- coming decades. This would
tively. Such a growth model decision by the policy-makers. and the usage of natural ulation between 2014 to 2050, further make the task of
would not be sustainable as it In financial terms, the oper- resources; wastage is reduced making the proportional share achieving the SDG 6, providing
is not leading to the desired ations of a firm which are con- by reusing resources in a cyclic of the urban population 66 per- clean water and sanitation;
goal of social equity and, envi- ventionally measured in mone- manner and releasing the least cent of the total population by and SDG 11, making cities
ronmental and ecological pro- tary terms only, need to also possible effluents into the air, 2050. The world population inclusive, resilient and sustain-
tection for the intergenera- internalize the social and envi- water, and land. Wastage in the will reach 9.3 billion by 2050, able, more daunting for the
tional holistic well-being. ronmental externalities, and production process is mini- 6.3 billion of which will be liv- policy-makers.
Sustainable development is incorporate them in its balance mized by using alternative ing in urban areas. Highest Increased consumption of
a scenario where economic, sheet to represent the true and methods resulting in less urban population growth will water in urban areas will also
social and environmental ben- fair picture of the business amount of water and energy occur in China, India, and increase wastewater genera-

URBAN WATER
tion, further impacting the Sixth, the overstretched urban and peri-urban limits. mentals of capturing stormwa- nity at the forefront, with
quality of surface and ground- and aging infrastructure is Third, urban planning and ter, keeping the drainage basin extensive participation of
water resources, and conse- unable to meet the demand of development, which broadly uninterrupted to mitigate the media for awareness and com-
quently threatening the various competing sectors. includes: urban landscaping, urban flood situation and munication. The role of scien-
already dismal state of sanita- Seventh, capital investment urban floodplain zoning, keep- reducing the pollution load to tists and academics is also
tion services in most of the for the creation of new, and ing urban construction in tan- the water reservoirs. The vul- given due importance for
local bodies. retrofitting of old water infra- dem with the natural flow of nerability is reduced by scien- research and advocacy of
structure is not commensurate the water cycle, rainwater har- tific surface water and groundwater management.
Characterization of Urban with the financial requirement vesting both rooftop as well by water co-management as a Capacity building of institu-
Water Challenges of the water utilities. increased infiltration by pro- part of an overall strategy. tions, water engineers and
Water sustains life. It is an Eighth, climate change tecting the permeable areas in IUWM incorporates the managers is essential for effi-
inextricable component for the impact is increasing the vul- the city sprawl. interdependencies and inter- cient application of diagnostic
production of food for human nerability and unpredictability IUWM is rooted deep in the connectedness of several insti- methods and tools for success-
survival. It is a vital con- of the existing urban water concept of Integrated Water tutions working in the water ful implementation of IUWM.
stituent for the rendering of resources. Resources Management and sector policy space. It seeks to
ecosystem services, and a driv- Ninth, absence of proper works on the principle of not create harmony between Conclusion
er for most developmental and regulatory and institutional simply using, but managing, water resources management The goal of a sustainable
majority of outdoor recre- framework is the primary water as a resource. It works and urban planning resulting earth is embedded in sustain-
ational activities. Any type of cause of the fragmented on the principle of using alter- into synergistic outcomes of able water management.
water-related crisis situation- approach towards inefficient native water resources such as increased water supply, better Integrated Urban Water
scarcity, abundance, quality, urban water management. fit-for-purpose treated waste- sanitation, a cleaner environ- Management although not a
water-induced disaster events, water, greywater, stormwater, ment, improved ecosystem panacea, but, is inevitable for
urban flooding, has the poten- The Solution: Integrated harvested rainwater and services, reduced urban flood the new paradigm of sustain-
tial to put human life and Urban Water Management desalinated water, besides situations, efficient stormwa- able cities.
growth under acute crisis. (IUWM) fresh surface water and ter management, better recre- To achieve the goal of
Pre-empting the crisis situ- As explained above, urban groundwater resources. ational facilities, and improved water-wise cities, effective
ation necessitates characteri- water management is a The Three ‘R’ livability and feel good factor. advocacy for water steward-
zation of the impending prob- process full of complexities. Environmental Slogan: It is imperative for the ship, spreading the sense of
lem. The urban component The traditional approach of Reduce, Reuse and Recycle, is water utilities to have a mind- water conservation and usage
being the most primary ele- management is the linear one- one of the themes of urban set shift from single-option of technology for efficient use
ment of holistic water manage- focussing more on the creation water management also. solution of heavy infrastruc- of water, at the citizen and the
ment calls for priority atten- of new supply support systems Technological interventions ture investments for water institutional level, is impera-
tion of the policy-makers and and distribution networks, and communication cam- scarcity problems, towards tive.
other actors in the sector. usage of water, its onward paigns are core to water con- exploring mixed solutions There is all likelihood of
The urban water crisis has treatment and the last point servation and efficiency meas- involving decentralised sys- world’s many cities slipping
multiple facets. First, the discharge into the ecosystem. ures, both, indoor at the tems, on-site sanitation solu- into Day Zero situation similar
sprawling urban areas and the The traditional linear domestic and institutional tions, nature-based systems, to Cape Town in future. There
burgeoning population are put- approach is not sustainable as level and outdoor at the utility treatment up to fit-for-purpose are multiple stakeholders in
ting acute pressure on limited opposed to the approach of cir- level. Nutrient and energy standards, direct use of treat- water management, individu-
freshwater resources. If not cular management. recovery from wastewater has ed water for non-potable and als, groups, institutions, gov-
managed effectively, provision The business as usual a huge potential of turning ecosystem services, and indi- ernments and the biophysical
of water and sanitation servic- approach is fragmented, environmental and health rect use for potable purposes. ecosystem itself. The Day Zero
es would become more difficult where less or no attention is risks into opportunities for the With clearly laid standards situation and its dreadful con-
than ever to render. paid towards interconnected- water utilities. many countries are using sequences are a clarion call
Second, excessive ground- ness and interdependence of IUWM connects the quality treated wastewater for agri- mandating early individual
water abstraction is adversely urban planning and develop- of the water with its potential cultural purpose, converting and collective action across
impacting the natural water ment process, with the urban usage. It seeks to plan in an the environmental threat to an the globe to mitigate the ensu-
cycle. water management plan. integrated manner various opportunity for employment ing water crisis situation.
Third, shortage of sanita- Integrated Urban Water sources of water and using generation and food security. Integrated Urban Water
tion and sewerage systems are Management (IUWM) seeks to recycled water again and again IUWM envisages and Management is certainly the
resulting in the discharge of integrate three distinct com- for different purposes like agri- endeavors for economic effi- way forward for our cities, to
untreated or inadequately ponents of planning and imple- culture, urban landscaping, ciency, social equity, and envi- continue their journey as
treated wastewater in natural mentation mechanisms, which domestic washing, flushing, ronmental sustainability. It growth engines of human civi-
water bodies causing health are, first, urban water services makeup water for cooling tow- seeks to create a coordinated lization in future.
and environmental risks. including water supply, waste- ers, washing of streets, and environment of the existing About the Author
Fourth, improper solid water treatment, sewerage thus utilizing water in a closed formal and informal institu- Ajitabh Sharma, IAS, is
waste management and services, stormwater manage- loop making it an essential tions like urban water utilities, currently working as Secretary
unplanned urban land development, sanitation services, solid component of a circular econo- urban land planning depart- to Government in Animal
ment are increasing the occur- waste disposal, demand-side my. ment, water resources depart- Husbandry, Dairying, Fisheries
rence of urban flood events. management, reducing non- The urban watershed and ment, sanitation agencies, cli- and Gopalan Department with
Fifth, poor stormwater revenue water and conserva- catchment development for mate change mitigation and the State Government of
management and drainage sys- tion and efficiency measures. the protection of natural water adaptation strategy formulat- Rajasthan, India. He has done B.
tems are impacting the live- Second, aquifer and water- resources and reservoirs is ing bodies, pollution control Tech. from IIT Delhi and has
ability and also causing eco- shed management, which integrated with an urban and environmental protection seven years’ experience in the
nomic losses to the citizens includes the hydraulic and development plan. Urban land agencies, non-governmental water and natural resources
and the local bodies. hydrologic aspects of the zoning is based on the funda- organisations, and the commu- management.

APPLICATION
Guided Wave Radar Level Measurement Reduces

Costs,Improves Accuracyin Wastewater Applications
Precise level measurement in the wastewater holding tanks is equally important when
environmental regulatory compliance is on the line, and GWR level is often the most efficient
and cost-effective technology for that application.
By Sumant Juvekar
the following limitations: does not need to compensate

• Mechanical parts such as for changes in density, dielec-
floats get stuck due to coat- tric, or conductivity in the
ing fluid, which makes this top-
• Ice forms in nozzles down measurement very
because of condensate robust.
freezing When measuring tank lev-
• Accuracy is low due to els, the GWR device sends a
changing product proper- low-energy microwave pulse
GUIDED WAVE RADAR ties such as density down a probe. When the pulse
(GWR) level measurement is • An increased number of hits the media, a significant
frequently associated with cables are used when trans- proportion of the energy is
large tank farms and applica- ducers and transmitters reflected back up the probe to
tions where precision level have separate housings and the device. The level is direct-
analysis is crucial to custody terminals ly proportional to the time-
transfer or prevention of • They require frequent domain reflectometry.
explosions or fires. But pre- maintenance GWR can also use a pro-
cise level measurement in GWR technology provides portion of the emitted pulse
wastewater holding tanks is a versatile, reliable solution: that continues down the probe
equally important when envi- • No mechanical parts to detect an interface between
ronmental regulatory compli- • Less sensitive to ice forma- two liquids. The ability to
ance is on the line, and GWR tion measure surface level and
level is often the most efficient • Accuracy independent of interface level between two
and cost-effective technology product properties liquids is particularly useful in
for that application. • Integral probe-transmitter wastewater applications that
Under stable storage con- solution can potentially have more
ditions, some contents may • Virtually maintenance-free than one liquid (water mixed
enter the holding tank at high- GWR is based on with other liquids).
er temperatures and then microwave technology. One example is oil on
cool. In the parts of the noz- Microwaves are only affected water. When microwaves hit
zles or stilling wells exposed by materials that reflect ener- the oil surface, some are Rosemount 3308 Level Wireless Transmitter - Guided
to ambient conditions, heavy gy, which means that temper- reflected and some continue
condensation or freezing of ature variations, dust, pres- through the oil. The reflected tric (80) and any other liquid dielectric constant of 1. Oil is
the material may occur on the sure, and viscosity do not microwaves provide the level floating on top of water can be approximately 2, and water
instrumentation, potentially affect accuracy - an important reading and the microwaves expected to typically have a around 80. A dielectric con-
impacting level measurement. factor in challenging waste- that continue through the oil much lower dielectric constant below 1.5 is often chal-
Because of accessibility rea- water holding tanks. In most will be reflected on the water stant. Therefore, this kind of lenging to measure, so pro-
sons, only top-down level wastewater processes, vary- surface, providing the inter- application makes it a very cessing facilities should look
technologies can be used, ing conditions are common, face reading. good fit for level and interface for high-sensitivity guided
such as mechanical level especially regarding tempera- One of the criteria for detection by guided wave wave radar level transmitters,
gauges or radars. Most plants ture, density, and viscosity. measuring levels of two liq- radar. which are able to handle such
with wastewater holding Variations in level measure- uids is that there should be a Note, however, the higher challenges.
tanks will be faced with this ment can easily occur under sufficient difference in dielec- the dielectric constant, the The win/win, of course, is
choice. these conditions, but the tric constants (wave reflecting stronger the reflection of the that with just one device,
In such applications, GWR technology is unaffected capability) between the liq- microwaves. Vacuum gives no wastewater treatment facili-
mechanical level gauges have by these changes. The device uids. Water has a high dielec- reflection at all and has a ties can measure both level

APPLICATION
for soundness and safety.

Emptying the pits is extreme-
ly difficult, so this company,
like many others, conducts
regular “water logging”
inspections. During these
inspections, the pits are filled
with water and left for a peri-
od of time, after which any
decrease in the water level is
measured using a level gauge
and recorder. A significant
problem, however, occurs
because several steps of the
wastewater treatment
process need to be stopped
completely during these
inspections, delaying produc-
tion. Therefore, the inspec-
tions must be performed as
quickly as possible without
raising costs or sacrificing Rosemount 3300 Level Transmitter - Guided Wave
accuracy. It was because of
these demands that the chem- detected, the upper fluid percent of the original level
ical company decided on guid- layer must be = 13 cm gauges, resulting in savings of
ed wave radar. Originally • Target applications, upper $9,000. The new system also
using level gauges, the inspec- layer dielectric (< 3) and reduced the number of inspec-
tion of the company’s four pits lower layer dielectric (> 20) tion hours needed from 22
took two full days. After the For the Japanese chemical down to 5.5 and reduced the
installation of GWR, inspec- company, GWR proved to be a downtime of the wastewater
tion time was reduced by 75 significant improvement over treatment facility saving an
Rosemount 5300 Level Transmitter - Guided Wave percent, and most significant- the previous test devices estimated $27,000 per year.
ly, inspections now only need because of its accuracy and Obviously, every waste-
and interface - saving time the wastewater at this plant is to take place once a year - a minimum maintenance. They water treatment facility must
and money. discharged from each manu- dramatic cost saving. compounded their advantages evaluate their level measure-
GWR isn’t a total panacea facturing process into the pits, When considering the use by choosing to use wireless ment requirements based on
for wastewater processing and is then biologically treat- of GWR for interface level technology for the installa- individual parameters, but in
facilities, however - it is a con- ed and discharged to the pub- measurements, wastewater tion. Because the transmitter many holding tank applica-
tacting level measurement lic water area. The intermedi- facilities need to consider is wireless, the original instal- tions, the use of guided wave
technology that uses a probe ate treatment liquid remains these factors: lation costs were low. In addi- radar is a cost-saving, accura-
touching the process liquid. in the pits, and since the con- • The lower dielectric fluid tion, transmitter locations can cy-enhancing choice.
Wastewater sometimes can be easily changed, if neces- About the Author
have a lot of solid particles sary. The WirelessHART™ Sumant Juvekar is the Sr.
mixed in that could coat the technology is unaffected by Senior Business Development
probe. Excess coating on the obstacles - which is especially Manager, Rosemount Level at
probe can affect level meas- important in an unpredictable Emerson Automation Solutions.
urement and will require fre- environment like wastewater Emerson, headquartered in
quent cleaning, so the possibil- Microwaves are only affected by holding tanks. Their wireless St. Louis, Missouri (USA), is a
ity of probe coating and main- technology is designed as a global technology and engineer-
tenance needs to be evaluated
materials that reflect energy, which self-organizing network based ing company providing innova-
before choosing GWR for means that temperature on the IEC 62591 tive solutions for customers in
wastewater applications. A WirelessHART standard. The industrial, commercial, and res-
smart way to predict the
variations, dust, pressure, and device is self-healing, secure, idential markets. Its Emerson
maintenance need for GWR is viscosity do not affect accuracy - robust, and endlessly config- Automation Solutions business
signal quality metrics - which urable. The mesh technology helps the process, hybrid, and
are quality values based on
an important factor in challenging offers a data reliability of discrete manufacturers maxi-
clever radar algorithms, cal- wastewater holding tanks. more than 99 percent that mize production, protect person-
culating how the signal quality ensures an interoperable, nel and the environment while
is affected by, for instance, adaptive, and flexible optimizing their energy and
contamination - in order to tents are waste liquid, leakage must be on the top approach. For the Japanese operating costs. The Emerson
provide an early warning for from the underground pits • The dielectric difference of company, using a digital signal Commercial and Residential
the operator. can contaminate groundwater two liquids must be at least - rather than 4-20 mA analog - Solutions business helps ensure
An example of the effective and soil, violating environ- six to the DCS improved the human comfort and health, pro-
use of GWR in wastewater mental regulations and • The upper dielectric must repeatability from 5mm to tect food quality and safety,
treatment comes from a prompting significant fines. be known, and it should be a 2mm. Because the inspection advance energy efficiency, and
chemical plant in Japan. As Japanese law requires reg- fixed value time is reduced by 75 percent, create sustainable infrastruc-
with many wastewater plants, ular inspections of the tanks • For the interface to be the cost totaled less than 50 ture.

SMART WATER
Smart Wastewater/ Sewerage

Treatment For Smart India
By Raveendra Bhat and Rajul Mehrotra
chemical properties of waste- stages:

water gives rise to public Aeration: The aeration tank
health issues and affects the consists of diffused aeration
environment. Hence, it is nec- system and blowers. Diffusers
essary that India should opt provide oxygen to bacteria for
for wastewater treatment that treating organic and inorganic
is consistent, low on mainte- compounds. Oxygen is needed
nance and can handle the by bacteria to allow biodegra-
wastewater flow variation. dation to occur. The supplied
In traditional STP, Sewage oxygen is utilized by bacteria
enters the Sewage Treatment in the wastewater to break
Plant (STP) and goes through down the organic matter con-
the Screens and Fine Screens taining carbon to form carbon
which prevents entry of large dioxide and water. Without
solid particles; such as plastic the presence of sufficient oxy-
cups, paper dishes, polythene gen, bacteria cannot biode-
bags, etc. from entering aera- grade the incoming organic
tion tank. But sometimes matter in a reasonable time.
Figure 1: Traditional Wastewater/ Sewerage Treatment (STP) Approach these particles pass through Secondary Clarifier: It
the screens and will cause allows liquid and solids sepa-
URBANIZATION HAS basis, be it flush-latrines, in operations. So, only 35% of wear and tear of pumps & ration of biomass solids in the
ENCOURAGED the migra- bathing, washing clothes, wastewater is treated at machinery reducing treat- Mixed Liquor (biomass slur-
tion of people from villages to utensils, etc. This generates a acceptable levels and the ment efficiency of the ry), coming out of the aeration
the urban areas in India. From significant amount of waste- remaining untreated sewage Activated Sludge Process. It tank and settling to the bot-
the point of view to improve water. As per CPCB 2015 esti- is released in rivers and lakes, is, generally, observed that tom of clarifier. The clarified
the standard of living, water- mates, wastewater generated leading to water pollution and mechanical screens installed liquid is then sent to tertiary
supply has been established in in urban India is around 62 same water is used as drink- in STPs are out of order, main- stage of treatment in the form
most of the cities/towns and million m3/d, whereas treating source few km away. ly because of poor mainte- of filtration or directly to the
even in some villages over ment capacity is around 23.3 Though India is now looking nance and high cost. disinfection stage of the plant.
past three decades. Tons of million m3/d. There are 800 forward to the reuse of waste- The water passing through The conventional ASP pro-
water is being used on daily wastewater treatment plants water, the inconsistency in the the Screens enters the Grit vides one of the highest
Removal Chamber. Grit degrees of treatment of waste-
includes sand, gravel, cinder, water. However, it has some
or other heavy solid materials challenges - one of it being the
that are “heavier” (higher spe- requirement of a larger foot-
cific gravity) than the organic print. ASP plants are typically
biodegradable solids in the costly to construct as they
wastewater which are sepa- occupy substantial land areas.
rated in this chamber. In the The treated effluent from
next step, the water is either the secondary treatment is
sent to a “Primary Clarifier” sent to tertiary treatment in
where the organic and inor- the form of Gravity Sand
ganic solids are settled out of Filter, if required to trap and
water due to gravity or direct- trace the amount of solids that
ly sent to the Activated Sludge escape the clarifiers. The
Process (ASP) for secondary Gravity sand filters needs
treatment. higher maintenance as the
The ASP removes the sand media might degrade
biodegradable organic matter, over a period of time. After
nutrients, TSS, pathogens and tertiary treatment, the efflu-
heavy metals. Typically, the ent is given a dose of Chlorine
Figure 2: Smart Wastewater/ Sewerage Treatment conventional ASP occurs in 2 for disinfection. Chlorine is

SMART WATER
reduce the complexity of oper- ably reduces the formation of

ation. Unlike conventional nitrogen oxides (NOx), as well
activated sludge plants, there as potential corrosion and
is no need for primary or sec- performance issues. Lower
ondary settlement tanks or corrosion leads to lesser leak-
return sludge pumps. All age and hence lesser wastage
treatment is done in a single of water. Achieving the full
basin. It is continuous in flow, rated ozone production capac-
distributes variations in flows ity requires only a maximum
and loads evenly across all Ozonator (Ex. Xylem Wedeco SMO) time of fewer than 30 seconds
basins - simplifying day to day - a decisive contribution to
Advanced SBR (Ex. XYLEM ICEAS Advanced SBR) operations and operational and can be chemically treated overall process control. The
changes as well as accommo- if necessary to remove col- Ozonator comes with a PLC
actually an efficient disinfec- (MLD). This means that an dating single basin operation loidal materials that perma- and SCADA. This helps the
tor but also produces bi-prod- STP with the capacity of for low flow and maintenance nently foul other disk media. user to monitor the function-
ucts like THMs treating 300 MLD of sewage conditions. In case if the disks get dam- ing and control it without
(Trihalomethanes) which will require Rs. 300 crore to An advanced SBR is able to aged, only the damaged part actually visiting the Plant.
leads to Cancer. Other major be set up. It must be noted handle flows from 1 MLD to can be removed and replaced, Smart sewerage treatment
problems faced by WWTPs in that this is just the set up cost. 300 MLD. The process also reducing the maintenance leverage real-time wastewater
India are Power Supply and Additional costs in installation effectively removes nitrogen cost. The maintenance cost quality sensors to monitor
Consumption and Cost of of an STP include provisions and phosphorus from waste- and the footprint of this filter wastewater quality at every
operating the STP. On an of power supply, installation of water through Biological are comparatively less than stage of the treatment
average Wastewater treat- power generators and employ- Nutrient Removal (BNR) traditional sand filters, and process. Any degradation of
ment plants are consume 2 - ing staff. Apart from these, process. The main focus provide a high level of tertiary wastewater quality at any
3% of electrical power annual- the maintenance of a medium should be put upon producing polishing in an extremely stage of the treatment process
ly in a developing nation. sized STP (with a treatment cost-saving water technolo- small footprint. can be highlighted and correc-
STPs require continuous capacity of minimum 100 gies that use less energy As we discussed above the tive action can be taken quick-
power supply to function MLD) requires an approxi- throughout the lifetime of the side-effects of the use of ly to ensure consistent high-
properly. Power supply mate amount between Rs. 70 project by not only using high- Chlorine in the treatment of quality output of clean, puri-
remains a major hindrance for lakh to Rs. 2 crore annually. ly efficient aeration grids and sewerage water, keeping the fied water.
STPs as erratic power sup- STPs set up by both Union blower technology but also same in mind, it is suggested The biggest challenge in an
plies affect the amount of and state governments have cutting-edge controls and that UV is used for disinfec- STP is the monitoring of all
sewage treated on a regular to bear the brunt of these instrumentation which use tion of water. The three main the systems. Smart Sewerage
basis. STPs which have a expenses, as churning out innovative algorithms to con- factors that affect an STP are Treatment leverage SCADA
treatment capacity of more such large amount every year trol the aeration and process, cost, time and quality. UV sys- (Supervisory Control and
than 200 MLD require 1 becomes difficult for state minimizing energy use by up tems can best provide all the Data Acquisition), which inte-
megawatt of power supply. In governments. This results in to 50%. With its continuous above three factors. These UV grate all the elements of STP
India, where more than 50 many STPs to lower their disinfection systems just need through a communication net-
million homes still have no sewage treatment capacity, 5 seconds of time to be in con- work. Through SCADA, an
access to electricity, continu- due to unavailability of enough tact with water and disinfect operator can monitor and con-
ously supplying 1 megawatt of funds. Due to unavailability of it. This time is very low com- trol all elements in an STP
power to STPs is a big task. funds, many STP’s are forced pared to Chlorine, which from one command center.
When the CPCB surveyed 84 to lower down their sewage needs 20 to 30 minutes only
STPs in 2010, it was found treatment capacity. for mixing. Also, UV systems About the Authors
that only 8 of them had contin- reduce the operational cost
uous power supply. The rest Smart Wastewater/ Sew- because they do not require
were dependent on inade- erage Treatment Wastewater Quality Monitoring other facilities for storage or
quate power supply lasting for S m a r t Sensor (Ex. Xylem WTW handling as that for chlorine.
12, 14 or 18 hours a day. Setting Wa s t e w a t e r / S e w e r a g e Wastewater Quality Sensors) Ozonators can effectively
up a sewage treatment plant is Treatment leverages the replace activated carbon fil-
a costly affair. The CPCB esti- advanced SBR (Sequencing inflow distribution technology, ters in the traditional process.
mates that the conventional Batch Reactor) for the the peak load is spread across Activated carbon filters add
cost for an STP comes to Rs. 1 Activated Sludge Process. An all basins simplifying opera- carbon content to the treated Raveendra Bhat is the
crore per million liters daily advanced SBR is designed to tion and saving up to 30% on water. Ozonators add oxygen Director - Treatment at Xylem
the total footprint. and improve the taste and India. He has 25+ years of expe-
Disk filters are important odor of the water. Ozonators rience in water and waste indus-
components that can replace allow up to 30 times less nitro- try.
the conventional sand filtra- gen dosing which consider- Rajul Mehrotra is the
tion process in an STP. The fil- Director Strategy & Smart
ters are made of 304 SS or 316 Cities at Xylem India. He has
SS to be provided in a com- 15+ years of experience in con-
pact package system ready to sulting cities and real estate
operate. The filters utilize an developers in developing smart
extremely durable AISI 316 L cities and smart townships. In
stainless steel screen which is past, Rajul has led smart cities
contained in circular disk sec- business for IBM and Accenture
Disk Filters (Ex. Xylem Leopold Ultrascreen Disk Filter) tions that are easy to clean SCADA (Ex. Xylem FLYGT SCADA) in India.

COLUMN KNOWING OUR WATERS
Planning with Water

By Peter Neill, IWC for the Australian Water Partnership (AWP)
“THE WORLD IS NOT describing the system as on water from the Sierra status quo go down with a social injustice in those places
DOING ENOUGH.” “pouring good water after Nevadas and distributed by great sucking sound heard and among those peoples
So states a report from a bad.” engineered solutions. Water from Houston to Anchorage, already deprived of what we
2012 survey of participants at China, India, Australia, the rationing, inadequate supply from New York to Moscow, take for granted.
the World Economic Forum in US - all are grappling with at key points in the growth of from Beijing to the Poles. Is it possible to construct a
Davos, Switzerland. “Though these conditions, certainly not fruit and crops, and weak and There is, of course, no alterna- new system on the true value
the problems of floods, theoretical anymore, but declining harvests can bring tive plan. Or is there? of water? What decisions
drought, and inadequate immediate, devastating, and even such a community to its The most valuable com- must be made? Do we need
water supply that were pro- disruptive. The rising price knees. The response cannot modity on earth is no longer new technologies and more
jected more than two decades for grain and rice resulting be conventional, cannot be oil. All the calculations money, or can we actually
ago have come true, little is from severe drought has been more of the same. The time change, even as the energy change by using the technolo-
being done to address them suggested as the major con- for that has passed. companies and their investors gies already in hand and re-
effectively. Leaders are espe- tributors to social unrest, per- “We didn’t realize until double down on what surely allocating existing assets?
cially ill-prepared for wide- haps toppling a government in recently how much our econo- they hope will be a return to Can we finance such a
spread social instability…” Egypt and crippling a regional my and society relied on the good old days. Suddenly change with funds divested
Circle of Blue quotes Bob economy in Australia and hydrologic stability.” Perhaps the communities suffering from the extraction industry
Sanford, chair of the Canadian escalating prices in food- we do now, and if finally so, from the myriad conse- and re-invested in alternatives
Partnership Initiative, as fol- dependent markets through- what are we going to do about quences of fracking or explod- and renewable resources? Can
lows: “We didn’t realize until out the southern hemisphere. it? ing pipelines find leverage to we move the oil subsidies
recently how much our econo- These are not problems easily If global leaders have real- fight back against what has away from a dying industry to
my and society relied on dismissed or ignored. ized how much our economies been so cleverly packaged as bring the new alternatives to
hydrologic stability.” We are fighting wars for and society rely on hydrologic beyond them and essential to scale? Can we take back the
Well, that is not entirely water, as much as for oil or stability, what do you suppose the national interest. definition of our future from
true. China, for example, has religion. they intend to do about it? What then is the most valu- those who see it only as a
been building massive water The old solutions do not Despite the drought and able commodity on earth replication of our past? Can
transfer systems to move serve these extreme events. It water scarcity, despite the around which a new, more we make, and execute a new
water from areas in the south may be that the old engineer- ongoing pollution of existing viable, more realistic system plan?
to the more arid north where ing ideas and designs like the water supply by fertilizer, of value can be built? It is Of course, we can. It is, in
drought, industrial irrigation, Tennessee Valley Authority in chemicals, toxic spills, and all water, the one natural product fact, already in progress, per-
and flagrant pollution have the US or the diversion of the rest, what action do you that every person, rich or haps not so publicly known,
brought scarcity as well as northern rivers in India can- suppose might be taken to poor, from anywhere around perhaps not so clearly under-
economic and political crises. not meet the challenge of address this evident, recur- the globe, must rely on for life. stood. There are amazing
A recent analysis by exponential demand, degrad- ring, critical need? In the The collapse of oil, then, could examples of progress based
researchers at the Leeds ed supply, and global warm- United States Congress, the be seen as a unique opportuni- on a sharpening vision of the
Water Research Institute at ing. That proof may be now recent response has been to ty to shift our value system to future.
the University of East Anglia visible to us all, even those deny climate change as a an alternative based on water, Examples of a world, built
in the UK, published in the leaders gathered in the Swiss cause of such instability priced by its utilitarian neces- around the movements and
Proceedings of the National mountains to contemplate the around the world (and close to sities. cycles of water and the ocean,
Academy of Sciences, sug- world condition and its most home) and to work with fervor Of course, we need the sits at its center.
gests that this extraordinary critical needs. and dedication to dilute the energy to grow, not just for
expenditure of public funds There is a direct link protections of the Clean growth’s sake but to meet the Peter Neill is founder and
and labor may not be suffi- between water abundance Water Act, to weaken if not known requirements of a director of the World Ocean
cient to meet increased eco- and human well-being, eradicate the Environmental world population that is Observatory and is author of
nomic and population growth. between the adequate supply Protection Agency, and other- increasing dramatically by the The Once and Future Ocean:
Dabo Guan, Professor of and the sustainability of any wise to relieve any restric- millions year to year. If we Notes Toward a New Hydraulic
Climate Change Economics at community, rich or poor. tions or prohibitions for any cannot provide the basic liv- Society. He is also the host of
the University’s School of Northern California is a activity that will simply make ing for these inhabitants in the World Ocean Radio, a weekly
International Development, is region of great fecundity and the matter worse. It repre- form of health, shelter, food, podcast addressing ocean issues,
quoted by Bloomberg News wealth in the U.S., dependent sents the most perverse inter- employment and quality of upon which this blog is inspired.
section of short-term profit life, then we should be pre- The Australian Water
for a politically motivated pared to accept our responsi- Partnership (AWP) is an
What then is the most valuable commodity on earth interest and a long-term loss bility for the unfortunate con- Australian Government devel-
around which a new, more viable, more realistic sys- for everyone else. sequences. It does not take opment initiative enhancing the
tem of value can be built? It is water, the one natural So it goes, at least until the much imagination to envision sustainable management of
product that every person, rich or poor, from any- price of oil collapses and all the outcomes; we see them in water across the Indo-Pacific.
where around the globe, must rely on for life. the numbers, justifications, the disruptive conditions of
and reasons for sustaining the poverty, political volatility, and @WaterPartnersAU

COLUMN MARKET INSIGHTS
Analyzing the Global Irrigation Water Systems Market

By Frost & Sullivan
water use are: ductivity without raising con- approximately 70% in 2050.
• Leaky Irrigation Systems, cern for water use or in other Crop production in developing
• Wasteful and conventional words, getting highest yield countries is expected to dou-
application methods, with less amount of water. ble and there will be a signifi-
• Cultivation of thirsty crops Irrigation holds most of the cant increase in production of
without assessing the envi- responsibility for increasing several key commodities. The
ronmental conditions. crop/food productivity and pressure on renewable water
The underlying problems food security, if managed sources for irrigation would
related to agricultural water effectively. be critical and would increase
are worsened by misdirected in several countries in near
subsidies, low awareness about Efficient Water Manage- East/North Africa and South
the water crisis and weak legis- ment and Government Asia.
lation. An efficient irrigation Support However, there are
system will overcome these The challenges in water restraints that have a greater
challenges, and adopting the management are attributed to impact on the irrigation sys-
same is extremely critical. growing population and pres- tems market as well. One of
According to Frost & sure to use water resources the main restraints that affect
Sullivan, the Global Irrigation efficiently signify that, the farmers in developing coun-
Systems Market was estimat- organization/institutions tries is the Lack of Expertise.
ed at $8.2 billion in the year charge of water management, Farmers lack adequate knowl-
2016 with CAGR of 7.6% with have to constantly reform edge or means to know exist-
irrigation systems (micro-irri- their policies so that the coun- ing on-farm practices to
gation, mechanical irrigation, try is able to cope with new achieve better water efficien-
irrigation pumps, and pipes) demands and challenges. cy levels. They are also
contributing to 72% of the Efficient water management unaware of the incentives and
overall global revenue. North achieved through efficient unaware of the actual irriga-
America and APAC con- irrigation by reducing water tion practices for better crop
tribute about 33.6% and losses, increase in water pro- yield. Under existing circum-
24.6%. ductivity and increase crop stances, agricultural water
Key drivers for the growth yield with optimum water. management will maintain the
A G R I C U L T U R E eration are needed between of global irrigation systems Water-stressed nations have unidentified water efficiency
ACCOUNTS FOR 70% ‘blue- nations. market include: been drawing policies to assist levels. Farmers will have the
water’ withdrawal from Increasing efficiency in farmers in adopting efficient lesser motivation and weaker
sources like river and ground- irrigation is a high priority. Water Scarcity irrigation systems by provid- incentives to make substantial
water. The intensity of with- Improved water management According to FAO, ing incentives and subsidies. effort to improve water use
drawal has grown 3 times in in agriculture will increase Agriculture accounts for For example, in India, subsidy efficiency. This can, however,
the last 50 years. By 2050, water availability, provoke world’s 70% freshwater with- for drip irrigation system has be less of a threat in the future
global water demand for development, reduce soil ero- drawal and more than 90% of been 75-100% as several if a knowledge-exchange sys-
Agricultural is expected to sion, lead to diversified agri- its consumptive use and it is regions have been under tem is in place. One of the key
increase by 19% due to culture and feed a population 90% in regions like Middle- severe drought. The steps to overcome this lacuna
increased crop production. of 9 billion by 2050. As of East and North Africa. Global Government of United States is by continuous knowledge
Close to 40% of the world’s today, according to UN and climate change, increasing offers subsidies to offset the exchange between all the
food supply is from areas irri- FAO, 60% of the water population, excess crop pro- technology's higher cost. Drip stakeholders. Many irrigation
gated through artificial means pumped to irrigate is wasted duction has been constantly irrigation has brought about a companies are focused on
especially in regions like through runoff or evapotran- deteriorating freshwater significant boost to crop yield educating farmers on the
South East Asia. Water need spiration. Water-use efficien- reserves. Situation demands in the state of California which usage and efficiency of the
for people and environment is cy can be achieved only need for adopting efficient has been under the drought systems before installing the
competing with agriculture, through employing irrigation water management for agri- for some time now. same. This not only improves
especially in regions where systems that have proved to culture. Water scarcity has led the know-how but also bene-
irrigation is an absolute need produce more crops. to innovations for increasing Increase in Agriculture fits the farmers with more
threatening to dry up ecosys- Many major food produc- the efficiency and sustainabil- Production crops and eliminates technical
tems. In coming years, climate ing countries like China, India, ity of water use. However, in Yield is higher from irriga- challenges.
change will be an unpre- United States, Pakistan, several parts of the world, tion than the highest yields Deepthi Sugumar is a
dictable threat to the avail- Australia and Spain are close water mismanagement has obtained from rain-fed agri- Research Analyst at Frost and
ability of water. In order to to reaching their renewable led to depletion of freshwater culture. According to projec- Sullivan.
overcome water scarcity, water resource limits. resources. Water scarcity has tions by FAO, overall food pro-
political will, trust and coop- Reasons for the unsustainable shifted the focus on land production would increase by @FrostSullivanEE

COLUMN URBAN WATER
Developing the Urban Circular Water Economy

By Robert C. Brears
and rebates to encourage the to increase supplies. This Berliner Wasserbetriebe

installation of water-efficient reduces the economic and Recovering Resources
technologies and appliances in environmental costs related to from Wastewater
homes and businesses, and establishing new water sup- Berliner Wasserbetriebe’s
awareness initiatives that plies. Schönerlinde sewage treat-
educate the public on the need ment plant is turning sewage
to use water wisely. The over- Pure Water San Diego sludge into sewage gas to gen-
all aim of demand manage- To enhance San Diego’s erate power and heat.
ment is to modify the atti- resilience to drought, climate Additionally, the utility has
tudes and behavior of cus- change, and natural disasters, constructed three wind tur-
tomers towards water during the city has launched Pure bines, with a capacity of 2 MW
both normal and atypical Water San Diego which is a each, as well as two micro gas
times. phased, multi-year pro- turbines to complement the
gramme to provide one-third plant’s CHP unit. Overall,
Scottish Water’s Water of the city’s water supply around 84% of the energy
Savings Calculator locally by 2035. The pro- required by the plant is pro-
Scottish Water provides gramme will use proven tech- duced internally, saving up to
customers with an online nology to clean recycled water 13,000 tons of carbon emis-
‘Water Savings Calculator’ to to produce safe, high-quality sions per year. Berliner
determine their actual water drinking water and provide a Wasserbetriebe has also
usage. At the start, customers reliable, sustainable water developed a patented process
get to personalize the ques- supply. Currently, only 8 per- for recovering phosphorous
tions to suit their homes, so if cent of wastewater is recycled from its sewage treatment
Our traditional economy, some least developed coun- they do not own a car the cus- with the rest being treated plants. The recovered phos-
which is based on the ‘take- tries is released to the envi- tomer will not be asked how and discharged into the ocean. phorous is sold under the
make - consume - dispose’ ronment without treatment, often they clean it. Once com- The Pure Water Program will brand name ‘Berliner Pflanze’
model assumes that resources resulting in polluted rivers, pleted - it takes around 5 mins transform the city’s water sys- (Berlin Plant) to horticulture
are abundant, available, and lakes, and coastal waters. - the user is provided with tem into a complete cycle in and agriculture producers in
cheap to dispose of. However, their own personalized water, which wastewater will be the surrounding areas of the
this model faces significant The Urban Circular Water energy and spend profile, a treated to recycled water city. Several years ago,
challenges from a variety of Economy few free water-saving prod- standards at an existing water Berliner Pflanze won the
mega-trends. The world’s pop- Around the world, there is ucts that are easy to install, reclamation plant, before GreenTec Award for environ-
ulation will be 50% larger in a transition towards the ‘cir- along with a series of tips on being sent to a Pure Water mentally-friendly recycling
2050 compared to 2000 while cular economy’ that focuses what can be done to save Facility. The purified water products.
the world’s economy will have on the 3Rs of reducing materi- water. For example, fixing a will then be sent to an existing Overall, cities and their
nearly tripled by then. al consumption, reusing mate- dripping tap can save as much reservoir and blended with respective water utilities can
Meanwhile, by mid-century, rials, and recovering materi- as 48 liters of water a day, or imported and local water sup- implement the urban circular
66% of the world’s population als from waste. In the context 17,500 liters of water a year plies. After which, the mixed water economy by using
will be living in urban areas, of urban water resources and shaving 1 minute off your water will be treated at an demand management strate-
up from 54% in 2014. Annual management, a variety of shower could save £15 in ener- existing drinking water treat- gies to reduce water con-
global material extraction will cities and their respective gy bills and a further £15 in ment plant, before distribu- sumption, for instance,
reach 183 billion tonnes in water utilities are implement- water bills per year or £120 tion to customers. enabling customers to calcu-
2050, more than twice the ing circular economy concepts saved a year for an average 4- late their water savings poten-
amount in 2015. Regarding cli- that promote the reduction of person household. Recovery of Materials from tials, reusing wastewater to
mate change, extreme weath- water consumption, reuse of Wastewater supplement local supplies,
er events will damage infra- water, and recovery of materi- Reuse of Water Traditionally, waste- and by doing so reducing
structure and harm human als from wastewater. Water reuse involves col- water is seen as a burden dependency on imported
health, potentially reducing lecting, treating, and reusing that needs treating and dis- water, and recovering valu-
global GDP per annum by 3%. Reducing Water Consump- wastewater (recycling). It can posing of. However, waste- able resources from waste-
Finally, by 2050, global tion also involve the reuse of greywater is a source of valuable water to produce new prod-
demand for water will out- Water utilities are using a water or rainwater in houses resources including energy ucts.
strip supply by 55% under a variety of demand manage- or buildings. Recycled water and nutrients. The positive Robert Brears is the author
business-as-usual scenario, ment tools to reduce water can be used for non-potable impact of recovering of Urban Water Security,
while water quality will be consumption including pric- uses e.g. industrial, agricultur- resources from wastewater Founder of Mitidaption, and
severely threatened too: ing of water, reducing leak- al etc. If treated appropriately, is additional revenue Our Future Water."
already, 80% of the world’s ages in the systems, metering recycled water can be blended streams for utilities and
wastewater and over 95% in all customers, using subsidies with surface or groundwater mitigation of emissions. @Mitidaption

COLUMN WATER WISE
The Price of Failure: Water Qualityand the Issue of

Governance in India
sample for collection, and they ed. We were informed by the presumably 18-years-old but is of cancer due to arsenic-
have to test 300 samples per chemist that the contamina- no more than 4.5 feet in contaminated drinking
month. In order to collect tion is around 15-16 ppm, height. I don’t want to see any- water. About 16,889 areas
samples, they have to hire a against the threshold of 1.5 more! are affected by contamina-
vehicle costing about Rs. 800- ppm. And the impact is too My colleague asks a girl tion, way above the permis-
1000 per day, with an addi- evident. Almost all the house- whether she went to the local sible limits.
tional Rs. 500 for diesel and holds have at least one or two primary school that day and • High levels of fluoride are
other requirements, totalling people affected by fluoride whether she had received her reported in the drinking
to Rs. 1500 for one day. In contamination. entitled mid-day meal. The water supply of 12,029
order to meet the cost, they Right from the kachcha answer to the first question areas, and heavy metal con-
collect 5-6 samples per habita- driveway where you get off was affirmative and to the sec- tamination in 2,384 settle-
tion, across 10 habitations a your air-conditioned vehicle in ond, negative. We witness a ments.
day. However, this can often the blazing temperature of 44 row of crumbling single room • Close to 23,613 areas with
result in skewed sample col- degrees, you witness two houses, which were apparent- iron and 14,069 areas with
lection. While they are sup- things. The white taps outside ly built in 1975 in the wake of high salinity in drinking
posed to upload the test mud houses, the pipes of Indira Awaas Yojana. We also water have been identified
results directly to the state which are going beneath saw an Angandwadi, whose as of now.
MIS, they are unable to do so cesspool of water everywhere floor level had gone below the • Nitrate has also been found
IT IS NOON and we are visit- due to the lack of laptops and and the main pathway sur- ground level, an alarming in 1,809 areas.
ing the water quality testing a good internet connection. rounded by a wide drain of threat due to the upcoming • All such areas sustain about
laboratory of Gaya district in Thus, they send it to the State blackwater. There is also a monsoons. We met an articu- 69,267 habitations with an
Bihar. The lab chemist, one of Lab, the only NABL accredit- huge building, clearly the only late young boy designated estimated population of
the 35 appointed across 35 ed laboratory in the state run pakka structure in the vicini- Vikas Mitra appointed at the 4.56 crore.
districts of Bihar, is showing by a third party. To accom- ty, which is the fluoride treat- panchayat level (with a hand- (Source: www.times-
us the testing equipment for plish all this, the lab has only ment plant set about 8-9 years some salary of Rs. 10,000) nownews.com/mirror-now/in-
fluoride, arsenic, iron and two regular staff including the ago. On the outside of the fluo- mandated to bring benefits of focus/article/1-47-crore-indian-
nitrate contamination in chemist, against the promised ride plant the compound has a 20 odd schemes to the SCs citizens-are-consuming-arsenic-
water. There is also an elabo- eight. Out of the government cesspool of dirty water, and on and STs of his area. We also contaminated-drinking-
rate looking machine to test allocations for PHED budget the inside, there are greyish, heard of a Tola Sevak appoint- water/227740)
bacteriological contamina- (Public Health Engineering muddy looking, three large ed at habitation level to Two days later, upon meet-
tion. With nametags and cloth Department, the nodal barrels through which fluo- encourage children to attend ing senior government offi-
pieces kept over them, some department in charge of water ride is treated in stages. The school. All in all, there are cials, one of them confessed
of them look freshly dusted, quality), 1 percent is supposed person-in-charge of mainte- roughly 10-15 such govern- that the village has a dysfunc-
presumably for the benefit of to be allocated for water qual- nance complains that he has ment-appointed frontline tional fluoride treatment
the visitors. However, most of ity testing, which is rarely the not been paid for over two cadres to look after its citi- plant. They rued the lack of
them are non-functional; just case. Somehow, water quality years now. The chemist also zens. Operation and Maintenance
about 5-6 out of 14 work. The comes at the bottom of the explains how the operator The dance of welfare state systems. They said how their
only functional spectrometer pyramid of priorities stressing himself shows tell-tale signs of was in its full glory. As part of Executive Engineer was sad-
is used for both fluoride and the department. The key to fluoride contamination, his their piped water supply dled with so many burdens
nitrate tests. The apparatus three crucial problems plagu- wiry limbs, and discolored scheme, the Panchayati Raj and how the issue of water
used for bacteriological con- ing the lab - infrastructure, teeth. Department recently dug a quality got affected due to that
tamination breaks down fre- human resources, and instru- We then met the villagers, fresh borewell to install a sys- (pun entirely unintended).
quently, so they can only do an ments and chemicals - lies in mostly men and children tem for easy water access. They asked us, what we pro-
indicative test. Upon investi- governance. inside a half-built community However, villagers claim that posed to do about it and
gation, the chemist recalls The result of this sad state hall, and a few women sitting this was done without testing offered us their help if we
that he joined this lab in 2004 of affairs was revealed later in outside. the water quality, despite the began work there. All I could
and all these instruments the afternoon; when we visit- Eight-year-old Arjun is fact that the region was offi- remember was the silhouette
came prior to that. None of ed a village called Churaman looking at us blankly. As he cially declared fluoride affect- of 18-year-old Mithilesh disap-
them has been either repaired Nagar barely a half an hour steps forward, we notice his ed. Hence, it was exclusively pearing in the dusk with his
or replaced. Chemicals for the drive from the city, lying severely disfigured feet, PHED’s responsibility to bring twisted feet as we set out for
tests are procured centrally under a barren and rocky spread out unevenly. We then safe water to the village. our next destination.
from Patna and are often of hillock. The hamlet has rough- meet Guddu, who cannot tell • Now to put things in a Avinash Kumar is Director
dubious quality. ly around 150 households, all us his age (villagers say he is broader perspective: - Programme, and Policy at
Additionally, there are cost Dalits (consisting of Musahars around 15) with his limbs • A population of 1.47 crore WaterAid India.
implications too. The labora- and Bhuiyans). It is officially twisted and curved in knots. from across 17,000 settle-
tory is allocated Rs. 25 per declared to be fluoride affect- We also meet Mithilesh who is ments is staring at high risk @Avinashkoomar

MARKET
PRE EVENT
BLUETECH FORUM REVEALS TOPWATER TECH
COMPANIES
The global water event is celebrating the theme of managing water risk in the circular
economy and BlueTech Research chief executive Paul O’Callaghan says the chosen
technologies demonstrate major new efficiencies in the way resources are conserved,
captured and repurposed in the treatment plant and the wider infrastructure.
ships and identify potential Forward osmosis technolo- wastewater, destroys chemi-
new partners. I am delighted gies use low-fouling, long-life cal and biological contami-
that we can bring 13 outstand- cellulose membranes to nants, facilitates clean
ing technologies to the event treat the most challenging water recovery and elimi-
and look forward to introduc- wastewaters. nates the need for backwash
ing them to delegates from • Genifuel: Hydrothermal and pre-treatment.
global utilities, industrial end- processing system (HPS) • TECTA-PDS: Markets the
users, and the investment produces biocrude oil and world’s first automated
community.” renewable natural gas microbiological water quali-
The Innovation Showcase (methane) from wastewater, ty monitoring system, which
featured companies are: converting more than 85% considerably lowers the cost
• Aqua Membranes: Uses its of the feedstock carbon to of monitoring.
unique patented 3D-printed renewable fuels. • World Water Works: Has
spacer technology to boost • HYREC: Offers a hybrid FO- developed a wastewater
permeate water flow, OARO (forward osmosis - treatment system that
Genifuel’s Hydrothermal Processing System is One of the Technologies increasing the membrane osmotically assisted reverse increases process through-
Taking Part in BlueTech Forum surface in spiral-wound ele- osmosis) system to treat put and performance
ments and significantly high strength waste streams through the gravimetric
A global event taking place nologies in water and the com- reducing membrane fouling. • IONMR: Has created the selection of dense sludge
in Canada will feature 13 panies chosen to present in • Aquam: Provides technolo- most durable and versatile aggregates with improved
ground-breaking technologies the innovation showcase sign- gies for packaged waste- high-performance anion- settling rates and the pro-
developed for the water sector. post the wider trends,” he said. water treatment plants that exchange membrane ever motion of enhanced biologi-
Digital, biotech, and mem- “I’m delighted that delegates can eliminate sludge, recov- synthesized. cal phosphorus removal.
brane technologies are among will have the opportunity to er energy as direct electrici- • Island Water Technologies: BlueTech Forum takes
the top 13 selected to take part find out first-hand about some ty and enable onsite water Has complete demonstra- place in Vancouver, Canada on
in BlueTech Forum in of the most advanced tech- reuse at significantly lower tion of the world’s first real- 6-7 June 2018.
Vancouver on 6-7 June 2018. nologies in the world. cost than incumbent tech- time bio-electrode sensor BlueTech Research
The global water event is “The companies we have nologies. for the direct monitoring of BlueTech® Research provides
celebrating the theme of man- selected have technologies for • Cerahelix: Has developed a microbial activity in waste- investors, water companies,
aging water risk in the circu- applications as diverse as durable ceramic filter that water treatment systems. researchers and regulators with
lar economy and BlueTech energy recovery, water quality uses DNA to create micro- • Microbe Detectives: Applies the latest information at their
Research chief executive Paul sampling, sludge monitoring pores that can deliver high advanced DNA sequencing fingertips. The company pro-
O’Callaghan says the chosen and ultrafiltration. Uniquely, levels of water quality and to identify and quantify vides clarity and critical analy-
technologies demonstrate the technologies will be pre- lower energy consumption nearly 100% of the microbes sis on emerging water technolo-
major new efficiencies in the sented at separate roundta- in industrial reuse applica- in a sample of water, pro- gy market areas. BlueTech
way resources are conserved, bles where delegates will have tions. vides comprehensive micro- Research maps and analyzes the
captured and repurposed in the opportunity to question • Emagin: Provides water bial evaluations for water water technology innovation
the treatment plant and the the developers face-to-face.” utilities with an operational quality and disease manage- landscape. The company is
wider infrastructure. O’Callaghan added, “The intelligence platform to ment. focused on what is changing and
“BlueTech Research has an intimate setting and collabora- enable smarter manage- • Purifics: Has a proprietary how new approaches, new tech-
unparalleled record in the con- tive atmosphere of BlueTech ment of their critical ceramic ultrafiltration nologies, and new needs are
tinuous tracking of technologi- Forum makes it very easy to processes in real-time. (CUF) membrane technolo- reshaping the water technology
cal trends and emerging tech- form new business relation- • Fluid Technology Solutions: gy which filters water and market.

MARKET
POSTEVENT
IFATGERMANY: THE ENVIRONMENTAL
TECHNOLOGIES ARE BOOMING...
Filtering of microplastics, more effective recycling of plastics and the digital transformation
of the entire industry: for five days, the world’s leading trade fair for environmental
technologies IFAT revolved around the issues of the management of water, sewage, waste and
raw materials management. The industry’s products are in rising demand all over the world.
part of a solution to many of

our environmental chal-
lenges.”
Herwart Wilms, Managing
Director of Remondis SE &
CO KG was one of the indus-
try representatives to appeal
to the public. “Technologies
are ready and on standby. To
achieve a closed raw materi-
als cycle the makers of prod-
ucts now need to significantly
raise their recycling quotas
for raw materials”, he said.
“IFAT PRESENTS THE Environmental Minister Local Authorities and In- 2018 IFAT has addressed countries came to Munich
technologies of the future for Svenja Schulze said what dustry at the Same Level both local authorities and the between May 14 and 18, 2018
the clean environment; many people around the At the same time, repre- industry.” (2016: 136,885 visitors). Above
hence, it is driving the public globe are concerned about. sentatives of the manufactur- Digitally linked pumps, all, this means a rise of IFAT’s
discourse more actively than “We need to use resources ing industry visiting IFAT waste containers with sen- internationality. The highest
ever before. This was reflect- and recycle plastics and other showed a rising interest in sors, autonomous road growth came from (in this
ed in the visits of internation- materials more effectively resource-conserving and effi- sweepers - digital innovation order): Japan, Russia,
al politicians, the numerous and avoid plastic wastes cient methods. “Demand is a feature of many innova- Australia, China and
delegations from all over the being disposed of into the from industry has increased tions at IFAT. The new hall Slovenia. In total, 3,305
world and technology experts environment. It is to avoid significantly”, says Falk Olaf allocation based on the sub- exhibitors from 58 countries
who came to share ideas, unnecessary plastics”. Here, Petersdorf, Managing jects of water/sewage and presented their products and
experiences, and know-how”, technologies have a key role. Director of Xylem Water waste/secondary raw materi- innovations for the booming
says Stefan Rummel, “The IFAT presents smart Solutions Deutschland als was very much appreciat- environmental industry.
Managing Director of Messe and innovative environmental GmbH. IFAT boss Stefan ed. Hence, also the issue of Dr. Johannes F. Kirchhoff,
München. “The fair displays technologies that are already Rummel is convinced: “The drinking water is now firmly Chairman of the IFAT
the significance of the indus- established in Munich. Udo Advisory Board and
try and the issue: the number Jirmann, Managing Director Managing Director of
of exhibitors rose by 7 per- of Georg Fischer GmbH puts KIRCHHOFF Group drew a
cent to 3,305, the number of it like this: “Now, IFAT has positive conclusion: “The
visitors by 4 percent to more also become the world’s lead- 2018 IFAT is another impres-
than 141,000.” ing trade fair for drinking sive example of an excellent
water; the record figures platform for municipal and
Consumers Drive the In- achieved reflect its impor- private disposal companies as
dustry tance for the environmental well as the water, sewage,
It is above all the con- industry.” waste and raw material
sumers’ rising awareness and industry.”
their demand for sustainabili- 2018 IFAT: Figures The next IFAT takes place
ty that make the industry More than 141,000 expert in Munich from May 4 to 8,
boom. German Federal visitors from more than 160 2020.

PROJECTS TRACKER
Water Treatment First as Scottish Water Trials Nyex

• First major drinking water pilot for Arvia’s Nyex treatment system
• Trials assess effectiveness on hard-to-treat organics in raw water
• The tertiary treatment combines oxidation and adsorption to eliminate waste
process that has many poten- are delighted to be taking this

tial applications in water and pilot project to a scaled-up
wastewater processing. In level, which is the first long-
municipal water applications, term drinking water applica-
the main advantage of Arvia’s tion for Nyex since approval
Nyex over granular activated by the Drinking Water
carbon (GAC) filters is the Inspectorate (DWI). The pilot
elimination of waste - cutting will assess the effectiveness
the cost of having to dispose of on a range of flow and current
waste solids to landfill. parameters and locate the
The Scottish Water trial is technology at different posi-
focused on establishing tions in the treatment train,
whether Nyex could have an including before and after
application on the hard-to- pre-treatment.”
treat water with a high con- Allan Mason, Senior
tent of organic material, due Project Manager for business
to the impact this can have on excellence at Scottish Water,
drinking water treatment. said, “Research and innova-
Containerized Nyex Treatment System Onsite at Pateshill Water

Treatment Works Nyex Process Tank Within the
Container
SCOTTISH WATER IS set to water treatment works at
undertake the world’s first Pateshill, will assess the effec- and I am very excited to see if
long-term trial of Arvia’s Nyex tiveness of the system in The Scottish Water trial is focused we can replicate and sustain
treatment system on drinking removing organic material on establishing whether Nyex performance on a larger scale.
water at a specially estab- from raw water. “If it performs well during
lished pilot plant in West Nyex is a tertiary treat- could have an application on the this pilot, it could potentially
Lothian. The trial, which will ment system which combines hard-to-treat water with a high offer us another method for
run separately to the existing adsorption with oxidation in a treating drinking water in an
content of organic material, due to efficient and cost-effective
the impact this can have on manner which continues to
meet the high standards of
drinking water treatment. Bench service we aim to provide to
trials have shown the Arvia system our customers.”
could remove 68 percent of organic

material from water, with the new
pilot set to test the treatment on a
larger scale to see if these results
can be replicated and sustained.
Bench trials have shown the tion is key to Scottish Water
Arvia system could remove 68 being able to improve its
percent of organic material water and wastewater servic-
from water, with the new pilot es and ensure we are operat-
set to test the treatment on a ing as efficiently as possible,
larger scale to see if these even in the most remote of our
results can be replicated and communities. The bench trials
sustained. of the Arvia system produced Water Samples from Before and
The Scaled-up Treatment System is the First Long-Term Drinking Water Arvia Project Manager some excellent results on a After Treatment on the
Application for Nyex Following DWI Approval. Akmez Nabeerasool said, “We difficult-to-treat raw water Laboratory-Scale Nyex System

PROJECTS TRACKER NAMAMI GANGE
The Government Hopes to Clean 70-80% of River

Ganga byMarch 2019: Nitin Gadkari
“WE HOPE TO clean 70 to 80 grated Ganga Conservation completed which has created
percent Ganga by March 2019. Mission is an umbrella pro- 217 MLD STP capacity, reha- NWIC Setup as a Single Window Source of Updated
251 Gross Polluting Industries gramme with the aim to inte- bilitated 62 MLD STP capaci- Data on Water Resources
(GPI) have been closed and grate previous, currently ty and 1879.5 km of sewer net- Consequent upon approval of the Cabinet, National
closure directions have been ongoing and new projects work has been laid. Presently, Water Informatics Centre (NWIC) has recently been creat-
issued to noncomplying planned as part of the pro- 45 sewage infrastructure proj- ed by Ministry of Water Resources, River Development and
GPIs”. This was stated by gramme at an indicative cost ects are under execution. Ganga Rejuvenation at New Delhi. NWIC would be a repos-
Union Minister for Water of Rs. 20,000 crore. The pro- These projects envisage creat- itory of nation-wide water resources data and would work
Resources, River gramme is to be implemented ing 841 MLD sewage treat- as a Subordinate Office under the Ministry of Water
Development and Ganga over a period of five years end- ment capacities. Another 33 Resources, River Development, and Ganga Rejuvenation.
Rejuvenation, Nitin Gadkari ing on December 2020. projects are under various Besides, the center will also collaborate with leading
while addressing a press con- Under Namami Gange pro- stages of tendering. In a para- research institutes nationally as well as internationally to
ference recently. gramme, a total of 195 projects digm shift in sewage sector in provide technical support to other central and state organ-
The minister said that real- have been sanctioned for vari- the past one year, works on izations dealing with water, emergency response for hydro-
time monitoring of pollutions ous activities such as sewage two STP projects (50 MLD in logical extremes.
Varanasi and 82 MLD in
Haridwar) have been started
Prime Minister of Netherlands Inaugurates Indo- under Hybrid Annuity PPP Quality Monitoring Station have been sanctioned out of
Dutch Ganga Forum in New Delhi mode (HAM). (RTWQMS) are operational which 13 have been completed
Prime Minister of Netherlands Mark Rutte inaugurated under Namami Gange pro- and in 18 work is under
the Indo-Dutch Ganga Forum to take forward the Initiatives Taken by NMCG gramme to keep water quality progress.
Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) signed between the Among some of the new check. In Uttar Pradesh, 30 proj-
Ministry of Water Resources, River Development and initiatives that have been 11 trash skimmers have ects have been sanctioned out
Ganga Rejuvenation, Government of India and the Ministry taken by National Mission for been deployed at Haridwar, of which eight projects have
of Infrastructure & Environment of the Netherlands in June Clean Ganga are “One City Garh Mukhteshwar, Kanpur, been completed and work is
last year. Addressing the gathering, Mr. Rutte appreciated One Operator” as part of Varanasi, Allahabad, Patna, under progress on nine proj-
the efforts being made under Namami Gange programme which STPs in 7 towns Sahibganj, Nabadwip, ects. Three tenders are under
and acknowledged the vastness of the task at hand. He said (Kanpur, Allahabad, Mathura, Howrah, Delhi and Mathura- evaluation and 10 under ten-
that local governments, the financial sector, and the private Patna, Kolkata, Howrah-Bally, Vrindavan. dering.
sector, as well as communities, will need to join hands with Bhagalpur) are being integrat- Five crore plants are being In Bihar, 20 projects have
the Indian and the Netherlands governments. The ed and tendered with Hybrid planted along Ganga basin as been sanctioned out of which
Netherlands government also shared the experiences of Annuity based projects. The part of the afforestation drive work is under progress on 10
their collaboration with Uttar Pradesh government to focus under Namami Gange involving an amount of Rs. 112 projects while 4 are under
reduce water consumption and employ cleaner technolo- programme has been on 10 crores intended for prevent- evaluation and 6 under ten-
gies in tanneries in Kanpur. major towns contributing ing erosion of soil and ground- dering.
almost 64% of total sewage water recharge in the Ganga In Jharkhand, two projects
discharge. basin. are under progress in
is being done in 938 indus- infrastructure, ghats and cre- 44 Real-Time Water In Uttarakhand, 31 projects Sahibganj where a 12 MLD
tries. 211 main ‘Nallas’ have matoria development, river- STP, 55 km Sewer are being
been identified which are front development, river sur- constructed. The project is
causing pollution in Ganga face cleaning, institutional GIS Technology to Strengthen Namami Gange Pro- likely to be completed by
and 20 modular STPs are development, biodiversity gramme December 2018. Another proj-
being deployed to treat Nalla conservation, afforestation, National Mission for Clean Ganga has brought on board ect in Rajmahal is creation of
water. rural sanitation, and public Survey of India, the oldest scientific department in the 3.5 MLD STP, 34 km sewer
Addressing this press con- participation. country set up in 1767, to facilitate the Ganga rejuvenation has been awarded and likely
ference, Union Minister for 102 projects out of 195 were task by using Geographic Information System (GIS) tech- to be completed by June 2019.
Drinking Water and sanctioned for the creation of nology. Through the project which has been approved in the In West Bengal, there are
Sanitation Uma Bharti said 2369 MLD new sewage treat- EC meeting at an estimated cost of Rs. 86.84 crore, NMCG 15 projects that have been
that almost all the 4470 vil- ment plants (STPs), rehabili- aims to strengthen planning and implementation at nation- sanctioned out of which two
lages on the bank of Ganga are tation of 887 MLD of existing al/state/local levels. The project includes the use of Digital have been completed; work is
now Open Defecation Free STPs and laying/rehabilita- Elevation Model (DEM) technology which ensures accurate under progress on four proj-
(ODF) and now we are work- tion of 4722 km sewer network data collection, an important aspect of river basin manage- ects while four others are
ing on the strategy of ODF for abatement of pollution in ment planning. The use of GIS technology for Namami under tendering. For five proj-
plus. river Ganga and Yamuna. Till Gange programme will also ensure decentralization. ects tenders have to be float-
Namami Gange an inte- date 24 projects have been ed.

REGD.NO.MCS/219/2018-20, PUBLISHED ON 5TH OF EVERY MONTH & POSTED AT MUMBAI PATRIKA CHANNEL
SORTING OFFICE, DUE DATE 07, 08 & 09 OF EVERY MONTH, REGD. WITH RNI UNDER NO. MAHENG/2017/74894

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CONTENTS

Vol 01 No 7 June 2018 Pages60 TECH UPDATE

Viveck Goenka DESIGN WATER

Pravin Temble THREE DECADES IN

Rekha Bisht 37 CUTTER CLEARS CLOGS

The Seawater Desalination

Head of Internet LEAD IN DRINKING WATER:

B R Tipnis INTERVIEW SMART WATER

4 June, 2018 EXPRESS WATER

The Seawater Desalination - Dream Coming True?

HEAD OFFICE - MUMBAI Important:Whilst care is

6 June, 2018 EXPRESS WATER

BASFand Solenis to Join Forces byCombining ANDRITZto Refurbish Dewatering

8 June, 2018 EXPRESS WATER

SPMLInfra Declares Profit of INR 431.16 Million in Financial Results

10 June, 2018 EXPRESS WATER

Singapore’s Advanced Wastewater Treatment Technologies Wins Global Recognition

EW Staff validate and set new stan- results of harnessing

12 June, 2018 EXPRESS WATER

Sulzer Awarded Large Pumps Orders from GE Power India Limited

EW Staff Included in the orders are assembled, and packaged in

EXPRESS WATER June, 2018 13

14 June, 2018 EXPRESS WATER

Vietnam's Key Water Challenges

EXPRESS WATER June, 2018 15

16 June, 2018 EXPRESS WATER

SUEZ First-Quarter 2018 Results Fully in

EXPRESS WATER June, 2018 17

Ozwater Stirs Strong Interest in High-Performance Grit

18 June, 2018 EXPRESS WATER

Toshiba’s Commitment to the Development of Water

EXPRESS WATER June, 2018 19

GWE Waste-to-Energy Plant Shows Food and Beverage

20 June, 2018 EXPRESS WATER

Anglian Water Awards Standpipe Management to Aquam

EXPRESS WATER June, 2018 21

Design Water Treatment Systems in an

22 June, 2018 EXPRESS WATER

EXPRESS WATER June, 2018 23

Desalination: AGame of Energy,

24 June, 2018 EXPRESS WATER

EXPRESS WATER June, 2018 25

We are Creating a NewIDA...A

26 June, 2018 EXPRESS WATER

EXPRESS WATER June, 2018 27

Last year, seawater desalination

28 June, 2018 EXPRESS WATER

The Future of Desalination & Total Water

EXPRESS WATER June, 2018 29

Towards a Sustainable Solution to

30 June, 2018 EXPRESS WATER

ment to build one of the

EXPRESS WATER June, 2018 31

I Have Learned from MyExperiences in

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EXPRESS WATER June, 2018 33

SAVING ENERGYONLYWORKS IFITIS EASY

its PumpMeter (Figure 1). A flashing EFF (energy

34 June, 2018 EXPRESS WATER

at any time,” states project ciency optimization and main-