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    9.1 - The First Condition For Equilibrium - Physics

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    The document discusses the conditions for equilibrium. The first condition is that the net external force on the system must be zero (F=0). This means that the net external forces in all directions, such as along the x and y axes, must equal zero. However, having zero net force is not sufficient for equilibrium - the points where the forces are applied must also be considered. Two examples are given where the net force is zero but only one is in equilibrium, due to the point of application of the forces. Two additional types of equilibrium are defined: static equilibrium where there is no motion, and dynamic equilibrium where there is constant velocity but no acceleration.

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    9.1 - The First Condition For Equilibrium - Physics

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    Sghdh
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    The document discusses the conditions for equilibrium. The first condition is that the net external force on the system must be zero (F=0). This means that the net external forces in all directions, such as along the x and y axes, must equal zero. However, having zero net force is not sufficient for equilibrium - the points where the forces are applied must also be considered. Two examples are given where the net force is zero but only one is in equilibrium, due to the point of application of the forces. Two additional types of equilibrium are defined: static equilibrium where there is no motion, and dynamic equilibrium where there is constant velocity but no acceleration.

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    Physics

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    9.1_ the First Condition for Equilibrium - Physics

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    The document discusses the conditions for equilibrium. The first condition is that the net external force on the system must be zero (F=0). This means that the net external forces in all directions, such as along the x and y axes, must equal zero. However, having zero net force is not sufficient for equilibrium - the points where the forces are applied must also be considered. Two examples are given where the net force is zero but only one is in equilibrium, due to the point of application of the forces. Two additional types of equilibrium are defined: static equilibrium where there is no motion, and dynamic equilibrium where there is constant velocity but no acceleration.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    154 views3 pages

    9.1 - The First Condition For Equilibrium - Physics

    Uploaded by

    Sghdh
    The document discusses the conditions for equilibrium. The first condition is that the net external force on the system must be zero (F=0). This means that the net external forces in all directions, such as along the x and y axes, must equal zero. However, having zero net force is not sufficient for equilibrium - the points where the forces are applied must also be considered. Two examples are given where the net force is zero but only one is in equilibrium, due to the point of application of the forces. Two additional types of equilibrium are defined: static equilibrium where there is no motion, and dynamic equilibrium where there is constant velocity but no acceleration.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 3

    9.

    1: THE FIRST CONDITION FOR EQUILIBRIUM


    Contributed by OpenStax
    General Physics at OpenStax CNX

    The first condition necessary to achieve equilibrium is the one already mentioned: the net external force on the system
    must be zero. Expressed as an equation, this is simply

    net F = 0 (9.1.1)

    Note that if net F is zero, then the net external force in any direction is zero. For example, the net external forces along
    the typical x- and y-axes are zero. This is written as

    net Fx and Fy = 0 (9.1.2)

    Figuress 9.1.1  and 9.1.2  illustrate situations where net F = 0 for both static equilibrium (motionless), and dynamic
    equilibrium (constant velocity).

    Figure 9.1.1 : This motionless person is in static equilibrium. The forces acting on him add up to zero. Both forces are
    vertical in this case.
    Figure 9.1.2 : This car is in dynamic equilibrium because it is moving at constant velocity. There are horizontal and vertical
    forces, but the net external force in any direction is zero. The applied force F
    appbetween the tires and the road is balanced by
    air friction, and the weight of the car is supported by the normal forces, here shown to be equal for all four tires.

    However, it is not sufficient for the net external force of a system to be zero for a system to be in equilibrium. Consider
    the two situations illustrated in Figures 9.1.3 and 9.1.4 where forces are applied to an ice hockey stick lying flat on ice. The
    net external force is zero in both situations shown in the figure; but in one case, equilibrium is achieved, whereas in the
    other, it is not. In Figure 9.1.3, the ice hockey stick remains motionless. But in Figure 9.1.4, with the same forces applied in
    different places, the stick experiences accelerated rotation. Therefore, we know that the point at which a force is applied
    is another factor in determining whether or not equilibrium is achieved. This will be explored further in the next section.

    Figure 9.1.3 : An ice hockey stick lying flat on ice with two equal and opposite horizontal forces applied to it. Friction is
    negligible, and the gravitational force is balanced by the support of the ice (a normal force). Thus, net F = 0 . Equilibrium is
    achieved, which is static equilibrium in this case.
    Figure 9.1.4 :The same forces are applied at other points and the stick rotates—in fact, it experiences an accelerated
    rotation. Here net F = 0 but the system is not at equilibrium. Hence, the net F = 0 is a necessary—but not sufficient—
    condition for achieving equilibrium.

    PHET EXPLORATIONS: TORQUE


    Investigate how torque causes an object to rotate. Discover the relationships between angular acceleration, moment
    of inertia, angular momentum and torque.

    SUMMARY
    Statics is the study of forces in equilibrium.
    Two conditions must be met to achieve equilibrium, which is defined to be motion without linear or rotational
    acceleration.
    The first condition necessary to achieve equilibrium is that the net external force on the system must be zero, so that
    F = 0.

    GLOSSARY
    static equilibrium
    a state of equilibrium in which the net external force and torque acting on a system is zero

    dynamic equilibrium
    a state of equilibrium in which the net external force and torque on a system moving with constant velocity are zero

    CONTRIBUTORS
    Paul Peter Urone (Professor Emeritus at California State University, Sacramento) and Roger Hinrichs (State University
    of New York, College at Oswego) with Contributing Authors: Kim Dirks (University of Auckland) and Manjula Sharma
    (University of Sydney).  This work is licensed by OpenStax University Physics under a  Creative Commons Attribution
    License (by 4.0).

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