[SINGLE CORRECT CHOICE TYPE]

Q.1 Given a2 + 2a + cosec2

FG  (a  x)IJ = 0 then, which of the following holds good?
H2 K
x x
(A) a = 1 ; I (B*) a = –1 ; I
2 2
(C) a  R ; x  (D) a , x are finite but not possible to find

[Sol. (a+1)2 + cosec2

FG a  x IJ – 1 = 0
H2 2K
or (a+1)2 + cot2
FG a  x IJ = 0
H2 2K
   x   x 
from option [B] If a = –1 and cot2    = 0 tan2   = 0
 2 2   2 

 = I. Ans.]

 5 7 , then N is equal to

2
If N  2
log70 9800 log70 140 log70 2
Q.2

   
(A) 20 (B) 60 (C) 18 (D*) 40

[Sol.
 2log70 (70) 2 2   5log70 702  7 log70 2
N=   = 2 2  log70 2 51  log70 2 7 log70 2   
 
 
= 20 2  5  7  log 70 2 = 20 70log70 2 = 20 × 2 = 40. Ans.]

2 4 8 2 4 8
Q.3 If A = sin + sin + sin and B = cos + cos + cos then A 2  B 2 is equal to
7 7 7 7 7 7
(A) 1 (B*) 2 (C) 2 (D) 3
 2 4 6   1
[Sol. A2 + B2 = 3 + 2 cos  cos  cos  = 3 + 2   = 2  A 2  B2 = 2]
 7 7 7  2
tan 70  tan 20  2 tan 40
Q.4 The exact value of the expression , is
tan 10
(A) 2 (B*) 4 (C) 6 (D) 8
[Sol. N = cot 20° – tan 20° – 2 tan 40°
r

= 2 cot 40° – 2 tan 40°

= 4 cot 80° = 4 tan 10°
4 tan 10
 E= = 4 Ans. ]
tan 10
 
log q log q r

log p
log q p 
  3
 6 6 6 ...... 
Q.5 The expression q   simplified to
(A) p (B) q (C*) r (D) 3
 
    = log r
log q log q r
log q p log p log q r
[Sol. Clearly, p =p q
PAGE # 1
 and let y = 6  6  6  ..... , y > 0  y = 6  y  y2 = 6 + y
 y2 – y – 6 = 0  (y – 3) (y + 2) = 0
But y > 0, so y = 3.
 Given expression log3 (logqr)
log log r 
3 3 q log r 
=q = q q = r . Ans.]

Q.6 If sin x + sin y + sin z = 0 = cos x + cos y + cos z

then the expression, cos( – x) + cos( – y) + cos( – z), for  R is
(A) independent of  but dependent on x, y, z
(B) dependent on  but independent of x, y, z
(C) dependent on x, y, z and 
(D*) independent of x, y, z and 
[Sol. cos   cos x  + sin   sin x  = 0  (D) ]

Q.7 The value of x satisfying the equation, x = 2  2  2  x is

(A) 2 cos 10° (B) 2 cos 20° (C*) 2 cos 40° (D) 2 cos 80°
[Sol. Note that x  [–2, 2] for x to be real
Let x = 2 cos  where   [0, ] [Note : x + 2  0 and 2 – 2  x  0  x  [–2, 2] ]
x= 2  2  2  2 cos 

     
2 cos  = 2  2  2 cos = 2  21  cos  = 2  2 sin = 2  2 cos  
2  2 4  2 4

      
= 21  cos    = 4 cos 2   
  2 4  4 8

     9  2
2 cos  = 2 cos    ;  =   =  =
 4 8 4 8 8 4 9
2
Hence x = 2 cos = 2 cos 40°  (C) Ans. ]
9
Q.8 If A, B, C and D denotes the interior angles of a quadrilateral then

 tan A   tan A
(A)
 cot A (B*)  tan A   tan A   cot A 
(C)  cot A   tan A   tan A (D)  tan A   tan A   cot A
S1  S3
[Sol: tan(A + B + C + D) = 1  S  S ( A + B + C + D = 360°)
2 4
S1 = S 3
tanA + tanB + tanC + tanD =  tan A cot A   B]
ln ln 3 
Q.9 The value of e is equal to
e

(A) 1 (B) 0 (C*) 3 (D) ln 3

PAGE # 2
[Sol. Clearly,
ln ln 3 
ee = eln 3 = 3. Ans.]

Q.10 Let y = cos x (cos x  cos 3 x) . Then y is :

(A)  0 only when x  0 (B)  0 for all real x
(C*)  0 for all real x (D)  0 only when x  0

cos 20  8 sin 70 sin 50 sin 10

Q.11 is equal to :
sin 280
(A) 1 (B*) 2 (C) 3/4 (D) none
[Sol. Nr. = cos200 + 4(cos200 – cos1200) sin100
= cos200 + 2 (sin300 – sin100 ) – 4 (–1/2) sin100
= 1 + cos200 = 2 cos2100  2cos2100/sin2800 = 2]

Q.12 Let  = 19  8 3  7  4 3 and  = 83  18 2  6  4 2 , then log2   lies in the

interval
 1   1
(A) ( – 2, – 1) (B*)  , 0  (C) (0, 1) (D)   1, 
 2   2 
[Sol.    
 = 4  3 + 2  3 = 6 and  = 9  2 – 2  2 = 7.    
 6
 log2   = log2  
 7
1 6
As,   1  ns.]
2 7

Q.13 The value of log2 [cos2 ( + ) + cos2 ()  cos 2 . cos 2] :
(A) depends on  and  both (B) depends on  but not on 
(C) depends on  but not on  (D*) independent of both  and  .
[Sol. log2 [cos2 ( + ) + cos2 ()  cos 2 . cos 2]
log2 [cos2 ( + ) + cos2 () cos 2( . cos 2(a–]
log2 [cos2 ( + ) + cos2 () 2cos2 (– 1 +2cos2(––1}]
log2[2] = 1 ]

Q.14 In a triangle ABC, 3 sin A + 4 cos B = 6 and 3 cos A + 4 sin B = 1 then C can be
(A*) 30° (B) 60° (C) 90° (D) 150°
[Sol. Square and adding
9 + 16 + 24 sin(A + B) = 37
24 sin(A + B) = 12
1 1
sin (A + B) =  sin C =
2 2
C = 30° or 150°
if C = 150° then even of B = 0 and A = 30°
the quantity 3 sin A + 4 cos B

PAGE # 3
 1 1
3·
+4=5 <6
2 2
hence C = 150° is not possible   C = 30° only Ans. ]

Q.15 The value of log 2  3 2  5  3 2  5  is equal to

 
1
(A) 1 (B*) 0 (C) (D) log23 [3]
2

[Sol.
3 

Let x =  2  5  2  5   x3 = 2  5  2  5 – 3x

3
   
 x3 = 4 – 3x x3 + 3x – 4 = 0  (x – 1) ( x 2  x  4) = 0

Discriminant ( D ) 0

 x=1
Now, log101 = 0 Ans.]

Q.16 The graphs of y = sin x, y = cos x, y = tan x and y = cosec x are drawn on the same axes from 0 to
/2. A vertical line is drawn through the point where the graphs of y = cos x and y = tan x cross,
intersecting the other two graphs at points A and B. The length of the line segment AB is:
5 1
(A*) 1 (B)
2
5 1
(C) 2 (D) B
2 tan x
[Sol. Given tan x = cos x 1
or sin x = cos2x = 1 – sin2x ....(1) 1/2 sin x
A
1  sin 2 x
cos x
now, cosec x – sin x = = 1 (from (1) ) ]
sin x
/4 1 /2

Q.17 As shown in the figure AD is the altitude on BC and AD

produced meets the circumcircle of ABC at P where
DP = x. Similarly EQ = y and FR = z. If a, b, c respectively
a b c
denotes the sides BC, CA and AB then  
2 x 2 y 2z
has the value equal to
(A*) tanA + tanB + tanC (B) cotA + cotB + cotC
(C) cosA + cosB + cosC (D) cosecA + cosecB + cosecC
[Hint: BD = x tanC in PDB
and DC = x tanB for PDC
 BD + DC = a = x ( tanB + tanC)
a
= tanB + tanC
x
 result ]

PAGE # 4
  
1 1

 

log a 2 3  3 1 
log b  
 1
Q.18 If a, b are co-prime numbers and satisfying 2  3  3 1 
= ,
12
then (a + b) can be is equal to
(A) 13 (B) 5 (C*) 7 (D) 8

 
1 1
[Sol. As,  = log 2 a  log b
log a 2  3  3 1  3 3 1
log b  

3 1
 3  1 
= log 2 a  log b  log (ab)
3 2 3 2 3

  1
  1
 1 
 2 3
log 2  3  
Now, 2  3
log ( ab )
2 3 =  ab  =
12 12
1 1
   ab = 12
ab 12
As a, b are co-prime numbers, so either a = 4, b = 3 or a = 3, b = 4.
Hence , (a + b) = 7. Ans.]

Q.19 The maximum value of ( 7 cos + 24 sin) × ( 7 sin – 24 cos) for every   R .
625 625
(A) 25 (B) 625 (C*) (D)
2 4
[Sol. y = ( 7 cos + 24 sin) × ( 7 sin – 24 cos)
r cos  = 7 ; r sin  = 24
24
r2 = 625 ; tan  =
7
y = r cos ( – ) . r sin ( – )
r2 r2
= . 2 sin ( – ) cos ( – ) = . (sin2( – ) )
2 2
25 2 625
ymax =  ]
2 2

Q.20 If cos ( + ) = m cos (), then tan  is equal to

 1  m  1  m  1  m  1  m
(A)   tan  (B)   tan  (C*)   cot  (D)   cot 
 1  m  1  m  1  m  1  m

cos(  )
[Sol. m
cos(  )
Applying componendo and dividendo
m 1 2 cos  cos 

m  1  2 sin  sin 

1 m 
tan =   cot  ]
 m 1

PAGE # 5
 
Q.21 Let ABC be a triangle such that ABC = and let a, b and c denote the lengths of the sides opposite
2

to A, B and C respectively. The value of loga  

b  c  log 
a
b  c  
log 2 ( b  c)
 log (a 2 )
4
is equal to
(A) (B) a (C*) 2 (D) 3
   
abc
[Sol. We have loga b  c  log a b  c + loga(b + c) = loga(b – c) + loga(b + c)
= loga –
(b2 c2) =
loga = 2 a2
[As: b = a + c (given)]
2 2 2 ]
x2
Q.22 For every x  R the value of the expression y = + x cos x + cos 2x is never less than
8
(A*) – 1 (B) 0 (C) 1 (D) 2
x2
[Sol. y= + x cos x + 2cos2x – 1
8
1 2
= [x + 8x cos x + 16 cos2x] – 1
8
( x  4 cos x ) 2
= –1  (A) ]
8

 
Q.23 The value of cosec – 3 sec 18 is a
18
(A) surd (B) rational which is not integral
(C) negative natural number (D*) natural number

1  3 
2  cos  sin 
1 3 2 18 2 18 
sin  9
[Sol.  =
sin  / 18 cos  / 18
2

    
4 sin cos  cos sin 
 6 18 6 18 
= = 4 Ans ]

sin
9

If 2(log2 3)  3(log3 2) then the value of x is equal to

x
Q.24
x

1 1 1 1
(A*) (B) (C) (D)
2 4 3 6

2 2 3 3
(log 2) x
[Sol. (log 3) x

Taking log to the base 2 on both the sides, we get

(log23)x · log22 = (log32)x log23
(log 2 3) x 1
(log23)x – 1 = (log32)x  =1
(log3 2) x
PAGE # 6
 (log23)2x – 1 = 1 = (log23)0
1
 2x – 1 = 0  x= Ans.]
2

9 x 2 sin 2 x  4
Q.25 The minimum value of the expression for x  (0, ) is
x sin x
16 8
(A) (B) 6 (C*) 12 (D)
3 3
4
[Sol. E = 9x sin x + [note that x sin x > 0 in (0, ) ]
x sin x

 
2
2
E =  3 x sin x   + 12
 x sin x 
 Emin = 12 which occurs when 3 x sin x = 2  x sin x = 2/3]

log x
log 2 2
log2 2 2
log2 2
log 2 2
Q.26 The value of x satisfying the equation 2 = 5, is
(A) 5 (B) 16 (C*) 25 (D) 32
[Sol. Using a
loga N
= N repeatedly, we get  2 log 2 x
= 5  2log 2 x
=5

 x = 5  x = 25. Ans.]

Q.27 If A and B are complimentary angles, then

 A  B  A  B
(A*) 1  tan   1  tan  = 2 (B)  1  cot   1  cot  = 2
 2  2  2  2

 A  B
(C) 1  sec   1  cos ec  = 2
A B
(D) 1  tan   1  tan  = 2
 2  2  2  2

A  B
[Sol. A = /2 – B   
2 4 2
1  tan B / 2 2
Hence 1 + tanA/2 = 1 + = Hence A is correct ]
1  tan B / 2 1  tan B
2

Q.28 For each natural number k , let Ck denotes the circle with radius k centimeters and centre at the origin.
On the circle Ck , a particle moves k centimeters in the counter- clockwise direction. After completing its
motion on Ck , the particle moves to Ck+1 in the radial direction. The motion of the particle continues in
this manner .The particle starts at (1, 0).If the particle crosses the positive direction of the x- axis for the
first time on the circle Cn then n equal to
(A) 6 (B*) 7 (C) 8 (D) 9
[Hint: Total distance travelled = 35 cm; displacement at the instant it crosses the +ve x-axis first time is 6cm ]
Angular displacement on each circle is 1 radian.]

PAGE # 7
      
2 2 2
 log p    log p    log p 
 a   b   c 
 b   c   a 
Q.29 The expression , wherever defined, simplifies to
 
2
 log p  log p  log p 
 a b c 
 b c a 

(A*) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

 
 
2
1 1
[Sol. T1 =  log a p  = = 2 ; logpa = x ; logpb = y and logpc = z
   a 
2
(log a )  (log b )
 b   log p  p p
 b
1 1 1
 T1 = ; |||ly T2 = 2 and T3 =
( x  y)2 ( y  z) (z  y)2

1 1 1
 
( x  y) 2
( y  z) 2
(z  x ) 2
Hence E = = 1 Ans.]
 1 1 
2
1
   
 xy yz zx


100
1
Q.30 The value of is equal to
k 1 cos x  cos(2k  1) x
(A*) sin 100x sec101x  (cosec 2x ) (B) cos100x sin 101x  (cosec 2 x )
(C) sin 101x  (sec100x ) (cosec 2x ) (D) (sin 100x ) sin 101x  (cosec 2x )
1 sin k  1) x  kx  1
sin x 2cos(k  1) x cos kx  2 sin x
[Sol. Tk = · = [tan(k + 1)x – tan kx]

1
T1 = [tan 2x – tan x]
2 sin x
  
1
Tn = [tan(n + 1)x – tan nx]
2 sin x
—————————————
1 1  sin nx  sin nx
2 sin x  cos( n  1) x cos x   sin 2 x cos(n  1) x 
 
Sum = [tan(n + 1)x – tan x] = =
2 sin x
= sin nx  sec(n  1) x  (cosec 2x ) Ans.]

FG  IJ FG1 cos 3 IJ FG1  cos 5 IJ FG1  cos 7 IJ is

Q.31 The value of 1  cosH 9 KH 9K H 9K H 9K
9 10 12 5
(A*) (B) (C) (D)
16 16 16 16

PAGE # 8
 3 3
[Sol. E= (1 + cos200) (1 + cos1000) (1 + cos1400) = 2 cos2100 . 2cos2500 . 2 cos2700
2 2
3 9
= 12(cos100 cos500 cos700)2 = 12 × = Ans ]f
64 16

Q.32 The average of the numbers

n sin n° for n = 2, 4, 6, ...... 180
1
(A) 1 (B*) cot 1° (C) tan 1° (D)
2
[Sol. S = 2 sin 2° + 4 sin 4° + ...... 178 sin178 + 180 sin 180°
S = 2[sin 2° + 2 sin 4° + 3 sin 6° ........... + 89 sin 178° ]
S = 2[89 sin 178° + 88 sin 176° + ..........+ 1 · sin 2° ] (converting in reverse order)
————————————————————
2S = 2[90(sin 2° + sin 4° + sin 6° + ...... + sin 178°)]

 n 
sin  
 2   (n  1)  90 sin(89)
S = 90 ·  sin  2  = sin 1
·sin 90 ( = 2°)
sin  
2
S = 90 cot 1°
90 cot 1
average value = = cot 1° Ans. ]
90

Q.33 If x1 and x2 are the value of x satisfying the equation x2 – 4x + 1 = 0 where x1 > x2 then the value of
 
log x  x1 x1 x1 x1.......  is equal to

 
2

 1
(A) (B*) – 1 (C) (D) – 2
2 2
[Sol.rj x – 4x + 1 = 0
2

x1 = 2 + 3
x2 = 2 – 3
 
Let  x 1 x 1 x 1 x 1 .......  =y 

x1 y = y
 
 y = x1
 
log x  x1 x1 x1 x1.......  = log
 2  3 = – 1. Ans.]
2
 
2 3

Q.34 The range of k for which the inequality k cos2x – k cos x + 1  0  x  (– , ), is
1 1 1
(A) k < (B) k > 4 (C*) k  4 (D) k  5
2 2 2

PAGE # 9
[Sol. We have k cos2x – k cosx + 1  0  x  (– , )
 k(cos2x – cos x) + 1  0
1 2 1 1
But cos2x – cos x = (cos x – ) –  – cos2x – cosx 2
2 4 4
k
 We have 2k + 1  0 and  + 1 0
4
1
Hence – k  4 Ans. ]
2

Q.35 The number of value(s) of x satisfying the equation

log ln x 
4 2  1  l n 3 x  3 ln 2 x  5 ln x  7  0
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C*) 2 (D) 3
[Sol.SKV (lnx) – 1 + (lnx –1) (ln x – 2lnx – 7) = 0
2 2

(ln x – 1) [(ln x + 1) + (ln2x – 2 ln x – 7)] = 0

 ln x = 1; ln x = –2; ln x = 3
But ln x = 1 & ln x = 3 are acceptable only
 x = e & x = e3 Ans.]
 A  B
Q.36 In a triangle ABC, C = . If tan   and tan   are the roots of the equation
2 2 2
ax2 + bx + c = 0 (a  0) then
(A*) a + b = c (B) b + c = a (C) a + c = b (D) b = c
A  B b A  B c
[Hint: tan   + tan   = – ; tan   · tan   = [JEE '99, 2 + 2]
2 2 a 2 2 a A
AB
A + B = 90°  = 45° (as C = 90°)
2
b
 B C
AB c b
a ; 1    ; a – c = – b ; a + b = c Ans. ]
tan   =1=
 2  c a a
1
a

 
2
 2
2  1  sin
l n ex
Q.37 The number of solutions of the equation    7
2 is equal to
  e    
 l n  
2   sin  cos 
 x   7 7
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C*) 2 (D) 3

  
2
 sin  cos 
 1  2 ln | x | 
2

7 7
[Sol.skv  
 1  2 ln | x |    
2
 sin  cos 
 7 7

 1  2 ln | x | 
2
   1
 1  2 ln | x | 
PAGE # 10
 1  2 ln | x |
=±1  1 + 2 ln | x | = 1 – 2 ln | x |  4 ln | x | = 0  x = 1  x = 1 or – 1
1  2 ln | x |
1 + 2 ln | x | = – 1 + 2ln | x |
No solution from here. ]

Q.38 If (1 + tan 5°)(1 + tan 10°)(1 + tan 15°).................(1 + tan 45°) = 2 k, then 'k' equals
(A) 4 (B*) 5 (C) 8 (D) 9
[Sol. Consider (1 + tan ) 1  tan 45  

 1  tan  
(1 + tan ) 1  
 1  tan  
 2 
(1 + tan )   =2
 1  tan  
hence LHS
= 2(1 + tan 5°)(1 + tan 40°)(1 + tan 10°)(1 + tan 35°)(1 + tan 15°)(1 + tan 30°)(1 + tan 20°)(1 + tan 25°)
= 2 · 24 = 2 5  k = 5 Ans.]

Q.39 The value of the expression (log102)3 + log108 · log105 + (log105)3 is

(A) rational which is less than 1 (B) rational which is greater than 1
(C*) equal to 1 (D) an irrational number
[Sol. log102 = a and log105 = b  a + b = 1; a3 + 3ab + b3 = ?
Now (a + b) = 1
3  a + b + 3ab = 1  (C)
3 3

Q.40 In a triangle ABC, if 4 cosA cosB + sin2A + sin2B + sin2C = 4, then triangle ABC is
(A) right angle but not isosceles (B) isosceles but not right angled
(C*) right angle isosceles (D) obtuse angled
[Sol We have 4 cosA cosB + 4 sinA sinB sinC = 4
1  cos A cos B
 sinC = 1  1  sinA sinB + cosA cosB
sin A sin B

1  cos 2 A
 cos (A – B)  1  A = B and sinC = =1
sin 2 A

 C = 90° and A = B = (each). Ans.]
4

tan 
Q.41 The efficiency E of a screw jack is given by E = where  is variable and  is some
tan(  )

constant angle lying in  0,  . The maximum efficiency is given by
 2
1  cos  1  sin  cos  cos 
(A) (B*) (C) (D)
1  cos  1  sin  3(1  sin ) 1  cos 
2 sin  cos(  ) sin( 2  )  sin  sin( 2  )  sin   2 sin 
[Sol. E= = =
2 cos  sin(  ) sin( 2  )  sin  sin( 2  )  sin 
2 sin 
= 1
sin( 2  )  sin 
PAGE # 11
   
For maximum E, 2 +  =  =   
2  4 2
2 sin  1  sin 
 Emax. = 1 – =  (B) Ans. ]
1  sin  1  sin 

  

 2
3 log 2  2 log log 103  log  log106 
Q.42 Let N = 10 where base of the logarithm is 10. The characteristic of the
 

logarithm of N to the base 3, is equal to

(A) 2 (B*) 3 (C) 4 (D) 5

[Sol. N = 10p ; p = log108 – log109 + 2log106

 8 ·36 
p = log   = log1032
 9 

 N = 10 10 = 32
log 32

Hence characteristic of log332 is 3. Ans.]

3 
Q.43 If tan 9 = (where 0 <  < ) then the value of (3 cosec 3 – 4 sec 3) is equal to
4 18
(A) 3 (B) 4 (C) 5 (D*) 10
3 3 4
[Sol. tan 9 = ; sin 9 = ; cos 9 =
4 5 5
sin 9 cos 9
 
3 4

3 4 
3

4
2
3 cos 3  4 sin 3 
10  cos 3  sin 3
5 5 
Given =
sin 3 cos 3 2 sin 3 cos 3 sin 6

 sin 9 cos3  cos9 sin 3  sin 9  3

= 10   = 10 = 10 Ans.]
 sin 6  sin 6

 3 5 7
 sin
sin  sin  sin
Q.44 The value of 48 48 48 48 is equal to
 3 5 7
cos  cos  cos  cos
48 48 48 48
(A*) 2  3 (B) 2  3 (C) 2 1 (D) 2 1 [4]

[Sol. Let  =
48
sin   sin 3  sin 5  sin 7
y=
cos   cos 3  cos 5  cos 7
Using C-D relation
sin 4 
y= = tan 4 = tan = tan 15° = 2  3 ]
cos 4 12

PAGE # 12
Q.45 If cos3x sin2x = k(2 cos x – cos 3x – cos 5x) holds true for every x  R, then the value of k is equal
to
1 1
(A) (B*) (C) 16 (D) 8 2 [2]
8 16
[Sol. cos3x sin2x = k(2 cos x – 2 cos 4x cos x) = 2 k cos x(1 – cos 4x)
cos3x sin2x = 4 k cos x sin22x
1
cos3x sin2x = 16 k cos3x sin2x  k = Ans.
16
 1
Alternatively: Put x = on both sides, we get k = Ans.]
4 16

[REASONING TYPE]
Q.46 Consider the following statements
Statement-1: In any right angled triangle ABC, sin2A + sin2B + sin2C = 2
Statement-2: In any triangle ABC, sin2A + sin2B + sin2C = 2 – 2 cos A cos B cos C
(A) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1.
(B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for statement-1.
(C*) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
(D) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.

Q.47 Statement-1: The inequality log2 (x + 2) > log 1 ( x  1) is valid for every x > 0.
2
Statement-2: The value of logba is positive if either 0 < a, b < 1 or 1 < a, b < .
(A*) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1.
(B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for statement-1.
(C) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
(D) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.
[Sol.MB Option (A) is correct.
S-1 As x > 0, so x + 2 > 2  log2(x + 2) is positive.
But, for x > 0, x + 1 > 1  log 1 ( x  1) is negative.
2

Obviously, S -2 is correct and also explaining S-1. Ans.]

 2   4   2   4 
Q.48 Statement-1: cos3 + cos3     + cos3     = 3 cos  · cos     · cos    
 3   3   3   3 
Statement-2: If a + b + c = 0  a + b + c = 3abc
3 3 3

(A*) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1.
(B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for statement-1.
(C) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
(D) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.
 2   4 
[Hint: cos  + cos     + cos    
 3   3 

cos  + 2 cos( + ) cos =0 ]
3

PAGE # 13
Q.49 If P = 2 sin 2° + 4 sin 4° + ....... 180 sin 180°.

 P
2
1  
 90 
Statement-1 : is irrational
P
Statement-2 : tan 1° is irrational
(A) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1.
(B*) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for statement-1.
(C) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
(D) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.
[Sol. P = 2 sin 2° + 4 sin 4° + 6 sin 6° + ....... + 178 sin 178°
P = 178 sin 2° + 176 sin 4° + ....................... + 2 sin 178°
———————————————————————
2P = 180[sin 2° + sin 4° + sin 6° + ....... + sin 178°]
 sin 89  P
P = 90  sin 90 = 90 cot 1°  = cot 1°
 sin 1  90

1  cot 2 1 cosec1 sec 1

Statement-1: = = which is irrational
90 cot 1 90 cot 1 90
Statement-2 is not the correct reason as tan 60° is irrational but sec 60° is rational. ]


log  
Q.50 Statement-1: If  >  > 1, then is greater than 1.
log 


log a b
Statement-2: logcb = , if 0 < a , b, c  1.
log a c
(A) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1.
(B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for statement-1.
(C) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
(D*) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.
[Sol.MB Option (D) is correct


log    
log  1
log   
log 

Clearly, S-1 is false, because = = log  = 1.


log 

log 


But, obviously S-2 is true. Ans.]

6 5  6 5 
Q.51 Statement-1: tan  tan  tan  tan ·tan ·tan
7 7 7 7 7 7
Statement-2: If  =  + , then tan  – tan  – tan  = tan  · tan  · tan .
(A*) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1.
(B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for statement-1.
(C) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
(D) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.

PAGE # 14
 tan   tan 
[Sol. tan  – tan  – tan  = – (tan  + tan )
1  tan  tan 
tan   tan 
= (tan  · tan )  tan  · tan  · tan  ]
1  tan  tan 

[COMPREHENSION TYPE]
Paragraph for question nos. 52 to 54
A denotes the product xyz where x, y and z satisfy
log3x = log5 – log7
log5y = log7 – log3
log7z = log3 – log5
B denotes the sum of square of solution of the equation
log2 (log2x6 – 3) – log2 (log2x4 – 5) = log23
C denotes characterstic of logarithm
log2 (log23) – log2 (log43) + log2 (log45) – log2 (log65) + log2 (log67) – log2(log87)

Q.52 The value of A + B + C is equal to

(A) 18 (B*) 34 (C) 32 (D) 24
Q.53 The value of log2A + log2B + log2C is equal to
(A*) 5 (B) 6 (C) 7 (D) 4
Q.54 The value of | A – B + C | is equal to
(A) – 30 (B) 32 (C) 28 (D*) 30
[Sol.AS x = 3log5 – log7
y = 5log7 – log3
z = 7log3 – log5
 x·y·z=1  A=1
log2 (6 log2 | x | – 3) – log2 (4 log | x | – 5) = log2 3
6 log 2 | x |  3 6t  3
3 let log2 | x | = 1  3
4 log 2 | x |  5 4t  5
6t – 3 = 121 – 15, 6t = 12  t = 2, log2 | x | = 2, | x | = 4  x=±4
B = 16 + 16 = 32
log2 (log23) + log2 (log34) + log2 (log45) + log2 (log56) + log2 (log67) + log2 (log78)
= log2 (log28) = log23
 C = 1. Ans.]

Paragraph for question nos. 55 to 57

1
Let Pn(x) = (sinnx + cosnx)  n  N and
n
Q(m) = (cos 63°)m + (cos 57°)m + (cos 63°)m – 1 · (cos 57°)m – 1  m  N.
Also given log102 = 0.3010; log103 = 0.4771.
Q.55 The value of log1. 3 Q(2)  is equal to
(A) 0 (B) 2 (C) 1 (D*) – 1

The value of 12P4 ( x )  P6 ( x )  at x =


Q.56 equals
10
(A*) 1 (B) 3 (C) 6 (D) 1/12

PAGE # 15
 8 
100
Q.57 Number of zeroes in  P2 ( x )  after decimal before a significant figure starts, is
9 
(A) 30 (B) 31 (C*) 35 (D) 36
[Sol. Q (2) = cos 63° + cos 57° + cos 63° · cos 57°
2 2

= 1 – sin263° + cos257° + cos 63° · cos 57°

1
= 1 + cos 120° · cos 6° + (cos 120° + cos 6°)
2
1 1  1 1
=1– cos 6° +    + cos 6°
2 2  2 2

1 3 3 3
=1– =  log1. 3   = log 4 3   = – 1 Ans(i)
4 4 4 4
8 8 1 4
now P2 ( x )  · 
9 9 2 9

8  4
100 100
hence  P2 ( x )  =  = y (say)
9  9
log y = 200 [log 2 – log 3] = – 35.62 = 36.38  35 zero's Ans.(iii)
now 12P4 ( x )  P6 ( x ) 
= 3(sin4x + cos4x) – 2(sin6x + cos6x)
= 3[(sin2x + cos2x)2 – 2 sin2x · cos2x] – 2[(sin2x + cos2x)(sin4x – sin2x cos2x + cos4x)]
= 3[1 – 2 sin2x · cos2x] – 2[1 – 3 sin2x cos2x]
= 3 – 6 sin2x · cos2x – 2 + 6 sin2x cos2x
= 1 Ans.(ii)]

[MULTIPLE CORRECT CHOICE TYPE]

Q.58 If sin6x + cos6x = a (sin4x + cos4x), a  R has atleast one real solution, then which of the following(s)
must be correct.
1  1 
(A) a   , 1 (B*) a   , 1
4  2 
n 1 n 
(C*) If a = 1, then x = ,nI (D*) If a = , then x = ± ,nI
2 2 2 4
3  1 2 
[Sol. 1– sin22x = a 1  sin 2 x 
4  2 
a 3 ( 2a  3)
   sin22x = a – 1 = sin22x
 2 4  4
4(a  1)
 sin22x =
( 2a  3)
4a  4
 0 1
2a  3
2a  1 1 3 1 
 a  (– , 1]  [3/2, ) & 0 a  ,   a   , 1 ]
2a  3 2 2 2 

PAGE # 16
  tan nx ·sec 2nx  then which of the following is(are) correct?
n
Q.59 Let fn(x) =
n 1



(A*) f 2    2 3  1  
(B) f 3     2
 12  8

  5  4
(C) f 4    0 (D) f 5  
3  6  3
tan nx sin nx sin(2nx  nx )
[Sol. Tn = = =
cos 2nx cos nx cos 2nx cos nx cos 2nx
Tn = tan 2nx – tan nx ....(1)
T1 = tan 2x – tan x
T2 = tan 4x – tan 2x
  
———————
 Tn = tan 2nx – tan x
 fn(x) = tan 2nx – tan x
  
f2(x) = tan 4x – tan x  f 2   = tan  tan =
 12  3 12
 
3  2 3  2 3 2

 
 3 
f3(x) = tan 6x – tan x  f 3   = tan  tan = – 1 – 2 1 = – 2
8 4 8

 8  2 
f4(x) = tan 8x – tan x  f 4   = tan  tan = tan  tan =  3  3 =  2 3
3 3 3 3 3
 5  25 5   1 4
f5(x) = tan 10x – tan x  f 5   = tan  tan = tan  tan =  3  = ]
 6  3 6 3 6 3 3

Q.6085 Let a, b, c > 0 such that a > b > c and a + c > 2b. If ln(a + c) + ln(a – 2b + c) = 2 ln(a – c),
then which of the following relation is(are) correct?
1 1 2
(A*)   (B) b2 = ac
a c b
c bc
(C*)  (D) b2 = a2 + c2
a ab
[Sol. We have (a + c)(a – 2b + c) = (a – c)2  (a + c)2 – 2b(a + c) = (a – c)2
4ac = 2b(a + c)  4ac = 2ab + 2bc
2 1 1
 on dividing by 2abc, we get =   option (A) is true.
b c a
2 a c
Also, =  2ac = ab + bc
b ac
 ac + ac = ab + bc  ac – ab = bc – ac  a(c – b) = c(b – a)
c bc
   Option (C) is true. Ans.]
a ab

PAGE # 17
  2 4 8
Q.61 The value of the expression tan + 2tan + 4tan + 8cot is equal to
7 7 7 7
2 2  
(A*) cosec + cot (B) tan – cot
7 7 14 14

2  2
sin 1  cos  cos
7 7 7
(C*) (D*)
2  2
1  cos sin  sin
7 7 7
 2 4 8 
[Sol. tan + 2 tan + 4tan + 8cot = cot
7 7 7 7 7

[tan  + 2 tan 2 + 4 tan 4 + 8 cot 8 = cot  when   ]
7
1  cos 2  
(A) cosec 2 + cot 2 = = cot  = cot (where  = )
sin 2 7 7
  
(B) tan – cot = – 2cot
14 14 7
2  
sin 2 sin cos
7 7 7 
(C) 2 = = cot
 7
1  cos 2 sin 2
7 7

 2    
1  cos   cos 2 cos 2  cos
 7  7 7 7 
(D) = = cot Ans. ]
      7
2 sin cos  sin 2 sin  cos  1
7 7 7 7 7 

1 1 1 1 1 1 
Q.62 The value of the expression y =    cos 8 when  = simplifies to
2 2 2 2 2 2 12
(A) a pure surd (B*) a compound surd (C) a rational number (D*) an irrational number

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
[Sol. y=   (2 cos 2 4) =   cos 4 =  (2 cos 2 2)
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

1 1 1
=  cos 2 = (2 cos 2 ) = cos 
2 2 2
 6 2
where  = ,y= .]
12 4
Q.63 The value of sin 27° – cos 27° is equal to

3 5 5 5 5 1 3 5
(A*) – (B) – (C*)  (D)
2 2 2 2 2
 5 1 3 5
[Sol. We have (sin 27° – cos 27°)2 = 1 – 2 sin 27° cos 27° = 1 – sin 54° = 1 –  4  =
  4
PAGE # 18
 3 5
 | sin 27° – cos 27° | =
2

But for 0 <  < , sin  – cos  < 0,
4

3 5
So sin 27° – cos 27° = – Ans.
2
Alternatively: sin 27° – sin 63°
– 2 cos 45° sin 18°
 5 1
 2   =  5  1 Ans. ]

 4  2 2
log 3 135 log3 5
Q.64 Let N =  . Then N is
log15 3 log 405 3
(A*) a natural number (B) coprime with 3
(C*) a rational number (D) a composite number
[Hint: N = log3(5 × 33) . log3(5 × 3) – log35 log3(81 × 5)
Let log35 = y,
N = (3 + y) ( 1 + y) – y ( 4 + y) = 3 + 3y + y + y2 – 4y – y2 = 3 ]

Q.65 If 2x and 2y are complementary angles and tan (x + 2y) = 2, then which of the following is(are)
correct?
1 1
(A) sin (x + y) = (B*) tan(x – y) =
2 7
(C*) cot x + cot y = 5 (D) tan x tan y = 6
  1
Sol. We have 2x + 2y = x + y =  sin (x + y) =
2 4 2
      
Also y =   x  , sotan (x + 2y) = tan  x   2 x  = tan   x  = cot x
4   2  2 
1
 2 = cot x  tan x 
2
    1  tan y
Similarly x =   y  , so, tan (x + 2y) = tan   y  =
4  4  1  tan y
1  tan y 1
 2=  tan y =
1  tan y 3
cot y = 3. ]
1 1

Also, tan (x – y) =
tan x  tan y
= 2 3 =  1  6  = 1 Ans.
1  tan x tan y  1  1   6  7  7
1    
 2  3 
Now verify Alternatives. ]

PAGE # 19
 The value of log10  sin 18  cos 36  tan  tan  cot 75  cot 154  equals
  3  
1
Q.66
  8 8 
(A*) additive inverse of sin(1050°)
(B*) multiplicative inverse of cosec(150°)
3 2
(C*) sin  cos
10 5

(D*) logx2 where x = 12  12  12..........

 5 1 5 1
    
1
[Sol. log10    2 3 2 3 2 1  2 1
 4 
4
 4 
 5
= log10 
2
 
 2 ( 2)

 
1
= log10 52 = 
2
Now verify options ]

Q.67 The equation log 16 + log2x64 = 3 has

x2
(A*) one irrational solution (B*) no prime solution
(C*) two real solutions (D) no integral solution
1 1 1 1
[Hint: L.H.S. =  = 3  1 / 2 log x  1 / 6(1  log x ) = 3
log 4 x 2 log 6 2 x 2 2
let log2x = y 2 2

2 6
   3 2(1+y) + 6y = 3y(1 + y)  (y – 2) (3y+1) = 0 y = 2 or y = – 1/3
y 1 y
1
log2x = 2  x = 4 and log2x =  x = 2–1/3]
3
Q.68 If tan x + tan 2x + tan 3x = 0 then which of the following can hold good?
(A*) sec2x = 1 (B*) cot2x = 2 (C*) tan2x = 3 (D*) cosec2x = 3
2 tan x 3 tan x  tan 3 x
[Sol. tan x +  =0
1  tan 2 x 1  3 tan 2 x

2 3  tan 2 x
either tan x = 0 or 1 +  =0
1  tan 2 x 1  3 tan 2 x
 cos x = ± 1 sec2 x = 1  (A)
3  tan 2 x 3  tan 2 x
 = 0  3 – tan2 x = 0  tan2 x = 3  (C)
1  tan x 2
1  3 tan x
2

1
or 1 – 3tan2 x + 1 – tan2 x = 0  tan2 x =  cot2 x = 2  (B)
2
 cosec2x = 1 + cot2x = 3  (D) Ans.]

PAGE # 20
Q.69 Which of the following real numbers is(are) non-positive ?
2 3 
(A*) log 1 
2  3

 (B) log12  65  7 
2  

 
2
3
(D*) log 7  
3
(C*) log 2 log5 3 · log 7 5 · log3 7
2

2 3 2 3 
 
[Sol.MB As  1  log 2 3   0.
2 3 0.5
 
As, 65  8  65  7  1  log12  
65  7  0 .

 log3 log5 log 7 

Also, log 2     = log 1 = 0.
 log log log 
 3
2
5 7

2 2
3 3 2 2
log 7   = log 7   = log 7  0 . Ans.]
2 3
As,
2 3 3 3

1
Q.70 If cos x cos 2x cos 3x – sin x sin 2x sin 3x = then which of the following can hold good?
2
(A*) sin 2x – cos 4x = 0 (B*) sin 4x – cos 2x = 0
(C*) sin 2x + cos 2x = 0 (D) sin 2x – cos 2x = 0
[Sol. 2 cos x cos 3x cos 2x – 2 sin x sin 3x sin 2x = 1
cos 2x[cos 4x + cos 2x] – sin 2x[cos 2x – cos 4x] = 1
cos 2x cos 4x + cos22x – sin 2x cos 2x + sin 2x cos 4x = 1
cos 2x cos 4x  sin 2x cos 2x  sin 2x cos 4x  sin 2 2x  0
cos 2x(cos 4x – sin 2x) – sin 2x(cos 4x – sin 2x) = 0
(cos 2x + sin 2x)(cos 4x – sin 2x) = 0
 either sin 2x = cos 4x or sin 2x + cos 2x = 0  A, C
sin22x = cos24x  cos22x = sin24x
 cos 2x = ± sin 4x  (B) is correct.]


Q.71 If  = which of the following hold(s) good?
7
(A*) tan  · tan 2 · tan 3 = tan 3 – tan 2 – tan 
(B*) cosec  = cosec 2 + cosec 4
(C*) cos  – cos 2 + cos 3 has the value equal to 1/2
(D) 8 cos  · cos 2 · cos 4 has the value equal to 1.
sin 4  sin 2 2 sin 3 ·cos  1
[Sol. (B) RHS = sin 2 ·sin 4 = sin 2 ·sin 4 = = cosec  (using  = 7) (B)
sin 
(C) cos  + cos 3 + cos 5 sum of a series with constant d = 2
1
sum =  (C) is wrong.
2
(D) continued product = – 1  (D) is also wrong ]

PAGE # 21
Q.72 Two parallel chords are drawn on the same side of the centre of a circle of radius R . It is found that
they subtend an angle of  and 2  at the centre of the circle . The perpendicular distance between the
chords is
3     
(A) 2 R sin sin (B*)  1  cos   1  2 cos  R
2 2  2  2

    3 
(C)  1  cos   1  2 cos  R (D*) 2 R sin sin
 2  2 4 4

[Sol. OM = p1 = R cos ON = p2 = R cos 
2
  
MN = p1  p2 = R  cos  cos 

2
3 
= R 2 sin sin  D
4 4

Again convert cos  = 2 cos2  1 and factorise ]
2

[SUBJECTIVE]

 cos2
16
2 k m
Q.73 If the sum can be expressed as rational in lowest form equal to ,
k0 17 n
then find (m + n).
[Ans. 19]
2
[Sol. Let = 17 = 2
17
1 + cos2 + cos22 + cos23 + ......... + cos216
1 + 2(cos2 + cos22 + cos23 + ......... + cos28)
1 + 8 + (cos2 + cos4 + ......... + cos16)
sin 8 cos 9 sin 8 cos 8 sin 16 1 17 m
9+ =9+ =9+ =9– = =  17 + 2 = 19 Ans.]
sin  sin  2 sin  2 2 n

5 6  7
Q.74 Let ,  and  be three real numbers which are respectively equal to , and .
18 18 18
Find the value of sin2 + sin2 + sin2 – 2 cos  cos  cos . [Ans. 2]
[Sol. We know that, if  +  +  =  then  sin2 + sin2 + sin2 = 2 + 2 cos  cos  cos 
  sin 2   2 cos  = 2 Ans.]

sin 2  sin 6  cos 2  cos 6

Q.75 Let L denotes the value of the expression, , when  = 27°
sin 4  cos 4
tan x tan 2 x
and M denotes the value of when x = 9°
tan 2 x  tan x
and N denotes the numerical value of the expression (wherever defined)
1  cos 4 1  cos 4
 when it is simplified.
sec 2  1 cosec2 2  1
2

Find the value of the product (LMN). [Ans. 1]

PAGE # 22
  2 cos 4 sin 2  2 sin 4 sin 2 2 sin 2(sin 4  cos 4)
[Sol. L= = = 2 sin 2
sin 4  cos 4 sin 4  cos 4

5 1
if  = 27°, L = 2 sin 54° = 2 cos 36°  L
2

2 tan x
tan x · 2 tan x
tan x tan 2 x 1  tan 2 x 2 tan x
M= = = = = sin 2x
tan 2 x  tan x 2 tan x 2  (1  tan x ) 1  tan 2 x
2
 tan x
1  tan 2 x

5 1
when x = 9°, M = sin 18°  M
4

1  cos 4 1  cos 4 2 sin 2 2 ·cos 2 2 2 cos 2 2 ·sin 2 2

N=  = 
sec 2 2  1 cosec2 2  1 (1  cos 2 2) (1  sin 2 2 )
= 2(cos22 + sin22)  N2

 5 1  5 1
 LMN =  2   4  (2) = 1 Ans. ]
  

Q.76 Find the value of tan 12° tan 48° tan 54° tan 72°. [Ans. 1 ]
[Sol. We have
tan12° tan(60° – 12°) tan(60° + 12°) tan54°
Let 12° = 
= tan tan(60° – ) tan(60° + ) tan 54°

= tan 
 3  tan   3  tan   tan 54° =
tan (3  tan 2 )
cot 36°
(1  3 tan )(1  3 tan ) 1  3 tan 2 
= (tan 3°)(cot 36°) where  = 12°
= tan 36° cot36° = 1 Ans.]

Q.77 Find the value of x satisfying log10 (2x + x – 41) = x (1 – log105).

[Ans. 41]
[Sol. We have,
log10 (2x + x – 41) = x (1 – log105)
 log10(2x + x – 41) = x log102 = log10 (2x)
 2x + x – 41 = 2x  x = 41. Ans.]

Q.78 Find the exact value of the expression

sin 40 sin 80 sin 20
T=   . [Ans. 3]
sin 80 sin 20 sin 40
2 sin 20 cos 20
[Sol. T1 = = 2 · 2 · sin 10° · cos 20° = 2 (sin 30° – sin 10°)
cos 10
T1 = 1 – 2 sin 10°
sin 80 2 sin 40 cos 40
T2 = = = 4 cos 20° · cos 40°
sin 20 sin 20

PAGE # 23
 T2 = 2[cos 60° + cos 20°] = 1 + 2 cos 20°
T2 = 1 + 2 cos 20°
sin 20 1
T3 = =
sin 40 2 cos 20
 T = T1 + T2 – T3
1 1
= (1 – 2 sin 10°) + (1 + 2 cos 20°) – = 2 + 2(cos 20° – sin 10°) –
2 cos 20 2 cos 20
1 1
= 2 + 2 (cos 20° – cos 80°) – = 2 + 2 · 2 sin 50° · sin 30° –
2 cos 20 2 cos 20
1
= 2 + 2 sin 50° –
2 cos 20
4 sin 50 cos 20  1 2 [sin 70  sin 30]  1 2 sin 70
T=2+ =2+ =2+ = 2 + 1 = 3 Ans.
2 cos 20 2 cos 20 2 cos 20
1 1
Alternatively: + 4 cos 40° · cos 20° –
2 cos 40 2 cos 20
1 1 1 

2  cos 40 cos 20 

= + 2(cos 60° + cos 20°)

1  cos 20  cos 40 

2  cos 40 cos 20 
= + 1 + 2 cos 20°

2 sin 30 sin 10

= + 1 + 2 cos 20°
2 cos 40 cos 20
2 sin 10 sin 20
= + 1 + 2 cos 20°
sin 80
2 sin 10 sin 20  2 cos 20 cos 10
= +1
sin 80
cos 10  cos 30  cos 30  cos 10
= +1
sin 80
2 cos10
= + 1 = 3 Ans. ]
sin 80

Q.79 If mantissa of a number N to the base 32 is varying from 0.2 to 0.8 both inclusive, and whose characteristic
is 1, then find the number of integral values of N. [Ans. 449]
1 4
1 
[Sol.MB We have 1·2  log32N  1·8  32 5  N  32 5  64  N  512
Hence, number of integral values of N = 512 – 63 = 449. Ans.]

PAGE # 24
  cos n
44

n 1
Q.80 Let x = find the greatest integer that does not exceed 100 x. [Ans. 241]
 sin n
44

n 1

sin 22
·cos 22.5
cos 1  cos 2  ........  cos 44 sin 1 2 
[Sol. x= = = cot 22.5°
sin 1  sin 2  .........  sin 44 sin 22
·sin 22.5
sin 1 2 

sin n 2  ( n  1) sin n 2  ( n  1)

sin  2  sin  2 
(using the formula of sum of cos series S = cos , for sine series S = sin )
2 2

cot   = 2  1 = 2.414...
8
 100x = 241.4...
greatest integer = 241 Ans. ]
3 5
  (log2 x )  log 2 x    1
2

Q.81 If the product of the roots of the equation, x  4 4  2 is b

a
(where a, b  N) then the value of (a + b). [Ans. 19] [3]
[Sol. Take log on both the sides

 log 2 x   log 2 x   log 2 x =

3 2 5 1
4 4 2
log2x = y
3y3 + 4y2 – 5y – 2 = 0  3y2(y – 1) + 7y(y – 1) + 2(y – 1) = 0
 (y – 1)(3y + 7y + 2) = 0
2  (y – 1)(3y + 1)(y + 2) = 0
1
 y = 1 or y = – 2 or y =
3
1 1 1
 x = 2; ; 1 3  x 1x 2x 3 =  a + b = 19 ]
4 2 3
16

Q.82 Find  (in degree) satisfying the equation, tan 15° · tan 25° · tan 35° = tan , where   (0, 45°)
[Ans. 5]
[Sol. LHS = tan 15° · tan (30° – 5°) · tan (30° + 5°)
let t = tan 30° and m = tan 5°
tm tm t 2  m2 3m  m3 1  3m 2
 LHS = tan 15° · · = tan 3(5)  · = ·
1  tm 1  tm 1  t 2m2 1  3m 2 3  m 2

m (3  m 2 ) (1  3m 2 )
= · = m = tan 5°. Hence tan x = tan 5°  x = 5 Ans.]
(1  3m 2 ) 3  m 2

PAGE # 25
Q.83 If log3M = a1 + b1 and log5M = a2 + b2 where a1, a2  N and b1, b2  [0, 1). If a1 a2 = 6, then find
the number of integral values of M.
[Ans. 54]
[Sol.MB As a1 a2 = 6, so different possibilities are as follows :-
But a1 = 1  3  M < 9 and a2 = 6  56  M < 57
 no common natural number M exist.
Similarly,
a1 = 2, a2 = 3  no common integral value of M exist.
and a1 = 6, a2 = 1  no common integral value of M exist.
 The only possibility is a1 = 3 and a2 = 2.
 27  M < 81 and 25  M < 125
 Number of integral values of M = 27  M < 81 = 54. Ans.]
 2 3 4 5 p
Q.84 If the expression cos
2
 cos 2  cos 2  cos 2  cos 2 has the value equal to in their
11 11 11 11 11 q
lowest form, then find (p + q). [Ans. 13]
 2 3 4 5
[Sol. Expression = cos
2
 cos 2  cos 2  cos 2  cos 2
11 11 11 11 11
1  2   4   10 
1  cos   1  cos   ......  1  cos 
11 
=
2  11   11  

 
1  2 4 6 10 
= 5   cos  cos   cos ......  cos 
2   1111 11 
11
 
 
S


On multiplying and dividing the series S by 2 sin , we get
11
1  3    5 3   9  1
 sin  sin    sin  sin   .......   sin   sin  = –
  11 11   11 11   11  2
2 sin
11

1  1  9 p
 5   = =  (p + q) = 13 Ans.]
2  2  4 q
Hence expression =

1
Q.85 For 0 < a  1, find the number of ordered pair (x, y) satisfying the equation loga 2 x  y = and
2
log a y  log a x  log 2 4 . [Ans. 2]
a

1
[Sol. We have log a 2 x  y =  |x+y|=a  x+y=±a .....(1)
2
 y 
Also, log a    log 2 4  y=2|x| .....(2)
| x | a

a 2a
If x > 0, then x = , y =
3 3
If x < 0, then y = 2a, x = – a
 a 2a 
 possible ordered pairs =  ,  and (– a, 2a)]
3 3 
PAGE # 26
Q.86 Find the exact value of cosec10° + cosec50° – cosec70°. [Ans. 6]
1 1 1
[Sol :  
sin 10 sin 50 sin 70
1 1 1
 
cos 80 cos 40 cos 20
cos 40 cos 20  cos 80 cos 20  cos 40 cos 80
cos 20. cos 40. cos 80
= 8 [cos20°(cos40° + cos80°) – cos40° cos80° ]
= 8 [2cos20° cos60° cos20° – cos40° cos80°]
= 4 [2cos220° – 2cos40° cos80°]
= 4 [1 + cos40° – (cos120° + cos40°)]
3
=4. =6 Ans ]
2

Q.87 Find the number of integral solution of the equation log

x
x  | x  2 | = logx(5x – 6 + 5 | x – 2|).
[Ans. 1]
[Sol. Let x + | x – 2 | = y
 Equation becomes logxy2 = logx(5y – 6)  y2 = 5y – 6  y2 – 5y + 6 = 0  y = 2 or 3
If y = 2
then x + | x – 2 | = 2  0 < x < 1  1 < x  2
If y = 3
5
then x + | x – 2 | = 3  x= only
2
Hence number of integral solutions is 1. ]

cos 42  sin 42

Q.88 If = (tan  + sec ) where 0 <  < 90°, then find the value of  in degree.
cos 42  sin 42
[Ans. 84]
cos 42  sin 42
[Sol. L.H.S. = = tan45  42
cos 42  sin 42

     
2
 cos  sin  cos  sin 1  tan 
Now R.H.S. =
1  sin 
= 
2 2
= 2 2 = 2 = tan  45  
cos        2
cos 2  sin 2 cos  sin 1  tan
2 2 2 2 2

 
Hence 45  = 45° + 42°  = 42°   = 84° Ans.]
2 2

Q.89 For x, y  N, if 32x – y + 1 =3y – 2x + 1 – 8 and log6 2 x y  xy = 1 + log36(xy),

2 2

then find the absolute value of (x – y). [Ans. 5] [5]

[Sol. Let 32x – y = t
3 1
 3t = – 8  3t2 + 8t – 3 = 0  t = – 3,
t 3
But t = – 3 (rejected)
PAGE # 27
 So, 32x – y = t = 3–1  2x – y = – 1 ......(1)
Again, log6 2 x y  xy = 1 + log36(xy)  log6 xy(2 x  y)  1  log6 xy
2 2

 
log6| xy | = log 6 6 xy   xy = 36 ......(2)
 On solving (1) and (2), we get
x = 4 and y = 9
 | x – y | = 5 Ans.]

Q.90 If L denotes the least value of the expression y = 9 sec2x + 16 cosec2x and M denotes the maximum
value of the expression y = sin2x + 8 cos x – 7, find the value of (L + M).
[Ans. 50]
[Sol. L = 9 + 16 + 9 tan x + 16 cot x
2 2

= 25 + (3 tan x – 4 cot x)2 + 24

 L = 49 when tan2x = 4/3
M = 1 – cos2x + 8 cos x – 7
= – [cos2x – 8 cos x + 6]
= – [(cos x – 4)2 – 10]
= 10 – (4 – cos x)2
 M = 10 – 9 = 1
 L + M = 49 + 1 = 50 Ans. ]

Q.91 Let log2x + log4y + log4z = 2

log9x + log3y + log9z = 2
and log16x + log16y + log4z = 2.
yz
Find the value of . [Ans. 54]
x
[Sol. From (1) log2(x2yz) = 4
 x2yz = 24 ....(1)
|||ly y zx = 3
2 4 ....(2)
z2xy = 44 ....(3)
(1) × (2) × (3)
 x4y4z4 = (2 · 3 · 4)4
 xyz = 24
16 2 
from (1)  x= =
24 3 

81 27  yz
  54 . Ans.
8  x
from (2) y= =
24
256 32 
from (3)  z= =  ]
24 3 

Q.92  and  are the positive acute angles and satisfying simultaneously the equation
5 sin 2 = 3 sin 2 and tan  = 3 tan ,
find the value of tan  + tan . [Ans. 4]
2 tan  2 tan 
[Sol. 5· =3·
1  tan 
2
1  tan 2 

PAGE # 28
 5 tan  3 tan 
 = ....(1)
1  tan  1  tan 2 
2

substituting tan  = 3 tan 

5 ·3 tan  3 tan 
=
1  9 tan  1  tan 2 
2

5 + 5 tan2 = 1 + 9 tan2
4 tan2 = 4  tan  = 1
 tan  = 3
 tan   tan   4 Ans. ]

Q.93 Find the number of integral ordered pairs (x, y) satisfying the equation log (3x + 2y) = logx + logy.
[Ans. 4]
[Sol. We have log (3x + 2y) = logx + logy  3x + 2y = xy  3x + 2y – xy = 0
3x
hence y(x – 2) = 3x  y = (x, y  N)
x2
 Possibile ordered pairs are (3, 9), (4, 6) (5, 5), (8, 4).
and (0, 0) and (1, – 3) etc. rejected. Ans.]

[MATRIX TYPE]
Q.94 Column - I Column-II
(A) The expression
loga b · log 2 a 2 · log 3 b3 · log 4 a 4 ....... log 100 a100 simplifies to (P) –4
b a b b

(B) The value of x (x < 0) satisfying the equation

log2x2 + log2 | x | = 3a, where a is an even prime number, is equal to (Q) 4

log 1 4 1
log81
(C) The value of x satisfying the equation 2 3 x 16 , is equal to
(R) 1
(S) –2
[Ans. (A) R, (B) P, (C) Q]
[Sol.

 log b   2 log a   3 log b   100 log a 

(A) We have expression =       .....   = 1
 log a   2 log b   3 log a   100 log b 
(B) We have 2log2 | x | + log2 | x | = 6 ( a = 2)
But x < 0, so we get
3log2 ( – x) = 6  log2 (– x) = 2  x = – 4.
(C) Taking log on base 3
– log34 · log32 = – log8116 · log3x
– log34 · log32 = – log32 · log3x  x = 4 Ans.]

PAGE # 29
Q.95 Column-I Column-II
(A) The expression
[cos2( + ) + cos2( – ) – cos 2 cos 2], is (P) independent of 
(B) The expression
cos2 + cos2(+ ) – 2 cos  ·cos  ·cos(+ ), is (Q) independent of 
sin(  ) sin(  )
(C) The expression , is (R) independent of  and 
1  tan 2  cot 2 
(D) The expression (S) dependent on  and .
2 sin  + 4cos(+ ) sin  · sin  + cos2(+ ), is
2

[Ans. (A) P, Q, R; (B) P; (C) S; (D) Q]

[Explanation: (A) 1 + cos2( + ) – sin2( – ) – cos 2 cos 2
= 1 + cos 2 · cos 2 – cos 2 · cos 2 = 1  independent of  and   (R)
(B) cos2 + cos2(+ ) – cos( + )[cos(+ ) + cos(– )]
cos2 – [cos2 – sin2] = sin2  independent of  P,Q,R

(sin 2   sin 2 ) cos 2  ·sin 2  (sin 2   sin 2 ) cos 2  ·sin 2 

(C) =
cos 2  ·sin 2   sin 2  ·cos 2  sin(  ) ·sin(  )
= – cos2 · sin2  dependent on  and   (S)
(D) 2 sin2 + 2 cos(+ ) · [cos ( – ) – cos( + )] + 2 cos2( + ) – 1
= (2 sin2 – 1) – 2 cos2( + ) + 2 cos2( + ) + 2(cos2 – sin2)
= 2 cos2 – 1 = cos 2  independent of   (Q) ]

Q.96 Column-I Column-II

(A) If log 3 5  8 log 49 5  log 7 49  = k, then (k2 + 1) is equal to (P) 1

1 2
2
(B) If x = 9  77 , then  x   is equal to (Q) 2
11  x

 1 
20
(C) If N =   , then number of digits in N before decimal starts, is equal to (R) 5
 0 .4 
Use: log102 = 0.3010 (S) 8

(D) If log175(5x), = log343(7x), then find the value of log42(x4 – 2x2 + 7).
[Ans. (A) R; (B) Q; (C) S; (D) P]
[Sol.
(A) log3 5  8 log49 5  4 log7 49 = k
 log 3 5  8 log 49 7  = k
 log39 = k  k=2
 (k + 1) = (2 ) + 1= 5. Ans.
2 2

(B) We have 9  77 = x  x2 = 9 + 77 .....(1)

9    9  
4
As, 77 9  77 = 4  77 = ......(2)
x2

4  2  2
2 2
 x2  = 18   x   – 4 = 18   x   = 22
x2  x  x
PAGE # 30
  2
2
x  
  x
=
22
= 2. Ans.
11 11
 10 
(C) We have log10N = 20 log   = 20(1 – 2 log102) = 20(1 – 2 × 0.3010) = 20 × 0.398 = 7.96
4
 Number of digits in N = 8
(D) Put log175(5x) = log343(7x) = k (say)
 5x = (175)k and 7x = (343)k .......(1)

 175  5  5  35 
k k
5
 =    = 
7  343  7  7  49 

5 5
2k
1
 =   2k = 1  k = .
7 7 2
From (1), we get
1
5x  x 7.
(175) 2
Hence, log42 (x – 2x2 + 7) = log4242 = 1. Ans.]
4

Q.97 Column-I Column-II

(A) Double the value of cos220° + cos2140° + cos2100° is equal to (P) 2
(B) Square root of the root of the equation 3x log3 4 + 4log3 x = 64 is equal to (Q) 3
 2 4
(C) The square of the value of tan tan tan is equal to (R) 1
9 9 9
3x 3x 5
(D) The reciprocal of the value of cos4 – sin4 at x = is equal to (S) 4
5 5 18
[Ans. (A) Q, (B) Q, (C) Q, (D) P ]
[Sol.(A) We know that
3
cos2 + cos2 (120° + ) + cos2 (120° – ) =
2
3
So, cos220° + cos2140° + cos2100° =
2
 Double the value of given expression = 3
(B) We have
3x log3 4 + 4log3 x = 64
 3 · 4log3 x + 4log3 x = 64
 4.4log3 x = 64
 4log3 x = 16
 log3x = 2
 x=9
 square root of the root of the given equation = 3.

PAGE # 31
(C) tan 20° tan 40° tan 80° = tan 20° tan (60° – 20°) tan (60° + 20°) = tan (3 × 20°) = 3
 Square of the value of given expression = 3
3x 3x  2 3x 3x   2 3x 3x  6x
(D) We have cos4 – sin4 =  cos  sin 2   cos  sin 2  = cos
5 5  5 5   5 5  5
 6 5  1
= cos    =
 5 18  2
 Reciprocal of the value of given expression = 2 ]

Q.98 Column-I Column-II

1
1
(A) 3 5 log7 5  simplifies to (P) 2
 log10 (0.1)

3a
(B) If logb 3 = 4 and log b2 27  , (Q) 3
2
then the value of (a2 – b4) is equal to

(C) If number of digits in 1211 is 'd', and number of cyphers after (R) 5
decimal before a significant figure starts in (0.2)9 is 'c',

  
then (d – c) is equal to
(D) If N = antilog3 log6 antilog 5
(log5 1296) , (S) 6
then the characteristic of log N to the base 2, is equal to (T) 13
[Ans. (A) P, (B) T, (C) S, (D) Q]
[Sol.MB
1 1
(A) 5log5 7  7 8 = 2 Ans.
 log10 1 / 10 = =
3 3 3
1

3a 3a
(B) As logb3 = 4  3 = b4 and logb2 27   log 27   a = 4.
2 3 2
Hence, (a2 – b4) = 16 – 3 = 13.
(C) Clearly, d = 12, c = 6
So, (d – c) = 12 – 6 = 6.

(D)

N = antilog3  log 6 5

 
log5 1296 


 
 = antilog3 log6 (5)log 5 36 = antilog3 log 6 36  = antilog3(2)
N=9
characteristic of log29 = 3. Ans.]

PAGE # 32
  7 
cos  cos 2  cos  ......  cos (3n  2)
Q.99 Let fn() = 2 2 2.
 7 
sin  sin 2  sin  .......  sin (3n  2)
2 2 2
Then match the entries of column-I with their corresponding values given in column-II.
Column-I Column-II
 3 
(A) f3   (P) 2– 3
 16 
 
(B) f5   (Q) 3 2 2
 28 
 
(C) f7   (R) 2 1
 60 

(S) 74 3
[Ans. (A) R ; (B) Q ; (C) S ]
 
[Sol. We have fn() = cot  (3n  1) 
 4

 3   1 3  3
(A) f3   = cot  8    = cot = 2 1
 16   4 16  8
     
(B) f5   = cot 14    = cot = 2 1 = 3 2 2
 28   4 28  8

 
   1  
(C) f7   = cot  20    = cot = 2 3 = 7  4 3 ]
 60   4 60  12

Q.100 Column-I Column-II

(A) The value of the expression (P) 1
(cot 45° + cot 35° + cot 10°) tan 45° tan 35° tan 10° is equal to (Q) 2
(B) The value of the expression (R) 4
sin 146  sin 18  sin 196
is equal to
sin 3 sin 57 sin 63 sin 73 sin 98
(C) If the expression n sin2 + 2n cos( + ) sin  sin  + cos 2( + ) (S) 16
is independent of  then value of n is
[Ans. (A) P (B) S (C) Q]
[Sol.
(cot 45  cot 35  cot 10) cot 45 cot 35 cot 10
(A) = = 1
(cot 45 cot 35 cot 10) cot 45 cot 35 cot 10

 cot A   cot A

[Note: If A + B + C = 
2
 cot 45  cot 35  cot 10 = cot 45 cot 35 cot 10 ]
Alternatively: V = tan 35° tan 10° + tan 10° + tan 35°
 V + 1 = tan 35°(1 + tan 10°) + 1 + tan 10° = (1 + tan 10°)  1  tan(45  10)  = 2
 V = 2 – 1 = 1 Ans.
PAGE # 33
 sin 146  sin 18  sin 196 sin 34  sin 18  sin 16
(B)
(sin 3 sin 57 sin 63) sin 73 sin 98
=
sin 3 sin(60  3) sin(60  3)  cos17 cos 8
(sin 34  sin 16)  sin 18 2 cos 25 sin 9  2 sin 9 cos 9 (4)(2) sin 9[cos 25  cos 9]
= =
1  1 sin 9 cos 17 cos 8
 sin 9  cos 17 cos 8 sin 9 cos 17 cos 8
4  4

4 sin 9 cos 8 cos 17

= = 16
1 
 sin 9  cos 17 cos 8
4 
[Note:(i) If A + B + C =  then  sin 2A  4 sin A sin B sin C
 sin 146  sin 18  sin 196 = 4 sin 73 sin 9 sin 98 (73° + 9° + 98° = 180°)
1
(ii) sin  sin(60 – ) sin(60 + ) = sin 3
4
1
Here  = 3°  sin 3 sin 57 sin 63  sin 9 ]
4
(C) Let E = n sin  + n cos( + ) cos(  )  cos(  )  + 2cos2( + ) – 1
2

= n sin2 + n(cos2 – sin2) – n cos2( + ) + 2 cos2( + ) – 1

= n sin2 + n cos2 – n sin2 + (2 – n) cos2( + ) – 1
= (n – 1) – nsin2 + (2 – n)cos2( + )
 For independent of  (2 – n) = 0 n = 2 Ans.]

PAGE # 34