General MIDI instrument and drum kit lists

Last updated: Tuesday, 13 October 2015

General MIDI Instrument List

Piano

Program # Instrument

1 Acoustic Grand Piano

2 Bright Piano

3 Electric Grand Piano

4 Honky-tonk piano

5 Electric Piano 1

6 Electric Piano 2

7 Harpsichord

8 Clav

Chromatic Percussion

Program # Instrument

9 Celesta

10 Glockenspiel

11 Music Box

12 Vibraphone

13 Marimba

14 Xylophone

15 Tubular Bells

16 Dulcimer
Organ

Program # Instrument

17 Drawbar Organ

18 Percussive Organ

19 Rock Organ

20 Church Organ

21 Reed Organ

22 Accordian

23 Harmonica

24 Tango Accordian

Guitar

Program # Instrument

25 Nylon String Guitar

26 Steel String Guitar

27 Jazz Guitar

28 Clean Electric Guitar

29 Muted Electric Guitar

30 Overdrive Guitar

31 Distortion Guitar

32 Guitar Harmonics

Bass

Program # Instrument
 33 Acoustic Bass

34 Fingered Bass

35 Picked Bass

36 Fretless Bass

37 Slap Bass 1

38 Slap Bass 2

39 Synth Bass 1

40 Synth Bass 2

Strings

Program # Instrument

41 Violin

42 Viola

43 Cello

44 Contrabass

45 Tremolo Strings

46 Pizzicato Strings

47 Orchestral Harp

48 Timpani

Ensemble

Program # Instrument

49 String Ensemble 1

50 String Ensemble 2
 51 Synth Strings 1

52 Synth Strings 2

53 Choir Ahh

54 Choir Oohh

55 Synth Voice

56 Orchestral Hit

Brass

Program # Instrument

57 Trumpet

58 Trombone

59 Tuba

60 Muted Trumpet

61 French Horn

62 Brass Section

63 Synth Brass 1

64 Synth Brass 2

Reed

Program # Instrument

65 Soprano Sax

66 Alto Sax

67 Tenor Sax

68 Baritone Sax
 69 Oboe

70 English Horn

71 Bassoon

72 Clarinet

Pipe

Program # Instrument

73 Piccolo

74 Flute

75 Recorder

76 Pan Flute

77 Blown Bottle

78 Shakuhachi

79 Whistle

80 Ocarina

Synth Lead

Program # Instrument

81 Square Wav

82 Sawtooth Wav

83 Caliope

84 Chiff

85 Charang

86 Voice
 87 Fifth's

88 Bass&Lead

Synth Pad

Program # Instrument

89 New Age

90 Warm

91 Polysynth

92 Choir

93 Bowed

94 Metallic

95 Halo

96 Sweep

Synth Effects

Program # Instrument

97 FX Rain

98 FX Soundtrack

99 FX Crystal

100 FX Atmosphere

101 FX Brightness

102 FX Goblins

103 FX Echo Drops

104 FX Star Theme

Ethnic
 Program # Instrument

105 Sitar

106 Banjo

107 Shamisen

108 Koto

109 Kalimba

110 Bagpipe

111 Fiddle

112 Shanai

Percussive

Program # Instrument

113 Tinkle Bell

114 Agogo

115 Steel Drums

116 Woodblock

117 Taiko Drum

118 Melodic Tom

119 Synth Drum

120 Reverse Cymbal

Sound Effects

Program # Instrument
 121 Guitar Fret Noise

122 Breath Noise

123 Seashore

124 Bird Tweet

125 Telephone Ring

126 Helicopter

127 Applause

128 Gunshot

General MIDI Drum Kit Map

MIDI channel 10 is the drum channel on most MIDI synthesizers. On the drum
channel, different notes are interpreted as different drum sounds, instead of being
different pitches of a particular instrument. Instead of using Program Change
messages to switch between different instruments, on the drum channel they are
used to choose a drum kit. Program Change 1 is the Standard Drum Kit on most
synthesizers. Below is a Drum kit patch map for the GM Standard Drum Kit. Note
that most synths have additional drum sounds below and above this range of
notes.

In addition to note numbers (for example, 60,61,62), PG Music software often

refers to note names (for example, C5, Db5, E5). For reference, note 60 = C5 =
middle C.

Note
Note Name Drum Sound
#

Acoustic Bass
35 B2
Drum

36 C3 Bass Drum 1

37 Db3/C#3 Side Stick

38 D3 Acoustic Snare
39 Eb3/D#3 Hand Clap

40 E3 Electric Snare

41 F3 Low Floor Tom

42 Gb3/F#3 Closed Hi-Hat

43 G3 High Floor Tom

44 Ab3/G#3 Pedal Hi-Hat

45 A3 Low Tom

46 Bb3/A#3 Open Hi-Hat

47 B3 Low-Mid Tom

48 C4 Hi-Mid Tom

49 Db4/C#4 Crash Cymbal 1

50 D4 High Tom

51 Eb4/D#4 Ride Cymbal 1

52 E4 Chinese Cymbal

53 F4 Ride Bell

54 Gb4/F#4 Tambourine

55 G4 Splash Cymbal

56 Ab4/G#4 Cowbell

57 A4 Crash Symbol 2

58 Bb4/A#4 Vibraslap

59 B4 Ride Cymbal 2

60 C5 (middle C) Hi Bongo

61 Db5/C#5 Low Bongo

62 D5 Mute Hi Conga
 63 Eb5/D#5 Open Hi Conga

64 E5 Low Conga

65 F5 High Timbale

66 Gb5/F#5 Low Timbale

67 G5 High Agogo

68 Ab5/G#5 Low Agogo

69 A5 Cabasa

70 Bb5/A#5 Maracas

71 B5 Short Whistle

72 C6 Long Whistle

73 Db6/D#6 Short Guiro

74 D6 Long Guiro

75 Eb6/D#6 Claves

76 E6 Hi Wood Block

77 F6 Low Wood Block

78 Gb6/F#6 Mute Cuica

79 G6 Open Cuica

80 Ab6/G#6 Mute Triangle

81 A6 Open Triangle

82 Bb6/A#6 Shaker

Other Drum Kits

Many General MIDI compatible synths have additional drum kits, often the eight
listed below. Other drum kits are often similar to the Standard Drum Kit but have
variations of the same drum sounds. For example, note 38 is an Acoustic Snare in
 the Standard Drum Kit. When you are using the Room Drum Kit, you still hear a
snare with note 38 but it will be a "Room Snare".

Program # Drum Kit

1 Standard Drum Kit

9 Room Drum Kit

17 Power Drum Kit

25 Electric Drum Kit

26 Rap TR808 Drums

33 Jazz Drum Kit

41 Brush Kit

A special note about the Brush Kit

The Brush Kit is usually the same as the Standard Drum Kit with the following three
exceptions:

 Note #38 is a Brush Tap instead of a Snare Drum.

 Note #39 is a Brush Slap instead of a Hand Clap.
 Note #40 is a Brush Swirl instead of a Snare Drum.
Some Yamaha synths use a somewhat different map for the brush sounds. On
these synths:

 Note #25 is a Brush tap.

 Note #27 is a Brush Slap.
 Note #26 is a Brush swirl.