CHAPTER 1

1.1
Answering machine Microwave oven
Alarm clock Model airplanes
Automatic door MP3 player
Automatic lights Musical greeting cards
ATM Musical tuner
Automobile: Pagers
Engine controller Personal computer
Temperature control Personal planner/organizer (PDA)
ABS Radar detector
Electronic dash Broadcast Radio (AM/FM/Shortwave)
Navigation system Razor
Automotive tune-up equipment Satellite radio receiver
Baggage scanner Security systems
Bar code scanner Sewing machine
NiCad/Lithium Ion battery chargers Smoke detector
Cable/DSL Modems and routers Sprinkler system
Calculator Stereo system
Camcorder Amplifier
Carbon monoxide detector CD/DVD player
Cash register Receiver
CD and DVD players Tape player
Ceiling fan (remote) Stud sensor
Cellular phones Talking toys
Coffee maker Telephone
Compass Telescope controller
Copy machine Thermostats
Cordless phone Toy robots
Depth finder Traffic light controller
Digital Camera TV receiver & remote control
Digital watch Variable speed appliances
Digital voice recorder Blender
Digital scale Drill
Digital thermometer Mixer
Electronic dart board Food processor
Electric guitar Fan
Electronic door bell Vending machines
Electronic gas pump Video game controllers
Elevator Wireless headphones & speakers
Exercise machine Wireless thermometer
Fax machine Workstations
Fish finder
Garage door opener Electromechanical Appliances*
GPS Air conditioning and heating systems
Hearing aid Clothes washer and dryer
Invisible dog fences Dish washer
Laser pointer Electrical timer
LCD projector Iron, vacuum cleaner, toaster
Light dimmer Oven, refrigerator, stove, etc.
Keyboard synthesizer *These appliances are historically based only upon on-off
Keyless entry system (bang-bang) control. However, most high end versions of
Laboratory instruments these appliances have now added sophisticated electronic
Metal detector control.

1-1 ©R. C. Jaeger & T. N. Blalock

5/24/14

Full file at https://testbanku.eu/Solution-Manual-for-Microelectronic-Circuit-Design-5th-Edition-by-Jaeger

 1.2
N = 1327x10(2020−1970)/6.52 = 61.9 x 10 9 transistors/chip

1.3
N = ( 2.233x10 9 ) x10 (2021−2014)/10.1 = 11.0 x 10 9 Transistors/Chip

1.4
0.1997( 2021−1960 )
B = 19.97 x 10 = 30.3 x 1012 = 30.3 Tb/chip

1.5
(a)

(b)

1.6
N 2 1327x10 ( 2 )
Y −1970 /6.52
= 10 ( 2 1)
Y −Y /6.52
= ( Y1 −1970) /6.52
N1 1327x10
(a) Y2 −Y1 = 6.52 log 2 = 1.96 years
(b) Y2 − Y1 = 6.52 log10 = 6.52 years

1.7

N 2 ( 2.233x10 ) x10
9 (2 ) Y −2014 /10.1

= 10 ( 2 1)
Y −Y /10.1
=
N1 ( 2.233x10 ) x10
9 (Y1 −2014) /10.1

(a) Y2 −Y1 = 10.1log 2 = 3.07 years

(b) Y2 − Y1 = 10.1log10 = 10.1 years

1.8 .
Although this distance corresponds to the diameter of only a few atoms, ITRS projections are
on track to produce feature sizes in this range. See the Intel website for example.

1-2 ©R. C. Jaeger & T. N. Blalock 3/23/15

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 1.9
4.02 x 108 W
P = ( 268x10 tubes) (1.5W tube) = 402 MW!
6
I= = 1.83 MA!
220V
V = ( 268x10 6 tubes) (80cm 3 / tube) = 21.4x10 9 cm3 = 21400 m 3

1.10 D, D, A, A, D, A, A, D, A, D, A

1.11
5V 5V mV 3.06V
VLSB = = = 19.53 and = 156.7 bits →157 LSB
8
2 bits 256bits bit mV
19.53
bit
15710 = (128 +16 + 8 + 4 +1)10 = 100111012

1.12
2.5V 2.5V mV
VLSB = 10
= = 2.441
2 bits 1024 bits bit
 2.5V 
0101100110 2 = ( 28 + 2 6 + 2 5 + 2 2 + 21 ) = 35810 VO = 358   = 0.874 V
10  1024 

1.13
10V 10V 10V
VLSB =12
= = 2.441 mV VMSB = = 5.000 V
2 bits 4096bits 2
1001001010012 = 211 + 28 + 2 5 + 2 3 + 2 0 = 234510 VO = 2345 ( 2.441mV ) = 5.724 V

1.14
10V mV 6.89V 15
VLSB = 15
2 bits
= 0.3052
bit
and
10V
( 2 bits) = 22577 bits
2257710 = (16384 + 4096 + 2048 + 32 +16 +1)10
2257710 = 1011000001100012

1.15 (a) A 4 digit readout ranges from 0000 to 2000 and has a resolution of 1 part in 2,000.
The number of bits must satisfy 2B ≥ 2,000 where B is the number of bits. Here B = 11 bits.
(b) 2B ≥ 106 yields B = 20 bits.

1.16
5.12V 5.12V mV V
VLSB = = = 0.3125 and VO = (10101110111010 2 ) VLSB ± LSB
214 bits 16384 bits bit 2
VO = ( 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 ) 0.3125mV ± 0.1625mV
13 11 9 8 7 5 4 3 1
10

VO = 3.49813± 0.0001625 or 3.49798V ≤ VO ≤ 3.49829V

1-3 ©R. C. Jaeger & T. N. Blalock 3/23/15

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 1.17

IB = dc component = 7.50 mA, ib = signal component = 0.003 cos (1000t) A

1.18
VGS = 2.5 V, vgs = 0.5u(t-1) + 0.1 cos 2000πt Volts

1.19
vCE = [5 + 2 cos (5000t)] V

1.20
vDS = [5 + 2 sin (2500t) + 4 sin (1000t)] V

1.21

V = 1 V, R1 = 24 kΩ, R2= 30 kΩ and R3 = 11 kΩ.

24kΩ 30kΩ 11kΩ
V1 = 1V = 0.749 V V2 = 1V = 0.251 V
24kΩ + ( 30kΩ 11kΩ) 24kΩ + ( 30kΩ 11kΩ)
Checking:V1 +V2 = 0.749 + 0.251 = 1.00 V which is correct.
1V R3 11kΩ
I1 = = 31.2 μ A I 2 = I1 = ( 31.2μ A) = 8.37 μ A
24kΩ + ( 30kΩ 11kΩ) R2 + R3 30kΩ +11kΩ
R2 30kΩ
I 3 = I1 = (31.2μ A ) = 22.8 μ A Checking: I 2 + I 3 = 31.2 μ A
R2 + R3 30kΩ +11kΩ

1-4 ©R. C. Jaeger & T. N. Blalock 3/23/15

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 1.22

V = 8 V, R1 = 30 kΩ, R2= 24 kΩ and R3 = 15 kΩ.

30kΩ 30kΩ
V1 = 8V = 8V = 6.12 V
30kΩ + ( 24kΩ 15kΩ) 30kΩ + 9.23kΩ
24kΩ 15kΩ
V2 = 8V = 1.88 V Checking: 6.12+1.88 = 8.00 V
30kΩ + ( 24kΩ 15kΩ)
R3  8V  15kΩ
I 2 = I1 =  = 78.4 μ A
R2 + R3  30kΩ + 9.23kΩ  24kΩ +15kΩ
R2  8V  24kΩ
I 3 = I1 =  = 125 μ A
R2 + R3  30kΩ + 9.23kΩ  24kΩ +15kΩ
8V
Checking: I1 = = 204 μ A and I1 =I 2 + I 3
30kΩ + 9.23kΩ

1.23
 150kΩ   150kΩ 
I 2 = 200μ A   = 100 μ A I 3 = 200μ A   = 100 μ A
 150kΩ +150kΩ   150kΩ +150kΩ 
 82kΩ 
V3 = 200μ A (150kΩ 150kΩ)   = 8.2V
 68kΩ + 82kΩ 
Checking: I1 + I 2 = 200 μ A and I 2 R2 = 100μ A (82kΩ) = 8.2 V

1.24
I1 = 4mA
(3.9kΩ + 5.6kΩ) = 3.19 mA I 2 = 4mA
2.4kΩ
= 0.807 mA
(3.9kΩ + 5.6kΩ) + 2.4kΩ 9.5kΩ + 2.4kΩ
5.6kΩ
V3 = 4mA ( 2.4kΩ 9.5kΩ) = 4.52 V
3.9kΩ + 5.6kΩ
Checking: I1 + I 2 = 4.00 mA and I 2 R3 = 0.807mA ( 5.6kΩ) = 4.52 V

1-5 ©R. C. Jaeger & T. N. Blalock 3/23/15

Full file at https://testbanku.eu/Solution-Manual-for-Microelectronic-Circuit-Design-5th-Edition-by-Jaeger

 1.25
Summing currents at the open circuited output node yields:
v
+.025v = 0 so v = 0 and v th = vi − v = vi
10 4
To find the Thévenin equivalent resistance, we apply a test source to the output with vi set to
zero:

39.8 Ω

vi
Thévenin equivalent circuit:

Summing currents at the output node:

v
ix = − − gm v = 0 but v = −vx
R1
v v 1 1
ix = x + gm vx = 0 Rth = x = = = 39.8 Ω
R1 ix 1 1
+ gm + 0.025S
R1 10kΩ

1-6 ©R. C. Jaeger & T. N. Blalock 3/23/15

Full file at https://testbanku.eu/Solution-Manual-for-Microelectronic-Circuit-Design-5th-Edition-by-Jaeger

 1.26
-3
2.01 x 10 vi

467 Ω

Norton equivalent circuit:

The short circuit current is:
v v
in = + 0.002v and v = vi → in = i + 0.002vi = 2.01x10−3 vi
75kΩ 75kΩ
To find the Thévenin equivalent resistance, we apply a test source to the output with vi set to
zero:

Summing currents at the output node:

v
ix = − − gm v = 0 but v = −vx
R1
v v 1 1
ix = x + gm vx = 0 Rth = x = = = 467 Ω
R1 ix 1 1
+ gm + 0.002S
R1 75kΩ

1-7 ©R. C. Jaeger & T. N. Blalock 3/23/15

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 1.27

(a)

vi β 150
in = −β i but i = − and in = vi = vi = 3.85 x 10 −3 vi
R1 R1 39kΩ

vx vx
Rth = ; ix = + βi but i = 0 since vR1 = 0. Rth = R2 = 100 kΩ.
ix R2

3.85 x 10 vi
-3 100 kΩ

Noton equivalent circuit:

100

ii
99300
(b)

 β   150 
vth = voc = −β iR2 where i + β i + ii = 0 and vth = R2   ii = 100kΩ  ii = 99300ii
 β +1   151 
Rth is found in part (a).

1-8 ©R. C. Jaeger & T. N. Blalock 3/23/15

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 1.28

(a)
vi R2 56kΩ
vth = voc = −β i R2 but i =− and vth = β vi = 120 vi = 89.6 vi
R1 R1 75kΩ

vx vx
Rth = ; ix = + βi but i = 0 since v R1 = 0. Rth = R2 = 75 kΩ.
ix R2
75 kΩ

89.6 vi
Thévenin equivalent circuit:
(b)

ii

 β   120 
vth = voc = −β i R2 where i + β i + ii = 0 and vth = R2   ii = 75kΩ   ii = 74400 ii
 β +1   121 

1-9 ©R. C. Jaeger & T. N. Blalock 3/23/15

Full file at https://testbanku.eu/Solution-Manual-for-Microelectronic-Circuit-Design-5th-Edition-by-Jaeger

 vx vx
Rth = ; ix = + βi but i + β i = 0 so i = 0 and Rth = R2 = 75 kΩ
ix R2
75 kΩ

74400 ii
Thévenin equivalent circuit:

1.29

(a) (b)
vi v v β +1 vi R 100kΩ
(a) ii = − β i = i + β i = vi R= = 1 = = 1.32 kΩ
R1 R1 R1 R1 ii β +1 76
(b) Source is ii in part (b).
vi −1 100kΩ
vi = −iR1 and ii = −i − β i = − ( β +1) i R= =− R1 = = 1.32 kΩ
ii β +1 76

1.30
The open circuit voltage is vth = −gm v R2 where v = +ii R1.
vth = −gm R1 R2ii = − ( 0.0025) ( 2x10 5 ) ( 2x10 6 ) ii = 1.0 x 10 9 ii
For ii = 0, v = 0, and Rth = R2 = 2 MΩ

1-10 ©R. C. Jaeger & T. N. Blalock 3/23/15

Full file at https://testbanku.eu/Solution-Manual-for-Microelectronic-Circuit-Design-5th-Edition-by-Jaeger

 1.31

( a) RAB = 10kΩ +10kΩ 10kΩ + (10kΩ 10kΩ) = 16 kΩ

( b) RCD = 10kΩ 10kΩ + (10kΩ 10kΩ) = 6 kΩ
( c) REF = 10kΩ 10kΩ (10kΩ +10kΩ) = 4 kΩ
( d ) Terminals B & D are the same as E & F. RBD = 4 kΩ

1.32

1.33

1.34 (a) If the 36 kΩ resistor was shorted, or the 82 kΩ resistor was open, then the output
voltage would be 0. If the 82 kΩ resistor was shorted, the output would be 18 V (unless the
36 kΩ resistor was also shorted. (b) If the 68 kΩ resistor was shorted, or the 27 kΩ resistor
was open, then the output voltage would be +9 V. If the 27 kΩ resistor was shorted, or the 68

1-11 ©R. C. Jaeger & T. N. Blalock 3/23/15

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 kΩ resistor was open, the output would be -9 V. Otherwise the voltage would be between –9
and +9 volts.
1.35
v

5V

3V

f (Hz)
1000 2000

1.36

1.37
4∠56 o
A= −4 0
= 4x10 4 ∠56 o A = 4x10 4 ∠A = 56 o
10 ∠0

1.38
10 −1∠ −12 o
(a) A = −3
= 50∠ −12 o A = 50 ∠A = -12 o
2x10 ∠0 o

(b)

1.39
R2 560kΩ 360kΩ 62kΩ
(a) Av = − =− = −46.7 (b) Av = − = −20.0 (c) Av = − = −31.0
R1 12kΩ 18kΩ 2kΩ

1-12 ©R. C. Jaeger & T. N. Blalock 3/23/15

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 1.40
R2 7500
vo ( t ) = −vi ( t ) = − ( 0.01sin 750π t ) = (−82.4 sin 750π t ) mV
R1 910
v 0.01V
ii = i = = 11.0μ A and ii ( t ) = (11.0 sin 750π t ) μ A
R1 910Ω

1.41 Since the voltage across the op amp input terminals must be zero, v- = v+ and vo = vi.
Therefore Av = 1.

1.42 Since the voltage across the op amp input terminals must be zero, v- = v+ = vi. Also, i- = 0.

1.43 Writing a nodal equation at the inverting input terminal of the op amp gives
v1 − v− v2 − v− v −v
+ = i− + − o but v- = v+ = 0 and i- = 0
R1 R2 R3
R R
vo = − 3 v1 − − 3 v2 = (−0.255sin3770t − 0.250sin10000t ) volts
R1 R2

1-13 ©R. C. Jaeger & T. N. Blalock 3/23/15

Full file at https://testbanku.eu/Solution-Manual-for-Microelectronic-Circuit-Design-5th-Edition-by-Jaeger

 1.44

b1b2b3 vO (V)

000 0

001 -0.625

010 -1.250

011 -1.875

100 -2.500

101 -3.125

110 -3.750

111 -4.375

1.45 Low-pass amplifier

1.46 Band-pass amplifier

1-14 ©R. C. Jaeger & T. N. Blalock 3/23/15

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 1.47 High-pass amplifier

1.48 Refers to Prob. 1.45

1.49

1.50 The gain is zero at each frequency: vo(t) = 0.

1.51
t=linspace(0,.005,1000);
w=2*pi*1000;
v=(4/pi)*(sin(w*t)+sin(3*w*t)/3+sin(5*w*t)/5);
v1=5*v;
v2=5*(4/pi)*sin(w*t);
v3=(4/pi)*(5*sin(w*t)+3*sin(3*w*t)/3+sin(5*w*t)/5);
plot(t,v)
plot(t,v1)
plot(t,v2)
plot(t,v3)

1-15 ©R. C. Jaeger & T. N. Blalock 3/23/15

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 2

-1

-2
0 1 2 3 4 5
x10-3
(a)
10

-5

-10
0 1 2 3 4 5
(b) x10-3

10

-5

-10
0 1 2 3 4 5
(c) x10-3

1-16 ©R. C. Jaeger & T. N. Blalock 3/23/15

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 10

-5

-10
0 1 2 3 4 5
(d) x10-3

1.52
(a) 4700 (1−.01) ≤ R ≤ 4700 (1+.01) or 4650Ω ≤ R ≤ 4750Ω
(b) 4700 (1−.05) ≤ R ≤ 4700 (1+.05) or 4460Ω ≤ R ≤ 4940Ω
(c) 4700 (1−.10) ≤ R ≤ 4700 (1+.10) or 4230Ω ≤ R ≤ 5170Ω

1.53

1.54

1.55
Yes, the resistor is within the allowable range of values.

1.56
(a) 5V (1−.05) ≤ V ≤ 5V (1+.05) or 4.75V ≤ V ≤ 5.25V
V = 5.30 V exceeds the maximum range, so it is out of the specification limits.
(b) However, if the meter is reading 1.5% high, then the actual voltage would be

1.57

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 1.58
At 30 o C, 7500Ω (1− 0.05) ≤ R ≤ 7500Ω (1+ 0.05) or 7120 Ω ≤ R ≤ 7880 Ω
Adding the effect of TC for ΔT = 45o C:
 2200 
R min = 7120Ω 1+ 45 6  = 7820 Ω R max = 7780Ω1+ 45 ( 2.2x10 −3 ) = 8550 Ω
 10 
7820 Ω ≤ R ≤ 8550 Ω with accumulated rounding
7830 Ω ≤ R ≤ 8650 Ω more exact calculation

1.59 I = 200 μA, R1 = 150 kΩ, R2 = 68 kΩ and R3 = 82 kΩ.

R2 + R3 1 1
I1 = I =I and similarly I 2 = I
R1 + R2 + R3 R1 R + R3
1+ 1+ 2
R2 + R3 R1
200 (1.02 ) 200 ( 0.98)
I1max = μ A = 112 μ A I1min = μ A = 88.2 μ A
150kΩ ( 0.90 ) 150kΩ (1.1)
1+ 1+
68kΩ (1.1) + 82kΩ (1.1) 68kΩ ( 0.90 ) + 82kΩ ( 0.90 )
200 (1.02) 200 ( 0.98)
I 2max = μ A = 112 μ A I 2min = μ A = 88.2 μ A
68kΩ ( 0.90) + 82kΩ ( 0.90 ) 68kΩ (1.1) + 82kΩ (1.1)
1+ 1+
150kΩ (1.1) 150kΩ ( 0.90)
I
V3 = I 2 R3 =
1 1 R
+ + 2
R1 R3 R1 R3
200μ A (1.02)
V3max = 9.60 V
1 1 68kΩ ( 0.9 )
+ +
150kΩ (1.1) 82kΩ (1.1) 150kΩ (1.1) (82kΩ) (1.1)
200μ A ( 0.98)
V3min = = 6.89 V
1 1 68kΩ (1.1)
+ +
150kΩ ( 0.9) 82kΩ ( 0.9 ) 150kΩ ( 0.9 ) (82kΩ) ( 0.9 )

1-18 ©R. C. Jaeger & T. N. Blalock 3/23/15

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 1.60 V = 1 V, R1 = 24 kΩ, R2 = 30 kΩ and R3 = 11 kΩ.
R1 V1
Let RX = R2 R3 then V1 = V =
R1 + RX 1+ RX
R1
30kΩ ( 0.9) (11kΩ) ( 0.9) 30kΩ (1.1) (11kΩ) (1.1)
R min
X = = 7.24kΩ R max
X = = 8.85kΩ
30kΩ ( 0.9) +11kΩ ( 0.9) 30kΩ (1.1) +11kΩ (1.1)
1(1.05) 1( 0.95)
V1max = = 0.824 V V1min = = 0.674 V
7.24kΩ 8.85kΩ
1+ 1+
24kΩ (1.1) 24kΩ ( 0.9)
V R3  V  1
I1 = and I 2 = I1 = 
R1 + RX R2 + R3  R1 + RX  1+ R2
R3
1(1.05) 1
I 2max = = 11.3 μ A
24kΩ ( 0.9 ) + 7.24kΩ
1+
( 30kΩ) ( 0.9 )
11kΩ (1.1)
1( 0.95) 1
I 2min = = 6.22 μ A
24kΩ (1.1) + 8.85kΩ ( 30kΩ) (1.1)
1+
11kΩ ( 0.9 )
R2 I
I 3 = I1 = 1
R2 + R3 1+ R3
R2
1(1.05) 1
I 3max = = 28.0 μ A
24kΩ ( 0.9 ) + 7.24kΩ
1+
(11kΩ) ( 0.9 )
30kΩ (1.1)
1( 0.95) 1
I 3min = = 18.6 μ A
24kΩ (1.1) + 8.85kΩ (11kΩ) (1.1)
1+
30kΩ ( 0.9 )

1.61
1
From Prob. 1.24: Rth =
1
gm +
R1
1 1
Rthmax = = 552 Ω Rthmin = = 451 Ω
1 1
0.002 ( 0.9 ) + 0.002 (1.1) +
7.5x10 4 (1.2 ) 7.5x10 4 ( 0.8)

1-19 ©R. C. Jaeger & T. N. Blalock 3/23/15

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 1.62 For one set of 200 cases using the Equations in Prob. 1.59 (mA & kΩ):
I = 0.200 * ( 0.98 + 0.04 * RAND()) R1 = 150 * ( 0.9 + 0.2 * RAND())
R2 = 68* ( 0.9 + 0.2 * RAND()) R3 = 82 * ( 0.9 + 0.2 * RAND())

I1 I2 V3

Min 89.9 μA 91.2 μA 7.34 V

Max 110 μA 109 μA 9.23 V

Average 100 μA 99.8 μA 8.23 V

1.63 For one set of 200 cases using the equations in Prob. 1.60.
V = 1* ( 0.95 + 0.1* RAND()) R1 = 24000 * ( 0.9 + 0.2 * RAND())
R2 = 30000 * ( 0.9 + 0.2 * RAND()) R3 = 11000 * ( 0.9 + 0.2 * RAND())

V1 I2 I3

Min 0.685 V 6.70 μA 19.7 μA

Max 0.814V 10.1 μA 27.1 μA

Average 0.754 V 8.49 μA 22.9 μA

1.64 3.29, 0.995, -6.16; 3.295, 0.9952, -6.155

1.65 (a) (1.763 mA)(20.70 kΩ) = 36.5 V (b) 36 V

(c) (0.1021 A)(97.80 kΩ) = 9.99 V; 10 V

1-20 ©R. C. Jaeger & T. N. Blalock 3/23/15

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