Unit 1 Introduction
Unit 1 Introduction
dx
A cos( t )
dt
and
d 2x
2 A sin( t ) 2 x
dt 2
2 3
3/3/2015 Hareesha N G, Asst. Prof, DSCE, BLore-78 17
PARTS OF A VIBRATING SYSTEM
• Energy enters the system with the application of external force known as
excitation.
• The excitation disturbs the mass from its mean position and the mass goes
up and down from the mean position.
• The kinetic energy is converted into potential energy and potential energy
into kinetic energy. This sequence goes on repeating and the system
continues to vibrate.
x
v a
k
c m
F = kx F = cv F = ma
TYPES OF VIBRATION
Some of the important types of vibration are as follows
1) Free and Forced Vibration
• After disturbing the system, the external excitation is removed. then the
system vibrates on its own. This type of vibration is known as free
vibration.
– Simple pendulum is one of the examples.
• The vibration which is under the influence of external force is called
forced vibration.
– Machine tools, electric bells etc. are the suitable examples.
2) Linear and Non-linear Vibration
• In a system., if mass, spring and damper behave in a linear manner, the
vibrations caused are known as linear in nature.
– Linear vibrations are governed by linear differential equations.
– They follow the law of superposition.
• On the other hand, if any of the basic components of a vibratory system
behaves non-linearly, the vibration is called non-linear.
– Linear vibration becomes, non-linear for very large amplitude of vibration.
– It does not follow the law of superposition.
2
d
2
n
3/3/2015 Hareesha N G, Asst. Prof, DSCE, BLore-78 22
TYPES OF VIBRATION (Contd..)
4) Deterministic and Random Vibration
• If in the vibratory system, the amount of external excitation is
known in magnitude, it causes deterministic vibration.
• Contrary to it, the non-deterministic vibrations are known as
random vibrations.
x Asin( ) A sin( t )
dx
A cos( t )
dt
and
d 2x
2 A sin( t ) 2 x
dt 2
http://historicaltuning.co
m/BeatsVideo.mp4
https://www.youtube.com/
Again after some time the two watch?v=5hxQDAmdNWE
motions are in phase and produce
maximum amplitude and then
minimum amplitude.
This process goes on repeating and
the resultant amplitude
continuously keeps on changing
from maximum to minimum. This
phenomenon is known as beat.
3/3/2015 Hareesha N G, Asst. Prof, DSCE, BLore-78 30
MATLAB Program for solving Harmonic analysis
Problems
clc
clear all
syms t
w=20*pi;
n=1:6;
x1(t)=20*t;
x2(t)=-20*t+2;
x(t)=x1(t)+x2(t);
a0=20*(int(x1(t),t,0,0.05)+int(x2(t),t,0.05,0.1))
an=20*(int((x1(t)*cos(w*n*t)),t,0,0.05)+(int((x2(t)*cos(w*n*t)),t,
0.05,0.10)))
bn=20*(int((x1(t)*sin(w*n*t)),t,0,0.05)+(int((x2(t)*sin(w*n*t)),t,
0.05,0.10)))
% a0/2 =1
% an =[ -4/pi^2, 0, -4/(9*pi^2), 0, -4/(25*pi^2), 0]
%bn =[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
an=10*(int((x1(t)*cos(w*n*t)),t,0,0.2))
bn=10*(int((x1(t)*sin(w*n*t)),t,0,0.2))
an=100*(int((x1(t)*cos(w*n*t)),t,0,0.02))
bn=100*(int((x1(t)*sin(w*n*t)),t,0,0.02))