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Chapter 7 and 8: Liza, Isabella, Libby

The document covers topics in geometry including similarity, right triangles, trigonometry, and applications of the Pythagorean theorem. Several theorems are presented for proving similarity, classifying triangles as right/obtuse/acute, and solving for missing lengths in special right triangles. Examples of solving geometry word problems using angles of elevation/depression and trigonometric ratios are provided.

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143 views24 pages

Chapter 7 and 8: Liza, Isabella, Libby

The document covers topics in geometry including similarity, right triangles, trigonometry, and applications of the Pythagorean theorem. Several theorems are presented for proving similarity, classifying triangles as right/obtuse/acute, and solving for missing lengths in special right triangles. Examples of solving geometry word problems using angles of elevation/depression and trigonometric ratios are provided.

Uploaded by

api-385932886
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Chapter 7 and 8

Liza, Isabella, Libby


Chapter 7 Warm Up

Are the polygons similar? If they are, give the similarity


ratio. If not, then explain.
Similar figures

Same shape but not necessarily the same sides

Two polygons are similar if…

1. Corresponding angles are congruent


2. The length of the corresponding sides are proportional
Scale factor-

Ratio of corresponding linear measurements of two similar


figures
Proportions in Triangles-

Triangle proportionality theorem: If a line is parallel to


one side of a triangle and intersects the other 2 sides,
then it divides those sides proportionality
Triangle-Angle-Bisector Theorem

If a ray bisects an angle of a triangle then it divides the


opposite side into segments that are proportional to the
other two sides.
Proving Triangles Similarity

In order for a triangle to be proven congruent…

● Angle-angle (AA~)
● Side-angle-side (SAS~)
● Side-side-side (SSS~)
Similarity in Right Triangles-

Theorem 7-3: The altitude to the hypotenuse of a right


triangle divides the triangle into two triangles that are
similar to the original triangle and to each other.

Geometric mean: proportion such as a/x = x/b

Ex: 2/x = x/18


Similarity in Right Triangles continued

Corollary to Theorem 7-3: The lengths of the altitude to the


hypotenuse of a right triangle is the geometric mean of the
lengths of the segments of the hypotenuse

Short leg = long leg

Short leg long leg


Similarity in right triangles continued
Chapter 8 Warm-up!

Trig problem! Solve for h and


round to the nearest tenth:
The Pythagorean Theorem

● Pythagorean Theorem: a2+b2=c2


○ Note: the “c” must be the length of the hypotenuse, and “a” and “b”
must be the length of the legs.
● Pythagorean Triple: a set of nonzero whole numbers a, b,
and c that satisfies the equation a2+b2=c2. Here are some
examples:
○ 3, 4, and 5
○ 5, 12, and 13
○ 7, 24, and 25
Theorems for the Pythagorean Theorem!

● If c2 = a2+b2,then the triangle is a right triangle.


● If c2 > a2+b2, then the triangle is obtuse.
● If c2 < a2+b2, then the triangle is acute.

Determine whether the side lengths make a right, acute, or


obtuse triangle:

● 4, 5, and 6
● 0.3, 0.4, and 0.6
Special Right Triangles: Triangle Theorems!
● 45-45-90 Triangle Theorem

In a triangle with angle measures of 45, 45, and 90 degrees,


both legs are congruent and the length of the hypotenuse is
2 times the length of a leg.

Solve for the length of


the hypotenuse:
Triangle Theorems Cont.

● 30-60-90 Triangle Theorem

In a triangle with angle measures of 30, 60, and 90 degrees,


the length of the hypotenuse is 2 times the length of the
shorter leg. The length of the longer leg is 3 times the
length of the shorter leg.

Solve for x and y:


Trigonometry!

● Sine Ratio
○ opposite/hypotenuse
● Cosine Ratio
○ adjacent/hypotenuse
● Tangent Ratio
○ opposite/adjacent
Practice Problem!

Solve for the missing leg:


Inverse Functions (how to solve on your calculator)
When you have the ratio of two sides of a triangle and are
solving for an angle, you will use one of the inverse trig
functions shown below (and you’ll plug in that ratio instead
of an angle like you usually do):
Trig Practice Problems!

Solve for the unknown angle:


Angles of Elevation and Depression

● Angle of Elevation- the angle formed


by an observer’s line of sight and
and a line above it.

● Angle of Depression- the angle


formed by an observer’s line of
sight and a line below it.
Example!

What is the angle of elevation?


Example Word Problem!

Miguel looks out from the crown of the Statue of Liberty


approximately 250 ft above ground. He sights a plane in the
air at an angle of elevation of 18 degrees. The plane is 620
feet away from him. How far is the plane off the ground?
(note: this is a multistep problem.)
Another Practice Problem (try on your own)!
A submarine is 791 ft away from a ship (it is not directly
under it). The angle of elevation from the submarine to the
boat is 23 degrees. About how deep underwater is the
submarine (rounded to the nearest whole number)?
Kahoot!

https://play.kahoot.it/#/?quizId=5019de3e-65a5-4a2f-8100-fb0
cb569da58&user=lizarichardson&token=d2dbd912-6363-4d02-bc16-
58cc824c7844

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