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    Tutorial 6

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    kishan shukla
    This document provides three tutorial problems about central forces and mechanics: 1. A mass attached to a spring moves in a circular orbit, and the problems ask to find the orbit radius and velocity, and analyze the system's energy before and after a perturbation. 2. A particle moves under a potential V(r) = βrk, and the problems ask to find properties of a possible circular orbit and small oscillations about it. 3. General equations of motion are derived for a particle under a central force, and specific problems analyze the trajectories for various force laws.

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    Tutorial 6

    Uploaded by

    kishan shukla
    45 views1 page
    This document provides three tutorial problems about central forces and mechanics: 1. A mass attached to a spring moves in a circular orbit, and the problems ask to find the orbit radius and velocity, and analyze the system's energy before and after a perturbation. 2. A particle moves under a potential V(r) = βrk, and the problems ask to find properties of a possible circular orbit and small oscillations about it. 3. General equations of motion are derived for a particle under a central force, and specific problems analyze the trajectories for various force laws.

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    This document provides three tutorial problems about central forces and mechanics: 1. A mass attached to a spring moves in a circular orbit, and the problems ask to find the orbit radius and velocity, and analyze the system's energy before and after a perturbation. 2. A particle moves under a potential V(r) = βrk, and the problems ask to find properties of a possible circular orbit and small oscillations about it. 3. General equations of motion are derived for a particle under a central force, and specific problems analyze the trajectories for various force laws.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    45 views1 page

    Tutorial 6

    Uploaded by

    kishan shukla
    This document provides three tutorial problems about central forces and mechanics: 1. A mass attached to a spring moves in a circular orbit, and the problems ask to find the orbit radius and velocity, and analyze the system's energy before and after a perturbation. 2. A particle moves under a potential V(r) = βrk, and the problems ask to find properties of a possible circular orbit and small oscillations about it. 3. General equations of motion are derived for a particle under a central force, and specific problems analyze the trajectories for various force laws.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 1

    PHY: 102A Mechanics

    Tutorial 6: Central forces

    February 14, 2018

    1 Turning points: Kleppner 9.5


    A 2-kg mass on a frictionless table is attached to one end of a massless spring. The other end of the spring is held
    by a frictionless pivot. The spring produces a force of magnitude 3r Newtons on the mass, where r is the distance
    in meters from the pivot to the mass. The mass moves in a circle and has a total energy of 12 J.
    (a) Find the radius of the orbit and the velocity of the mass.
    (b) The mass is struck by a sudden sharp blow, giving it instantaneous velocity of 1 m/s radially outward. Show
    the state of the system before and after the blow on an energy diagram.
    (c) For the new, changed orbit, nd the maximum and minimum values of r.

    2 rk potential (Morin: 7.4)


    A particle of mass m moves in a potential given by V (r) = βrk . Let the angular momentum be L.
    (a) Find the radius r0 of the possible circular orbit.
    (b) If the particle is given a small kick so that the radius oscillates around r0 , nd the radius of the small
    oscillations in r.
    (c) Find the ratio of the frequency ωr to the frequency of the circular motion ωθ = θ̇. For what values of k does
    the circular motion closes on itself? (recall the discussion in class regarding having stable orbits and the strange
    coincidence for gravitational potentials.)

    3 Equations and trajectories under central force:


    (a) Write down the radial(r) equation of motion for a particle under central force. Use the conserved angular
    momentum to get rid of any angular(φ) dependence.
    (b) Dene a new variable u = 1/r and show that the radial equation can be cast as:
    µ
    u00 (φ) = −u(φ) − F (1)
    L2 u(φ)
    where µ is the eective (reduced) mass, L is the magnitude of the conserved angular momentum and F is the
    magnitude of the central force.
    (c) For a free particle, show that the resulting trajectory is a straight line.
    (d) For forces in the form F = −β/r2 (gravitational, electrostatic) i.e. for potentials with V (r) = −β/r, show
    that the resulting trajectory, for non-zero L is an ellipse.
    (e) Find the trajectory for V (r) = βr2 .

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