Scribd
Upload
82 views12 pages

MODULE 03 Types of Data

This document describes different types of data commonly used in public health, including numerical and categorical variables. Numerical variables are divided into discrete, continuous, ratio, and interval scales. Categorical variables include nominal scales which classify without order, and ordinal scales which classify with order. Examples like gender and Likert scales are provided. The document also discusses datasets, data tables, and how variables and observations are typically organized in a table.

Uploaded by

tenri ashari
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
82 views12 pages

MODULE 03 Types of Data

This document describes different types of data commonly used in public health, including numerical and categorical variables. Numerical variables are divided into discrete, continuous, ratio, and interval scales. Categorical variables include nominal scales which classify without order, and ordinal scales which classify with order. Examples like gender and Likert scales are provided. The document also discusses datasets, data tables, and how variables and observations are typically organized in a table.

Uploaded by

tenri ashari
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 12

Module 2: Types of Data

This module describes the types of data typically


encountered in public health applications.
Recognizing and understanding the different data
types is an important component of proper data use
and interpretation.

Reviewed 15 April 2005 /MODULE 2

3-1
Data and Variables

Data are often discussed in terms of variables,


where a variable is:
Any characteristic that varies from one
member of a population to another.
A simple example is height in centimeters,
which varies from person to person.

3-2
Types of Variables

There are two basic types of variables: numerical


and categorical variables.

Numerical Variables: variables to which a number


is assigned as a quantitative value.

Categorical Variables: variables defined by the


classes or categories into which an individual
member falls.

3-3
Types of Numerical variables
• Discrete: Reflects a number obtained by counting—
no decimal.
• Continuous: Reflects a measurement; the number
of decimal places depends on the precision of the
measuring device.
• Ratio scale: Order and distance implied. Differences can
be compared; has a true zero. Ratios can be compared.
Examples: Height, weight, blood pressure
• Interval scale: Order and distance implied. Differences
can be compared; no true zero. Ratios cannot be
compared.
Example: Temperature in Celsius.
3-4
Ratio Scale

3-5
Categorical Variables

Defined by the classes or categories into which an


individual member falls.

• Nominal Scale: Name only--Gender, hair


color, ethnicity

• Ordinal Scale: Nominal categories with an


implied order--Low, medium, high.

3-6
NOMINAL SCALE

b. Appearance of plasma: b.

1. Clear……………………… 1.

2. Turbid…………………… 2.

9. Not done………………… 9.

3-7
ORDINAL SCALE
81.Urine protein (dipstick reading): 81.

1. Negative………………… 1.

2. Trace……………………. 2.

3. 30 mg% or +…………… 3.

4. 100 mg% or ++………… 4.

5. 300 mg% or +++………… 5.

6. 1000 mg% or ++++……… 6.

If urine protein is 3+ or above, be


sure subject gets a 24 hour urine
collection container and instruction
3-8
Likert Scale

Question: Compared to others, what is your


satisfaction rating of the National Practitioner Data
Bank?
1 2 3 4 5

Very Somewhat Neutral Somewhat Very


Satisfied Satisfied Dissatisfied Dissatisfied

3-9
Datasets and Data Tables

Dataset: Data for a group of variables for a


collection of persons.

Data Table: A dataset organized into a table, with


one column for each variable and one row for each
person.

3 - 10
Typical Data Table
OBS AGE BMI FFNUM TEMP( 0F) GENDER EXERCISE LEVEL QUESTION
1 26 23.2 0 61.0 0 1 1
2 30 30.2 9 65.5 1 3 2
3 32 28.9 17 59.6 1 3 4
4 37 22.4 1 68.4 1 2 3
5 33 25.5 7 64.5 0 3 5
6 29 22.3 1 70.2 0 2 2
7 32 23.0 0 67.3 0 1 1
8 33 26.3 1 72.8 0 3 1
9 32 22.2 3 71.5 0 1 4
10 33 29.1 5 63.2 1 1 4
11 26 20.8 2 69.1 0 1 3
12 34 20.9 4 73.6 0 2 3
13 31 36.3 1 66.3 0 2 5
14 31 36.4 0 66.9 1 1 5
15 27 28.6 2 70.2 1 2 2
16 36 27.5 2 68.5 1 3 3
17 35 25.6 143 67.8 1 3 4
18 31 21.2 11 70.7 1 1 2
19 36 22.7 8 69.8 0 2 1
20 33 28.1 3 67.8 0 2 1

3 - 11
Definitions for Variables
• AGE: Age in years
• BMI: Body mass index, weight/height2 in kg/m2
• FFNUM: The average number of times eating “fast food”
in a week
• TEMP: High temperature for the day
• GENDER: 1- Female 0- Male
• EXERCISE LEVEL: 1- Low 2- Medium 3- High
• QUESTION: Compared to others, what is your satisfaction
rating of the National Practitioner Data Bank?
1- Very Satisfied 2- Somewhat Satisfied 3- Neutral
4- Somewhat dissatisfied 5- Dissatisfied
3 - 12

You might also like