LAB/TUTORIAL 3

Title : Motherboard and CPU

Objective : At the end of this lab,we should be able to
1. Recognized motherboard components.
2. Recording and CMOS setting.

RECOGNIZING MOTHERBOARD COMPONENTS

RECORDING CMOS SETTINGS
RESEARCHING CPU on the INTERNET

1. Intel® Core™ i7 Mobile Processor Extreme Edition

Dominate and unleash your world of extreme gaming and multimedia by upgrading to the
ultimate intelligent performance of laptops powered by Intel® Core™ i7 mobile processor
Extreme Edition.

Control freaks, meet your revolutionary rig. Laptops with Intel Core i7 mobile processor
Extreme Edition supports Intel® Extreme Memory Profiles (Intel® XMP) and Intel Mobile
Iron City 1.3, the ultimate tuning utility making it simple to overclock and fine tune your
mobile rig for incredible performance and battery life optimizations.

Plus, with dual discrete graphics support, you'll experience the über performer for mind-
blowing graphics on the go, so you can game in full living color and unprecedented realism.

Features and benefits

Demolish mobile performance limits by upgrading to laptop PCs with Intel Core i7 mobile
processor Extreme Edition, designed from the ground up for revolutionary gaming
performance and graphics on the go.

Blistering speeds unleashed and built in:

• Maximize speed for demanding applications with Intel® Turbo Boost technology³,
accelerating processor clock speed up to 60% to match your workload.
• Empower highly-threaded apps with the screaming fast multi-threaded performance
of Intel® Hyper-Threading Technology (Intel® HT Technology).
• Get double the memory bandwidth to enhance performance with integrated
memory architecture.
• Enjoy a 25% improvement in highly-threaded games with hardware-based
technology that distributes artificial intelligence (AI), physics, and rendering across eight
software threads.
Based on SPECint_rate_base2006* scores. Results have been based on internal Intel analysis
and are provided for informational purposes only. Any difference in system hardware or
software design or configuration may affect actual performance.
Seewww.intel.com/performance/desktop/extreme/index.htm for additional information.

Intel® Core™ i7-920XM mobile processor with a 2.0 GHz base frequency reaches a
maximum single-core turbo frequency of 3.20 GHz.
See www.intel.com/technology/turboboost/.

2. ( i ) CELERON

The Celeron brand has been used by Intel for several distinct ranges of x86 CPUs targeted
at budget personal computers. Celeron processors can run all IA-32 computer programs, but
their performance is somewhat lower when compared to similar CPUs with higher-priced
Intel CPU brands. For example, the Celeron brand will often have less cache memory, or
have advanced features purposely disabled. These missing features have had a variable
impact on performance. In some cases, the effect was significant and in other cases the
differences were relatively minor. Many of the Celeron designs have achieved a very high
"bang for the buck", while at other times; the performance difference has been noticeable.
This has been the primary justification for the higher cost of other Intel CPU brands versus
the Celeron range.

(ii) PENTIUM 4

The Pentium 4 brand refers to Intel's line of single-core desktop and laptop central
processing units (CPUs) introduced on November 20, 2000 and shipped through August 8,
2008. They had the 7th-generation x86 micro architecture, called Net Burst, which was the
company's first all-new design since introduction of P6 micro architecture of the Pentium
Pro CPUs in 1995. Net Burst differed from the preceding P6 (Pentium III, II, etc.) by featuring
a very deep instruction pipeline to achieve very high clock speeds (up to 3.8 GHz) limited
only by TDPs reaching up to 115 W in 3.4 GHz –3.8 GHz Prescott and Prescott 2M cores. In
2004, the initial 32-bit x86 setoff the Pentium 4 microprocessors was extended by the 64-
bit x86-64 set.

(iii) ITANIUM

Itanium is a family of 64-bit Intel microprocessors that implement the Intel Itanium
architecture (formerly called IA-64). The processors are marketed for use in enterprise
servers and computing systems. The architecture originated at Hewlett-Packard (HP), and
was later jointly developed by HP and Intel.

Intended to push performance beyond existing designs, Itanium departed dramatically from
Intel's legacy x86 and other architectures. The Itanium architecture is based on
explicit instruction-level parallelism, in which decisions about which instructions to execute
in parallel must be made by the compiler. By contrast, other superscalar architectures depend
on elaborate processor circuitry to keep track of instruction dependencies during runtime.
Itanium cores up to and including Tukwila execute up to six instructions per clock cycle

(iv) ITANIUM 2

The Itanium 2 processor was released in 2002, and was marketed for enterprise servers
rather than for the whole gamut of high-end computing. The first Itanium 2, code-
named McKinley, was jointly developed by HP and Intel. It relieved many of the performance
problems of the original Itanium processor, which were mostly caused by an inefficient
memory subsystem. McKinley contained 221 million transistors (of which 25 million were
for logic), measured 19.5 mm by 21.6 mm (421 mm2) and was fabricated in a 180 nm, bulk
CMOS process with six layers of aluminium metallization.

In 2003, AMD released the Opteron, which implemented its 64-bit architecture (x86-64).
Opteron gained rapid acceptance in the enterprise server space because it provided an easy
upgrade from x86. Intel responded by implementing x86-64 in its Xeon microprocessors in
2004.
3.

Intel and AMD are off to the races again. This time it's about making PCs not just faster, but
more versatile.

The two longstanding PC chip rivals seem to agree, roughly, on one thing: the need to meld
the two key PC chips, the central and graphics processing units, into one processor. But they
both bring different strengths to achieve that end.

Why combine chips? Put simply, it takes less energy to move electrons across a chip than to
move those same electrons between two chips, so this saves energy, resulting in better battery
life for laptops. A point made by Insight 64 principal analyst Nathan Brookwood in a white
paper written for AMD, but which, in some fundamental respects, applies equally to Intel.

Heterogeneous computing combines functions typically found on a graphics processor with

the main CPU chip.
(Credit: AMD)
And CPUs and GPUs are suited to different kinds of computing. CPUs can handle a broad
array of tasks, while GPUs are more specialized but much faster at certain types of
operations. Future heterogeneous chips could find photos and videos in your library that
contain particular faces or places. Or recognize your face when you log in. In short, putting
both capabilities on one piece of silicon creates a brainier chip with more processing brawn.
The question, of course, is which company will deliver the goods and drive cutting-edge PC--
particularly laptop--designs in 2011? AMD claims that because it is also a supplier of GPUs,
via its ATI graphics chip unit, its products are more forward-looking because of the increased
emphasis on graphics that tap into key multimedia technologies like Microsoft's DirectX and
Apple's OpenCL.

AMD's Ontario (2010):

• From-the-ground-up redesign; very-low-power x86 core
• Single piece of silicon
• DirectX 11 ATI 5000 series GPU technology and new video decoder
• Targeted at Netbook, ultrathin laptops, and all-in-one PCs
• 40-nanometer "bulk" process; manufactured by TSMC*
• Q4 2010 with laptops 2011 *Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company

AMD's Llano (2011):

• DirectX 11 GPU, upgraded ATI 5000 series GPU technology and video decoder
• Single piece of silicon
• Targeted at mainstream and ultrathin laptops and certain desktop market segments
• 32-nanometer High K metal gate process; manufactured by Global foundries
• Due to ship in first half of 2011
REASEARCHING BIOS UPDATE on the INTERNET

BIOS Setup Utility

The BIOS Setup Utility is a hardware configuration program built into your computer’s BIOS
(Basic Input/
Output System).
Your computer is already properly configured and optimized, and you do not need to run this
utility. However, if
you encounter configuration problems, you may need to run Setup. Please also refer to
Chapter 4
Troubleshooting when problem arises.
To activate the BIOS Utility, press F2 during POST (when “Press <F2> to enter Setup”
message is prompted
on the bottom of screen).
Press F2 to enter setup. The default parameter of F12 Boot Menu is set to “disabled”. If you
want to change
boot device without entering BIOS Setup Utility, please set the parameter to “enabled”.
Press <F12> during POST to enter multi-boot menu. In this menu, user can change boot
device without
entering BIOS SETUP Utility.
Navigating the BIOS Utility
There are six menu options: Information, Main, Advanced, Security, Boot, and Exit.
Follow these instructions:
• To choose a menu, use the left and right arrow keys.
• To choose an item, use the up and down arrow keys.
• To change the value of a parameter, press F5 or F6.
• A plus sign (+) indicates the item has sub-items. Press Enter to expand this item.
• Press Esc while you are in any of the menu options to go to the Exit menu.
• In any menu, you can load default settings by pressing F9. You can also press F10 to save
any
changes made and exit the BIOS Setup Utilit

BIOS Flash Utility

The BIOS flash memory update is required for the following conditions:
• New versions of system programs
• New features or options
• Restore a BIOS when it becomes corrupted.
Use the Phlash utility to update the system BIOS flash ROM.
NOTE: If you do not have a crisis recovery diskette at hand, then you should create a Crisis
Recovery
Diskette before you use the Phlash utility.
NOTE: Do not install memory-related drivers (XMS, EMS, DPMI) when you use the Phlash.
NOTE: Please use the AC adaptor power supply when you run the Phlash utility. If the
battery pack does not
contain enough power to finish BIOS flash, you may not boot the system because the BIOS is
not
completely loaded.
Fellow the steps below to run the Phlash.
1. Prepare a bootable diskette.
2. Copy the flash utilities to the bootable diskette.
3. Then boot the system from the bootable diskette. The flash utility has auto-execution
function.