STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL

1) DESIGN CRITERIA
Weight of Materials
unit wt. of concrete = 24 KN/m3
unit wt. of silt = 18 KN/m3
unit wt. of water = 9.81 KN/m3
unit wt. of masonary = 20 KN/m3
unit wt. of rock = 20 KN/m3
Coeff of soil pressure = 0.34
load factored = 1.5
Take concrete grade C25

3) CALCULATION OF LOADS

Dead loads
Thickness of slab = 0.50 m
Height of wall = 4.90 m
Max water level = 1575.13 m
El. at the top of divide wall = 1575.73 m
El. at the bottom of divide wall = 1570.23 m
Foundation level = 1569.73 m
Wt. of wall = 219.2 KN/m
Wt. of slab = 43.5 KN/m

Soil and water pressure.

Height of earth level = 5.40 m
water pressure at the bottom of divide wall = 35.32 KN/m2
Earth pressure at the bottom of divide wall = 16.84 KN/m2

Siesmic Forces
Dynamic force = 16.488 KN/m2
Siesmic Force of the body :
wall = 26.30 KN/m
slab = 5.22 KN/m

Loads Forces Lever arm Moment

KN(+) KN (-) KN (+) KN(-) X- axis Y-axis M M
Water press 95.35 1.80 171.64
earth press 68.21 1.80 122.77
wt.earth (Tri) 147.74 2.73 403.81
wt.earth (Rect) 44.10 4.10 180.81
Base slab 43.50 2.175 94.61
wall (rect) 55.00 0.25 13.75
wall (tri) 164.15 1.62 265.38

454.49 163.56 294.41 958.36

 1575.7 0.5
0.60
1575.1 1575.13

0.68
1.00

6.00 5.50 4.90

1570.2 1570.2
0.50
1569.7

0.5 3.35 0.5 water press. Earth press.

4.35 35.32 16.84
KN/m2 KN/m2

2.89 Area 13.1325

206.08 KN/m2
KN/m2

Fig. soil pressure

Stability Check
I ) Check against overturning

FS overturning 
M R
= 3.26 > 1.5 Safe
M o

Where,
M R = 958.36 KN-m

M o
= 294.41 KN-m

ii) Check for tension crack

B
e x
2 = 0.705 < 0.73Safe

B
e allowable 
6
 B
e allowable 
6 = 0.73 m

Where, x
M = 1.47
V
M  M R 
= M
O
663.95 KNm

M R
= 958.36 KNm
= 294.41 KNm
M o = 454.49 KN
V
B = 4.35 m

iii ) Check for compression or crushing

a ) Vertical normal stress at u/s on horizontal plane

 ZU 
V 1  6e = 206.08 KN/m2
B  B
Where,
V = 454.49 KN
e = 0.705 m
B = 4.35 m

b ) Vertical normal stress at d/s on horizontal plane

 Zd 
V 1  6e  = 2.89 KN/m2
B  B
d
10791
iv) Check against sliding 13131
12342
8937
FS sliding  0 . 9 * F / Pa = 1.51 > 1.4 Safe 14424
10230

Where,
V = 454.49 KN

F = 272.691 KN (F = uV, Ignoring passive pressure)

Pa = 163.56 KN (sliding force)
Pp = 0 KN

Hence, Safe in Shear

Remark
 m
17224
16018
10286
10832
7692
13803
STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL (NO WATER PRESS./ DRY) K.N.Ojha
1) DESIGN CRITERIA 068-MST-256
Weight of Materials
unit wt. of concrete = 24 KN/m3
unit wt. of silt = 18 KN/m3
unit wt. of water = 9.81 KN/m3
unit wt. of masonary = 20 KN/m3
unit wt. of rock = 20 KN/m3
Coeff of soil pressure = 0.3
load factored = 1.5
Take concrete grade C25
3) CALCULATION OF LOADS
Dead loads
Thickness of slab = 0.50 m
Height of wall = 4.90 m
Max water level = 1575.13 m
El. at the top of divide wall = 1575.73 m
El. at the bottom of divide wall = 1570.23 m
Foundation level = 1569.73 m
Wt. of wall Unit wt*Volume of wall = 189.8 KN/m
Wt. of slab Unit wt*Volume of Slab = 37.5 KN/m
Soil and water pressure.
Height of earth level = 5.40 m
water pressure at the bottom of divide wall = 0.00 KN/m2
Earth pressure at the bottom of divide wall = 43.74 KN/m2
Siesmic Forces
Dynamic force 7/12*unit wt.of water*0.12*ht. of wall^.5*ht.of wall^3/2 = 16.488 KN/m2
Siesmic Force of the body :
wall 0.12 % of wall = 22.77 KN/m
slab 0.12 % of Slab = 4.50 KN/m

Loads Forces Lever arm Moment

KN(+) KN (-) KN (+) KN(-) X- axis Y-axis M0 MR Remark

Water press 0.00 0.00 0.00
earth press 118.10 1.80 212.58
wt.earth (Tri) 121.28 2.33 282.98
wt.earth (Rect) 44.10 3.50 154.35
Base slab 37.50 1.875 70.31
wall (rect) 55.00 0.25 13.75
wall (tri) 134.75 1.42 190.90
392.63 118.10 212.58 712.28

1575.7 0.5
0.60
1575.1 1575.13

0.6
1.00
 K.N.Ojha
068-MST-256
6.00 5.50 ###

1570.2 1570.2
0.50
1569.7

0.5 2.75 0.5 water presEarth press.

3.75 0.00 43.74
KN/m2 KN/m2
5.03 Not Considered
204.38 KN/m2
KN/m2
Area 11.3625
Fig. soil pressure

Stability Check
I ) Check against overturning

FS overturning 
M R
CL Cut Area
= 3.35 > 1.5 Safe
M o

Where,
M R = 712.28 KN-m Fill Area

M o
= 212.58 KN-m Ht. 4.9m
Cut area=Fill area
ii) Check for tension crack Ground Slope= 45°

B
e x
2 = 0.595 < 0.63Safe 3.75m

B
e allowable 
6 = 0.63 m

Where, x
 M= 1.28
V
M  M R  = M O 499.71 KNm

M R
= 712.28 KNm
 M R

Mo = 212.58 KNm K.N.Ojha

068-MST-256
= 392.63 KN
V
B = 3.75 m

iii ) Check for compression or crushing

a ) Vertical normal stress at u/s on horizontal plane

 ZU 
V 1  6e=  204.38 KN/m2
B  B

Where,
V = 392.63 KN
e = 0.595 m
B = 3.75 m
b ) Vertical normal stress at d/s on horizontal plane

 Zd 
V 1  6e = 5.03 KN/m2
B  B
iv) Check against sliding

FS sliding  0 . 9 * F / Pa = 1.80 > 1.4 Safe

Where,
V = 392.63 KN
F 0.6*V = 235.575 KN (F = uV, Ignoring passive prHor. Component
Pa = 118.10 KN (sliding force)
Pp = 0 KN
Hence, Shear Key is not Required
 K.N.Ojha
068-MST-256
 K.N.Ojha
068-MST-256

omponent