CHAF’”l3R 6

Pump-pipeline system analysisand

design

6 . 1S t a t i cL i f t = 85.00 - 52.00 = 33.00 m

P i p e l i n el e n g t h = 2000 m , D = 350 mm, k = 0.15 mm.

Km = 10.0
(i) C a l c u l a t et h ec o o r d i n a t e so nt h e‘ s y s t e mc u r v e ’

s h o w i n gt h e t o t a l h e a dr e q u i r e d t o s u p p l ys p e c i f i c
f l o w rates. I t is m o r es t r a i g h t f o r w a r d to specify

thefrictionhead i n t h e p i p e l i n e a n dc o m p u t et h e
c o r r e s p o n d i n gf l o w r a t e from:

Q = - 2AJ2gDhf/L l o g

t h e na d dt h em i n o rh e a d
[A +
2.51~
Dd2gDhf /L
loss at t h i s f l o w
1
rate
a n dt h e static l i f t .

hf (m) 5 30
10 25
15 20

Q (11s) 94.52
135.33
166.73
193.22 216.58
237.70
V (m/s) 0.98 1.41 1.74
2.472.252.01

10v2/2g (m) 0.49 1.01 1.52 2.06 3.11

2.58

Total head 38.49 44.01

49.52 55.06
60.58
66.11

Plot systemcurve and H v Q curve tofindoperating

w n d i t ion.

92
 0 50 100 I50 200

Q ( eb)
Q = 136 l/s: Hm = 4 4 m

Efficiency = 66%

Powerconsumption P = e rl
1000 X 9 . 8 1 X 0.136 X 44 kW
0 . 6 6 X 1000

= 8 8 . 9 kW

6.2 Data: as p r o b l e m 6.1. S y s t e mc u r v e i s same.

a) i) Pump H m v Q
c u r vfeopra r a l l eolp e r a t i o n is
o b t a i n e d b yd o u b l i n gt h ef l o w r a t e a t a number of

a r b i t r a r yh e a d s .S e eg r a p h i n p r o b l e m 1.
O p e r a t i n gc o n d i t i o n : Q = 182 l / s .

ii) Pump H m v Qc u r v ef o r s e r i e s o p e r a t i o n is
o b t a i n e db yd o u b l i n gt h eh e a d a t e a c ho f a number

o fa r b i t r a r yf l o w rates. S e eg r a p hi np r o b l e m 1.

O p e r a t i n gc o n d i t i o n : Q = 192 l / s .

b) i) A t Q = 175 l/s i n p a r a l l eol p e r a t i o n ,

Hm = 5 4 m. Q = 8 7 . 5 l / s p e r pump whence

93
 efficiency = 62%
power = 138.4 kW
ii) A t Q = 175 11s i n s e r i e s o p e r a t i o n

H = 68 m. At Q = 175 11s t h r o u g he a c h pump

efficiency = 58%
power = 186.3 kW.

6.3 R e q u i r e d Q = 250 1 1 s : Hrn = 6.0 m.

N = 960 r e v l r n i n .
C a l c u l a t es p e c i f i cs p e e d , Ns -
- NJQ
-
H3 l 4

( S e e t a b l e i nC h a p t e r 6)
Mixed flow t y p e r e q u i r e d .

6.4 N = 1450 r e v l m i n .S t a t i cl i f t (HsT = 8.0 m )

Hm ( m ) 20.0 19.2 17.0 13.7 8.7

P i p e l i n e loss ( m ) 0.0 0.7 2.3 4.8 9.0 - System

Curve
Loss + HST (m) 8.0 8.7 10.3 12.8 17.0

Calculatecoordinate of Hm v Q c u r v e s a t N2 (1200 r e v l m i n
and 1000 r e v l m i n ) .
2
N2 N2
Q, = Q (-) : H2 = H (-)
N1 N1
i n w h i c h Q,, HI a r e c o o r d i n a t e s o n t h e Hm v Q c u r v e a t

speed N1, Q, a n d H 2 a r e t h e c o r r e s p o n d i n g c o o r d i n a t e s
on t h e Hm v Q c u r v e a t N2.

94
N(rev/min)

Q1 (l/s) 0 10 20 30 40
1450
H1 (m) 20.0 19.2 17.0 13.7 8.7

Q2 (11s) 0 8.3 16.5 24.8 33.1

1200
H2 (m) 13.7 13.1 11.6 9.4 6.0

Q2 ( 1 1 s ) 0 6.9 13.8 20.7 27.6

1000
H2 (m) 9.5 9.1 8.1 6.5 4.1

Operating conditions: (Pump - system curve plot)

Speed ( rev/min) 1450 1200 1000

H (m) 13.2 10.4 8.6

Q (11s) 31 20.8 10.0

6.5 Specificspeed:

Operating conditions (seegraph)

Q = 245 l/s: Hm = 4.2 m

Pump curve at 700 rev/min

H(m) 7.0 6.3 5.5 5.0 4.6 4.1 3.5

960
Q(l/s) 0 50 100 150 200 250 300
H(m) 3.72
3.35
2.92
2.66
2.45
2.18
1.86
700
Q(l/s) 0 36.572.9109.4145.8182.3218.8

95
Operating conditions (see graph)

Q = 125 l/s: Hm = 2.55 m

Efficiency = 0.485
9.81 X 0.125 X 2.55 = 6.44 kW
Power = 0.485

50 too I50 200 250 300

RoN rate CC/S)

6.6 H = 5.0; = 60 l/s; E m = 40.0 m.

S

-= 0.986 X 10.198 = 10.055 m of water

Pg

-p, - - 0.023 X 10 .l98 = 0.0235 m of water

Pg
.*.N P S H = 10,055 - 5.0 - 0.0235 = 4.82 m.

Also N P S H = G Hm; 4.82 = U X 40.0

:. U = 0.12

b) Hs - h s 4.
-k 2g
Hs - hs + 0.6

96
 p /pg = 0 . 9 5 X 10.198 = 9 . 6 8 8 m
a
p,/pg = 0.0125 X 10.198 = 0.127 m
NPSH = 0 . 1 2 X 3 5 = 4 . 2 m

'a
NPSH = - - P,
Pg Hs- pg
4 . 2 = 9.688 - H - 0.127
S

.'. Hs = 5.36 m
a n d Hs I 5 . 3 6 - 0.6 = 4.76 m

6.7 C a l c u l a t e t h e h e a d l o s s i n t h e p i p e l i n e when t h e

f l o w r a t e is 7 0 l/s.

L = 5000 m; D = 3 0 0 mm; k = 0 . 1 5 mm
5
k/D = 0 . 0 0 0 5 ; Re = 2 . 6 X 10 ; X = 0.0185

- - 15.4 m
h f -2gD-
S a yh e a d loss = 16 m w i t hm i n o r losses
.*.s y s t e mh e a d a t 70 l/s = 26 m
To o b t a i n t h e s p e e do f t h e pump ( N Z ) t h i s is s u c h t h a t t h e

p o i n t Q2 = 70, H 2 = 26 on t h e N 2 c u r v e h a s a homologous
p o i n t which l i e s o n t h e H1-Q1 curve a t 1200 rev/min ( N 1 ) .

OS

L
Q

97
 The N 1 c u r v e c a n b e r e p r e s e n t e d b y

H1 = A Q 1 2 + B Q1 + c
C is c l e a r l y 47.0

To o b t a i n A a n d B i n p u t t w o o t h e r p a i r s of c o o r d i n a t e s
e.g. Q = 10 l/s; H = 46 m

and Q = 60 l/s; H = 20 m

to y i e l d A = - 0.007; B = - 0.03
Now
2
N1 N1
Q1 = Q (-1; HI = H (-1
N2 N2
I n ( i >a n d w r i t i n g X =
N-,1
N2

whence X = 0 .g656

and N 2 = 1200/0.8656 = 1386 r e v / m i n

K = 50; b = 20; rW = 0.15 m

Pumping t e s t . Q = 30 l / s = 2592 m 3 / d a y

O b t a i n t h e r a d i u s of i n f l u e n c , e R_.

3.0 =
2592 ROW
271 X 50 X 20 log, 0.15

98
 whence R = 215 m
0
Assuming .R a n d Q t h ez w v Q r e l a t i o n s h i pc a n be

obtained.

R /Q = 7 . 1 5
0

Using equation ( i)

60 60 Q (11s)
40 30 20

zW ( m ) 876.5.35.3.1.7058508

D e t e r m i n et h eh e a d loss v Q forthepipeline (see

Chapter 4 ) .

60 5 0 Q (11s)
40 30 20

hR (m) 1.38 3.14 5.54 8.56 12.21

W + (m) 5.26 8.14 11.69 15.91 20.78

S y s t e m head (m) 25.26 28.14 31.69 35.91 40.78

The s y s t e m c u r v e a n d pump c h a r a c t e r i s t i c c u r v e s f o r
series o p e r a t i o n p l o t g i v e s o p e r a t i n g c o n d i t i o n :
Q = 27.5 l/s, H = 27..5 m.

6 . 9 a) D i s c h a r g eu n d e rg r a v i t yo n l y .

Q = - 2AJ2gD h f / L l o g [A + 2.51v
DJ2gD h f / L

i n w h i c h hf = H - Cm V2 / 2 g

Using t h e i t e r a t i v e p r o c e d u r e of example 4 . 2 ( a ) :

Q = 1 3 7 . 6 11s.
b) With t h e booster pump i n s t a l l e d t h e s y s t e mc u r v e

is n e e d e d i n w h i c h case i t is easier t o e v a l u a t e

e q u a t i o n ( i ) a b o v e f o r Q , f o r a series of hf v a l u e s

99
a n dt h e na d dt h em i n o rh e a d l o s s as i n p r o b l e m 6.1.

hf ( m ) 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 100 120 140

Q (l/s> 64.4 92.0 113.2 131.1 146.9 161.2 174.3
h, ( m ) 0.5 0.9 1.4 1.9 2.4 2.9 3.3
Total systen head (m> 20.5 40.9 61.4 81.9 102.4 122.9 143.3
P l o t t h e pump h e a d v s . d i s c h a r g e a n d s y s t e m c u r v e s n o t i n g

t h a t t h ee f f e c t i v eh e a d of t h e pump a n dg r a v i t ys y s t e m is
t h e additionof t h e pump h e a da n d t h e g r a v i t y head o f 9 0 m .

O p e r a t i n gc o n d i t i o n s : Q = 166 l / s ; H
, = 40 m

( N o t et h a tt h ei n t e r s e c t i o n so ft h e H = 90 m l i n e w i t h t h e

systemcurvesimplyyieldsthegravityflowobtainedin a>

by d i r e c t m e t h o d . )

6.10 a ) With pump n o t i n s t a l l e d , p r o c e d u r e a s i np r o b l e m

5.1 ( C h a p t e r 5).

Estimate ZB = 80.0 m

H (m>
J u n cPtiipoen ZI-ZJ
(l/s)
Q Q/H *’( m )
B AB 20.0 84.163
4.208
1st CB -20.0
-30.949
1.547
11.88
correction DB -30.0 -15.892 0.530
C37.321
6.285

ZB = 91.88 m

100
 JunctP
i oi np e H (m)
zI-z Q QIH
J (11s) (m)

B AB 6.456
52.423
8.12

2nd CB -31.80
-39.421
1.237
-1.45

correction DB - 4 1-. 1
8 8 . 900. 485 1

C-5 - 9 0 6 8.144

Finally :

zB = 90.46 m

QAB = 5 7 . 1 11s; &Bc = 38.50 11s; %D = 18.6 11s

b )w i t h pump o p e r a t i n gi n BD b o o s t i n gf l o wt o D, t h e

h e a dp r o d u c i n gf l o w is ZD - ZB - H w h e r e H is t h e
P P
h e a dd e l i v e r e db yt h e pump. T h i s i s e q u i v a l e n tt o

l o w e r i n gt h el e v e li nr e s e r v o i r D by H An
P'
i n i t i a l estimate o f H c a nb eo b t a i n e df r o mt h e
P
manometric h e a d v . d i s c h a r g e c u r v e b a s e d on an
a s s u m e df l o w r a t e i n BD. S u b s e q u e n t l yt h ec o r r e c t e d

f l o w r a t e c a n be so u s e d ( s e e example 6 . 9 ) .

E s t i m a t e QBD = 20 11s. .'. H P = 27.5 m.

Estimate Z = 80.0 m
B
F l o w r a t e so b t a i n e df r o m

Q = - 2AJ2gD hf / L l o g

w h e r eh f = H.
[h + 2.51~
DJ2gD h f / L
1

101
 B AB 20.0 - 84.163
4.208
20.0

1st CB -20.0 - -20.0

-30.949
1.547
10.07

correction DB -30.0
27.5
-57.5
-22.286
0.387

1 3 0 . 9 2 76 . 1 4 3

ZB = 90.07 m

B AB 9.93 - 58.300
5.871
9.93

2nd CB -30.07 - -30.07

-38.246
1.272
-1.06

correction DB -40.07
26.5
-66.57
-24.039
0.361
C-3.9867.504
~~ ~~

B AB 10.99 - 61.498
10.99
5.596

3rd CB -29.01 - -29.01

-37.542
1.294
0.03

correction DB -39.01
26.5
-65.51
-23.841
0.364

C 0.1157.254
~

Finally:

ZB = 89.04 m

QAB = 61.4 lis; &Bc = 37.6 l i s ; QBD = 23.8 11s

E = 26.5 m
P
Efficiency 5 0 per c e n t
=
9 . 8 1 X 0.0238 X 2 6 . 5 = 12.4 kW
Power c o n s u m p t i o n = 0.5

102