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Sep 17, 2017 · 5 min read

ES5 vs ES6 ( With example code )

We have came so far

Pixabay & canva

Reducing code with Arrow Function

Arrow functions brought a lot of clarity & code reduction to Javascript. Let’s
take a look at di erent ways we can de ne function now.

Here is the ES5 version

function greetings (name) {

return 'hello ' + name
}

Now take a look at di erent ways we can de ne function in ES6

const greetings = (name) => {

return `hello ${name}`;
}

You can see the di erence we don’t have to use the function keyword to
de ne the function now but that’s now a big improvement right ?

Have a look at another way we can de ne a function in ES6

const greetings = name => `hello ${name}`;

This is some code reduction we are talking about earlier. In ES6 if your
function has a single parameter then you can altogether ditch the parenthesis
around the parameter.

Another thing to notice that we don’t have to write the return keyword to
return the computed value, in ES6 if you don’t write function body inside
braces the computed expression automatically get returned when the function
will be executed.

Manipulating objects in ES6 vs ES5

Objects get a major overhaul in ES6. Things like object destructuring and
rest/spread operators made it working with objects very easy now. Let’s jump
to the code and try to merge two objects in ES5.

var obj1 = { a: 1, b: 2 }
var obj2 = { a: 2, c: 3, d: 4}
var obj3 = Object.assign(obj1, obj2)

We have to merge the object using Object.assign() which takes both objects
as input and outputs the merged object. Let’s take a look how we can tackle
this problem in ES6.

const obj1 = { a: 1, b: 2 }
const obj2 = { a: 2, c: 3, d: 4}
const obj3 = {...obj1, ...obj2}
Top highlight

Simple isn’t it ? The spread operator makes merging objects a breeze for the
developer.

Let’s take a look at object destructuring now. If you have to extract multiple
values from ES5 you have to write 3–4 lines of code like this:

var obj1 = { a: 1, b: 2, c: 3, d: 4 }
var a = obj1.a
var b = obj1.b
var c = obj1.c
var d = obj1.d

Time consuming . Oh wait! we have ES6 here to rescue us.

const obj1 = { a: 1, b: 2, c: 3, d: 4 }
const {
a,
b,
c,
d
} = obj1

Cool! Last but not least look at another new feature for introduced for objects.

We de ne a object like this in ES5

var a = 1
var b = 2
 var c = 3
var d = 4

var obj1 = { a: a, b: b, c: c, d: d }

In ES6 you will do something like this:

var a = 1
var b = 2
var c = 3
var d = 4

var obj1 = { a, b, c, d }

Yeah, if the name of the key and the variable we are going to assign to that
key are same you can use this shorthand.

Promises vs Callbacks
Javascript is an Async language we all know that. This feature gives us a lot of
freedom when we write code. We have a non-blocking architecture in our
hand because of which we can write non-dependent code easily.

Here is an example how we write an Async function in ES5

function isGreater (a, b, cb) {

var greater = false

if(a > b) {
greater = true
}
cb(greater)

isGreater(1, 2, function (result) {

if(result) {
console.log('greater');
} else {
console.log('smaller')
}
})

Above we de ned a function named isGreater , which takes three

arguments a , b and cb . When executed the function check if a greater
than b and make the greater variable true , if not greater stays false .
After that isGreater calls the callback function cb and pass the greater

variable as the argument to the function.

In the next piece of code we call the isGreater function pass it a and b
alongside our callback function. Inside callback function we check if the result
is true or false and shows message according to it. Now let’s see how ES6
have handled this.

const isGreater = (a, b) => {

return new Promise ((resolve, reject) => {
if(a > b) {
resolve(true)
} else {
reject(false)
}
})
}
 isGreater(1, 2)
.then(result => {
console.log('greater')
})
.catch(result => {
console.log('smaller')
})

The ES6 Promises allows us to resolve and reject a request. Whenever we

resolve a request it will call the callback provided in then and whenever we
reject a request it will call the catch callback.

The ES6 promises are better then callback because it allows us to distinguish
easily between a success and error so we don’t have to check again for
things in our callback function.

Exporting & Importing Modules

exporting and importing module syntax changed completely with the
introduction of ES6 speci cation. Let’s take a look how we export a module in
ES5

var myModule = { x: 1, y: function(){ console.log('This is ES5')

}}

module.exports = myModule;

Here is the ES6 implementation

const myModule = { x: 1, y: () => { console.log('This is ES5') }}

export default myModule;

The ES6 syntax is more readable here. Alongside the export keyword ES6
also comes up with export default later on this rstly let’s take a look how
importing a module changed in ES6.

Here is the ES5 version

var myModule = require('./myModule');

Here is the ES6 version

import myModule from './myModule';

Cool ha !!

Okay so as promised now let’s talk about the export default . When you
export something using default we will import a module like this.

import myModule from './myModule';

The above line means something like this, we exported a module by default
and we have to import that whole module in your source le.

But ES6 also provides us with an ability to export and import multiple
child modules or variables from a single module.

So in your module le you will export your module something like this

export const x = 1;
export const y = 2;
export const z = 'String';

And import them something like this

import {x, y, z} from './myModule';

Pretty neat ha ? Here we used ES6 object destruction to import multiple child
modules from one single module.

. . .

Hi, My name is Manoj Singh Negi. I am a Javascript Developer and writer follow
me at Twitter or Medium.

I am available to give a public talk or for a meetup hit me up at

[email protected] if you want to meet me.

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Responses

Write a response…

Applause from Manoj Singh Negi (author)

Kushan Joshi
Dec 6, 2017 · 1 min read

Manoj this a great article! Liked the way you showed es5 vs es6 in a concise
manner.

There are some tiny issues, which I guess you can correct easily.

var obj3 = Object.assign(obj1, obj2)

var obj4 = {...ob1, ...obj2 };

Read more…

26

Conversation between Joshua S and Manoj Singh Negi.

Joshua S
Jan 17

“ Javascript is an Async language we all know that” … no it isn’t. Do your

research before you stitch copy/paste your articles on false assumptions like
that. It is more damaging than helpful…

75 1 response

Manoj Singh Negi

Jan 18

Thanks for that.

Show all responses