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Power System Protection: Submitted By: Tariq Jabbar

The document discusses power system protection at different voltage levels. It summarizes protection schemes at PEL Lahore including LV and MV switchgear panels, protection through circuit breakers and monitoring equipment. It also discusses the 220kV grid station layout and components. Transfopower protects transformers through arcing horns and powder coating to provide lightning and corrosion protection.

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Tariq Jabbar
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64 views5 pages

Power System Protection: Submitted By: Tariq Jabbar

The document discusses power system protection at different voltage levels. It summarizes protection schemes at PEL Lahore including LV and MV switchgear panels, protection through circuit breakers and monitoring equipment. It also discusses the 220kV grid station layout and components. Transfopower protects transformers through arcing horns and powder coating to provide lightning and corrosion protection.

Uploaded by

Tariq Jabbar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Power System Protection

POWER SYSTEM PROTECTION


INDUSTRIAL VISIT ASSIGNMENT (protection related schemes in PEL, 220Kv grid
and Transfopower, Lahore)

SUBMITTED BY: Tariq Jabbar


14-EE-175
SECTION C
1. PEL- Lahore:
Pak elektron limited has LT and HT protections.
Following are some key products in LV category.
LV Distribution Panel:
Indoor and outdoor type sheet steel fabricated, free standing, front or rear accessibility, cable
or bus duct connections are supplied complete with air circuit breakers, molded case circuit
breakers, load break switches, necessary meters, relays and instruments etc. Breakers of
either Used or draw–out versions can be supplied as required. Switchgears Panels are
extensible on both sides.
Technical Speciation:
Rated voltage up to 690/750V Rated current up to 6000A Rated S.C. Current up to 100KA
LV Power
Factor Improvement Panel (PFI):
These panels are used for power factor correction and manufactured as indoor units with
Used or automatic capacitor switching. The panel is designed to align and couple with the LT
distribution panels. If requested, reactors can be used to eliminate unwanted harmonics. The
PFI panel is of self-ventilating design. The components used are highly robust and reliable.
Microprocessor based control unit with built in PF meter, user–friendly programmable
parameters (sequence, C/K, switching delay etc.). Adequately rated air break contractors
backed by HRC fuses. Self-healing, internally protected, dry type capacitors, having very low
losses and rated for 1.1x Un and 1.3xIn.
Other LV Equipment:
PEL’s other LV Switchgear products include the following Relay and control panels for 132/
220KV Grid Stations AC/DC Auxiliary Services Panels Piano type control desks Distribution
boards for power as well as for lighting Feeder Pillars Any other special requirement.
MV EQUIPMENTS:
Following are some key products in MV category.
MV Metal Clad Switchgear Cubicles:
Features: Air insulated, single bus bar system Protection to IP4X (enhanced degrees as
option) Maintenance- free VCB/ SF6 breakers Interchangeability of similar rated breakers.
Safety: Metal clad and compartmentalized design to
IEC 62271-200: Easily and safely accessible service and test positions Prevention of
operator errors with interlocks Type tested as per IEC 62271-200 and WAPDA Standards
Flexibility: Adaptable to various types of switching devices (vacuum contractor/ disconnect
switches etc.) Technical Specification Rated voltage up to 17.5KV Rated current 630A –
2500A Rated short time current up to 40KA Protection class IP4X CB Type Vacuum / SF6

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2. 220 kV Grid NKLP:

single line diagram 220/132/11kv grid station NKLP Lahore

220kV Substation It is divided into to 3 parts:

Panel Section
1. Control Panel Section 2. Relay and Protection Panel Section
I. Switch Yard
1. 220kV Section 2. 132kV section 3. 33kV section
II. Battery Room

Panel Section It has two sections


I. Control Panel Section
It contains panels related to controlling of instruments. e.g. feeder panel, X-mer panel, etc.
II. Relay and Protection Panel Section
It contains panels related to relay systems and protection systems. e.g. Relay panel, line
protection panel, etc.

Switch Yard
It is the field where components used in controlling supply and measuring supply (incoming
and outgoing) are placed Some of these many components are:
 C.Bs
 Isolators
 C.Ts
 P.Ts
 L.As
 transformers, etc.

2
Purpose of Circuit Breakers in Power Systems:

1. Minimize losses in closed position


2. Open and close on command
3. Open or close a circuit to connect the power to/from the
transmission line (O - break, C - make)
4. Open a circuit for planned maintenance (O - break)
5. Open a circuit at system fault to protect the system behind
the circuit breaker (O break, O-C reclose, O-CO, auto-
reclose)
6. Isolate between poles, open contacts and earth x Busbar
Disconnector Circuit Breaker Power Transformer x Circuit
Breaker Network

Transformer mechanical protection:

Monitoring Panel Equipment:


• Ampere meters
• Voltmeters
• Kilowatt meters
• KVAR meters
• Power factor meters
• Energy Meters In the monitoring and control room, there are two kinds of panels; Monitoring &
Control

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Transfopower:
Transfopower Industries (Pvt) Limited is manufacturing Transformers from 5KVA to
5000KVA. It uses Protection from lightning through arcing horns for outdoor transformers.

Protection through Arching


Arcing horns provide a path for flashover to occur that bypasses the surface of the protected
device. Horns are normally paired on either side of an insulator, one connected to the high
voltage part and the other to ground, or at the breaking point of a switch contact. They are
frequently to be seen on insulator strings on overhead lines, or
protecting transformer bushings.

Arcing horns are installed on the transformers to protect the switch arm from arc damage. When
a high voltage switch breaks a circuit, an arc can establish itself between the switch contacts
before the current can be interrupted. The horns are designed to endure the arc rather than the
contact surfaces of the switch itself.

Protection through Powder Coating

Powder coating on state of the art automatic plant provides superior corrosion protection and
is aesthetically pleasing to the eye

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