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Form 5 Mathematics Chapter 4 Matrices

1. This document provides instructions and examples for adding, subtracting, multiplying, and taking the determinant and inverse of matrices. It also covers solving simultaneous equations using matrices. 2. The key matrix operations covered are addition, subtraction, and multiplication of matrices as well as finding the determinant, inverse, and using matrices to solve systems of linear equations. 3. Examples are provided to illustrate each type of matrix operation, including computing sums and differences of matrices, multiplying matrices, finding determinants, inverses, and using matrices to solve simultaneous equations.

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Gan J Xin
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100% found this document useful (1 vote)
3K views9 pages

Form 5 Mathematics Chapter 4 Matrices

1. This document provides instructions and examples for adding, subtracting, multiplying, and taking the determinant and inverse of matrices. It also covers solving simultaneous equations using matrices. 2. The key matrix operations covered are addition, subtraction, and multiplication of matrices as well as finding the determinant, inverse, and using matrices to solve systems of linear equations. 3. Examples are provided to illustrate each type of matrix operation, including computing sums and differences of matrices, multiplying matrices, finding determinants, inverses, and using matrices to solve simultaneous equations.

Uploaded by

Gan J Xin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHAPTER 4: MATRICES

ADDITION OF MATRICES

A. Find the sum of the following matrices.


3 4 6 −3 −8 5
1. ( )+( ) 2. ( )+( ) 3. ( )+( )
2 3 −7 2 4 0

7 4 −4 3 7 0 −1 8
4. ( )+( ) 5. ( )+( )
−3 1 2 8 −5 2 −2 4

SUBTRACTION OF MATRICES

B. Find the difference of the following matrices.


8 1 5 1 0 1
1. ( )−( ) 2. ( ) − ( ) 3. ( )−( )
5 4 0 3 −6 2

5 2 1 2 1 5 2 8
4. ( )−( ) 5. ( )−( )
6 8 2 3 −4 3 0 −2

MULTIPLICATION OF MATRICES

C. Find the product of the following matrices.


4 𝑚
1. 3( ) 2. 5( )
5 𝑛

2 −1 3 −𝑝
3. 4( ) 4. 2( )
3 1 𝑞 𝑞+2

𝑘 1 2
5. 𝑘( ) 6. (3 −1) ( )
2 −3 5

0 3 −1 1
7. ( ) (4 3) 8. ( )( )
1 4 2 3
CHAPTER 4: MATRICES

2 1 1 −3 −2 3 1 0
9. ( )( ) 10. ( )( )
−1 0 2 3 1 4 0 1

2 3 5 0 2 1 3 2
11. ( )( ) 12. ( )( )
1 4 2 1 5 4 1 8

D. Find the matrix 𝑀 for each of the following matrix equation:


2 4 −2 0
1. 3 ( ) + 𝑀 = ( ) 2. ( )−𝑀 = ( )
1 7 5 3

0 −1 1 2 2 1 6 −3
3. 2( )+𝑀 =( ) 4. 3( )+𝑀 =( )
3 5 −4 8 3 0 4 1

E. Find the values of 𝑚 and 𝑛.


𝑚 4 6 2 −2 8
1. ( ) (2 𝑛) = ( ) 2. ( ) (−1 𝑛) = ( )
3 6 9 𝑚 1 −4

𝑚 −6 −8 1
3. ( ) (𝑛 4) = ( ) 4. (2 3) ( ) = 4
3 9 12 𝑚
CHAPTER 4: MATRICES

IDENTITY MATRIX, 𝐼

F. Find the product of the following matrices.


1 2 1 0 1 2 0 1 5 1
1. ( )( ) 2. ( )( ) 3. ( )𝐼
3 4 0 1 3 4 1 0 2 4

DETERMINANT OF MATRICES

G. Find the determinant of the following matrices.


4 3 −3 4 −3 2
1. 𝐴=( ) 2. 𝐵 = ( ) 3. 𝐶=( )
1 2 1 2 1 −3

2 −1 2 4 5 −3
4. 𝐷=( ) 5. 𝐸=( ) 6. 𝐹=( )
2 3 2 6 −2 1

INVERSE OF MATRICES

H. Find the inverse of the following matrices.


3 4 3 −5 1 1
1. 𝐴 = ( ) 2. 𝐵=( ) 3. 𝐶=( )
1 2 1 −2 −3 1

4 1 6 5 3 1
4. 𝐸=( ) 5. 𝐹=( ) 6. 𝐺=( )
6 2 3 2 8 4
CHAPTER 4: MATRICES

3 −2 4 −3 3 1
7. 𝐻=( ) 8. 𝐽=( ) 9. 𝐾=( )
4 1 2 1 4 −1

SOLVING SIMULTANEOUS EQUATIONS USING MATRICES

I. Find the value of 𝑥 and of 𝑦 for each of the following.


1. 3𝑥 − 4𝑦 = 23 2. 4𝑥 − 𝑦 = 7
2𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 4 2𝑥 + 5𝑦 = −2

3. 5𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 4 4. 2𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 2
2𝑥 − 𝑦 = −5 𝑥 + 5𝑦 = −6

5. 2𝑥 − 𝑦 = −8 6. 3𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 3
𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 10 6𝑥 + 5𝑦 = 9
CHAPTER 4: MATRICES

J. Solve the following problems.

−4 2 2
1. ( ) +3( ) = 2. ( ) (3 −2) =
7 −1 1
A.
−2
( ) B. (
−2
) A. (4) B. (
6 −4
)
6 4 3 −2
C.
2
( ) D.
2
( ) C. (6 −2) D. (
2 3
)
8 4 1 −2

4 6 4. Given that 3(1 −2) + 𝐹 = (4 6), then 𝐹 =


3. (1 2 −1) ( 2 0) =
−3 2
A.
11
( ) B. (11 4) A. (3 8) B. (1 8)
4
C.
5
( ) D. (5 4) C. (1 12) D. (7 0)
4

1 4 5) ( 4 ) = (11), find the value of 𝑝.


−2 6. Given that (2𝑝
5. (−2 3) ( ) = −1
1
0 2
2 −2 4 A. 1 B.
1
A. (−1 ) B. ( 4 3) 2
2 0 2
2 4 −2 C. 2 D.
1
C. (7 ) D. (3 4 ) 4
2 2 0

𝑦 3 2 1 0
7. Given that (−2 𝑦) ( ) = (36), find the value of 𝑦. 8. ( ) − 2( )=
6 −6 4 −2 5
A. 4 B. 9 A. (
2 2
) B. (
1 0
)
−4 −1 −2 −1
C. 6 D. 18 C. (
1 2
) D. (
1 0
)
−2 −6 −4 2

5 3 1 −8 3 1 2
9. ( )−( )+ ( )= 10. ( )( ) =
2 −4 2 6 0 −4 −1
−6 −2 5 6 2
A. ( ) B. ( ) A. ( ) B. ( )
9 1 4 0 −8
−6 −2 7 6 −1
C. ( ) D. ( ) C. ( ) D. ( )
1 9 6 0 4

1 2 1 −1 2 0
11. 2 ( )−( )= 12. Given that (𝑝 4) ( ) = (12 4), the value of 𝑝 is
5 3 0 8 −𝑝 1
A. (
0 3
) B. (
1 3
) A. 2 B. −4
5 −5 10 −5
C. (
1 5
) D. (
0 3
) C. 3 D. −6
10 −2 5 −2

𝑥 1 −8 7 1 3 −1 −2 1
13. Given that ( ) − 3 ( ) = ( ). Find the value of 𝑥 and of 𝑦. 14. ( ) + 2( )−( )=
2 −4 𝑦 5 2 2 0 −4 3
A. 𝑥 = −5 , 𝑦 = 6 B. 𝑥 = −7 , 𝑦 = 6 A. (
15 −2
) B. (
11 −2
)
13 −1 5 −1
C. 𝑥 = −5 , 𝑦 = 14 D. 𝑥 = −7 , 𝑦 = 14 C. (
15 0
) D. (
11 0
)
13 5 5 5

15. (3 −4 1) − (2 1 −5) + 3(−1 0 2) =

A. (0 −5 8) B. (−2 4 8)

C. (0 4 2) D. (−2 −5 12)
CHAPTER 4: MATRICES

7 −4
16. It is given that matrix 𝐻 = ( ). (b) Write the following simultaneous linear equations as a
4 −2 matrix equation.
(a) Find the inverse matrix of 𝐻. 7𝑥 − 4𝑦 = 23
4𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 13
Hence, using matrices, calculate the value of 𝑥 and of 𝑦.

17. Given that (


1 −5
)𝑀 = (
1 0
), find the matrix 𝑀. (a) Write the following simultaneous linear equations as a
1 −3 0 1 matrix equation.
𝑥 − 5𝑦 = 18
𝑥 − 3𝑦 = 14
Hence, using matrices, calculate the value of 𝑥 and of 𝑦.

18. Given that (


2 1
)𝑁 = (
1 0
), where 𝑁 is a 2 × 2 matrix. (b) Write the following simultaneous linear equations as a
3 4 0 1 matrix equation.
(a) Find 𝑁. 2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 5
3𝑥 + 4𝑦 = 10
Hence, using matrices, calculate the values of 𝑥 and 𝑦.
CHAPTER 4: MATRICES

19. The inverse matrix of (


2 −3
) is 𝑚 (
−1 3
). (b) Write the following simultaneous linear equations as a
2 −1 −2 𝑛 matrix equation:
(a) Find the value of 𝑚 and of 𝑛. 2𝑥 − 3𝑦 = 5
2𝑥 − 𝑦 = 3
Hence, using matrices, calculate the value of 𝑥 and of 𝑦.

3 𝑘
20. It is given that 𝑀 = ( ). (c) Write the following simultaneous linear equations as a
4 2 matrix equation.
(a) Find the value of 𝑘 if 𝑀 has no inverse matrix. 3𝑥 + 𝑦 = −3
4𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 2
Hence, using matrices, calculate the value of 𝑥 and of 𝑦.

(b) If 𝑘 = 1, find the inverse matrix of 𝑀.

21. Given that 𝑡 (


2 −1 3
)(
1
)=(
1 0
), find the values of 𝑡 (a) Hence, using matrices, calculate the values of 𝑥 and 𝑦
4 3 𝑟 2 0 1 2 −1 𝑥 11
and 𝑟. which satisfy the matrix equation ( ) (𝑦) = ( ).
4 3 −3
CHAPTER 4: MATRICES

22. The inverse matrix of (


5 3 1
) is (
2 −3
). (b) Write the following simultaneous linear equations as a
4 2 𝑚 −4 𝑛 matrix equation.
(a) Find the value of 𝑚 and of 𝑛. 5𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 1
4𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 2
Hence, using matrices, calculate the values of 𝑥 and of 𝑦.

23. It is given that matrix 𝐴 = (


5 −4
) and matrix 𝐵 = (b) Write the following simultaneous linear equations as a
3 −2 matrix equation.
𝑞 4 1 0
𝑝( ) such that 𝐴𝐵 = ( ). 5𝑥 − 4𝑦 = 12
−3 5 0 1 3𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 8
(a) Find the values of 𝑝 and 𝑞.
Hence, calculate the values of 𝑥 and 𝑦 using matrices.

𝑘 2 2 −4 (b) Write the following simultaneous linear equations as a


24. It is given that ( 11) is the inverse matrix of (−1 ). matrix equation.
2
3
(a) Find the value of 𝑘. 2𝑥 − 4𝑦 = 14
−𝑥 + 3𝑦 = −9
Hence, using matrices, calculate the value of 𝑥 and of 𝑦.
CHAPTER 4: MATRICES

Answers: H.
1 −2
A. 1. (− 1 3 )
2 2
7
1. ( )
5
3 2 −5
2. ( ) 2. ( )
−5 1 −3
−3
3. ( ) 1 1
4 −
3 7 3. (43 4
)
4. ( ) 1
−1 9 4 4
6 8
5. ( )
−7 6 1
1 −
4. ( 2)
B. −3 2
7
1. ( ) 2 5
1 −
4 5. ( 3 3 )
2. ( ) 1 −2
−3
−1
3. ( ) 1
−4 1 −
4 0 6. ( 4
)
4. ( ) 3
4 5 −2
4
−1 −3
5. ( )
−4 5 1 2
11 11
7. ( 3)
C. −
4
12 11 11
1. ( )
15
5𝑚 1 3
2. ( )
5𝑛 8. ( 101 10
2)
8 −4 −
3. ( ) 5 5
12 4
6 −2𝑝
4. ( ) 1 1
2𝑞 2𝑞 + 4
2 9. (74 7
3)
5. ( 𝑘 𝑘 )

2𝑘 −3𝑘 7 7
6. (1)
7. (
0 0
) I.
4 3 1. 𝑥 = 5 ; 𝑦 = −2
0 3
8. ( ) 2. 𝑥 = ; 𝑦 = −1
10 2

9. (
4 −3
) 3. 𝑥 = −1 ; 𝑦 = 3
−1 3 4. 𝑥 = 4 ; 𝑦 = −2
−2 3
10. ( ) 5. 𝑥 = −2 ; 𝑦 = 4
1 4
16 3 6. 𝑥 = −1; 𝑦 = 3
11. ( )
13 4
7 12 J.
12. ( )
19 42 1. B
2. B
D.
3. B
−2
1. ( ) 4. C
4
−2 5. A
2. ( )
2 6. C
1 4 7. B
3. ( )
−10 −2 8. C
0 −6
4. ( ) 9. D
−5 1
10. A
E. 11. C
1. 𝑚 = 2 ;𝑛 = 3 12. D
2. 𝑚 = −1 ; 𝑛 = 4 13. C
3. 𝑚 = −2 ; 𝑛 = 3 14. A
4. 𝑚=
2 15. D
3 −1 2 1
16. (a) (−2 7 ) (b) 𝑥 = 3 ; 𝑦 = −
2
F. 2
3 5
1 2 −
1. ( ) 17. (a) ( 2 2
(b) 𝑥 = 8 ; 𝑦 = −2
3 4 1 1)
2 1 −
2. ( ) 2 2
4 3 4 1
5 1 −
3. ( ) 18. (a) ( 5 5
) (b) 𝑥 = 2 ; 𝑦 = 1
2 4 −
3 2
5 5
1
G. 19. (a) 𝑚 = ;𝑛 = 2 (b) 𝑥 = 1 ; 𝑦 = −1
4
1. 5 1
1 −
2. −10 20. (a) 𝑘 =
3
(b) ( 2
) (c) 𝑥 = −4 ; 𝑦 = 9
2 3
3. 7 −2
2
4. 8 21. 𝑡 =
1
; 𝑟 = −4 (a) 𝑥 = 3 ; 𝑦 = −5
5. 4 10
22. (a) 𝑚 = −2 ; 𝑛 = 5 (b) 𝑥 = 2 ; 𝑦 = −3
6. −1 1
23. (a) 𝑝 = ; 𝑞 = −2 (b) 𝑥 = 4 ; 𝑦 = 2
2
3
24. (a) 𝑘 = (b) 𝑥 = 3 ; 𝑦 = −2
2

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