cPps dSls lksprs gSa& vkidk vyx&vyx mez ds

cPpksa ls okLrk iM+k gksxkA vius vuqHkoksa ls D;k

vki ekurs gS fd cPps cgqr NksVh mez ls gh lh[kuk
‘kq: dj nsrs gSa vkSj lh[kus dk ;g flyflyk yxkrkj tkjh
jgrk gSA ;k vki lksprs gSa fd tc cPps Ldwyh i<+kbZ
‘kq: djrs gSaA os ,d [kkyh LysV dh rjg gksrs gS vkSj
mUgsa lc dqN Ldwy esa lh[k;k tkrk gSA njvly cPpsa
mu lHkh phtksa ls lh[krs gSa ftUgsa os ns[krs gSa
;k vuqHko djrs gSA Ldwy ‘kq: djus ls igys gh os
dkQh dqN lh[k pqds gksrs gSA vkSj Ldwy esa
i<+kbZ djrs gq, Hkh Ldwy ls ckgj dh nqfu;k ls mudk
oh[kuk tkjh jgrk gSA vxj ge ;g ekurs gSa fd cPps
flQZ Ldwy esa lh[krs gSa rks b ldh otg ;g fd lh[kus
ds ckjs esa gekjh le> gh xyr gksrh gSA tc dksbZ
cPph fdlh ftXlk igsyh dks gy djus esa ?k.Vksa yxh
jgrh gS rks cM+s yksx mls vDlj ;g dg dj MkaVrs gS f
dog oDr cjckn dj jgh gSA bu cM+s yksxksa dks ‘kk;n
gh bl ckr dk vglkl gksrk gS fd ,sl sgh [ksyksa ls
phtksa ds vkdkjksa ds ckjs esa ml cPph dh le> csgrj
gks jgh gSaA vkSj bl jg ls lh[kus dk dke fcuk
fdlhvkSipkfjd i<+kbZ ds Ldwy ds ckgj gks jgk gSA
cPpksa ds lh[kus dk dke vkSj cPpksa ds lh[kus ds

1|Page
ckjs esa bl igyw dks utj vankt djds vxj ge fdUgh Hkh
/kkj.kkvksa ij vk/kkfjr ikB~;dze cukrs gSa rks xf.kr
esa ;k vkSj fdlh Hkh fc”k; esa cPpksa dh :fp [kRe
gksuk LokHkkfod gSA tUe ysrs gh cPps vius
bnZ&fxnZ dh nqfu;k dks eglwl djus yxrs gS vkSj
/khj&/khjs mlds ckjs esa viuh ,d le> cukus yxrs
gSaA dqN le; ckn os vius vklikl ds ekgkSy ls T;knk
rkyesy cSBkus yxrs gS ns[kdj] lqudj] p[kdj vkSj
lwa?kdj phtksa dks eglwl djus yxrs gS tc dksbZ
uUgh cPph tehu ij pyrs gq, maxyh ls /kqy mBkrh gS]
;k fdlh Nsan esa maxyh Mkyrh gS] rc mlds fnekax
esa D;k py jgk gksrk gS] vkSj muds tokc ikus dh
dksf’k’k ugha djjgh gksrhA bl ckjs esa viuh ,d le>
cuk dj D;k og mldks ij[k ugha jgh gksrh gSA ;g u
[kRe gksus okyh mRlqdrk [kkstchu djus dh {kerk
vkSj vius vklikl dh nqfu;k dks le>us dh yxkrkj pkg
gks rks tks bl uUgh cPph dks ,d vUos”kd [kksth]
fu.kZ; ysus okyh uUgh oSKkfud cukrs gSaA Bhd
;gh ckr cM+s cPpksa ij Hkh ykxw gksrh gSA cPpksa
dk fnekx dSls dke djrk gS] vc blls tqM+s ,d vkSj
igyw ij /;ku nsrs gSA ,d fnu pkj lky dk vkdk’k vius
ikik ds lkFk ‘kSj ij x;k] dqN nsj ckn mlusdgk ^^ikik**

2|Page
eSa Fkd x;k gWwA pyksa okil pysaA mlds ikik us
dgk ^^vHkh ls Fkd x, vkvksa FkksM+h nwj vkSj
pysa** ,slk dgrs gq, ikik us ;g ugha lkspk tgk os 75
dne gh pys Fks vkdk’k 225 dne py pqdk FkkA

¼2½ cPps dSls lh[krs gSa& dHkh vkius ,d NksVs

cPps dks ;g le>kus dh dksf’k’k dhgS fdmkius cPps
dks yVw nsdj mls pykus ?kqeus ns[kus vkSj mlls
[ksyus dk ekSdk fn;k\ vxj vkius ik;sgksxsafd yVw
D;k gksrk gS\ yVw dh vkd`fr] vkdkj] cukoV vkSj vU;
xq.kksa ds ckjs esa cPps mls ns[kdj] Nwdj vkSj mlls
[ksydj T;knk csgrj lh[krs gSaA lh[kus ds ckjs esa ,d
utfj;k ;g fd cPpsphtksa ij rjg&rjg ds iz;ksx djds muds
ckjs esa lh[krs gSA os phtksa dks mBkrs gSa]
mUgsa idM+rs gS] tksM+&rksM+ djrs gS vkSj bl rjg
muds ckjs esa tkudkjh gkfly djrs gSA phtksa dks
Nwus vkSj mudh tkap iM+rky djus dh cPpksa dh
LokHkkfod bPNK mUgsa mu phtksa ds vyx&vyx
igyqvksa dks le>us esa enn nsrh gSA

Bl rjg ls os phtksa ds vkdkj] vkd`fr vkSj vU;

xq.kksa ds ckjs esa viuh le> dj mudk bLrseky dj ldrs
gSaA ;k muds f[kykSus fMCCkksa esa o xsan vkSj
iRFkj esa QdZ tkurs Hkh gks vkSj mls fn[kk Hkh
3|Page
ik;sa ij crk dj le>k uldsA Bhd oSls gh tSls vki
lkbfdypykuk tkurs gks] rks Hkh D;k vki 10 okD;ksa
esa ;g crk ik;sxsa lkbfdy dSls pykrs gSaA phtksa
dks vuqHko djrs gq, vkSj muds gksrs gSaA [ksydwn
vkSj cM+ksa ls esytksy ds nkSjku cPpksa dk dbZ
rjg dh vo/kkj.kkvksa vkSj dkS’kyksa ls okLrk iM+rk
gSA vkSj bu ij os rjg&rjg ls egkjr gkfly djus dh
dksf’k’k djrs gSA tSls ^^vk/ks** dk eryc le>kkus ds
fy, vxj cPpksa dks rjg&rjg dh phtksa dks vk/ks esa
ckVus dksdgk tk;s rks os /khjs&/khjs ^vk/ks* dh
vo/kkj.kk dh le> cuk,sxsaA

fdlh Hkh vo/kkj.kk dks fdlh Hkh Lrj ij bl rjg ls is’k fd;k
tk ldrk gSA fd cPpksa dksmlds ckjs esa dqN rks le>
esa vk tk, vxj ,slk gS] rks gesa cPpsa ds fodkl ds Lrj
ds eqrkfcd g hog vo/kkj.kk mlds lkeus j[kuh gksxhA
gesa ;g tkuuk gksxk fd mlvo/kkj.kk dks lh[kus ds
fy,cPph fdl gn rd rS;kj gS] ;k ugha gSA tSls fd
tksM+us vkSj ?kVkus dks laca/k le>usds fy, cPpksa
dks ;g le>esa vkuk pkfg, fd lHkh fdz;k,a izfrdc/;
gksrh gSA vkSj ;g og rHkh le> ldsxsa tc mUgsa
laj{k.k dhle> gksA igys cPph dks cjkcj yackbZ dh
nks iafDr;ksa j[ksa cVu fn[kk;s tkrs gSa] tgka
nksuksa ykbuksa esa ,d ftrus gh cVu QSyk dj j[k
fn;stkrs gSA nwljh ykbudk oSls gh NksM+ fn;k tkrk
gSA rc cPph ls iwaNktkrk gS fd nksuksa ykbuksa

4|Page
esa j[ks cVu fxurh esa cjkcj gSa ;k ughaA
fLoVtjyS.M ds euksoSKkfud tka I;kts ds vuqlkj tks
cPpslaj{k.k le>rs gSa os dgrs gS fd nksuksa ykbus
ls cVu mBk;s gS u gh ykbu esa cVu j[ks gSA os;g
HkhrdZ nsrs gS fd ykbu dscVu ,sls ikl Hkh yk, tk ldrs
gS fd ykbuksa esa cVuksa dh fL/kfj;ka Bhd ,d lh gks
tk;sA ;g rdZ fn[kkrk gS fd bu cPpksa esa vius lksp
dh izfdz;kvksa dks izfrofrZr dh {kerk gSA bl iz;ksx
esa cPph vkSj ¼I;ktks½ ds chp gks jgh ckrphr esa
cM+k] cPph dh ckrdkslquus vkSj le>usds fy, rS;kj
FkkA lkFk g hog mls lkspus ds fy, Hkh izsfjr dj jgk
FkkA o mls lkspus le>us okyh ,d Lora= balku ekudj
py jgk FkkA ,sl svuqHkoksa ls cPpsa ;g lh[krs gSaA
fd dkj.k dSls crk,a tk,a vkSj rdZ dSls fn;s tk, tc
muesa /khj&/khjs xf.krh; <ax ls lkspusdh {kerk fodflr
gksrh gS vkSipkfjd xf.kr esa cM+s iSekus ij izrhdksa
vkSj ,sYxksfjneksa dk bLrseky gksrk gSA izkbejh
Ldwy ds cPpksadk izrhdksa vkSj ,sYxksfjn;ksa ds
izfr D;k joS;k gksrk gSA d{kk 4 dh f’k{kd viuh d{kk
dks fHkUu i<+kus tk jgh Fkh l= dh ‘kq:vkr esa
mUgksaus cPpksa ls iwNk ^^vxj rqEgkjs ikl rhu
pkWdysV gks vkSj rqEgsa bUgsa ikap yksxksa esa
cjkcj&cjkcj ckaVuk gks rks rqe ;g dke dSls
T;knkrjcPpsa bl dke dks djus ds fy, ,d ls T;knk rjhds
lksp ldsA l= ds var rd tc&tc cPpksa dks fHkUu i<+k
fn, x, Fks] oks f’k{kd us fQj ogh loky iwNkA vkSj bl
ckj T;knkrj cPps bl dke dks ugha dj ldsA okLrfod
vuqHkoksa vkSj O;kogkfjd cqf) dh txg tc muds ikl
dqN lw= Fks tks mUgsa u rks dHkh le> esa vk, vkSj
5|Page
u gh os ;g j[k lds fd mu lw=ksa dk bLrseky dSls fd;k
tk,A
mnkgj.k &cPpksa dks flQZ dqN cus cuk;s lw= ns
nsuk fcuk ;g le>k,f dos lw= D;ksa dkjxj gSa] vDlj
muds lkspus esa :dkoV Mkyrk gSA dbZ nQk vxj
cPpksa dks vius vki iSVuZ ns[kus fn;k tk, rks cM+h
vklkuh ls vadxf.kr ds mu lw=ksa dks lh[k ysrs gSa
tks vki mUgsa fl[kkuk pkgrs gSaA vkSj tgka rd
izrhdksa dk loky gS] iz;ksx ls irk pyrk gS fd 9 lky rd
ds cPpksa dks gS tksM+ vkSj ?kVkuk izrhdks ¼$
vkSj µ½ }kjk fn[kus esa eqf’sdy gksrh gSA izkbejh
Ldwy ds T;knkrj cPps vke rkSj ij vadxf.kr dh
lafdz;kvksa ds fy, bLrseky gksus okys izrhdksa ls
ijs’kku jgrs gSaA ,slk blfy, gS fd izrhd vkSj ,xksfjne
oxSjg cPpksa dks ,sls i<+k;s tkrs gS fd mUgsa
mlesa dksbZ yqd ugha utj vkrk D;ksafd os muds
vuqHko ls fcYdqy tqM+s gq, ugh gksrsA blfy,
izrhdksa vkfn dk bLrseky djus esa cPpksa dks
fnypLih ugha gksrhA
cPps vewrZ vo/kkj.kkvksa dks dSls lh[k ldrs gS\
blesa ge mudh enn dSls dj ldrs gS\ lcls igys rks
gesa ;g j[kuk gksxk fd flQZ crkus ls gesa vutkus
izrhdksa dks okLrfod laca/k tksM+us esa fnDdr
gksrh gSA pkgs blds ckjs esa gesa fdruh Hkh ckj
D;ksa u crk;k tk, gesa blds Bhd mYVk pyuk pkfg,
;kuh okLrfod mnkgj.kksa ls ‘kq: djds izrhdksa dh rjQ
c<+uk njvly cPpksa dks fl[kkus dk lcls vklu rjhdk ;gh
gS fd vewrZX vo/kkj.kkvksa vkSj izrhdksa dks muds

6|Page
jkstkuk ds vuqHkoksa ls tksM+k tk,A D;k ge Hkh
,sls gh ugha lh[krs gSA
bl vH;kl dks djrs gq, D;k vkidks ;g yxs bls djus
ds fy, t:jh tkudkjh gS\ bls vius bls djus esa fdruh
eqf’dy gqbZ\ bu lokyksa ls fudyus okyh ckr
egRoiw.kZ gSA og ;g gS fd lh[kus okys cPps fdlh
vo/kkj.kkvksa ;k fdlh dke dks le>us ds fy, fdrus rS;kj
gSA felky ds rkSj ij] d{kk 2 ds cPps26 fy[k ldrs gSa]
mls igpku ldrs gSa vkSj ;g Hkh crk ldsrs gS f dog 62
ls NksVk gksrk gSA ysfdu os Bhd ls ;g ugha le> ikrs
fd 26 esa vad 2 dk eryc 20 gSA ij buds f’k{kd vDlj ;g
eku ysrs gSA fd cPpksa dks LFkkuh; eku dk eryc
le> esa vk x;k gS] vkSj mUgsa ekud ,sYxksfjne dk
bLrsekydjds ^^cM+h** la[;kvksaokys loky gy djus
dks ns nsrs gSA bl rjg ls fl[kkus dh dksbZ ‘kS{kf.kd
mi;kfxrk Hkh ugha gSA gjlokyksa dks gydjus ds ,sls
rjhds cPpksadks fl[kk dj ftuds fy, os rS;kj u gks] ge
muds lkspusesa :dkoV Mkyjgsa gksrs gSaA le>s
flQZ e’khuhrjhds ls ;g tcko ikus ij viukl iwjk /;ku yxk
nsrs gSaA
7 lky ds foHkksj ls ;g iwNk x;k fd vkB phtksa dh
lkr <sjksa esa dqy fdruh phts gSaA mlus dgk mls
ugha irkA mllsfQj iwNk x;k D;k rqe bldk tcko ekywe
dj ldrs gks\ nsj rd pqi jgus ds ckn foHkksj us dgk
^^56** rqeus ;g dSls fudkyk\ foHkksj us crk;k ^10*
vB~Bs ^80* gksrk gSA mlesa ls 8 ?kVk,a rks 72 fQj

7|Page
8?kVk,a rks 64 vkSj fQj 8 ?kVk,a rks 56 cprk gSA
d{kk 3 dh ‘kkUrk ls 189&7 gy djus dks dgk x;kAmlus
dgk fd ;g 3$30$89Ú122 gSA mlds rjhds dks f’k{kd
us ^xyr* Bgjk;k D;ksafd mudk tcko ikus dk rjhdk Fkk
189&7 ?kVk,a vkSj fQj 60 vxj bl rjg cPpksa vius
rjhdksa ls lokyksa dks gy djus ls jksdk tk, rks mudh
lkspus] laca/k cukus vkSj xf.kr esa iSVuZ igpkuus
dh {kerk ds fodkl esa :dkoV iM+rh gSA blds ctk; os
le>rs gS fd xf.kr lh[kus dk eryc gS ,d nwljs ls laca/k
u j[kus okys vkSj csrqds rF;ksa esa lh[kuk ;k dqN
lw=ksa dks jV&jVk dj ykxw djuk gksrk gSA cPpksa
dks xf.kr i<+krs gq,eq>s vDljbl ckr ij gSjkuh gS fd
cPps fdrus vyx&vyx rjhdksa lslokyksa dks gy djrs
gSaA loky vkSj tcko ds chp rdksZ dk ,d flyflyk gksrk
gSA igpku rks ldrs gS ij mudh gwcgw rLohj ugha
cuk ldrsA os ‘kCnksa ds eqdkcys rLohjksa dks
i<+uk tYnh lh[k tkrs gSaA vkius ns[kk gksxk fd
NksVs cPps bUlkuksa vkSj tkuojksa dh rLohj vklkuh
ls igpku ysrs gSa ysfdu mruh vklkuh ls oxZ ;k
f=Hkqt tSlh ljy vkd`fr;ka ugha cuk ikrs gSa blh rjg ,d
NksVh cPphtks ,dtxg ls nwljh txg rd igqapus dk jkLrk
;kn j[k ldrh gSA mlds fy, ;g crkuk ;k fp= cuk dj

8|Page
fn[kkuk cgqr eqf’dy gksrk gSA f dog jkLrk D;k gS\
iSVuZ igpkuus dh viuh ;ksX;rk ds dkj.k gh cPps reke
,sls ‘kCnksa dks ^i<+* ikrs gSa ftUgsa osvDlj ns[krs
gSa gkykafd mUgsa v{kjksa dh igpku ugha gksrh
gSA

vxj vki iwoZ Ldwyh cPpksa dks dqN phts fxuus ds

fy, ns rks vkidks ;g tkudj gSjkuh gksxh fd os NksVh
la[;kvksa dks igpku ldrs gSa] fxu ldrs gSaA ;gka rd
fd mUgsa tksM+ vkSj ?kVk Hkh ldrs gS] gkykafd
la[;k dk laj{k.k os dkQh cknesa ikrs gSaA vxj phtksa
dh la[;k NksVh gks rks ns[k dj gh ;s cPps lcdkedj
ysrs gSaA blds fy, ;g t:jh ugha fd mUgsa fxurh dh
tkudkjh gksA bl fy, 4 ;k 5 rd dh fxurh n`f”V
cks/kkRed la[;k,a dgrs gSaA ysfdu vkerkSj ij iw.kZ
Ldwyh cPps dbZ vkdkjksa dh ,d lkFk rqyuk ughadj
ldrs gSaA os de ;k T;knk gh dh /kkj.kk le> ldrs gSaA
ysfdu ;g ckr fd fdlh pht dh ek=k blls de gS ij mlls
T;ksnk ;k fQj T;knk de vkSj mlls de os ugha le>
ldrsA muds fy, vkdkj flQZ cM+k ;k NksVk gksrk
gSSA cM+s vkSj NksVs ds chp dk dksbZ vkdkj gks
ldrk gS] ;g ckr mudh le> ls ijs gksrh gSA blhfy, os
phtksa dks muds vkdkj ;k yackbZ ds fglkc ls

9|Page
flyflysokj ugha j[k ikrs ;k ?kVukvksa dks dzec) ugha
dj ikrsA

eSa ns[kk dh d{kk 2 ds f’k{kd la[;k 11 dh felky

ysdj LFkkuh; eku dh vo/kkj.kk le> jgs FksA
mUgksaus ‘kq:vkr bl rjg dh ^^1** vkSj ^^1** X;kjg
gksrs gSaA vkSj ,d 2 gksrs gS] ,d ne pDdj esa iM+
x,A ;g Hkze dSls iSnk gqvk\ dgh ml Hkk”kk dh otg ls
rks ugha tks f’k{kd us bLrseky dh FkhA tkfgj gS fd
cPpksa dks xf.krh; vo/kkj.kk,a le>kus ds fy, Hkk”kk
dh t:jr gksrh gS cPps dqN Hkh Hkk”kk lh[k jgs gksrs
gSaA ;kuh xf.kr lh[krs cPpksa dks xf.kr lkFk&lkFk
Hkk”kk dks Hkh le>uk gksrk gSA blfy, vxj vki ;g ikrs
gSa fd dksbZ cPpk xf.kr dh fdlh vo/kkj.kk dks ugha
lh[k ik jgk gS rks bldk dkj.k og Hkk”kk gks ldrh gS
tks mls og vo/kkj.kk fl[kkus ds fy, bLrseky dh tk jgh
gSA gks ldrk gS f dog Hkk”kk gh hkze iSnk djus
okyh gks dHkh&dHkh dqN cPps viuh ifjfLFkfr;ksa ds
dkj.k mu ‘kCnksa dks ugha tkurs tks fdrkcksa esa
gksrs gS ;k ftUgs f’k{kd bLrseky djrs gSA tSls fd vxj
mUgs y?kq ‘ks”k leku ^fHkUu* xq.kuQy ^izR;sd*
tSls ‘kCnksa ds eryc u ekywe gks rks blls Hkh xf.kr
le>us esa :dkoV iM+ ldrh gSA lkFk gh tc ,d gh

10 | P a g e
xf.krh; vo/kkj.kk dks vyx&vyx ‘kCnksa ls O;Dr fd;k
tkrk gS] rks Hkh os pdjk ldrs gSaA tSls fd ?kVkus
dh lafdz;k dks O;Dr djus ds fy, ?kVk djks varj
fudkyksa O;dyu djks lHkh bLrseky fd;s tkrs gSaA
cM+s cPpksa dks Hkh vDlj bl leL;k dk lkeuk djuk
iM+rk gSA ,slk blfy, gS fd fdlh Hkh Lrj ij xf.kr dh
vo/kkj.kkvksa dks fl[kkus ds fy, bLrseky dh tkus
okyh Hkk”kk dks le>us ds fy, gh dkQh dksf’k’k djuh
iM+h gSA cPpksa dks bl ckr ds fy, c<+ok nsuk pkfg,
fd os xf.kr dh vo/kkj.kk,a lh[krs gq, muds ckjs esa
ckr djsaA bl rjg ls xf.kr dh Hkk”kk lh[kus vkSj bl leL;k
ls fuiVus esa mUgsa enn feyrh gSA bl ckjs esa ,d
vkSj cPpsa fdlh bckjrh loky dh yackbZ vkSj tfVyrk ls
Hkh pdjk ldrs gSA

tSls &fd ;g loky ys 25 vkSj 30 ds chp esa og

dksu lh la[;k gS ftls 2 vkSj nksuksa ls iwjk&iwjk Hkkx
ugha fn;k tk ldrk** ;g okdbZ ,d tfVy loky gSA cPpksa
dks ;gh loky gSA cPpksa dks ;gh loky vxj bl rjg ls
fn;k tk,&^^25 vkSj 30 ds chp esa ,d la[;k gSA bl la[;k
dks vki 2 ;k 3 ls Hkkx ugha ns ldrs gSaA rks og mls
;dhuu T;knk vklkuh ls le> ik;sxsaA

11 | P a g e
 cPpksa esa viuh dkfcfy;r ij Hkjkslk lh[kus esa
ennxkj gks gSA

vkb;s ge ,d ,sls cPps ds ckjs esa crkrs gSA vt; d{kk2

esa i<+rk gSA mlds firk vDlj ml ij fpYykrs jgrs gSaA
rqe fdrus csodwQ gksArqEgsa bruk Hkhugha
le>esa vkrk A ;g rks rqEgkjh cgu Hkh le> ysrh gSA
vkidh jk; esa vt; dks dSlk yxrk gksxk vkSj vxj mldh
cgu ;g lqu ysrks mlsdSlk yxsxkA

gel c dhrjg cPps Hkh rHkh lcls csgrj <ax ls

lh[krs gSa tc mUgsa vius vki ij vkSj viuh dkfcfy;r ij
iwjk Hkjkslk gksrk gSA ftl cPps dks vius vki ij Hkjkslk
ugha gSA mls ;g fQdz T;knk jgsxh f dog f’k{kd dks
[kq’k ugha dj ldrh vkSj og mudh utjksa esa detksj
lkfcr gksxhA f’k{kd cPpksa ds Hkkoukvksa dh fdruh
dnj djrs gSA vkSj cPpksa ds fy,mudk joS;k D;k
gSA;s nksuks gh ckrs cPpksa ds lh[kus ij xgjk vlj
Mkyrh gSA cPpksa dh ;g le>k djos D;k dj ldrsgSaA
os D;ksadj ^lgh* ;k xyr* gS vkSj mUgsa lokyiwNus
rFkk vius la’kkvksa dks nwj djus dk ekSdk nsdj ge
muesa vkRefo’okl c<+k ldrs gSaA ;gka lcls vge ckr
;g gS fd f’k{kd dks vius lh[kus okyksa ij iwjk Hkjkslk
gksuk pkfg,A blls Hkh c<+ dj og mUgsa ;g vge ckn
12 | P a g e
lHkh fnyk;s fd mls mudks lh[kus dh {kerk iwjk
Hkjkslk gSA ftu cPpksa ges’kk ;g fQdz yxh jgrh gS
fd mUgsa MkaVk tk,x;k ;k gksf’k;kj cPpksads
eqrkfcd fupk fn[kk;k tk,xk os vius esa fleV tkrs gSaA
dksf’k djrs gS fd mUgsa lokyksa ds tokc u nsus
iM+sA d{kk esa gks jgh ckrphr esa os dksbZ fgLlk
ugha ysrs vkSj bl lcds ihNs flQZ ;g Mj gksrk gS fd
dgh os dksbZ xyrh u dj cSBsA bl rjg muds vkRe
fo’okl esa dHkh vk tkrh gS vkSj muesa dqN lkspus
vkSj lh[kus dh dkfcfy;r ?kVus yxrh gSvkt dydh
izfr;ksxkRed f’k{kk iz.kkyh esa T;knkrj cPpksa dh
;ghleL;k gSA ,sls cPpsa e’khuh <ax ls gh fcuk
lksps&le>s phtksa dks lh[krs tkrs gS vkSj loky gy
djusds fy, xf.krh; :Ik ls lkspus ds ctk, ,sYxksfn~eksa
dks bLrseky djrs gSaA vt; fd cgu ds mnkjg.k esa ,d
vkSj vge lkekftd joS;k >ydrk gSA [kkldj bl rjg dh
ckrksa esa fd yM+dh gksrs gq, Hkh rqEgkjk bruk
vPNk dSls gS yksx ,slk D;ksa lksprs gS fd yM+fd;ka
xf.kr ugha lh[k ldrhA nj vly xf.kr lh[kus ds fy,
yM+dksa vkSj yM+fd;kas ds joS;k esa;g QdZ bl ckr
ls vkrk gS fd lekt esa yM+dksa vkSj yM+fd;ksa ls
vyx&vyx mEehnsa dh tkrh gSA tSls yM+dksa dks

13 | P a g e
rks xf.kr i<+usds fy, tksj&’kksj gS f dos xf.kr i<+ dj
D;k djsaxh bl ekU;rk ls fd yM+fd;ka xf.kr lh[kgh ugha
ldrh mudh vkRe fo’okl dks /kDdk gh igqapk gSA blh
otg ls dkQh de mpz ls gh yM+fd;ksa esa xf.kr ds
fy,v:fp iSnk gks tkrh gSA izkbejh Ldwy esa cPps
ewrZ lafdz;kRed coLFkk esa gksrs gSAvius lh[kus
okyksa dks vxyh voLFkk rd c<+us esa enn nsus ds
fy, vkidks Bksl o vkSipkfjd ds chp vkidks ‘kk;n ,slk
yxs fd ,d ckj ;fn cPph dksbZ fo’ks”k vewZr vo/kkj.kk
;k izfdz;k le> x;h gSArks mlds cknmlsvU;
vo/kkj.kk,a;k izfdz;k,ale>usds fy,Bksl vbuqHkoksa
dh t:jr ugha gSA ysfdu ,slk ugha gS] vkSipkfjd xf.kr
;k eu esa fglkc vPNh rjg dj ikus ds ckotwn Hkh
cPpksa dks vo/kkj.kkvksa lafdz;kvksa lokyksa vkfn
dks le>us ds fy, okLrfod phtksa vkSj vuqHkoksa dh
t:jr iM+ ldrh gSA ysfdu ,slk ugha gSA vkSipkfjd xf.kr
;kk eu esa fglkc vPNhrjg dj ikus ds ckotwn Hkh
cPpksa dks vo/kkj.kkvksa] lafdz;kvksa lokyksa vkfn
dks le>us ds fy, okLrfod phtksa vkSj vuqHkoksa dh
t:jr iM+ ldrh gSA muds fodkl dk ;g isudkj Lo:Ik xf.kr
lh[kus dh izfdz;kdh fo’ks”rk gSA

14 | P a g e
 mnkjg.k ds fy, tc nks vadksa okyh la[;k,a fl[kk;h
tkrh gS mlls igys cPpksadks ^^LFkkuh; eku** le>us
dh t:jr gksrh gSA blds fy, mUgsa lewg cukus ds <sj
lkjs Bksl vuqHkoksa lsxqtjus dh t:jr gksxhA blls
mUgsa /khjs&/khjs ^^ngkbZ** vkSj ^^bdkbZ** le>us
esa enn feysxhA blds ckn ;s NksVh la[;kvksa ds
vkSipkfjd xq.kk vkSj Hkkx djus ds fy, rS;kj gks
tk,xsA vkSj fQj muesa cM+h la[;kvksa ds lanHkZ
esa ^^LFkkuh; eku** dh le> fodflr djus ds fy,fQj
fofHkUu cPps xf.k dh dbZ cqfu;knh vo/kk.kk,a
[ksyksa ls lh[k ldrs gSaA mUgsa tkus igpkus
lanHkksZa esa [ksyus esa etk vktk gSA muds
[ksyksa ls vius vki gh ets&ets esa cgqr lkjh xf.krh;
xfrfof/k;ka vk tkrh gSA u,fopkjksa] vkSj xf.krh;
xfrfof/k;ksa ls NksVs cPpksadk ifjfpr [ksyksa o ,slh
xf.krh; xfrfof/k;ka vk tkrh gSA ,slh isj’kkuh u gksA
;gh ckr izkbZejh ds cPpksa ds fy,Hkh ykxw gksrh
gSA tc NksVs cPpsa phtksa dks vkil esa ckaVrs gS
okLro esa os ,d ls ,d dkesy feykrs gSaA vkdkjksa ls
iz;ksx dj jgs gksrs gSaA tc os ^^ikWp NksVs canj**
tSlk xkuk&xkrs gSa rks os la[;kvksa ds uke lh[krs
gSaA cPpksa dks bckjrh [ksyksa esa Hkh etk vkrk

15 | P a g e
gSA os vkerkSj ij ‘kCnksa ds iSVuZ idM+us esa rst
gksrs gSaA D;ksfd iSVuZ igpkuuk xf.krh; lksp dk
ewyHkwr igyq gSA cPPks viuh Hkk”kk fodflr djus
ds lkFk&lkFk okLro esa xf.kr Hkh dj jgs gksrs gSA
vki dksbZ Hkh xf.krh; v/;;u fl[kus ds fy, <sjks [ksy
cuk ldrs gSA ;k NksVs le>us esaA [ksy ,sls Hkh
cuk, tk ldrs gS ftuls cPpsa lacaf/kr xf.krh; Hkk”kk
Hkhlk/k gh lh[k tk,A ;gka Vhe esa [ksys tkkus okys
dqN [ksyksa ds mnkj.k fn, tk ldrh gSaA ge NksVs
cPpksads dqN ¼1&3½ ;k cM+h ¼15&20½ gks rks
ge NksVs cPpksa ds dqN [ksyksa ls’kq: djrs gSA

,d Vhe vius lkeus dqN dadM+ j[k ysrh gSA nwljh

Vhe

igyk [ksy & mrus gh dadM+ j[ks] ;k

nwljk [ksy& fxus vkSj crk,a fd os fdrus gSa] ;k

rhljk [ksy& 14 dadM+ ¼eku yhft,½ djus ds fy,] frus

Hkh dadM+ vkSj pkfg, mrus j[ks] ;k

pkSFkk [ksy& 3 dadM+ NksM+ dj ckdh mBk ys] vkfn

tSls&tSls [ksy vkxs c<+rk gS vki mUgsa la[;kvksa ds

uke Hkh fl[kk djrs gSaA

16 | P a g e
,d Vhe nks ikls Qsds vkSj dadM+ksa <sj esa ls
mrus dadM+ mBk ys ftruk fd nksuksa iklksa dh
la[;kvksa dk tksM+ gks nwljh Vhe Hkh ,slk gh djsA
nks ikfj;ksa ds ckn ftlds ikl Hkh T;knk dadM+ gksxsa
og thr tk,xkA

dadM+ksa] iklksa] Vgfu;ksa] dkMksZa ;k eksfr;ksa

ls vki ^^LFkkuh; eku** fl[kkus ds fy, [ksy cuk ldrs
gSA 10 dadM+ksa dks ,d dkMZ ;k ,d eksrh ds cjkcj
eku dj] vnyk&cnyh dh tk ldrh gS vkSj bldk
ys[kk&tks[kk j[kk tk ldrk gSA ,d ckj tc os ngkbZ;ka
vkSj bdkbZ;ksa dh idM+ Bksl phtksa ls cuk ysrs gSa
rks mUgsa la[;kvkas dk bLrseky djus okys [ksyksa
ls Hkh ifjfpr djok;k tk ldrk gSA

cgqr NksVh mez ls gh cPpsa dbZ ckrksa dks

nksgjkrs gSa vkSj blls lh[krs gSa] tSls uhps fxjkuk o
mBkuk fMCcs vkSj Bhe [kksyuk vkSj cUn djuk] dqN
‘kCnksa dks ckj&ckj nksgjkuk rkd&>kWd dk [ksy
ckj&ckj [ksyuk cM+ksa ls ckj&ckj dgkfu;kWa
nksgjkus dks dguk vkfn nksgjkus ds ,slsdbZ u, rjhds
lksps tk ldrs gSaA ftuls f dog etsnkj cuk;k tk ldsA bls
cPpksa etsnkj xfrfof/k;ksa ds }kjk dj ldrs gSaA
ftuesa lsdqN dh ‘kq:vkr os [kqn Hkh dj ldrs gSaA bu
17 | P a g e
nksgjkoksa ds nkSjku Hkkx ysus okys cPps gjckj
dqN u;k o QdZ ns[krs vkSj vuqHko jrs gSaA

nwljh rjQ jV lh[kus esa bl rjg dh fofHkUurk ugha

gksrh D;ksafd mlesa izfdz;k dk nksgjko ugha gksrk
gSA vxj vki vkl&ikl ns[ks rks vki ik,sxs fd fdlh Hkh
cPps ds ekgkSy esa nksgjko LokHkkfod rkSj ij
vyx&vyx :iksa esa gksrk gSA ysfdu lh[kus ds
vkSipkfjd egkSy esa cPpksa dh :fp cuk, j[kus ds fy,
nksgjko dks dkQh fof/krk ds lkFk tku cw> dj ykuk
iM+rk gSA vki bl pqukSrh dks dSls iwjk djsxs\ ‘kk;n
uhps fn;k x;k mnkj.k gesa dqN

fopkj nsaA

cPps vkerkSj ij igkM+ksa ls cgqr ijs’kku jgrs gSaA

D;k ;g lpeqp t:jh gS fdmUgsa e’khuh rjhds ds
ckj&ckj nksgjk;k tk,\ vkSj D;k bl rjg jVdj ;kn djus ls
cPps dks igkM+ksa dks le>us esa enn feyrh gSA
D;k ;g lp ugha gS fd ,d le> ,d lrgh Lrj rd gh jg tkrh
gSA cPps budks vklkuh ls bLrseky dj gh ugha ikrs
;g ckr lkFk rd gh jg tkrh gSA

,d fnu eSa ikl ds gh ,d Ldwy esa f’k{kd vkSj

cPpksa ds chp fdl rjg dh ijLij fdz;k gksrh gSA ;g

18 | P a g e
ns[kh x;h FkhA cPpksa dks mudh f’k{kd us ;g loky
fn;k gqvk FkkA vkSj os viuh dkWih esa mls gy djus
esa yxs gq, FksA f’kf{kdk cPpksa ds chp ?kwe jgh
Fkha vkSj ,d&,d dj muls iwaN jgh FkhA fd dksbZ ,d
tokc mUgksaus dSls fudkyk ,slk djus ij vf/kdrj
cPpksa us viuk fy[kk gqvk gy feVk fn;k pkgs og lgh
Fkk;k xyr vius Hkh,slk O;ogkj gy djus dhviuh {kerk
ds ckjs esa vkRefo’okl dh deh ugha fn[krh gSA
vkRefo’okl dh ;g deh cM+ksa esa Hkh gksrh gS tc
mudk fdlh fo’ks”krk,a ls lkeuk gksrk gSA

ftu cPpksa esa lkspus dh viuh {kerk ij Hkjkslk ugha

gksrk mUgsa ckn esa bl {kerk dks fodflr djus esa
fnDdr gksxhA blfy, ;g t:jh gS fdlh [kus dk ekgkSy ,slk
cuk;k vkt ftlls cPpksa dk vkRefo’okl c<+sA yfdu ;g
ge dSls dj ldrs gSA;fn lewgksa esa [ksyrs gq,
cPpksa dks vki /;ku ls ns[ks rks vkidks ‘kk;n dqN
ladsr fey tk,A cPps tc ,d lkFk [ksyrs gS os ,d nwljs
dh lksp tkWprs jgrs gSA [ksyksas o xfrfof/k;kWa ls
cPpksa dks ,d nwljs ls fcuk fdlh Mj ds,d vktkn vkSj
[kqys ekgkSy esa esy&tksy dk ekSdk feyrk gSA ,sls
esy&tksy ds nkSjku cPps viuh ckrksa dks ,d nwljs
ds lkeus tokcksa vkSj lq>koksa ds rkSjij j[krs gSA ,d

19 | P a g e
cPps ds fy, nwljs dh ckr dh vgfe;r bruh gh gksrh gS
fd og ,d jk; gksrh gSA ftls tkWapdj ekuk Hkh tk ldrk
gSA ;k ughaA nwljh rjQ dksbZ cM+k vkerkSj ij
cPpksa ds lkeus er ,d ^^lPpkbZ** ds :Ik esa j[krk
gSaA ftls fcuk fdlh loky ;k ‘kd ds ekuuk iM+rk gSA
;fn cM+s dsdFku dks cPph ‘kdls ns[ks;k lksp esa
iM+ tk,rks cM+k vius dFku dks nksgjkrk gS] igys
/khjt lsfQj fp=&fp=dkj] vkSj vUr esa eqLls ls vfUre
fu”d”kZgksrk gSA ^ew[kZ** rqe ;g le>rh gS f dog
cM+s ds lkeus dqN Hkh ugha gS vius ckjs esa ;g jk;
eku ysrh gS vkSj mldk vkRefo’okl de gksus yxrk
gSA blfy, lh[kus ds fy, fcuk Mj ds vkilh esy&tksy vU;
dkj.kksa ls Hkh egRoiw.kZ gSA ge vkils uhps fn, x,
vH;kl esa mudsckjs esa lkspus dks dg jgsa gSaA

eSaus ,d mnkgj.k fy, eSus dkxt ds nks VqdM+s

fn[kk,A buesa ls ,d Li”V :Ik ls nwljs ls cM+k FkkA

eSa Fkksjh nsj ds fy, rqe vius dkxtksa dks Hkwy

tkvksa vkSj lk NksVk gSA

jfo dks NksVk okyk dkxt igpkus esa nsu jgh xhA

eSa%& rqe dSls dg ldrs gks fd ;g NksVk gS

20 | P a g e
 jfo us QkSju nksuks dkxt fy, vkSj ,dds Åij nwljk
j[k fn;kA

jfo%& ns[kks ;g okyk cM+s okys dkxt ds Åij

j[kus ij iwjk vkjke ls vk tkrk gSA rks ;g lkbt esa
NksVk gqvk uA

eSa%& lkbt esa NksVk A lkbt ls rqEgkjk D;k

eryc gS\

jfo & ¼FkksM+ks lkspus ds ckn½ lkbt dk

eryc vk irk ughaA

eSa%& pyksa esa rqEgsa le>krh gWwA

eSaus dkxt ds nksuksa VqdM+ksa dks ,d dkxt ij
j[kdj isafly ls mudh :ijs[kk cuknhA

eSa%& ns[kksa bu vkd`fr;ksa dk QSykc gh

mudk lkbt gSA ;s dkxt ij ftruh QSyh gqbZ gS ;kuh bu
vkd`fr;ksa ds vUnj ftruk dkxt ;k rygS ogh budk lkbt
gSA D;k vc rqe crk ldrs gks fd vkd`fr;ksa dk {ks=Qy
D;k gS\

jfo%& vka------------esjs [;ky ls lkbt vkSj

{ks=Qy ,dgh ckr gSA

21 | P a g e
 eSa% ‘kck’k% bldk {ks=Qy ogh gS tks bldk
QSyk gSA jfo dks gj ckj lgh mRrj nsus esa dksbZ
fnDdr ugh gqbZ fQj eSus mlls 100 :Ik;s ds uksV
vkSj 20 :Ik;s ds uksV ds lkbt dh rqyuk djus dks dgkA
blh izdkj ls nks ,d tSlh vleku vkd`fr;kas vkSj nks,d
tSlh fn[kus okyh ifRr;ksa dks lkbt dh rqyuk Hkh
djokbZA eSa ns[krh jgh fd mlus igys nks uksVksa
dks ,d&nwljs ij j[kk fQj nksuksa vkd`fr;ksa dks
,d&nwljs ij j[kk vkSj nksuks ifRr;ksa dks ,d nwljs ij j[k
dj ns[kkAmls ;g r; djus esa dksbZ fnDdr ugha gqbZ
fd dkSu lh pht cM+h gSA

vc eSaus r; fdz;k fd mldks fn, x, oxZdkj vkSj

vk;rkdkj dkxtksa ij ykSVuk pkfg,A ftudks ysdj og
ijs’kku gks jgk FkkA jfo us dkxt ds mu nksuksa
VqdM+ks dks ns[kkA mlds ,d dks nwljs ij j[kdj
ns[kkexj fQj Hkh ijs’kku gks FkkA og r; ugha djus ds
edlnls eSaus lkspk fd mlds ikl tks rjg&rjg dslaxzg
gSA eSaus mllsdgk fd ml laxzgesa ls dqN ,sls
vk;rkdkj ;k oxkZdkj tks ,d fy;kA vc eSaus mlds
nksuksa dkxt ds VqdM+ksa dks Q’kZ ij j[k fy;k vkSj
mu ij ;s fp= ,d&,d djds tekuk ‘kq: fd;k jfo us Hkh bl
dke esa esjh enn dhA og eqLdqjkjgk Fkk vkSj dkQh

22 | P a g e
jksekafpr FkkA ,slk yxz jgk Fkk f dog ml ckr dks le>
pqdk Fkk] tks eSa mlscrkus dh dksf’k’k dj jgh FkhA
blls igys fd eSa mlls dksbZ loky iwaNk] og pha[k
iM+k bl izdkj ls eSa d{kk rhljh o d{kk ikapoh ds
cPpksa ds lkFk feydj ;g izkstsDV ‘esa dk;Z fd;kA
vkSj eSus tSlk ;g tkstsDV dks djukpkgk oSls dqN gn
rd eSus iz;klfd;k gSA vkSj cPpksa dh eu dh ckr o
mudh xf.kr ds izfr joS;k dks ns[kk gSA fd cPpksa
dks xf.kr dks le>us esafdl izdkj dh loky vPNs vkSj
djus esa fnypLi vkSj ljy yxrk gSA

6- vfUre fjiksVZ rS;kj djuk ¼1½ izkstsDV dk y{; ;g

Fkk fd cPpksa esa xf.kfr; {kerk vkSj xf.krh; leL;k dks
le>us gsrq y{; dh cPpksa xf.krh; xfrfof/k dks fdl izdkj
ls djus esa l{keg SA vkSjMugsa xf.krh; fof/k;ksa dks
vkSj mlesa vkus okyh leL;k dk fujkdj.k djus dh {kerk
dks ij[kusgsrq ;g izkstsDV fd;k x;k gSA rkfd ;g irk py
lds dh cPpksa dks xf.krh; leL;k fdlh izdkj ls gy djus
esa o le>usesafdlh izdkj dh leL;k vkrh gSA xf.krh;
leL;k dksle>usesacPpksa ij fdruh {kerk gksrh gSA bl
izkstsDV dks djus ij irk pyk gS fd tSls&tSls bl
izkstsDVdhokjhfd;ksadks le>us ds fy, izkstsDV dk
mngj.k fy, tks gekjh ,d nksLr us fd;k FklkA izkstsDV

23 | P a g e
dk la[;kvksa ds Hkkx ls lEcaf/krFkkA mlus ,dvaxzsth
ek/;e ds Ldwy dh d{kk 3 ds 20 cPpksa ,d&,d VsLV
fn;kA VsLVesadbZloky Fks tks os igys dj pwds
FksA tSls ;fn ,d iSdsV esa pkj xksfy;ka j[kh tk ldrh
gSaA rks ;g xksfy;ka j[kus ds fy, fdrus iSdsV yxsxs\
VsLV esa mlus bl rjg ds loky ^pk:** ds ikl 55
VkfQ;ka vkrh bUgsa iSd djuk gSA vxj gj iSdsV esa 5
VkWfQ;ka vkrh gS os 12$13 og fdrus iSdsV rS;kj dj
ik,xh tkus igpkus lokyksa ds eqdkcys u;s og fdrus
iSdsV rS;kj dj ik,xh tkus igpkus lokyksa ds eqdkcys
u;s fdLe ds loky vf/krj cPps Bh ls ugha dj ikrsA dbZ
cPpksa us pk: vkSj mldh VkWfQ;ksa vkrh gSA rks
og VkWfQ;ksa dk loky gy djus ds 55 vkSj r dk xq.kk
dj fn;kA dqN ,sls cPps ftUgksaus T;knkrj loky lgh fd,
Fks vkSj dqN nwljs tks ,slk ugha dj ik,A ftu cPpksa
us 55 esa 5 dk xq.kk dj fn;k Fkk tc muls iwNk x;k fd
mUgksaus ,slk D;ksa fd;k rks T;knkrj cPpksa dksbZ
dkj.k u crk ldsA

¼2½ eSa ;g izkstsDV d{k 3 ls d{kk 5 ds cPpksa

ds lkFk ;g izkstsDV esa dke fd;k ftlls eq>s cgqr ls
tkudkjh izkIr gqbZ vkSj cPpksa ds lkFk ;g izkstsDV
esa dke djus ls ;g irk pyk dh ftruh rjhds viuk eSus ml

24 | P a g e
ij dqy cPpksa dh le> esa fdlh izdkj leL;k vkrh gSA
xf.krh; leL;k dks le>us esacvPpksa ij fdruh {kerk
gksrh gSA bl izkstsDV dks djus ij irk pyk gSA ftu
rjhds ugh viuk ;k mudks blfof/k ls gy djus esa fnDdr
vkbZ vkSj cPpksa esa bl leL;k dks lqy>kus esa le;
yxk dj os cPpksa bl xf.krh; leL;k dks lqy>k fy, bl izdkj
ls ;g izkstsDV esa eSaus ik;k vkSj fd;kA

¼3½ eSaus tks v/;;u dk :I js[kk viuk;k FkkA dh

eSa d{kk 3 ds cPpksa dks ,d loky gydjus ds fy, ,d
VsLV fy, ftlesa eSa cPpksa dks ,d loky fn;k] bUgsa
iSd djuk gS vxj gj iSdsV esa 5 VkWfQ;ka vkrh gS
rks og fdrus iSdsVrS;kj dj ik,xh rks dqN cPpksa us
p: vkSj mldh VkWfQ;k dk loky gy djus ds fy, 55 vkSj
5 dk xq.kk dj fn;k dqy ,sls cPps ftUgksaus T;knkrj
loky lgh fd;s Fks vkSj dqN nwljs tks ,slk ugha dj ik,A
ftu cPpksa us 55 esa 5 dk Hkkx fn;k Fkk] tc eSus
iwNk rks mUgksaus ,slk D;ksa fd;k rks T;knkrj
cPkksa us dksbZ dkj.k u crk lds dqN us rks ;gk rd
dgk fd ‘kk;n eq>s 55 xq.ks 5 djuk pkfg, FkkA

¼4½ bl izkstsDV dks djus esa ifj.kkeksa ls lacaf/kr

lkexzh vkSj vkadM+s tks eSaus fy, oks gSA xf.kr ds
dqy ,sls loky fy, tks cPpksa dks djus esa vklkuh gks
25 | P a g e
vkSj ml loky dks tYnh xf.kr ds le:;k dks lqy>kus esa
vklkuh gksA ,sls gh dbZ bckjrh loky fy, vkSj cPpksa
dks fn,s rks dqN fnDdr vkbZ ijs’kkuh ugha vkbZ vkSj
dqN vkadM+s tks eSaus fy, osks gS VsLV ij tks
eSus cPpksa ds ,d loky fn;s ftlesa cPpksa us mu
loky dks djus esa cgqr ljy rjhds ls gy fd, vkSj dqN us
dqN xyfr;ka dh gSaA eSus bl izkstsDV dks djus esa
d{kk 3 ls d{kk 5 ds cPpksa ds lkFk o muds d{kk
f’k{kd ds lkFk feydj djuk iM+kA vkSj Ldwy esa ftl
izdkj ls eq>s lgk;rk feyh ‘kk;n ?kj djus esa ugha
feyrhA

¼5½ bl izkstsDV dks djus esa eSaus vkSj esjs

lkFk tks cPpksa us dke fd;k og cgqr gh vPNk jgk
D;ksa fd bl izkstsDV esa eSaus xf.krh; leL;k dks
lqy>kus dh {kerk dk vkadyu ij eSaus dke fd;k vkSj
blls eq>s irk pyk dh cPpksaesafdruh {kekr gSA oks
fdl izdkj ls xf.krh; fof/k;ksa dks le>us esa le; yxkrs
gSa bl otg ls cPpksa dh eu os ?kcjkgV gksus yxrh
gSA bl rtg ls cPpksa dh xf.krh; leL;k dks gy djus esa
FkksM+h lh xyrh dj nsrs gSaA vkSj esaus bl
izkstsDV ds ek/;e ls cPpksa dh leL;k dks lqy>kus

26 | P a g e
esa fdruh {kerk gSA vkSj bl izdkj lseSaus ;g izkstDV
rS;kj fd;k gSA

fizaV okyk Vkbfiax ist 11 ls

doj vi% ;gka ,d xse gS tks cPpksa dks vkRefo’okl

cukus vkSj vius xq.kkRed rF;ksa dks etsnkj rjhds ls
;kn djus esaenn djsxkA cl [ksy cksMZ vkSj mRikn
dkMZ eqfnzr djsa vkSj vki [ksyus ds fy, rS;kj gSaA

xq.kk djuk vk;rkdkj % D;k vki tkurs gSa fd va’k

dks xq.kk djuk ftruk vklku gS mruk vklku gS\ bl
etsnkj xq.kk xfrfof/k dks ns[ks vkSj ns[ksaA cPpksa
ds fy, cf<+;k flQZ xq.kk lkj.kh lh[kuk ;k mUgsa
leh{kkdjus ds fy,

100 ls jksy vkSj esa % 8 jksy 100 ls &iklk dks jksy

djsa] vkSj xq.kk djsa vkSj ftruk laHko gks mrus 100
rd igqapsA tksu esa&[ksy dkMZ Nkisa vkSj xse ‘kq:
djsaA

rF; ds lkFk jksfyax % mUgsa bl etsnkj xse ds lkFk

xq.kk djus ds fy, izsfjr djsaA 12xq.ks 12 rd xq.kk

27 | P a g e
djus ds rF;ksa dk vh;kl djsaA [ksy dkMZ Nkisa vkSj
xse ‘kq: djsaA

vaMk n¶rh xf.k rF; % ;g xq.kk rF;ksa ds fy, ,d etsnkj

[ksy gS vkSj vkidks cl ,d [kkyh vaMk n¶rh vkSj
dkMZ cksMZ [ksyus dht:jr gSA

2 vkSj 3 vad xq.ku % bl fizaV djus ;ksX; ese ds lkFk

nks vkSj rhu vadksa ds xq.kk ds lkFk pkkjksa vkSj
canjA jaxhu xse cksMZ dks fizaVdjsa vkSj vki xf.kr
dkS’ky ds fuekZ.k ds nkSjku [ksyus ds fy, rS;kj
gSaA

QSDVj&,dkxzrk % la[;kvkska ds dkjdksa dks ;kn

djus esa lgk;rk djus ds fy, ;gka ,d ‘kkunkj xse gSA
eq>s ;g xse ,d cPpsa ds :I esa fu;fer dkMZ ds lkFk
ilan vk;k] vkSj ;gka esjs xf.krh; laLdj.kksa esa ls ,d
gSA

eB ?kVd&dusDV 4 % Nk=ksa dks dkjdksa vkSj

xq.kdksa dks igpkuuk lh[kus esa lgk;rk djus ds fy,
‘kkunkj xse ,d iafDR esapkj dusDV djus okys igys
f[kykM+h cusaA

vkWuykbu eYVhIykbZax xsEl % cgqr ls

vkWuykbu xse gSa tks cPpksa dks ,d gh le; esa
28 | P a g e
xq.kk vkSj etsnkj cukus ds fy, egku gSaA pkgs
cPpksadks xq.kkRed rF;ksa dks lh[kuk gS ;k 3 ;k 4
vad la[;kvksa dks xq.kk djuk gS] vkidks tks Hkh Lrj
dht:jr gS] vkidks vkWuykbu xse feysxkA

ysfVl xq.kk % ;fn vkius vHkh rd ySfVl xq.kk

ugha fd;k] rks vki bl dk vkuan ysxaA cDls Mªkbax
}kjk la[;kvksa dks xq.kk djus dk ;g ,d etsnkj rjhdk
gSAvc D;k cPpk ,slk djus esa etk ugha djsxkA

;w,uvks xq.k [ksy % ge esa ls vf/kdka’k us ,d le;

;k fdlh vU; ds dkMZ [ksy&[ksydj vkuan fy;k gSA vxj
vkids ikl ugha gS rks vki dqN vPNs eLrh ds ckjs
esa;kn dj jgs gSA bl yksdfiz; dkMZxse dsvk/kkj ij
;gka ,dxf.kr [ksy gS tks cPPksa dks xq.kk vkSj
QSDVfjax ds lkFk etk vkrk gSA

xq.kk Vscy Vscy % ml le; lh[kuk&rkfydkvksa

dks ogh ^mckÅ* :Vhu ugha gksuk pkfg,A cPpksa ds
fy, ;g jkspd cukdj mUgsa ;g ns[kus esa enn feyrh gS
fd xf.kr cgqr etsnkj gSA ‘kkar rduhdks] lq>kkoksa
vkSj xse izkIr djsa] tksmu xf.kr rF;ksa dks lh[kus esa
enn djrs gSA

29 | P a g e
 xq.kkRed rF; [ksy&eYVIyksjs’ku okWj % ml
ifjfpr dkMZ xse] ;q) ds ckjs esa] tks fd vf/kdka’k cPps
[ksyuk tkrs gSaAFkksM+k eksM+ ds lkFk os xq.kk
rF;ksa dk vH;kl dtsnkj gks ldrs gSaA

xq.kk ds fy, fizaV djus ;ksX; [ksyksa % D;k vki

fizaV djus ;ksX; xse pkgrs gS\ vki mUgsa ;gkWa
feysxk cl vius daI;wVj ls lgh eqfnzr djsaA mUgsa ?kj
ij mi;ksx djsa ;k mUgsa vius lkFk ys tk,a tgkWa Hkh
vki tkrs gSaA ,d ckj tc vki mUgsaetsnkj phtksa ds
lkFk feyrs gSa rks cPpksa dks okLro esaxf.kr lh[kus
ls fdd feyrh gSA

xq.kkRed rF; xhr ohfM;ks % cPpksa ds fy,

phtksa dks ;knj[kus ds fy,xkus dk mi;ksx vHkh Hkh
,d’kkunkj rjhdk gSA vkSj vqueku yxkvksa] xq.kkRed
rF; vyx ugha gSaA

xq.kk eSFk fVªDl % ;s okLro esa vPNk xf.kr

‘kkWVZdV gSa tks vkidks xq.kk djus esa enn dj ldrs
gSaA vki ‘kk;n fdlh Hkh x.kuk ds lkFk xq.kk djus
okys fdlh O;fDRk dh rqyuk esa rsth ls rsth ls mRrj
dh x.kukdjus esa l{ke gks ldrs gSaA

30 | P a g e
 Qyu dk;Zi=dksa dk xq.kk djuk % ;s dqN dk;Zi=d
gSa tks va’kksa ds xq.ku ij /;ku dsafnzr djrs gSaA
ge ,d fu;fer vk/kkj ij vkSj vf/kd dk;Zi=dksa dks tksM+
nsaxs vkSj fQj mUgsa [kkstus ds fy, mUgsa
O;ofLFkr djus ds fy, O;oLFkr djsaA

cPpksa dks lh[kus dh izfdz;k esa ‘kkfey gksus

ds fy, xq.ku [ksy cgqr cf<+;k gSaA vki ik,axs
fdcPpksa dks bu xf.kr xfrfof/k;ksa vkSj
vfHkHkkodksa vkSj f’k{kdksa ds fy, lh[kus dk vkuan
feyrk gS tks ,d vPNh ckr gSA ,d ckj tc ge mUgsa
fnypLih ysrs gSa] rks ge muds xf.kr dkS’ky vkSj
vkRef’okl o`f) ns[ksaxsA

iwoZLdwyh eB fØ;k,aW

izkjafHkd vk;q esa eB eu dks izsfjr djuk-----------------

----

iwoZLdwyh xf.kr dh xfrfo/k;ksa dks xf.kr lh[kus ds

lkFk cPpksa dks lgt cukus dk ,d ‘kkunkj rjhdk gSA
vkSj D;k yxrk gS fd ftu vfHkHkkodksa ds ekrk &firk

31 | P a g e
vius ‘kq:vkrh o”kksZa vkSj mlds ckn ds xf.kr esa lQy
gSa] os leku gSa\

vf/kdka’k vius ;qokvksa dks vius ‘kq:vkrh

o”kksZa esaetsnkj xfrfof/k;ksa ds lkFk xf.kr dk
vuqHko djus ds fy, cgqr volj iznkj djrs gSaA

Jhflyh x.kuk % gesa yxrk gS fd vkidks vkSj vkids

izsfLd;j dks Jh flyh xsV dk vkuan feysxkA feurh
lh[kus esa enn djus ds fy, ;g ,d etsnkj eqnz.k ;ksX;
xfrfof/k gS mUgsa viuh dYiuk dk mi;ksx djus vkSj
ew[kZ eB psgjk cukus dk ekSdk feyrk gSA

deyk feurh xse % iwoZLdwyh ds fy, etk xf.kr dh

feurh xfrfof/k [ksy cksMZ dks fizaV djsa vkSj vki
[ksyu ds fy, rS;kj gSaA

iksr&vkdkj % ;gkW Prhoolersesc ds fy, ,d xfrfof/k gS

tks vkd`fr;ksa dks igpkuus esa lgk;rk djrh gSA bldk

32 | P a g e
mi;ksx ckyokM+h vkSj izFke d{kk ds Nk=ksa ds fy,
Hkh fd;k tk ldrk gSA

100 rd feurh % D;k vkidk izfLd;j 100 ij Hkjkslk djus

ds fy, rS;kj gS\ mu rhu ets feurh xfrfof/k;ksa ds lkFk
ogka igqapus esa lgk;rk djsa] ftuds lkFk os vkuan ys
ldsaA

Twos, ikap] vkSj nfl;ksa [ksy }kjk fxurh % Twos, fives,

vkSj nfl;ksa }kjk fxurh NksM+s ;qok f’k{kkfFkZ;ksa
ds fy,,d egku dkS’ky gSA

csyckWy x.kuk djsa % ;gka ,d etsnkj baVjSfDVo xse

gS tks vkidk ihLdwyj vkWuykbu [ksy ldrk gSA
mUgsa nl rd fxurh djus esa enn djrk gSA

vius cPPkksa dks fl[kk,a fd bl etsnkj ,uEclZ feurh

ohfM;ks ds lkFk 11 dSls fxusaA os ^^fV~aody
fV~oady fyVy LVkj** dh fxurh lh[ksaxsA

33 | P a g e
vuqla/kku us fn[kk;k gS fd dqN cPpsa lksp ldrs gSa
fd cPpksa dh rqyuk esa vf/kd l{ke gSaA ;gka dqN
dkS’ky ‘kks/kdrkZvksa us cPpksa esa vke ik;k gSA

nks uacjksa ds chp vuqekfur varj igpkusa

NksVh la[;k dk lVhd VªSd j[ksa] vkSj

lk/kkj.k ?kVko vkSj vfrfjDr leL;k,a djsa

;gka ,d fnypLi ys[k gS tks f’k’kqvksa dks la[;kvksa ds

ckjs esa tkurs gSaA

ge yxkrkj vk/kkj ij xf.kr ds fy, iwoZ Ldwyh xfrfof/k;ksa

dks tksM+uk pkgrs gSa] blfy, gwsa cqdekdZ djuk
vkSj izk;% ckj&ckj tkapdjuk lqfuf’pr djsaA

vkSj vxj vkids ikl xfrfof/k;ksa ds izdkj ds ckjs esa

dksbZ lq>ko gSa] rks vki d`Ik;k gesa crk,aA vkids
mRrj dh izrh{kk jgsxhA

ckyokM+h eB [ksyksa
34 | P a g e
cPpksa ds fy, etk eB fØ;k,aW %

lh[kus ds ‘kq:vkrh o”kksZa esadqN egRoiw.kZ gSa

ckyokM+h xf.kr ds [ksy cPpksa dks lgh ‘kq:vkr djus
esa enn djrs gSaA lh[kuk vkSj xf.kr ds [ksy ds lkFk
ets djuk ,d LokHkkfod gSA

ckyokM+h eB [ksyksa

cPpksa ds fy,etk eB fØ;k,aW

lh[kus ds ‘kq:vkrh o”kksZa esadqN egRoiw.kZ gSa

ckyokM+h xf.kr ds [ksy cPpksa dks lgh ‘kq:vkr djus
esa enn djrs gSaA lh[kuk vkSj xf.kr ds [ksy ds lkFk
ets djuk ,d LokHkkfod gSA

cPpksa dks [ksyuk ilan gS rks pyksa ml cPps dh rjg

bPNKvksaesaVSi djsa vkSj mUgsa xf.kr dks I;kj
djuk lh[ksa ----------------- etsnkj ckyokM+h xf.kr dh
xfrfof/k;ksa ds lkFkA

35 | P a g e
deyk x.kuk % vkids ckyokM+h bl [ksy ds lkFk fxurh
lh[kus ls I;kj djsxsaA os fizaVdjus ;ksX; xse cksMZ ij
dSVjfiyj dks jaxkus vkSj ,d gh le; mu fxurh dkS’ky dk
fuekZ.k djus ds fy, feysaxsA

yackbZ vkSj Hkkj dh rqyuk % ;qok f’k{kkfFkZ;ksa ds

fy,;gka ,d ljy [ksy gS f[kykfM+;ksa dks gj jkst
oLrqvksa dh yackbZ vkSj Hkkj dhrqyuk vH;kl fey
tk,xkA

vf/kd fxurh dk;Zdyki % ckyokM+hdrkZ bl ikWidkWuZ

fxurh dh xfrfof/k ds lkFk etsnkj gSa] tks mUgsa nkks
;k nks O;fDR;ksa }kjk fxuus esa enn djrk gSA

100 dh fxurh % ;s rhu xse gSa tks vkids ;qokvksa ds

fy, 100 dh fxurh djus ds fy, blrseky djrs gSA flQZ
100 NksVh phtksa dk pkVZ eqfnzr djsa vkSj os
[ksyus ds fy, rS;kj gSaA

36 | P a g e
tgkt vkdkj % ;gka ,d etsnkj xfrfof/k gS tks cPpksa
dks vkuan ysrh gS vkSj eaMy] oxZ] f=dks.k tSls
vkd`fr;ksa dks igpkuus dk vH;kl djus dk ekSdk feyrk
gSA cl [ksy cksMZ dks Nkisa vkSj os [ksyus ds fy,
rS;kj gSaA

la[;k eseksjh eSp vi % ;gka ,d gkseesM xf.kr dk [ksy

gS tks ikjaifjd eseksjh xse ds fy, ,d fV~oLV gS] tks
fd vkids cky okpd eSp uacj ds izrh dks lgh ek=k esa
enn djrk gS] tcfd mldh Ld`fr dkS’ky dks rst djrh gSA

leqnz rV ckWy eB % ;gka ,d xf.kr [ksy gS tks ;qok

f’k{kkfFkZ;ksa dks lfdz; jgus esa enn djsxkA bl ,d
lkFk xf.kr ds rF;ksa dk vH;kl djsa--------------- vkidks
cl leqnz rV dh xsanvkSj ekdZj dh t:jr gS vkSj vki ds
ikl tkuk gSA

eB Hopscotch djks % ;g cky fcgkj ds fy, ,d ckgj xf.kr

dk [ksy gS tks lgh ds lkFk pyk tkrk gS cPpksa dks

37 | P a g e
lcls T;knk djuk ilan gS -------- ,d uhps dwn vkSj flQZ
lknk ,d cPpk gksA

Count ls 100% x.kuk djuk lh[kuk fo’ks”k :Ik ls

ckyokM+h esa ;qokvksa ds fy, ,d cM+k lkSnk gSA
;gka ,detsnkj vkWuykbu xfrfof/k gS tks fd ckyokM+h
dscPpksadhla[;k 100 ls c<+dj enn djrk gSA

ckyokM+h tksM+ [ksyksa% fxurh dslkFk dqN vH;kl

izkIr djus ds ckn] cqfu;knh vfrfjDr vke rkSj ij vxys
xf.kr dkS’ky ds lkFk mUgsa ifjfpr ikus ds dy, gSA
bls etsnkj j[kus ds fy, ;kn j[ksA

vkSj fxurh % ;gka rhu vkSj fxurh dh xfrfof/k;kWa

gSaA igys nks tks vki Lo;a cukrs gSa vkSj rhljk ,d
vkWuykbu xfrfof/k gSA

ge fujarj vijkk/k ij vf/kd ckyokMh xf.kr ds [ksy tksM

nsaxs blfy, gesa cqdekdZ djuk lqfuf’pr djsa vkSj ;fn
vkids ikl fdaaMjxkVZu ds fy, xf.kr ds [ksy ds fy,

38 | P a g e
dksbZ fopkj gS rks vki lk>k djuk pkgrsa gS rsks
d~Ik;k etsnkj djsa

fefMy Ldwy eSFk xsEl

xf.kr es yxsa cPpksa izkIr djuk flQZ e/; fon~;ky; xf.kr

ds [ksy ds lkFk vklku gks x;k A cPpksa dks fefMy
Ldwy xf.kr dh vo/kkj.kkvksa dks tkuus vkSj lqn`<
cukus es enn djus ds fy, xse lQy gksus dh vko’;drk
gksxh vkSj mUgssa ,d gh le; esa dqN etk vk,xkA

f=Hkqt la[;k % ;gka ,d,slh xfrfof/k gS tks fo|kfFkZ;ksa

dks lkspus vkSj tkuus ds fy, layXu djrh gS
fdf=dks.kh; la[;k D;k gSA

tknw oxZ igsyh % rks tknw oxksZa ds ckjs esa bruk

tknw D;k gS\ ns[kus ds fy, fyad ij fDyd djsa fefMy
Ldwy ds cPpksa dh enn djus ds fy, cgqr lkjs xf.kr
dkS’ky dk vH;kl djrs gSaA

n’keyo MkVZ~l % ;gka ,d n’key xfrfof/k gS] tks tgka

f[kykM+h dks n’kdksa esa n’keyo dh lhek ds lkFk
39 | P a g e
Vkbi djuk pkfg,] ;fn dksbZ lgh n’keyo Vkbi fd;k x;k
gS rks MkVZ Qsad fn;k tk ldrk gSA MkVZ cksMZ ij
xqCckjs ikWi djus ds fy, flQZ lgh n’keyo ysus dk iz;kl
djsaA

n’key LFkku eku pkVZ % n’kdksa ds lkFk vf/kd vH;kl

ds fy,] n’keyo dh vo/kkj.kk dks lqn`<+ cukus esa enn
djus ds fy, bl LFkku ewY; pkVZ dh tkap djsaA vkidks
ml i`”B ij vf/kd n’keyo xfrfof/k;kWWa Hkh feysxhA

,DliksusaV cSVy % f[kykfM+;ksa dks bl xse esa

,DliksusaV dk ifjfpr vkSj vH;kl feysxkA vki lHkh dh
t:jr gS dkMZ [ksy ds ,d Msd gS vkSj vki [ksyus ds fy,
rS;kj gSaA

fons’kh ‘kfDr;ksa dk vfHkizk;% O;atu vH;kl djus ds

fy, etsnkj vkWuykbu xf.kr [ksyA vius bykds esa
fons’kh nq’eu Hkwfe ds lkeus ,DliksusaV ds mRrj
dks igpkuus dh dksf’k’k djsaA rhu vyx&vyx Lrj
1&oxZ&Lrj 2LDok;kj vkSj D;wCl Lrj 3&fefJr

40 | P a g e
psgjk&can&iw.kkZad dkMZ xse % vius E;wftd Ldwy
ds Nk=ksa dks bl etsnkj xfrfof/k ds lkFk ldkjkRed
vkSj udkjkRed iw.kkZafd;ksa ls csgrj <ax ls O;ogkj
djus esa lgk;rk djsaA ^^Qsl&vkWQ** ,d ,slh xfrfof/k
gS tks Nk=ksa dks flQZ lwpdkad dkMksZa esa gh
cuk ldrs gSaA dqN iw.kkZad etk ds fy, rS;kj gks
tkvksA

ek/; eksM dkMZ xse eryc % vkSlr] ek/;] eksM dkMZ

xse % dqN ek/;] vkSlr vkSj eksM xf.kr etsnkj dsckjs
esa dSls\ dkMZ [ksyuk vkSj okil vkus ds ,d fu;fer
Msd dks idM+ksA eSa vkids fy, bartkj d:axkA ¼;g
xf.kr dkMZ xse eryc] vkSlr ] vkSj eksM ij xfr ds fy,
mUgsa fey tk,xkA

iklk dh laHkkouk% vf/kdka’k cPpksa dks irk gS fd ;fn

vki ,d flDdk VkWl djrs gSa] rks iwaN ij ySafMax dk
50@50 ekSdk gksrk gSA ysfdu ;g ogka can ugha
djrk gS ;g iklk xfrfof/k Nk=ksa dks ns[krs gSA
fddSlsiklk jksy dh la[;k esa o`f) ;k ?kVrh ifj.kke dks
41 | P a g e
izHkkfor djrh gSA blfy, bls ,d dksf’k’k ns] jksy dh
la[;k pqus ftls vki djuk pkgrs gSa—

lh[kuk n’keyo ikjh % ;g ,d d{kk n’keyo xfrfof/k gS

vkSj e/; fo|ky;ksa dks ekufld xf.kr djus vkSj ,dgh le;
esa n’kdksa ds lkFk dke djus ds fy, bLrseky djus
esa enn djus ds fy, vPNk gSA cl xse dkMZ dks
fizaV djsa vkSj vki tkus ds fy, rS;kj gSaA

n’keyo pkSdksa % ;g ,d ,slh xfrfof/k gS tgka n’kdksa

vkSj izfr’kr led{kksa ds ckjs esa lh[kus ds nkSjku
Nk=ks dks dykRed vkSj jpukRed cuk;k tk ldrk gSA

izfr’kr eaFk [ksy % dSls ets ds ckjs esa Percents

lh[kus ds ckjs esa Åij fn, x, fyad ij fDyd djsa vkSj
fe’ku eSXusVkbV izfr’kr xse ds lkFk i`”B ikj tk,aA

vf/kd laHkkO;rk [ksyksa % bu xfrfof/k;ksa dk iz;kl

djsa tks fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks csgrj laHkkouk le>us esa
enndjsxk fd dSls laHkkouk,a dke djrh gSaA
42 | P a g e
xf.kr izkstsDV fopkj % ,d xf.kr ifj;kstuk tYn gh vk jgk
gS vkidks Åij fn, x, fyad ij xf.kr ifj;kstukvksa ds
fy,dqN vPNs fopkj feysaxsA

vkSj vxj vki e/; fo|ky; xf.kr dsfy, ifj;kstukvksa dh ryk’k

dj jgs gSA] rks feMyLdwy eSFk ifj;ktukvksa dh tkap
ds ckjs esa dSls ns[ksa

7 osa xzsM eB ‘kCnleL;k,a % ‘kCn leL;kvksa dbZ

Nk=ksa ds fy, ,d nq%Loiu Hkh gks ldrh gS] u fd
flQZ 7 osa xzsMj blfy, ;g i`”B ,d ,slh Ja[kyk esa igyk
gS] tks ‘kCn dh leL;kvksa dks gy djus ds lkFk e/;
fo|ky;ksa dh enn djsxkA

;fn vkidks dkMZ dslkFk e/; fo|ky; xf.kr dk [ksy ilan

gS] rks vkidks gekjs xf.kr dkMZ xse i`”B ij ,d lwph
feysxhA

vf/kdka’k e/; fo|ky; ds Nk=ksa

gkFk&vkWu&eFk&fØ;kdykiksa ds ek/;e ls csgrj
lh[krs gSaA ;s xfrfof/k;ka Nk=ksa dks u dsoy

43 | P a g e
vo/kkj.kkvksa dks u dsoy vo/kkj.kkvksa dks dYiuk
iznku djrh gSa] ysfdu mUgsa dk;Zokgh esa ns[ksaA

;fn vki eq[; :I ls e/; fo|ky;ksa ds fy, vkWuykbu xse

esa fnypLih j[kus gSa] rksvki vkWuykbu xf.kr [ksy
i`”B ij vkxs c<+ ldrs gSa] tgka vkidks e/; fo|ky; xf.kr
vkSj lkFk gh vU; xzsM ds Lrj feysaxs] ysfdu os lHkh
vkWuykbu xse gSaA

mu ?kkfV;ksa ds ckjs esa D;k\ 4 LDossMZ vkSj ,Dl

dh rjg phts 5oha ikoj esa c<+h ,DliksusaV~l ,d
egRoiw.kZ vo/kkj.kk gSa tks ek/;fed fo|ky;ksa dks
lh[krs gSaA ;gka dqN xf.kr ,DlikusaV xse vkids fy,
psd vkmV fd, x, gSaA

deky xf.kr fVªDl

eB pkysa ;qok yksxksa ds fgr dks txkuk os etsnkj

gSa vkSj Nk=ksa dks fofHkUu xf.kr dkS’ky lh[kus
vkSj vH;kl djus esaenn djrs gSaA

44 | P a g e
eSftd fVªDl cgqr etsnkj gSa] cPps mUgsa I;kj djrs
gSa vkSj vf/kd ds fy, okil vkrs jgsaxsA ekrk&firk ;k
f’k{kd ds :I esa] pkysa vkids cPps dks xf.kr ls vf/kd
vkuan ikus ds fy, izksRlkfgr djus dk ,d csgrjhu rjhdk
gSA

6174 fVªd ^^ubZ** % ;g ,d cgqr gh ‘kkar pky gS tks

4 vadksa ds ?kVko dkS’ky dks cukus esa enn djrk
gSA

dwy iz{ksi.k fVªd % pky ‘kq: gksus ls igys xf.kr

tknwxj ,d Hkfo”;ok.kh fy[kszxs] tks la[;kvksa ds ,d
lsV ls esy [kk,xk tks LoSfPNd csrjrhc <ax ls
tksM+rh gSA

dSyD;wysVj fVªDl % dSydqysVj dsoy xaHkhj xf.kr

lkeku ds fy, ugha gS] ;g vkids fe=ksa vkSj ifjokj ij
dqN cgqr gh ‘kkar xf.kr tknw djus ds fy, bLrseky fd;k
tk ldrk gSA

dSysaMj fVªd % dSysaMj ys yks vkSj ,d cgqr gh

‘kkar xf.kr pky ds fy, okyl vk tkvksA ;g tkuus ds fy,
vklku gS ysfdu dksbZ Hkh ;g le>us esa l{ke ugha
gS fd ;g dSls fd;k tkrk gSA
45 | P a g e
eSftd LDok;j oVZ fVªd % ;fn vki tkurs gSa fd ,d tknw
oxZ D;k gS] rks vkidks gekjs uohure xf.kr tknw dh
pky dk vuanysuk pkfg,A tknwxj rqUr mu pkj uacjksa
dks tksM+ ldrs gSa tks Lo;a lsod }kjk doj fd, x, gSa
blds lkFk ets djksA

ikWdsV eSFk pqusa % dqN ljy xf.kr tknw dke djds

fdlh O;fDRk dh viuh tsc esa fdruk ifjorZu gksrk gS ;g
le>saA

tUefnu dk eB % ;gkWa ,d cgqr vPNk tUefnu dk pky

gS xf.kr dk mi;ksx djrs gq, mUgsa vius flj dks
[kjksap djuk gksxk tc vki bls djsaxs xq.kk] tksM+
vkSj 3]4] vkSj 5 vad la[;kvksa ds ?kVko ds vH;kl ds
fy, Hkh vPNk gSA

xq.ku ;qfDr;kWa vkSj fVªDl % buesa ls dqN egku

fVIr] fVªDl vkSj de dVkSrh ns[ksa tks cgwr vklkuh ls
lh[krs gSaA

eB Mkbl fVªd % bl tknw xf.kr pky esa] vki 5 ikWalh

Qsad nsxs vkSj n’kZdksa dks ?kksf”krdjszxs fd vki

46 | P a g e
ikls ds ek/;e ls ns[k ldrs gSa vkSj iklk ds mNky ij
la[;k tksM+ ldrs gSaA

dwy ekbaM fVªd % ns[ksa vkSj tkusa f dbl ‘kkar

dSls djsa fd vkids fe=ksa vkSj ifjokj dks vk’p;Z pfdr
fd;k tk,xk vkSj vki ;g dSls lkspsxs fd ;g dSls fd;kA

la[;k fVªDl % ge esa ls vf/kdka’k gekjs gj fnu ds thou

esa uacj dk mi;ksx djrs gSaA xf.kr la[;k fVªDl cgqr
vPNs gSa vkSj xf.kr dh otg ls dke djrs gSaA cPps
mUgsa vkuan ysrs gSa D;ksafd os fe=ksa vkSj ifjokj
dks fofLer dj ldrs gSa ysfdu oscqfu;knh xf.kr dkS’ky
dk vH;kl djrs gSa] tcfd mUgsa izn’kZu djrs gSaA

xq.ku ‘kWVZdV % ;gka dqN egku xq.ku ‘kkWVZdV

gS tks vkids flj esa cM+h la[;k esa xq.kk djusesa
vkidh enn djsaxsA vki cgqr le; cpk,axs vkSj vius
nksLrksa vkSj f’k{kdksa dks Hkh izHkkfor djsaxsA

ekufld xf.kr fVªDl % vf/kdk xf.kr ‘kWVZdV vius flj esa

rsth ls xf.kr djuk cgqr vPNk gS== dbZ ckj vki
dSydqysVj dks gjk ldrs gSaA cPpksa dks

47 | P a g e
ykbVfuax QkLV dSydqys’ku djus ds fy, QdZ ugha
iM+rk fd Lrj ij gSa---

eB dkMZ fVªDl % dkMZ [ksyuk tSls vf/kdka’k cPps!

dqN ‘kkar xf.kr dkMZ pkysa tks izn’kZu jus ds fy,
etsnkj gSa ysfdu D;k yxrk gS fofHkUu xf.kr
vo/kkj.kkvksa dks iznf’kZr djus vkSj le>us ds fy, eB
dkMZ pkysa ,d lh[kus ds midj.k gSaA ge esa ls
vf/kdka’k ‘kk;n dgha ?kj ds vklikl fCkNkus dkMZ ds
,d Msd gSA

eq>s vk’kk gS fd vkius bu xqVksa dk mi;ksx xf.kr dk

mi;ksx fd;k gS ge le;&le; ij xf.kr ds lkFk vkSj vf/kd
;qfDr;ka tksM+ jgs gksaxs] blfy, vDlj okil tkapuk
lqfuf’pr djsaA xf.kr lh[kus esa fo|kfFkZ;ksa dh
fnypLih dks fpaxkjh djus ds fy, loksZRre rjhdksa esa
ls ,d dk mi;ksx djsaA

ekufld xf.kr D;k\

ekufld xf.kr rc gksrk gS tc ge xf.kr dh leL;k dks gy

djus ds fy, vius fnekx ls dqN Hkh ugha djrs gSaA

48 | P a g e
cPpksa dks vke rkSj ij lh[kuk ‘kq: gksrk gS fd dSls
xf.kr leL;kvksa dks ,d la[;k js[kk tSls midj.k ds mi;ksx
ls gy djus ds fy, ;k isu vkSj isalfy dk mi;ksx djds
leL;k fy[kuk le; ds lkFk] os xf.krh; leL;kvksa dks
ekufld :I ls gy djuk lh[krs gSa] varr% cgqr vklkuh ls
vkSj xfr ds lkFkA fot;h ekufld xf.kr ,d larks”k iznku
djrk gS tks xf.kr ds fy, izse dks c<+kok nsrk gS]tks
fd cPps dh f’k{kk ds nkSjku ykHkdkjh gks ldrk gSA
ekufld xf.kr] ,dkxzrk] leL;k lqy>kkus ds dkS’ky vkSj
rdZ {kerkvksa dks csgrj cukus esa Hkh lgk;rk dj ldrh
gSA

ekufld xf.kr fVªDl %

uhps dqN ekufld xf.kr ‘kWVZdV gSa tks Nk=ksa dks

dqN fLFkfr;ksa esa mi;ksx dj ldrs gSaA

xq.kk djds 5

5 ls xq.kk djus ds fy,] la[;k dks nks esa 5 xq.kk djds

foHkkftr djsa vkSj fQj mls 10 ls xq.kk djsaA

mnkgj.k ds fy] pyks 12xq.ks5 ds fy, gy djsaA 12

ysas vkSj nks esa foHkkftr djsa] rks ;g 6 gks tkrk

49 | P a g e
gSA vxrk] 6 ysa vkSj 10 ls xq.kk djsaA mRikn 60
gSA

Look;j nsk&vadh; la[;k 5 esa lekIr gks jgk g 5 esa

lekIr gksus okys fdlh Hkh nks vadksa ds oxZ dks
pkSjl djus ds fy,] igys vad ysa vkSj blesa 1
tksMs+aA blds ckn] ml jkf’k dks ysa vkSj ewy izFke
vad ds vuqlkj xq.kk djsaA var esa]ml mRikn dks ysa
vkSj bls 25 ds var esa j[ksaA

mnkgj.k ds fy,] pyks uacj 25 dk oxZA la[;k ¼2½ dk

igyk vad ysa vkSj tksMs+sa] 3 ds cjkcj gSA vkxs]ml
la[;k dks ewy la[;k ¼2×3½ dks igys vad ls xq.kk
djasA ;g gesa 6 nsrk gSA var esa]vafremRrj ikus ds
fy, 6 ds var esa 25 Mky fn;k %625A

xq.kk djds 6

;g pky dsoy rHkh dke djrh gS tc6 vadksa ls Hkh

xq.kk djrs gSaA lcls igys] og uacj ys yks tks vki 6
lsxq.kk dj jgs gSaA tokc esa ;g igyk vad gksxk
bldsckn] mlla[;k dks u ysa] tks vki 6 xq.kk djjgs gSa
vkSj tokc esa igys vadksa ds ihNs j[k ldrs gSaA ;g
vkidks vius vafre mRrj nsrk gSA

50 | P a g e
mnkjg.k ds fy,] pfy, 6×2 ds fy, gy djsaA igyk] 2 dk
vk/kk vad 1 gSA rks] 1 tokc esa igyk vad gSA blds
ckn] 2 ys ysa ¼og la[;k ftls vki 6 xq.kk dj jgs gSa½
vkSj bls 1 ds ihNs j[ksaA og vkidks viuk mRrj nsrk
gS% 12A

xq.kk djds 9

;g vkids gkFkksa dk mi;ksx djuk ‘kkfey gS] ysfdu

vH;kl ds lkFk] Nk=ksa dks muds flj esa dk;Zokgh dh
dYiuk djus esa l{ke gks tk,xkA

‘kq: djus ds fy,] vki ds lkeus nksuksa gkFkksa dks

maxfy;ksa ds lkFk vyx j[ksa vkSj viuh maxfy;ksa dks
1&10 ls ck,a ls nk,a uacj nsa ftl Hkh la[;k dks 9 ls
xq.kk fd;k tk jgk gS og maxyh gS tks vki >qdsaxsA
>qdus dh maxfy;ksa ds ckbZa vksj maxfy;ksa dh
la[;k mRrj dk igyk gksxk] vkSj vaxqyhdh maxfy;ksa
ds nkbZa vksj dh la[;k tokc esa nwljk vad gksxkA

mnkgj.k ds fy,] ;fn 9 dks 8 ls xq.kk fd;k tk jgk gS] rks

vki 8 maxyh dks >qdsaxs rh{.k maxyh ds ckbZa vksj
7 maxfy;ka gSa] vkSj 2 vaxqfy;ka nkbZa vksj gSa
rks] 8×9 dks mRrj 72 gSA

9 vadksa ls nks&vadksa dk xq.kk djuk

51 | P a g e
tokc esa igyk vad ges’kk 9 ls xq.kk gksus okys
vadksa dh rqyuk esa ,d de gksrk gSA vc] 10 esa ls
ml lek/kku dks ?kVkuk ¼mRrj esa igyk vad½ &;g
tokc esanwljk vad gSA

9 x.kuk djus ds fy, rsth ls xf.kr dh pkysa

eB dk ftxz dsoy dqN yksxksa] [kkldj cPpksa ds fy,

ijs’kkuh vkSj ruko dk dkj.k gSA ;gka ge 9 vadksa dh
xf.kr dh rjdhcsa yk, gSa] rkfd vkids vadxf.kr x.kuk
esa rsth vk ldsA bu xf.kr dh ;qfDr;ksa ds Kku ls
vkidks vius flaj esa x.kuk djuk cgqr rst vkSj vf/kd
egRoiw.kZ gSa] xf.kr ds Mj dksde djukA ysfdu
T;knkrj xf.kr vH;kl ds ckjs esa gSA blfy, bl vkys[k
esa] geus dqN lepeqp dwy izSfDVl lalk/ku lk>k fd,
gSa tks vki mi;ksx dj ldrs gSaA

rks vkb, ge viuh tknqbZ NM+h fudkysa vkSj gekjs

xf.kr Vksih ls dqN rstxf.kr [khapsA ftl xfr ls vki
izn’kZu djus esa l{ke gksaxs og nwljksa ds fy,tknw
dh deh ugha yxsxkA

QkLV xf.kr pky 1% ikoj xq.ku ;k 5 esa lekIr gksus

okys uacj dk oxZ

52 | P a g e
;gka xfr okLro esa vki dks frfLer djuk gksxk vius flaj
esa 85 dk oxZ <aw<us dk iz;kl djsa vkidks fdrus le;
yxsxk\ vc bl rsth ls xf.kr pky dh dksf’k’k djks ;gkWaA

bdkb;ksa esa 5 LFkkuksa ij /;ku u nsa

nlos LFkku esa vad ys ysa]vFkkZr 8 vkSj mlds

mRrjkf/kdkjh ds lkFk xq.kk djsa] vFkkZr~ 8$1¾9
ifj.kke 72 gSA

cl ifj.kke ds var esa 25 txg gS] vFkkZr~ 72251

722585 dk oxZ gS ;g vkidk mRrj gSA

D;k og rst xf.kr pky ugha Fkk\ bl xf.kr pky dk mi;ksx

fdlh Hkh le; fd;k tk ldrk gS tc vkidks 5 esa lekIr
gksus okys uacj dk oxZ feyuk gSA ;g 3 vadksa dh
la[;kvkas ds lkFk Hkh dke djrk gSA rks 135 dk oxZ
gS----- igys mRrjkf/kdkjh 13] mlds mRrjkf/kdkjh ds
lkFk 14 ¾182A

vc var esa 25 tksM+saA vkidk mRrj 18225 gSA

xq.ku esa LihM xq.kk rkfydkvksa vkSj rF;ksa dks

tkuus ds ckjs esa gSA rkfydkvksa dks ekLVj djus ds
fy, bl xq.kk cksMZ xse dks vktek,a fo|ky; ds Nk=ksa

53 | P a g e
ds lkFk gekjs ijh{k.kksa esa] ;g vH;kl vkSj bekjr
;knksa dks lq/kkjus esa cgqr izHkkoh lkfcr gqvk gSA

QkLV xf.kr pky 2%11 ds lkFk xq.kk djuk

vki 11 ds lkFk ,d la[;k dSls xq.kk djrs gS\ ,d mnkgj.k

ysrs gSaA dgrs gSa fdvkidks 35 ls 9 djuk gksxkA
uhps nh xbZ bu rhu pj.kksa dk ikyu djsaA

35 ds :Ik esa fy[ksa 3 ¼½ ¼tgka ¼½ ,d u;k vad ds

fy, ,d LFkku gS tks e/; esa Mkyk tk,xk½

e/; vad 3 ¼3$5½5 ds :Ik esa [kkstsaA e/; vad igys 2

vadksa dk ;ksx gS la[;k 385 gSA mruh gh ljy vkSj rst
gSA

ysfdu D;k gksxk vxj igys 2 vadksadhjkf’k 9 ls vf/kd

;kuh 2 vadksa dhla[;k\ ge ,d mnkgj.k fQj ls ysrs
gSaA dgsa fd la[;k 59 gS ftls 11 ds lkFk xq.kk djuk
gSA

e/;e vad5¼5$9½9¾5¼14½9 ds :I esa [kkstsa

pawfd e/; vad okLro esa ,d vad ughagS] ysfdu ,d 2
vadksa dh la[;k gS] blfy, igys vad esa 10 tksM+s
vkSj chp esa 4 cuk, j[ksaA

54 | P a g e
la[;k 5$1¼4½9¾64 9 gSA ftruh rsth ls

QkLV xf.kr pky 3%5 dslkFk xq.kk djuk

5 ds lkFk fdlh la[;k ds xq.kk djus ds fy, lekurk 10 ds

lkFk xq.kk djuk vkSj bls 2 ls foHkkftr djuk gSA lgh
gS\ ge 5 ds lkFk gekjs xq.ku dks rst djus ds fy, bl
fu;e dk mi;ksx dj ldrs gSaA rks ;gka pky gSA dgsa
fd vki 5 ds lkFk 236 dks xq.kk djuk pkgrs gSaA

uacj 2 dh la[;k 118 ls foHkkftr djsaA

vc var esa 0 tksM+saA bldk tokc gS 1180

D;k og rst xf.kr ;k D;k Fkk! ysfdu :dks] D;k gksxk ;fn
mRrj n’keyo esa gS\ fu;e vHkh Hkh j[krk gS dksf’k’k
vkSj 55 ds lkFk 1305xq.kk djsa

la[;k 2 ls foHkkftr djsa] vFkkZr~ 652-5

vc bls 10 ;kuh 6525 ls xq.kk djsaA ;g var esa ,d 0

tksM+us ;k ,d n’keyo fcUnq dks de dne ds nkfgus
vksj ys tkus ds leku gSA

QkLV xf.kr pky 4%9 ds lkFk xq.kk djuk

eku yhft, vki 9 rd ,d la[;k c<+kuk pkgrs gSa] D;k

dksbZ rst rjhdk gS\ Bhd gS] dqN ,slh pht gS tc vki

55 | P a g e
cM+h la[;k esa dke dj jgs gSa vkSj fo’ks”kdj ;fn vki
?kVko ds lkFk miokl dj jgs gSa rks vkidh enn
feysxhA dgsa fd vkidks 9 dks 9 ds lkFk c<+kuk gSA

la[;k ds var esa 0 ;kuh 810

ubZ la[;k ls ewy la[;k ?kVk,a 810&729

;g fu;e gj le; dke djrk gSA dsoy ,d pht ;g gS fd vc vki

e/; vkdkj ds uacjksa ds lkFk dke dj jgs gksrs gSa rks
;g FkksM+h isj’kkuh gks tkrh gS] ,d 4 vadksa dk
uacj ;k ,slk dgrs gSaA ysfdu ;g xf.kr pky vHkh Hkh 9
xq.kk vkSj de =qfV izo.k ds lkFk djsxh] tks ge esa ls
vf/kdka’k ds fy, gksxkA rks 9 ds lkFk xq.kk djus ds
fy, gekjs rst xf.kr dh pky Fkh

fVªDl Bhd gSa vkSj os enn djrs gSa ysfdu eq[; /;ku
vH;kl gksuk pkfg,A bu xf.kr rduhdksa dk vH;kl djsa
tc rd fd vkids flj ls ckgj fudyus dh la[;k ‘kq: gks tkrh
gS] dqN uhps dh Nfo dh rjgA ftruk vf/kd vki vH;kl
djrs gSa] mruk rsth ls vkidks vkSj vf/kd :fp feyrh gSA

56 | P a g e
57 | P a g e