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ECE/CS 439 Mini Project: Acoustic FMCW RADAR

This document describes two mini projects involving acoustic sensing techniques: 1. An acoustic FMCW radar system using speakers and smartphones to detect changes in the 2D location of a smartphone by transmitting frequency modulated continuous waveforms and measuring frequency differences between received signals. 2. An acoustic echolocation sensor using an array of a speaker, receiver, and reflector to measure the distance of the reflector by detecting peaks in the channel impulse response corresponding to the direct path and reflected path which change relative to each other if the reflector is moved. The echoes are detected from the channel impulse response.

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53 views2 pages

ECE/CS 439 Mini Project: Acoustic FMCW RADAR

This document describes two mini projects involving acoustic sensing techniques: 1. An acoustic FMCW radar system using speakers and smartphones to detect changes in the 2D location of a smartphone by transmitting frequency modulated continuous waveforms and measuring frequency differences between received signals. 2. An acoustic echolocation sensor using an array of a speaker, receiver, and reflector to measure the distance of the reflector by detecting peaks in the channel impulse response corresponding to the direct path and reflected path which change relative to each other if the reflector is moved. The echoes are detected from the channel impulse response.

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ECE/CS 439

Mini Project

Acoustic FMCW RADAR


In this mini project, you would design an acoustic sensing system to determine the change in 2D lo-
cation of a user’s smartphone. The project would be evaluated based on a demo. To this end, you
would replicate the techniques proposed in CAT [1] which is primarily based on Frequency Modulated
Continuous Waveform (FMCW).

An ideal FMCW RADAR transmits a signal whose frequency changes linearly with time (between a
maximum and minimum frequency). The reflected signal from the target would also change in frequency
over time. An example of transmitted and reflected signals in shown in Figure 1. At any given point
of time, the frequency difference between the transmitted and received signals is related to the target
distance by the following relation.

∆f
delay = slope of f over time

Thus, by determining the frequency difference between the transmitted and reflected wave, an
FMCW RADAR can track the target distance.

In this project, you would implement a slightly modified version of FMCW as presented in CAT.
Consider a speaker continuously transmitting FMCW signals and a smartphone receiving them. While
an ideal FMCW radar computes frequency difference between transmitted and received signal, CAT
computes the frequency difference between signals received at the smartphone at two different time
points. While an ideal FMCW radar can compute the distance of the target, CAT can use the com-
puted frequency difference to compute the change in location.

You need to compute the change in location when the initial location is known. You are allowed to
use a system of two smartphone/laptop speaker/receivers with known positions. A third smartphone’s
location is also known. The change in location of the third smartphone needs to be detected based on
FMCW design. Perform all sound transmissions in the inaudible frequency range.

1
Figure 1: FMCW frequency sweep

Echolocation
In this mini project, you would design an acoustic echo-location sensor. Consider a 1D array of sound
speaker, receiver, and reflector at locations 0, 1, and 1.2 meters respectively on the x-axis. The receiver
would receive direct line of sight signals from the speaker as well as the reflections from the reflector.
The direct path and the reflected path are separated by 40cm. The channel impulse response (CIR)
would have two peaks separated by 40cm. Your goal would be to design a system that measures the
distance of the reflector from the receiver. The project would be evaluated based on a demo. The
CIR peaks corresponding to direct and reflected path would move relative to each other if the reflector
is moved. The echoes can be detected from the CIR. You need to design a training sequence at the
transmitter to be able to detect the CIR.

References
[1] Mao, W., He, J., and Qiu, L. Cat: high-precision acoustic motion tracking. In MOBICOM
(2016), ACM.

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