ADIGRAT UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & COMPUTER ENGINEERING

COURSE PLAN
COURSE TITLE & CODE: ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION ACADEMIC RANK: MSC. IN ELECTRICAL
(ECEg4221) POWER ENGINEERING

CREDIT HOURS: 5 ECTS (2LEC+3TUT+0 LAB) OFFICE LOCATION: BOCK-01, ROOM-23

ACADEMIC YEAR: 2009 E.C, SEMESTER: I CONSULTATION HOURS: EVERY MONDAY &
THURSDAY (11:00-2:00)
INSTRUCTOR’S NAME: G/TSADIK T.

1. COURSE OBJECTIVE
 tand the different procedures employed in installation inspection and testing
 Determine cost of electrical installations with their specification
2. COURSE RATIONALE

Power electronics: the hidden technology that

makes the modern world run
2013-05-14 - The systems and machines of the modern world increasingly depend on power
electronics to run efficiently and sustainably. Without this technology, electric motors would
always run at full speed and renewables, such as solar and wind power, could not be fed into the
electricity grid.

Around 40 percent of the world’s power needs are currently met by electrical energy and that
proportion is expected to rise as countries cut carbon emissions and shift to renewable energy
sources. As the trend towards electrification and renewable energies increases, enabling
technologies such as power electronics are becoming ever more important.

Power electronics is an umbrella term that encompasses the systems and products involved in
converting and controlling the flow of electrical energy. Simply charging a laptop, for example,
requires modifying the alternating-current (AC) voltage from the electricity mains to a lower
voltage direct current (DC). And if that current originally came from a solar panel, it will have
already been converted from DC voltage to the (European) standard 230 volts, 50 hertz AC
voltage, using a power electronics-based converter called a solar inverter.

Motor drives
The traditional application area of power electronics is variable speed drives for electrical
motors. Power-electronics technologies are able to vary the speed of motor drives, making
processes more efficient and reducing the amount of energy consumed. An obvious example is
heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. Without power-electronics inverters,
the motors running these systems would continually be running at full throttle, consuming vast
amounts of unnecessary energy.
Variable speed drives slow down or speed up motors, depending on the load of work that must be
performed. They also control the process to ensure a consistent level of quality. Applied to
HVAC systems, machinery in factories, and on planes, trains and ships, the motors deliver
precisely the right amount of power needed at any given time, conserving energy and also
permitting trains and elevators to accelerate and decelerate gently.

In electric vehicles, power electronics allows braking energy to be

stored and supplied to the battery as needed

Electric vehicles
Electrification is opening up more applications for power electronics such as drive trains for electric
vehicles (EVs) and hybrids, as well as DC fast-charging stations, which can charge EV batteries in a matter
of 15-30 minutes, compared with the many hours it takes using standard residential charging ports. In
the case of electric vehicles, power electronics can be used to store braking energy and to supply it back
to the battery as needed.

Data centers
Another area where power electronics can deliver significant energy savings is data centers, which now
account for over two percent of electricity consumption in the US and Europe. More than a third of the
energy used in data centers goes on cooling. By applying variable speed drives to air conditioners and
pumps, the speed of these systems can be adjusted to match the amount of cooling needed. The
resulting energy savings are substantial: a (centrifugal) pump or fan running at 80% speed, for instance,
consumes only half as much energy as a unit running at full speed.

Efficient electricity transmission

As well as variable drives to control the speed of motors, power electronics makes it possible to
transport electricity over huge distances with minimal losses. This is accomplished by power-electronics
converters, which transform alternating current (AC) into high-voltage direct current (HVDC) and vice-
versa.

Being able to convert current is important because while power stations generate AC and the power
delivered to consumers is also AC, HVDC is better for transmitting electricity, especially underground and
under the sea. One reason is environmental – an HVDC transmission line is much smaller and needs less
space than AC lines for the same power capacity – the other has to do with control over the power flow.
A third reason HVDC is useful is because it can be used to connect power from different systems, such as
wind turbines and solar panels.

Renewables
In the case of solar energy, power-electronics inverters make it possible to transform DC energy
produced by a solar panel into AC, which can then be fed into a commercial electricity grid. A similar
conversion from DC to AC is needed for wind energy, which must also be fed into the grid at a constant
frequency, despite fluctuating wind conditions.

The electronics behind the power

The core technology behind power electronics is the power semiconductor. One of the world’s most
important competence clusters for power electronics is run by ABB in Switzerland, where the company
develops and manufactures semiconductors and integrates them into power electronics-based products
and systems.

ABB currently has around 1,800 employees working in its power electronics cluster in Switzerland. In
March 2013, ABB announced plans to expand its research laboratory with an 18 million Swiss franc ($19
million) facility in Dättwil, Switzerland, to develop the next generation of power semiconductors.

As this article has highlighted, such investments make sense both technologically and commercially
because the world is increasingly relying on electricity from diverse energy sources, and power
electronics is the key technology when it comes to efficiently running electrical motors.

• Learn ideal switching elements and characteristics of various power semiconductor switches, • Analyze
uncontrolled/controlled single- and three-phase rectifiers, and calculate power and harmonic content in
nonsinusoidal waveforms, • Use multi-pulse rectifier topologies, • Evaluate performance of single- and
three-phase AC-AC converters and various control techniques in terms of harmonic content, • Analyze
buck- and boost-type (class A to D) DC-DC converters and four-quadrant operation, • Investigate power
circuit topologies of single- and three-phase square-wave and modified-sine-wave inverters, • Use
various modulation (control) techniques such as pulse width modulation and selective harmonic
elimination.

3. COURSE DESCRIPTION

Semiconductor power switching devices used in power electronic circuits: Diode, bipolar junction
transistor (BJT), silicon controlled rectifier (thyristor), triac, diac, gate turn-off thyristor (GTO), mosfet,
insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), integrated-gate commutated thyristor (IGCT), and injection-
enhanced gate transistor (IEGT). I-V characteristics, operation principles, maximum voltage and current
ratings. AC-DC converters (Rectifiers): Single phase half-wave uncontrolled and controlled rectifiers,
Single phase full-wave uncontrolled and controlled rectifiers, Three-phase half-wave uncontrolled and
controlled rectifiers, three-phase full-wave uncontrolled, and controlled rectifiers; Alternating Current
Converters (AC choppers), Direct Current Converters (DC choppers), DC-AC Converters (inverters)

4. COURSE CONTENT AND SCHEDULE

OF ACTIVITIES
 Content Lectures, Tutorials,
Week Labs, tests,
assignements, etc
1. Introduction

1.1. Definition of Power Electronics

Week 1 1.2. History of Power Electronics
1.3. Interdisciplinary Nature of Power Electronics
1.4. Application of Power Electronics
1.5. Semiconductor Switches/Types of Solid-State Switches (The diode,
The Transistor, and The Thyristor)
2. Uncontrolled Rectifiers

2.1. Lighting terminology

2.2. Lighting design
Using standard and regulations, Lighting level, Lighting quality,
Week
lighting economy
1, 2
2.3. Artificial light sources
2.4. Lighting laws
Inverse square law, Cosine law, Derived equations
2.5. Lighting design
Point by point method, Lumens method
2.6. Luminaires Ballasts, and Lamps
3. Controlled Rectifiers

Week 3.1. Introduction

3,4 3.2. Cables
3.3. Conductors
3.4. Electrical Installation accessories and Fitting: Switches, Plugs and
Sockets, Protective Devices (Fuses, Circuit Breakers),Tools
4. AC voltage controllers and
cycloconverters
Week
SINGLE PHASE CONTROLLERS  )
5,6,7,8
POLYPHASE CONTROLLERS
TRANSFORMER TAP CHANGERS CYCLOCONVERTERS
DESIGN OF AC VOLTAGE CONTROLLER CIRCUITS
EFFECTS OF-INDUCTANCES
5. DC-DC converters (choppers) and dc
motor drive applications
 Lectures 5, 6 & 7
Week INTRODUCTION  Tutorial 5 & 6
9 STEP-DOWN AND STEP-UP CHOPPER OPERATION  Quizes (sudden)
SWITCHING-MODE REGULATORS
THYRISTOR CHOPPER CIRCUITS
CHOPPER CIRCUIT DESIGN
 6. Inverter
Week
5.1. PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
10
5.2. SINGLE PHASE INVERTERS
5.3. POLYPHASE INVERTERS VOLTAGE CONTROL OF INVERTERS
5.4. HARMONIC REDUCTIONS

7. Power electronic applications in

Week power systems 

Lectures 11 & 12
Tutorial 11& 12
11,12  Test 5 (10%)
Estimating electrical construction cost, Electrical construction
specification, Contract law

1. TEACHING METHODS, AND ORGANIZATION

The course is organized in lecture and tutorials. In addition the students will be expected to work on design
project. The topic of the design project and the activities to be performed will be given by the course instructor in
a separate document. Upon completion of the course, compulsory oral presentation of the design project will be
scheduled and arranged in a form of a mini conference. Students are also expected to work on other home
assignments.

2. ASSESSMENT

Assessment consists of assignments, tests and quizzes and a term paper (60%) and a three to four hour end of
semester summative examination (40%).
Continuous assessment  60%
a. Design Project (including paper, presentation and lab activity)  30%
b. Test + quizzes + assignments  30%
Final Exam  40%

3. INSTRUCTORS TARGET ON STUDNTS PERFORMANCE

Ü Instructor’s target (plan) on student’s performance (achievement) is 90%.

Ü NB: The GTP based national graduation target is above 90% (Students graduated/students enrolled*
100%).Hence it is advisable this national target is critically observed.

4. GRADING & GRADING SCALE

Students will be graded using criteria referenced (fixed scale grading system). Letter grades are
assigned as indicated below.

Grade Interval for grading Interpretation

A+ [90,100] Excellent
A [85,90) Excellent
A- [80,85) Excellent
B+ [75,80) Very good
B [70,75) Very good
 B- [65,70) Good
C+ [60,65) Good
C [50,60) satisfactory
C- [45,50) satisfactory
D [40,45) unsatisfactory
FX [30,40) fail
F Below 30 fail

5. TEXTS AND SUPPORTING MATERIALS

Text Book:
William D.Stevenson,Jr., Elements of Power System Analysis, McGraw/Hill, Fourth Edition.

References:
1. S.S.Vadhere, Power Analysis and Stability.
2. Dr.S.L.Uppal, Electrical Power.
3. Syed A.Nasar, Electrical Power Systems Schuams Outline.

6. COURSE PROGRESS EVALUATION FOCUS

Course evaluation will be through feedback received from students in the lecture, tutorial programmers;
examination and test results and through an anonymous student survey which will be conducted every
month.

7. KEY UNIVERSITY INFORMATION

ACADEMIC MISCONDUCT
Students must conduct their studies at the University honestly, ethically and in accordance with accepted
standards of academic conduct. Any form of academic conduct that is contrary to these standards is
academic misconduct and is unacceptable. Some students engage deliberately in academic misconduct,
with intent to deceive. This conscious, premeditated form of cheating is one of the worst forms of fraudulent
academic behavior, for which the University has zero tolerance and for which penalties, including exclusion
from the University, will be applied. However the University recognizes many students commit academic
misconduct without intent to deceive. These students may be required to undertake additional educational
activities to remediate their behavior. Specifically it is academic misconduct for a student to:
a. Cheat in examinations and tests by communicating, or attempting to communicate, with a fellow
individual who is neither an invigilator or member of staff; by copying or attempting to copy from a
fellow candidate; attempting to introduce or consult during the examination, any unauthorized printed or
written material, or electronic calculating or information storage device; or mobile phones or other
communication device, or impersonates another.
b. Fabricate results by claiming to have carried out tests, experiments or observations that have not
taken place or by presenting results not supported by the evidence with the object of obtaining an unfair
place or by presenting results not supported by the evidence with the object of obtaining an unfair
advantage.
c. Misrepresent themselves by presenting an untrue statement or not disclosing where there is a duty
to disclose in order to create a false appearance or identity.
d. Plagiaries by representing the work of another as their won original work, without appropriate
acknowledgement of the author or the source. This category of cheating includes the following:
  Collusion, where a piece of work prepared by a group is represented as if it were the student’s
own;
 Acquiring or commissioning a piece of work, which is not his/her own and representing it as if it
were, by Purchasing a paper from a commercial service, including internet sites, whether pre-
written or specially prepared for the student concerned.
 Submitting a paper written by another person, either by a fellow student or a person who is not a
member of the University;
 Duplication of the same or almost identical work for more than one assessment item;
 Copying ideas, concepts, research data, images, sounds or text;
 Paraphrasing a paper from a souce text, whether in manuscript, printed or electronic form,
without appropriate acknowledgement;
 Cutting or pasting statements from multiple sources or piecing together work of others and
representing them as original work;
 Submitting as one own work, all or part of another student’s work, even with the student’s
knowledge or consent.
 A student who willing assists another student to plagiarize (for example by willingly giving them
their own work to copy from) is also breaching academic integrity, and may be subject to
disciplinary action.

8. KEY STUDENT-RELATED POLICIES

All University policy documents are accessible to students via the University’s website at: www.adu.edu.et

9. NAME AND SIGNATURE

Name of course Instructor: 1. G/Tsadik Teklay: 2. Abey Daniel:

Name of Team Leader: Signature and date

Name of department head Signature and date

Name of College Dean: Signature and date

Name of QA Head: Signature and date