WP 36544-2015 PDF

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IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS
DATED: 08.12.2015
CORAM
THE HON'BLE Mr. JUSTICE T.S.SIVAGNANAM
W.P.Nos.36544 to 36549 of 2015 &

connected M.Ps
W.P.No.36544 of 2015
C.Vembusamy [ PETITIONER ]
Vs
1.The District Collector

Erode District, Erode.
2.The Competent Authority NH-47/

The District Revenue Officer
Erode, Erode District. [RESPONDENTS]
Petition filed under Article 226 of the Constitution of India

praying to issue a Writ of Certiorarified Mandamus, to call for the
entire records relating to the impugned order passed by the first
respondent in his proceedings No.NH-47/Arbitration/2015, dated
09.10.2015 and quash the same and consequently direct the first
respondent to entertain the petitioner's appeal dated 05.10.2015 filed
under section 3-G(5) of National Highways Act for higher
compensation and dispose the same on merits.
For Petitioners .. Mr.C.Prakasam
For Respondents .. Mr.R.Vijayakumar

Addl.Govt.Pleader
COMMON ORDER
With the consent of the learned counsel on either side, the writ
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petition is taken up for final disposal.
2. Heard Mr.C.Prakasam, learned Counsel appearing for the
petitioners and Mr.R.Vijayakumar, learned Additional Government
Pleader appearing for the respondents.
3.In all these Writ Petitions, the petitioners claim for
enhancement of compensation which came to be rejected by the
District Collector by the impugned proceedings on the ground that the
petitioners have not approached the authority within a period of three
years from the date on which the award has been passed.
4.Admittedly, the lands owned by the petitioners have been
taken over for the purpose of formation of National Highways and it is
a compulsory acquisition of land. The petitioners having lost their
lands are entitled for fair and reasonable compensation and such
claims for higher compensation should be decided at the earliest,
without much delay.
5.The petitioners are stated to be the poor agriculturists and
probably not well informed about the legal position. Be that as it
may, this Court has considered several writ petitions filed by the land
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owners who have approached the District Collector claiming enhanced
compensation and the District Collectors have slept over the matter
and kept the cases pending for several years. This has compelled this
Court to issue directions to the respective District Collectors to
conclude the proceedings at the earliest point of time, since the
petitioners have lost their valuable right to property which has been
held to be a human right.
6.The learned counsel for the respondents as well as the
National Highways Department would submit that the provisions of the
Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 would apply and therefore, the
period of limitations will be three years. However, the impugned order
does not refer to the provisions of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act
and refers onlynto the National Highways Act, 1956 which does not
provide for any specific period of limitation.
7.Before the First Bench of this Court a Writ Petition was filed as
a Public Interest Litigation in W.P.No.32197 of 2012
[R.GOPALAKRISHNAN v. THE SECRETARY TO GOVERNMENT & 6 ORS]
on behalf of the land owners whose lands were taken by the National
Highways Department for the expansion of NH Road 68. The Division

4
Bench considered the matter, directed the claims to be considered by
the respective Collectors namely the District Collector of Villpuram, and
the District Collector, Salem. The said order dated 4.12.2012 reads as
follows:
"Heard the learned counsel appearing for the

parties. By this writ petition, styled as public inerest
litigation, the petitioner seeks a writ of mandamus to
direct the respondents 1 to 3, 5 and 6 to consider and
pass orders on his representation dated 08.11.2012.
2.It appears that the lands of agriculturists were
acquired for widening the National Highway Road-68
from Ulundurpet to Salem. Against the compensation
assessed by the fifth respndent - Competent Authority
(District Revenue Officer) under the Act, it is stated
that the concerned farmers moved the District
Collector, who is functioning as an Arbitrator, for
enhancement of compensation. Since nothing has
been done till date, the present writ petition has been
filed.
3.After hearing the learned counsel appearing
for the petitioner and Mr.P.Wilson, learned Senior
Counsel appearing for the National Highways
Authority of India, we weel that the claim of each
farmer for higher compensation shall be decided
independently, as the same cannot be decided in a
representative capacity. Therefore, the writ petitioner
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and the concerned farmers, if so advised, may file

individual claim petitions for enhancement of
compensation. Needless to say that if such claim
petitions are filed, the third and fourth respondents -
Collectors of Villupuram and Salem District, shall
decide the same as expeditiously as possible,
preferably within a period of three months from the
date of filing claim petitions.
4.With the above direction, the writ petition is
disposed of. There shall no order as to cosrts."
Thus, the First Bench issued the above directions to consider the
claims of the land loosers within a stipulated time frame and that was
without reference to the plea of limitation. Therefore, the question
question would be as to whether what is the nature of approach of the
authorities to such issues.
8.As already observed, the petitioners have lost their valuable
property and have not resisted the acquisition proceedings, bearing in
mind the public interest involved. In such cases, the approach of the
authorities should be to consider applications or claims for enhanced
compensation in a pragmatic and justice oriented approach and their
approach should be non-pedantic. There is always a distinction
between inordinate delay and delay. It is not the case of the

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respondents that the claims of the petitioners were inordinately
delayed, but, solely on the ground that the applications have been
filed beyond the period of three years. The petitioners have also set
out the reasons as to why they have approached the authority after
the period of three years from the date of Award.
9. Section 3G of the National Highways Act, 1956, deals with
determination of the amount payable as compensation. In terms of
sub section (1) of Section 3G, where any land is acquired under the
said Act, the amount payable as compensation shall be determined by
an order of the competent autority and sub-section (3) stipulates the
procedure to be followed by the competent authority while deciding the
claim for compensation. Sub-section (4) states that notice given by
the competent authority should be with full particulars and it provides
for an opportunity to the persons interested in such land to appear in
person or by an agent or by a legal practioner to verify their claim. In
terms of sub section(5) of section 3G, if the amount determined by the
competent authority under section sub-section (1) or sub-section (2) is
not acceptable to either of the parties, the amount shall, on an
application by either of the parties be determined by the arbitrator to
be appointed by the Central Government. The Arbitrator so appointed

7
by the Central Government is the Collector of the respective districts.
10.Thus, the authority who has to discharge the claim for
enhanced compensation or the compensation so fixed is the Arbitratior
who is appointed by the central Government. Thus, the function of
the Arbitrator is to consider the Application for higher compensation.
11.In terms of sub section (6) of section 3G of the Act,
proceedings to be conducted by the Arbitrator is in terms of Arbitration
and Conciliation Act and the procedural law at best could aid in the
object for which power had been conferred on the Arbitrator in terms
of section 3G (5) of the National Highways Act. As long as the
National Highways Act, does prescribe a period of limitation, the
procedural law to be followed by the Arbitrator while adjudicating a
dispute, cannot seek to take away the vested right of a land looser to
seek for enhanced compensation for such procedural law cannot seek
to abrogate the rights of the person who is aggrieved by the fixation of
compensation by the competent authority. This is so because section
3G(5) of the national Highways Act uses the expression "not
acceptable to either of the parties". This interpretation alone would
subserve the intention of the statute as the compensation payable

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should be just and reasonable and not fanciful or a bounty.
12.This District Collector has filed a counter affidavit reiterating
the contentions raised in the impugned order and by referring to
section 3G(6) and the provisons of the Arbitration and Conciliation of
the Act.
13.It may be true that the proceedings are governed by the
procedure contemplated under the Arbitration and Conciliation Act and
that by itself cannot deny the right of the land owners for just and
reasonable compensation and the delay in approaching the authority
cannot non-suit the land owner who has lost his valuable right over the
property.
14.In the light of the above, the impugned orders are held to be
unsustainable and accordingly, the Writ Petitions are allowed and the
impugned orders are set aside and the first respondent is directed to
consider the petitioners claim for enhanced compensation on merits
and in accordance with law as expeditiously as possible, preferably
within a period of four weeks from the date of receipt of a copy of this
order. No costs. Consequently, connected Miscellaneous Petitions are
closed.
08.12.2015
rpa
9
Note:Issue order copy on 16.12.2015
T.S.SIVAGNANAM, J.
rpa
W.P.Nos.36544 to
36549 of 2015
10
08.12.2015

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1

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS

THE HON'BLE Mr. JUSTICE T.S.SIVAGNANAM

W.P.Nos.36544 to 36549 of 2015 &

1.The District Collector

2.The Competent Authority NH-47/

Petition filed under Article 226 of the Constitution of India

For Petitioners .. Mr.C.Prakasam

For Respondents .. Mr.R.Vijayakumar

petition is taken up for final disposal.

2. Heard Mr.C.Prakasam, learned Counsel appearing for the

petitioners and Mr.R.Vijayakumar, learned Additional Government

Pleader appearing for the respondents.

3.In all these Writ Petitions, the petitioners claim for

enhancement of compensation which came to be rejected by the

District Collector by the impugned proceedings on the ground that the

petitioners have not approached the authority within a period of three

4.Admittedly, the lands owned by the petitioners have been

taken over for the purpose of formation of National Highways and it is

a compulsory acquisition of land. The petitioners having lost their

claims for higher compensation should be decided at the earliest,

without much delay.

5.The petitioners are stated to be the poor agriculturists and

probably not well informed about the legal position. Be that as it

owners who have approached the District Collector claiming enhanced

Court to issue directions to the respective District Collectors to

conclude the proceedings at the earliest point of time, since the

held to be a human right.

6.The learned counsel for the respondents as well as the

National Highways Department would submit that the provisions of the

period of limitations will be three years. However, the impugned order

provide for any specific period of limitation.

a Public Interest Litigation in W.P.No.32197 of 2012

[R.GOPALAKRISHNAN v. THE SECRETARY TO GOVERNMENT & 6 ORS]

Highways Department for the expansion of NH Road 68. The Division

Bench considered the matter, directed the claims to be considered by

the respective Collectors namely the District Collector of Villpuram, and

"Heard the learned counsel appearing for the

and the concerned farmers, if so advised, may file

without reference to the plea of limitation. Therefore, the question

question would be as to whether what is the nature of approach of the

authorities to such issues.

8.As already observed, the petitioners have lost their valuable

property and have not resisted the acquisition proceedings, bearing in

authorities should be to consider applications or claims for enhanced

compensation in a pragmatic and justice oriented approach and their

approach should be non-pedantic. There is always a distinction

between inordinate delay and delay. It is not the case of the

respondents that the claims of the petitioners were inordinately

the period of three years from the date of Award.

9. Section 3G of the National Highways Act, 1956, deals with

determination of the amount payable as compensation. In terms of

said Act, the amount payable as compensation shall be determined by

an order of the competent autority and sub-section (3) stipulates the

procedure to be followed by the competent authority while deciding the

claim for compensation. Sub-section (4) states that notice given by

the competent authority should be with full particulars and it provides

for an opportunity to the persons interested in such land to appear in

person or by an agent or by a legal practioner to verify their claim. In