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    2006 6 Pair PDF

    Uploaded by

    Fustei Bogdan
    The document presents two inequalities relating the sums of the medians, symmedians, and angle bisectors of a triangle. The first inequality states that the sum of the symmedians is less than or equal to the sum of the medians, which is in turn less than or equal to the sum of the symmedians plus twice the maximum side length minus the minimum side length. The second inequality states that the sum of the medians is less than or equal to the sum of the angle bisectors plus the maximum side length minus the minimum side length. Equalities hold only for an equilateral triangle.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    2006 6 Pair PDF

    Uploaded by

    Fustei Bogdan
    81 views2 pages
    The document presents two inequalities relating the sums of the medians, symmedians, and angle bisectors of a triangle. The first inequality states that the sum of the symmedians is less than or equal to the sum of the medians, which is in turn less than or equal to the sum of the symmedians plus twice the maximum side length minus the minimum side length. The second inequality states that the sum of the medians is less than or equal to the sum of the angle bisectors plus the maximum side length minus the minimum side length. Equalities hold only for an equilateral triangle.

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    2006_6_pair.pdf

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    The document presents two inequalities relating the sums of the medians, symmedians, and angle bisectors of a triangle. The first inequality states that the sum of the symmedians is less than or equal to the sum of the medians, which is in turn less than or equal to the sum of the symmedians plus twice the maximum side length minus the minimum side length. The second inequality states that the sum of the medians is less than or equal to the sum of the angle bisectors plus the maximum side length minus the minimum side length. Equalities hold only for an equilateral triangle.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    81 views2 pages

    2006 6 Pair PDF

    Uploaded by

    Fustei Bogdan
    The document presents two inequalities relating the sums of the medians, symmedians, and angle bisectors of a triangle. The first inequality states that the sum of the symmedians is less than or equal to the sum of the medians, which is in turn less than or equal to the sum of the symmedians plus twice the maximum side length minus the minimum side length. The second inequality states that the sum of the medians is less than or equal to the sum of the angle bisectors plus the maximum side length minus the minimum side length. Equalities hold only for an equilateral triangle.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    A PAIR OF INEQUALITIES FOR THE SUMS OF THE

    MEDIANS
    AND SYMMEDIANS OF A TRIANGLE

    by MIRCEA LASCU,
    Zalău, România

    In this note A, B, C denote the vertices of a triangle, a, b, c the sides and (ma , mb , mc ),
    (wa , wb , wc ) and (sa , sb , sc ) the medians, angle-bisectors, and symmedians, respectively.
    It is well-known (see [1].8.20) that

    wa + wb + wc ≤ ma + mb + mc (1)

    Our aim is to establish an inverse inequality to (1). We define


    1
    Ω= (|a − b| + |b − c| + |c − a|) = max(a, b, c) − min(a, b, c).
    2
    Theorem. In every triangle

    sa + sb + sc ≤ ma + mb + mc ≤ sa + sb + sc + 2Ω. (2)

    ma + mb + mc ≤ wa + wb + wc + Ω. (3)
    Equalities holds if and only if the triangle is equilateral.
    ma b2 + c2
    Proof. Taking into account that = one finds that ma ≥ sa , with
    sa 2bc
    equality if and only if b = c. Therefore

    sa + sb + sc ≤ ma + mb + mc (4)

    with equality for a = b = c.


    Let ma = AA1 , wa = AA2 , sa = AA3 . According to the theorem of Steiner
    BA3 c2 ac2
    = 2 ; hence, BA3 = 2 .
    A3 C b b + c2
    In the same manner
    ab2
    A3 C = .
    b2
    + c2
    Therefore, in the triangle AA1 A3 we find that
    a|b2 − c2 |
    0 ≤ ma − sa ≤ |A1 A3 | = .
    2(b2 + c2 )

    Since a(b + c) < (b + c)2 ≤ 2(b2 + c2 ), we obtain

    a|b2 − c2 |
    ≤ |b − c|,
    2(b2 + c2 )

    1
    with equality if and only if b = c. This implies

    ma − sa ≤ |b − c|

    hence
    ma + mb + mc − (sa + sb + sc ) ≤ |a − b| + |b − c| + |c − a|. (5)

    From (4) and (5), we conclude (2). Observe that the equality occurs if and only if the
    triangle is equilateral.
    In order to prove (3), let us consider the triangle AA1 A2 . We have

    a|b − c|
    A1 A2 =
    2(b + c)

    which together with a < b + c implies

    |b − c|
    ma − wa ≤ |A1 A2 | ≤
    2
    with equality only when b = c. In conclusion,
    1
    ma + mb + mc − (wa + wb + wc ) ≤ (|a − b| + |b − c| + |c − a|)
    2
    and the theorem is proved.
    Using same technique one can prove that the following inequality:

    ga + gb + gc + Ω ≥ na + nb + nb

    where ga , gb , gc and na , nb , nc denote the Gergonne cevians and the Nagel cevians
    respectively.

    References
    [1] BOTTEMA O., DJORDJEVIC R. Z., JANICR R., MITRINOVIC D. S.,
    VASIC P. M.: Geometric Inequalities, Wolters - Noordhoff Publishing House,
    Groningen, 1969

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