SECTION CONTENTS

Engine Selection

Contents / Notes Page

Purpose ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2

Engine Selection and Support Systems .............................................................................................................................................................................. 3

Derating Factors .................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 9

Engine Identification Plate ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 10

Application Examples ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 11

History of Changes ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 29

Engine Application Guidelines AG-16 February 2015

 ENGINE SELECTION

PURPOSE INDUSTRIAL INTERMITTENT

The Industrial Intermittent ratings are the most aggressive ratings for a giv-
The following guideline is provided to help determine power requirements en engine model, having higher rated power and/or high Power Bulge
for typical industrial engine applications. Information about generator set available. Since these curves are so aggressive there are constraints to
applications is contained in Generator-drive Engines (AG21). their use in terms of average annual usage (AAU) and load factor. These
ratings are generally applicable for applications running an average load
Other, supplementary Application Guidelines are available that contain de- factor below 70% but requiring occasional excursions to full power.
tailed inforamtion of the various subsystems that make up a complete
engne system. All aspects of the system must be considered in order to INDUSTRIAL HEAVY DUTY
properly select an engine. The Industrial Heavy Duty ratings are between Continuous and Intermit-
tent. The development of these ratings was targeted at specific types of
This guideline does not allow for engine-driven accessories which are not
applications that are similar to John Deere equipment. Heavy Duty ratings
included in the Engine Performance Curves. Also when operating at an al-
are required for these types of applications. A subset of these are Ag Trac-
titude or temperature different from that shown on the Performance Curve,
tors, Excavators, Crawlers, Scrapers, Forage Harvesters, and Graders.
make the corrections specified in “Derating Factors.” If jet fuel is used, re-
Please consult with Application Engineering for additional details. Heavy
fer to Application Guidelines, “Fuels, Diesel and Alternative (CI) (AG18).”
Duty ratings are also applicable for applications that operate with a load
factor above 70% and/ or AAU of more than 850 hours. Compared to In-
Application Ratings \ Definitions dustrial Continuous, Heavy Duty ratings are more suitable when there are
larger load fluctuations. Heavy Duty ratings may also be used in Intermit-
For a given industrial engine model, there are various power curves (rat- tent rated applications.
ings) developed and released. Each rating is characterized as Continuous,
Intermittent, Heavy-Duty, or Restricted, as defined below. An application INDUSTRIAL RESTRICTED
needs to be properly matched with a rating, based on the demand the ap- The Industrial Restricted ratings are for applications that require momen-
plication places on the engine, in order to meet durability expectations. tary power greater than the Industrial Intermittent Curve. The portion of the
This includes considering both operating power levels and operating restricted curve that is above the intermittent curve is only intended for dy-
hours. namic conditions and any steady-state operation must occur below the in-
termittent curve. The application should operate above the intermittent
INDUSTRIAL CONTINUOUS
curve less than ten percent of the time.
The Industrial Continuous ratings may be operated at any speed and load
without regard to the number of hours. In general, Continuous ratings are
applicable for applications that require a large number of operating hours
per year, but do not require, or experience, a large variance in load. A tra-
ditional example is an irrigation pump. Additionally, these ratings conform
to ISO 3046 Continuous Power.

Engine Application Guidelines AG-16 - 2 February 2015

 ENGINE SELECTION

ENGINE SELECTION AND SUPPORT SYSTEMS 3. What is the Average Annual Usage (AAU) in hours? The AAU is sim-
ply the expected number of hours of use per year and should be com-
Engine Selection piled from actual field history whenever possible. For new applications,
an analysis should be performed and documented to establish a his-
The process to properly select an engine results with a choice that maxi- torical reference point.
mizes engine performance, reliability, and durability. An “Application Flow-
chart” is provided on a following page to show the steps in that process. To 4. What is the Application Load Factor (LFAPP)? As with AAU, field
begin the process, several pieces of information from the application are data should be used in the analysis whenever possible. With field data
needed: available, the LFAPP may be calculated using a variety of methods.
The data may be coarsely grouped as shown in the table below, or, al-
1. What is the maximum power (PMAX) that the application will demand ternatively averaged across time as shown in the equation below. Re-
from the engine? This includes fan power, front drive power, auxiliary sults of this analysis should be recorded in the Power Tab of the
drive power, and flywheel power. All applicable systems that may op- AppRev.
erate concurrently should be considered when establishing PMAX. To
assist in the bookkeeping of the various power needs, the Power Tab With the answers to 1-4 above known, the process is fairly straightforward
in AppRev Depot provides a convenient place to enter data. to specify the correct engine and rating. When the application meets the
definition and criteria for Continuous or Heavy-Duty, a curve with that clas-
2. What is the maximum engine speed required? If this speed is signif- sification that provides PMAX across all speeds may be directly chosen.
icantly different than the speed at which PMAX is needed, this should When an application falls outside those definitions, LFAPP and AAU must
be documented. be plotted on the following ratings chart to determine whether the applica-
tion is Heavy-Duty or Intermittent.

Engine Application Guidelines AG-16 - 3 February 2015

 ENGINE SELECTION

Application Load Factor Two Methods to Determine the Application Load Factor

Load Factor Calculations

2500
% Time @ PMAX 5 x 1.00 = 5.0

% Time @ 75% PMAX 15 x 0.75 = 11.3

% Time @ 50% PMAX 44 x 0.50 = 22.0

2000 % Time @ 25% PMAX 12 x 0.25 = 3.0

Average Annual Useage (AAU) (Hours)

% Time @ IDLE 25 x 0.01 = 0.3

Heavy-Duty
Rating LF APP = 100% Time Sum 41.5

1500
T
LFAPP =
1
T Σ t=0
Pt
PMAX

1000 Where: T = Total Time and Pt = Power at Time (t).

Intermittent
.
Rating
.
.
.
500

0
30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Application Load Factor (LFApp)

Engine Application Guidelines AG-16 - 4 February 2015

 ENGINE SELECTION
Application Flowchart
Does application
meet criteria for
Continuous?

Yes No

Choose a rating Limit torque to Is application

labeled as Continuous limit defined as
Continuous that shown in Heavy-duty?
provides PMAX. Durability Curves.

Yes No

Choose rating Limit torque to Determine

labeled as Heavy-duty limit Application Load
Heavy-duty or shown in Factor (LFAPP)
Continuous that Durability Curves. and AAU.
provides PMAX.

Use OEM chart

to determine
type of rating.

Heavy-duty Intermittent

Select a rating that Select a rating

provides PMAX Limit torque to that provides
and is either Heavy-duty limit PMAX.
Heavy-duty or shown in All Application
Continuous. Durability Curves. Ratings allowed.

Application Flowchart

Engine Application Guidelines AG-16 - 5 February 2015

 ENGINE SELECTION

Downsizing the Engine in Applications Powered Components

When looking at power ratings across platforms, it is important to make • When belt driving components from the front or the rear of the engine
sure that the engine can handle Cold Starting, Low Speed Torque, Turbo without using a PTO (Rockford, Twin Disc, or equivalent), reference
Lag, and Inertia Affects. The following characteristics should be consid- Engine Application Guidelines, Transmission of Power section and
ered when contemplating the replacement of an engine in a currently run-
ning application, with a smaller displacement engine. contact your Application Integration Engineer or Sales Engineer.

COLD STARTING • For gen sets, fan drives, blower drives, or similar equipment driven
A larger displacement engine may be required when high parasitic from the back of the engine or add on pulleys from the front of the en-
loads are present during starting conditions. gine, submit component and driveline mass elastic data and engine
configuration to Application Integration Engineering or Sales Engineer-
LOW SPEED TORQUE ing for a torsional analysis.
A smaller displacement engine does not supply as much low speed
(<1400 rpm) torque as the higher displacement engine. • When using a torque converter, clutch drive, or flexible coupling, con-
sult supplier.
TURBO LAG
The smaller displacement engine may require higher boost pressure to • A tail support must be used for components weighing over 20 lbs (9.1
achieve the same power level, which may result in perceived sluggish kg) if mounted on the engine auxiliary drive or, 11 lbs (5.0 kg) if mount-
performance. ed on the offset auxiliary drive. A tail support is required for all air com-
INERTIA EFFECTS pressor drives.
The smaller displacement engine will have reduced rotating inertia, • Air compressor intake supply lines connected to the engines intake
which results in less capability to absorb sudden loads. Increased iner-
tia flywheels can help in this situation. manifold should be metal where possible and supported to prevent
rubbing against other objects.
For approval to replace a currently running, larger displacement engine in
an application with a smaller displacement engine, please contact Appli- • For other situations, see Engine Application Guidelines, Transmission
cation Integration Engineering or Sales Engineering. of Power section.

Engine Service and Maintenance

• Assure daily and periodic service can be easily completed as well as
repairs.
(Application Review Depot, Service Checklist tab)

Engine Application Guidelines AG-16 - 6 May 2012

 ENGINE SELECTION

Mounting of Engine Air System

• Consider vibration isolation mounts for all 3-cylinder and unbalanced • Use John Deere recommended accessories. See the specific engine
4-cylinder engines; Consult mount supplier. Always mount the radiator option code drawing(s) or Engine Accessories, Accessory List section.
separately when isolation mounting the engine. For additional infor-
• Locate air intake outside of enclosure and a minimum of 2 feet (0.6 m)
mation see Engine Application Guidelines, Mounting of Engine
from exhaust outlet.
(AG-27).
• All tubing cross sectional area equal to or greater than engine intake
• Design engine mounts adequate to support the engine, attached com-
area. See Engine Installation Drawings.
ponents, and account for dynamic loads.
• No more than two 90o sweep elbows.
• Static bending moment at the flywheel housing induced by compo-
nents mounted off the flywheel housing must not exceed the value
• Less than 10 feet (3.0 m) of straight constant-diameter tubing.
shown on the Engine Performance Curve under Physical Data.
• When not using John Deere accessories:
Engine Enclosure 1) Air cleaners must be equipped with an inlet screen to prevent ro-
dents from damaging the filter element
• Engine enclosure design and positioning is critical to the success of
2) Aftermarket filter published clean restriction less than 12 inches
the cooling system, read Engine Application Guidelines, Cooling Sys-
H2O (3.0 kPa) at engine air flow rate as shown on the Engine Per-
tem (AG-09).
formance Curve.
• Engine enclosure design can impact noise levels from the power unit. 3) Pre-cleaner published restriction less than 5 inches H2O (1.25
NOTE: One-meter airborne noise levels reported on the Engine Per- kPa) at engine air flow rate as shown on the Engine Performance
formance Curve is for the bare engine only with no exhaust system, air Curve.
intake system, or cooling fan noise present.
• If not following the above design recommendations, reference Engine
1) The three major engine related sources are the fan, engine, and
Application Guidelines, Air Intake System (AG-03).
muffler.
2) If the fan tip speed is over 16,000 FPM (4880 m/min.), it's probably
noisier than the engine.
3) When designing a low noise engine enclosure, use a blower fan to
help minimize engine compartment temperatures.

Engine Application Guidelines AG-16 - 7 May 2012

 ENGINE SELECTION

Exhaust System Fuel System

• Use recommended John Deere accessories. See the specific engine Refer to Engine Application Guidelines, Fuel System (AG-19).
option code drawing(s) or Engine Accessories, Accessory List section.
• If not using John Deere accessories: Lubrication System
1) Aftermarket muffler published restriction less than 30 inches H 2 O
(7.5 kPa) at engine exhaust flow rate as shown on the Engine Per- Refer to Engine Application Guidelines, Lubrication System (AG-23).
formance Curve.
Electrical System
2) Maximum of one 90o sweep elbow.
3) Less than 4 feet (1.2 m) of straight tube with diameter at least as • Machine must have an hour meter.
large as the engine outlet.
• Determine battery, cable lengths, and sizes per Engine Application
• If not following the above design recommendations, or the application Guidelines, Electrical Systems (AG-10).
is a Tier-4 application, refer to Engine Application Guidelines, Exhaust
System (AG-17). • Low-rpm, high-power components such as hydraulics, air compres-
sors, or blowers may require the use of larger electrical components,
or mechanical disconnects to meet cranking rpm requirements shown
Cooling System in Engine Application Guidelines, Electrical System (AG-10), Figure,
“Required Cranking Speed vs. Ambient Temperature.”
Use recommended John Deere accessories. See the specific engine
option code drawing(s) or Engine Accessories, Accessory List section.

• Fan - Refer to Engine Application Guidelines, Cooling System (AG-

09), “Custom Fan Applications.”

• Radiator - Refer to Engine Application Guidelines, Cooling System

(AG-09), “Custom Radiator Applications.”

• Charge Air Cooler - Refer to Engine Application Guidelines, Charge

Air Cooling (AG-07).

• Monitoring System
1) Locate the coolant sensors in the thermostat housing on 4045
and 6068 engine models.
2) The recommended high coolant temperature shutdown limits for
non-critical 2.9L, 4.5L and 6.8L engines is between 230oF
(110oC) and 239oF (115oC). For non-critical 10.5L and 12.5L
engines, it is recommended to use 220oF (104oC) to 229oF
(109oC) temperature limits. And on 2.4L and 3.0L, integral bore
engines, it is recommended to use 212oF (100oC) to 221oF
(105oC) temperature limits.

Engine Application Guidelines AG-16 - 8 May 2012

 ENGINE SELECTION
DERATING FACTORS
Note: Natural power derates (due to altitude) occur WITHIN the stated turbo capability. In electronic engines, the ECU may compensate for these. For
example, to protect the engine, electronic engines with turbocharger speed sensors automatically reduce fuel when needed. Additionally,
mechanical derates (due to altitude) occur ABOVE the stated turbo capability. On electronic engines, these can be imposed by the ECU, or they
need to be factored into the application of the engine, i.e. sizing the engine properly to provide the needed power at the desired altitude.

Performance data shown on John Deere Engine Performance Curves applies at ambient conditions specified in the Standard Conditions listed on page
one of each Performance Curve. Standard conditions that apply are:
• 29.31 inches of Mercury (99 kPa) dry air pressure
• 0 % relative humidity
• 77 °F (25 °C) air intake temperature
• 104 °F (40 °C) fuel inlet temperature
• Altitude Capability - See Engine Performance Curve \ Performance Data
The following table can be used to estimate engine power as environmental factors vary from these standard SAE values.

PERCENT OF POWER DECREASE

Due to Changes in Atmospheric Conditions

Fuel Temp. Rise Air Temp. Rise Altitude Rise Relative Altitude Rise
of 1.8 °F (1 °C) of 10 °F (5.5 °C) of 1000 ft (300 m) Humidity of 1000 ft (300 m)
Engine Models
above stated turbo Rise within stated turbo
altitude capability of 10 % altitude capability
Mechanical - 2.4L, and 3.0 L 0.15 0.50 4.00 0.07 0.5
2.9L, 4.5L, 6.8L 0.17 1.50 N/A 0.10 3.0
Aspiration: D
Mechanical - 2.9L, 4.5L, 6.8L 0.19 0.50 4.00 0.07 0.5
Aspiration: T, A, H
Electronic - 2.4L, 3.0L, 4.5L, 6.8L (Tier 2 / Tier 3) None (ECU 0.50 4.00 0.07 0.5
Aspiration: T, A, H compensated)
Mechanical - 8.1L 0.29 0.50 4.00 0.07 0.5
Aspiration: T, A, H
Electronic - 8.1L / 9.0L (Tier 2 / Tier 3) None (ECU 0.50 4.00 0.07 0.5
Aspiration: T, A, H compensated)
Electronic - 10.5L / 12.5L None (ECU 0.50 5.00 0.07 0.5
Aspiration: A, H compensated)
Electronic - 4.5L, 6.8L, 9.0L, 13.5L None (ECU None (ECU 5.00 0.07 None (ECU
(w/VGT and Inlet Air Temperature Sensor) compensated) compensated) compensated)

Engine Application Guidelines AG-16 - 9 May 2012

 ENGINE SELECTION
ENGINE IDENTIFICATION PLATE
The following diagram identifies the letters and numbers used on a John Deere engine identification plate.

Engine Identification Plate

Engine Serial Number

Factory manufactured by
RG Waterloo, Iowa, USA
CD Saran, France
PE Torreón, Mexico
PY Pune, India
*RG 6135 L 123456* Number of cylinders and total displacement
6135 6 cylinders, 13.5 liters 4045 4 cylinders, 4.5 liters
6125 6 cylinders, 12.5 liters 4039 4 cylinders, 3.9 liters
JOHN DEERE 6090 6 cylinders, 9.0 liters 5030 5 cylinders, 3.0 liters
Engine Serial Number 6081 6 cylinders, 8.1 liters 3029 3 cylinders, 2.9 liters
*RG6135L123456* 6068 6 cylinders, 6.8 liters 4024 4 cylinders, 2.4 liters
Emissions certification
RG6135HFC95 A, B, D, H, T Non-emissions regulated
C, D, E, F, H, T Tier 1/Stage I
DEERE & COMPANY MOLINE, ILLINOIS MADE IN USA D, G, H, J, K, T Tier 2/Stage II
L, M, N, P Tier 3/Stage III A
R, U, V, W, X, Y, Z IT4/Stage III B and Final Tier 4/Stage IV
RG 6 135 H F C95 Engine serial number

Engine Model Number

Emissions certification
120, 160, 220, 425 Non-emissions regulated
001, 150, 180, 250 Tier 1/Stage I
270, 275, 070, 475 Tier 2/Stage II
280, 285, 485, 85 Tier 3/Stage III A
281, 295, 92, 93, 94, 95 Interim Tier 4/Stage III B
06, 07, 08, 09 Final Tier 4/Stage IV
Interim Tier 4/Stage III B designations
92=PWX Example: 4045HFC92
93=PVX Example: 4045HFC93
For specific questions, 94=PVX Example: 6090HFC94
95=PSX Example: 6090HFC95
see the Engine Operation C=Industrial Example: 6090HFC94
and Maintenance Manual. G=Gen-set Example: 6090HFG94
User type
F OEM (John Deere Power Systems)
‘XX’ John Deere equipment manufacturing locations
Air intake system
D Naturally aspirated
T Turbocharged
A Turbocharged and aftercooled, air-to-water
H Turbocharged and aftercooled, air-to-air

Engine Application Guidelines AG-16 - 10 July 2012

 ENGINE SELECTION

APPLICATION EXAMPLES Fans and Blowers

For the following applications, electronic calculators are available in The approximate power requirements to drive a fan or blower may be de-
Application Review Depot \ System Info \ Driven Components. termined by the formula:
AirCompressors AxR
HP =
6346 x F.E.
For both reciprocating and rotary compressors, the approximate engine
horsepower requirement for 100 psi operation may be calculated as fol- Where:
lows: A = Air flow in cubic feet per minute
3 R = Restriction of air pressure in inches of H2O
ft / min
HP = F.E. = Fan Efficiency
4
For 80 psi operation, decrease HP 10%. Hydraulic Pumps
For 125 psi operation, increase HP 10%.
When selecting an engine to drive a hydraulic pump, the following formula
For 150 psi operation, increase HP 20%.
may be used to determine the power required.
Arc Welders GPM x psi
HP =
1714 x P.E.
The approximate horsepower required to operate an arc welder may be
determined by the formula:
Where:
Rated amps x 12 GPM = Pump flow in gallons per minute
HP =
100 psi = Pressure in pounds per square inch
P.E. = Overall efficiency of hydraulic pump
Generator Sets
The volumetric efficiency (V.E.) of a pump is equal to the actual flow divid-
(See “Generator-drive Engines” Section, AG21.) ed by the theoretical flow. It is expressed as a ratio:
Actual Flow
V.E. =
Theoretical Flow

Actual Flow
When the pump displacement (in.3/rev.) and speed (rpm) are known, the
flow in gallons per minute may be determined as follows:
Speed x V.E. x Pump Displacement
GPM =
231

Engine Application Guidelines AG-16 - 11 February 2015

 ENGINE SELECTION

Irrigation Pumps Where:

The following formulas and curve may be used to determine the "approxi- gpm = Flow in gallons per minute at pump outlet.
mate" horsepower requirements for irrigation engines: H1 = Vertical distance in feet the water travels from water table to pump
outlet.
H2 = Vertical distance in feet from pump outlet to the highest point water
Open Ditch System: travels.

H 1 x gpm kW = Output of the generator in kilowatts.

HP =
3000 1.10 = Pipe resistance factor or use 10% of H1 + H2.
P1 = Pressure at sprinkler head (usually approximately 45 psi.)
Gated Pipe System:
2.3 = Conversion from psi to feet.
(H1 + H 2 ) x 1.1 x gpm 3000 =Derived from water HP constant of 3960 x pump efficiency (usually
HP =
3000 about 75%).
.746 = Constant to convert from kilowatt to horsepower.
Sprinkler System:
1714 =Constant used when converting from hydraulic pressure and flow
[ [ (H1 + H 2 ) x 1.1] + (P1 x 2.3) ] x gpm to horsepower.
HP =
3000
An estimate of the pump horsepower required for an irrigation application
may be determined on the curves in the following graph.
Center Pivot System with Generator:

[ [ (H1 + H 2 ) x 1.1] + (P1 x 2.3) ] x gpm

HP =
3000

+ kW
0.746 x generator efficiency

Center Pivot System with Hydraulic System:

[ [ (H1 + H 2 ) x 1.1] + (P1 x 2.3) ] x gpm

HP =
3000

+ gpm x psi
1714 x P.E.

Pump HP Requirements

Engine Application Guidelines AG-16 - 12 August 2011

 ENGINE SELECTION

Determining the horsepower needed for a specific irrigation application will Irrigration Engine Application
require a detailed analysis. The following information and forms provide a
process to make this detailed analysis. This section provides the information and detailed instructions required to
calculate the power requirements for an irrigation application.

The following four pages are:

• Exhibit I - System Specifications

• Exhibit II - Power Calculation Worksheet

These sheets can aid in matching power units to irrigation systems.

In addition to bringing together power unit matching information in
concise form, these sheets can be part of a permanent record of
each irrigation application. These two forms may be self-explanato-
ry to those familiar with irrigation systems, but for additional help . . .

• Exhibit III - System Specifications form (EXAMPLE)

• Exhibit IV - Power Calculation (EXAMPLE)

The next topic heading is Power Requirement Calculation. This section

provides line-by-line details of the above worksheets.

Friction loss tables for various valves, fittings, and types and sizes of pipe
are used in the calculations and may be found following the discussion
(Exhibits V-IX).

The best sources of data for a given application include the system oper-
ator, system designer/supplier, pump supplier, and well driller (where a
well is the water source). The system designer/supplier or pump supplier
may provide only a power figure. While this may seem a convenience to
the engine supplier, it is advisable to verify the power requirement from ba-
sic system data. This will insure consideration of all possible power con-
suming accessories, system components, and temperature and altitude
characteristics that influence total system power requirements.

Engine Application Guidelines AG-16 - 13 August 2011

 ENGINE SELECTION
Exhibit I: Irrigation System Specifications
Date _____________________________

Customer _________________________________________________________________ Unit No. __________________________

==============================================================================================

1. Pressure required at Lateral Lines or Pivot Point __________ psi 7. Column Pipe:
2. Total Flow required at Lateral Lines or Pivot Point _________gpm Length ______ ft Gage ______ Diameter ______ in.
3. Main Line: Type (Steel, PVC, Aluminum, Concrete) 8. Pump and Gearhead Efficiency ________ %
Length ______ ft Gage ______ Diameter ______ in. 9. Maximum Air Temperature during Season * ________ °F
4. Supply Line: Type (Steel, PVC, Aluminum, Concrete) 10. Maximum Elevation above Sea Level * _________ ft
Length ______ ft Gage ______ Diameter ______ in. 11. Power Requirements of Major Accessories
(e.g., Alternator gen. power for center pivot drive motors) ______ HP
5. Elev. Diff. between Gearhead and Lateral Lines or Pivot ________ ft
12. Power Requirements of other Misc. Accessories ________ HP
6. Max. Depth from Gearhead and Lateral Lines or Pivot Point _____ ft
13. Power Unit equipped with Fan and Radiator for Cooling? Yes / No

14. Valves and Fittings:

Type Size Equiv. Ft Pipe X Loss Factor ÷ 100 = Ft. Head Loss
______________ _____ _______________ X ____________ ÷ 100 = _________________
______________ _____ _______________ X ____________ ÷ 100 = _________________
______________ _____ _______________ X ____________ ÷ 100 = _________________
______________ _____ _______________ X ____________ ÷ 100 = _________________
______________ _____ _______________ X ____________ ÷ 100 = _________________
______________ _____ _______________ X ____________ ÷ 100 = _________________
______________ _____ _______________ X ____________ ÷ 100 = _________________
______________ _____ _______________ X ____________ ÷ 100 = _________________

______________ _____ _______________ X ____________ ÷ 100 = _________________

Fitting Head Loss Total = _________________

* For altitude and ambient temperature correction information, see “Engine Performance Curves” material (Introduction Section).

Engine Application Guidelines AG-16 - 14 August 2011

 ENGINE SELECTION
Exhibit II: Irrigation Power Calculation Worksheet
Date _____________________________

Customer _________________________________________________________________ Unit No. __________________________

==============================================================================================

1. Dynamic Head 4. Total power required to pump water

(A) (B) = ( )( ) = (D) _______hp
a) Pressure required at laterial or pivot ______ psi x 2.31 = _____ ft
(C) (3960) ( ) (3960)
b) Friction head loss in main line
5. Other Power Consuming Considerations
__________ ft x __________ (ft per 100 loss) = ___________ ft
100 a) Auxiliary alternator or hydraulic pump (E)__________hp
c) Friction head loss in supply line b) Miscellaneous power accessories (F)__________hp
__________ ft x __________ (ft per 100 loss) = ___________ ft c) Altitude and temperature correction *
100
Altitude: ( ) ft elev’n - 600 ft x _______* = (G) ________
d) Friction head loss in column pipe 1000 100
__________ ft x __________ (ft per 100 loss) = ___________ ft
100 Temp: ( ) deg F - 77 deg F x ______* = (H) ________
10 100
e) Elevation difference between pump or gear head
and lateral or pivot point = _____________________________ ft Total Correction: (D + E + F) (G + H)
1 - (G + H)
f) Elevation difference between water source
and pump or gear head = _____________________________ ft (____+____+____) (_____+_____) = (J) _______hp
1-( )+( )
g) Misc. friction head loss in special valves and fittings = _______ ft
d) Total other power considerations (E + F + J)
h) Total dynamic head (sum 1-a through 1-g) (A) =_________ ft (_____ + _____ + _____) = (K) _______hp

2. Total Flow Requirement (B) =_______gpm 6. Total Engine Power Requirement: ** (D + K)

3. Pump and Gear Head Efficiency ________ % (C) = ________ ft (_____ + _____) = _______ hp**
100

* For altitude and ambient temperature correction information, see “Engine Performance Curves” material (Introduction Section).

** Heat exchanger cooled. Add fan power for radiator and fan cooled applications.
For John Deere cooling fan power curves, see “Engine Accessories” material (Engine Fan Performance Curves Section).

Engine Application Guidelines AG-16 - 15 August 2011

 ENGINE SELECTION
Exhibit III: Irrigation System Specifications -- Example
Date ____15 July 1999_______________

Customer _____________Juniper Forest Farms___________________________________ Unit No. ________7_________________

==============================================================================================

1. Pressure required at Lateral Lines or Pivot Point ____45___ psi 7. Column Pipe:
2. Total Flow required at Lateral Lines or Pivot Point ___800__ gpm Length __118_ ft Gage __12__ Diameter __12__ in.
3. Main Line: Type (Steel, PVC, Aluminum, Concrete) 8. Pump and Gearhead Efficiency ___78__ %
Length _N/A_ ft Gage __- - -__ Diameter __- - -_ in. 9. Maximum Air Temperature during Season * __130__ °F
4. Supply Line: Type (Steel, PVC, Aluminum, Concrete) 10. Maximum Elevation above Sea Level * __360__ ft
Length _1360_ ft Gage __12__ Diameter __10__ in. 11. Power Requirements of Major Accessories
(e.g., Alternator gen. power for center pivot drive motors)___16__ HP
5. Elev. Diff. between Gearhead and Lateral Lines or Pivot ___14___ ft
12. Power Requirements of other Misc. Accessories __- - -__ HP
6. Max. Depth from Gearhead and Lateral Lines or Pivot Point _118___ ft
13. Power Unit equipped with Fan and Radiator for Cooling? Yes / No

14. Valves and Fittings:

Type Size Equiv. Ft Pipe X Loss Factor ÷ 100 = Ft. Head Loss
(3) - Long-sweep _____ _______________ X ____________ ÷ 100 = ________________
____Elbows____ _10”_ ___(3) x 17_____ X ___0.712____ ÷ 100 = ______0.36______
(1) - Gate Valve_ _12”_ _______7_______ X ___0.286____ ÷ 100 = ______0.02______
(3) - 45o Elbows_ _10”_ ___(3) x 12.5____ X ___0.712____ ÷ 100 = _______0.27______
(1) - Check Valve _10”_ ______45_______ X ___0.712____ ÷ 100 = ______0.32______
(1) - Butterfly Valve _____ _______________ X ____________ ÷ 100 = ________________
__(use gate value) __6”_ _____3.5_______ X ___9.38_____ ÷ 100 = _______0.33______
(1) - Elec. Shutoff _____ _______________ X ____________ ÷ 100 = ________________

____Valve__ __6”_ ______5.0______ X ___9.38_____ ÷ 100 = _______4.69______

Fitting Head Loss Total = _______5.99_______

* For altitude and ambient temperature correction information, see “Engine Performance Curves” material (Introduction Section).

Engine Application Guidelines AG-16 - 16 August 2011

 ENGINE SELECTION
Exhibit IV: Irrigation Power Calculation Worksheet -- Example
Date ____15 July 1999_______________

Customer _____________Juniper Forest Farms___________________________________ Unit No. ________7_________________

==============================================================================================

1. Dynamic Head 4. Total power required to pump water

(A) (B) = ( 248 ) ( 800 ) = (D) __64.4_ hp
a) Pressure required at laterial or pivot __45__ psi x 2.31 =__104_ft
(C) (3960) ( 0.78 ) (3960)
b) Friction head loss in main line
5. Other Power Consuming Considerations
_________ ft x __________ (ft per 100 loss) = _____ - - - -___ ft
100 a) Auxiliary alternator or hydraulic pump (E) ___16____ hp
c) Friction head loss in supply line b) Miscellaneous power accessories (F) ____0____ hp
___1360__ ft x __0.464___ (ft per 100 loss) = ______6.3____ ft c) Altitude and temperature correction *
100
Altitude: ( 360 ) ft elev’n - 600 ft x __ - - - __* = (G) ____0____
d) Friction head loss in column pipe 1000 100
___118____ ft x ___0.187__ (ft per 100 loss) = ______0.2____ ft
100 Temp: ( 130 ) deg F - 77 deg F x __0.5__* = (H) ___0.03___
10 100
e) Elevation difference between pump or gear head
and lateral or pivot point = _______14____ft Total Correction: (D + E + F) (G + H)
1 - (G + H)
f) Elevation difference between water source
and pump or gear head = ______118____ ft (64.4 +_16_+__0__) (__0__+_0.03_) = (J) ___3___ hp
1 - (___0__) + (__0.03_)
g) Misc. friction head loss in special valves and fittings = ___6___ ft
d) Total other power considerations (E + F + J)
h) Total dynamic head (sum 1-a through 1-g) (A) = __248.5_ ft (_16__ + __0__ + __3__) = (K) __19__ hp

2. Total Flow Requirement (B) = __800_ gpm 6. Total Engine Power Requirement: ** (D + K)

3. Pump and Gear Head Efficiency ___78___ % (C) = __0.78___ ft (_64.4_ + __19_) = __83.4__ hp**
100

* For altitude and ambient temperature correction information, see “Engine Performance Curves” material (Introduction Section).

** Heat exchanger cooled. Add fan power for radiator and fan cooled applications.
For John Deere cooling fan power curves, see “Engine Accessories” material (Engine Fan Performance Curves Section).

NOTE: In this example 4 hp is added for the fan, resulting in a total engine power requirement of 83.4 + 4 = 87.4, or 88 hp.

Engine Application Guidelines AG-16 - 17 August 2011

 ENGINE SELECTION

Power Requirement Calculation All pipelines in the system have inherent frictional losses. Items 1.b - 1.d
are provided to calculate these losses. While provision is made for both a
When determining the power requirements for an irrigation system, all pos- main line and a supply line, center pivot systems usually have only a sup-
sible load varying factors must be considered. Variations in operating con- ply line. The supply line may consist of two or more pipe sizes. If so, both
ditions, such as water supply drawdown, can affect the total power line 1.b and 1.c may be used to accommodate frictional loss calculation for
necessary to operate the system. Power output of the engine will vary with two different sizes of pipe. Additional lines will be necessary where more
factors such as ambient air temperature and altitude. than two sizes are used. The column pipe (1.d) is the pipe from the water
source to the gear head. This is the same as the suction line for a centrif-
Power necessary to supply water to the system is a function of desired vol- ugal-type pump.
ume, pressure or head, distance water is lifted, and system frictional loss-
es. Volume or flow is generally expressed in gallons per minute (gpm). Friction loss in a pipe is directly proportional to the length of the pipe. To
Operating pressure is usually expressed in pounds per square inch (psi), determine the amount of loss, the loss factor for the pipe diameter is found
but is converted to equivalent feet of head to facilitate power requirement in a table of frictional loss values. These factors give losses per 100 foot
calculations. System frictional losses are also usually expressed as feet length of pipe for varying rates of flow. Therefore, to determine loss in a
of head, and lift distances are measured in feet. The System Specification given pipeline, the length of the pipeline is multiplied by the loss factor di-
sheet (Exhibit I) and the Power Calculation Worksheet (Exhibit II) summa- vided by 100. This is the method followed in lines 1.b - 1.d. Friction loss
rize these factors and serve as aids in matching power units to irrigation tables are provided following this discussion (Exhibits VI-IX).
systems.
Lift distance from the water source to the lateral lines or pivot point is de-
The System Specification sheet provides a place to gather all information termined on lines 1.e and 1.f. On line 1.e, the difference in height from the
necessary to determine system power requirements and match the proper gear head or pump (if centrifugal type) to the lateral lines, pivot point or dis-
engine to an irrigation system. After all the system information has been charge point when pumping into an open ditch is used. This value will be
gathered on the specification sheet, the power requirement can be deter- negligible on relatively level terrain (Figure AG-16 - 2). The distance from
mined using the Power Calculation Worksheet. the gearhead or pump to the water supply surface is placed on line 1.f. In
determining distance to the water supply, drawdown during operation and
On the Power Calculation Worksheet (Exhibit II), Item 1 includes operating seasonal fluctuations in water supply level must be considered. Maximum
pressure, lift distance, and frictional losses. All these elements are includ- distance to the water supply expected during the pumping season should
ed in the heading "Total Dynamic Head". be used.
Pressure required at the beginning of the lateral or at the pivot point (1.a, Valves and fittings introduce additional frictional losses into the system. A
Exhibit II) is considered the system operating pressure for calculation pur- table listing common valve and fitting sizes is provided for reference (Ex-
poses. This is usually expressed in psi and is converted to equivalent feet hibit V). Friction losses for specific fittings used in a given system may be
of water by multiplying by 2.31. In a sprinkler irrigation system, lateral or provided by the manufacturer or system designer.
pivot pressure is quite often the largest component of total dynamic head.
Where an open discharge is employed, such as pumping into an open The sum of line 1.a - 1.g is the Total Dynamic Head and should be listed
ditch, system operating pressure is considered zero. on line 1.h (Identified as A).

Engine Application Guidelines AG-16 - 18 August 2011

 ENGINE SELECTION

Figure AG-16 - 2, Center Pivot Installation

Engine Application Guidelines AG-16 - 19 August 2011

 ENGINE SELECTION

The amount of water flow required in a system can vary considerably (e.g., The performance data on John Deere Engine Performance Curves are
with varying number of lateral lines), therefore the maximum flow expected measured at ambient conditions as specified in standards listed on perfor-
at any time must be used. Flow in gallons per minute (B) is placed on line mance curve graph pages. A list of standard test conditions used to deter-
2. mine performance curve engine power and derating factors for operation
under other conditions can be found in the “Engine Performance Curves”
Pump efficiency indicates how effectively the pump and gearhead use in- material (Introduction Section). The continuous power required for irriga-
put power to pump water. Efficiencies for specific applications with total tion applications should be adjusted for altitude (operating elevation) and
head and capacity calculated as outlined above may be found in the pump temperature (maximum expected operating temperature) using the per-
curve of the particular pump to be used. Pump curves are provided by the cent of power decrease information included in this section.
pump manufacturer. Where gearhead efficiency is not included in the
pump efficiency curve, combined pump and gearhead efficiency should be Whenever altitude or maximum expected operating temperature exceed
calculated by multiplying the efficiency factors for each component togeth- standard condition values, this information is entered on line 5.c. to deter-
er. For example, given an application using a pump with 82% efficiency mine the appropriate correction factor (G) for altitude and (H) for tempera-
and a gearhead with 95% efficiency, combined pump and gearhead effi- ture. The total altitude and temperature correction (J) is the sum of altitude
ciency would be .82 x .95 = .78 or 78%. Pump efficiencies for deep well (G) and temperature (H) correction factors. This total correction (J) is add-
pumps and gearhead typically run from 72-80%, though efficiency values ed to (E) and (F) to give a total of “Other Power Consuming Consider-
may vary over a wider range for differing pumps and applications. Where ations” on line 5.d (K).
a specific pump and gearhead efficiency value is not available, an efficien-
cy of 75% is commonly assumed for deep well (turbine) pumps and 65% The total application engine power requirement for the system is (D) + (K)
for centrifugal pumps. Line 3 on the worksheet converts percent pump ef- on line 6. This power figure is used to match a proper power unit to the
ficiency into its decimal equivalent (C). application when the engine is heat exchanger cooled.

Total dynamic head (A), total flow requirement (B), and pump efficiency (C) For radiator and fan cooled power units, the fan power for the desired en-
are used on line 4 to determine the total power required to pump water (D) gine rpm is added to the power on line 6 before matching a power unit to
in the system. the application. Care should be taken that the engine continuous limit per-
formance curves are used when selecting an engine for irrigation applica-
In addition to pumping water, engine power may be used to drive auxiliary tions.
equipment, such as an alternator generating electricity for center pivot tow-
er drive motors. Some center pivots employ hydraulic motors on the tow- Note: Preliminary engine selection for radiator and fan cooled applica-
ers and an engine-driven auxiliary hydraulic pump to power the motors. tions can be made by subtracting 5% from the engine continuous
The system manufacturer or designer should provide the continuous pow- limit rating to match with the total engine power requirement on
er requirement figure for the auxiliary alternator or hydraulic pump. This is line 6. This can be adjusted to actual fan power when the engine
the power figure to be placed on line 5.a (E). In a case where this power selection is made to confirm a good continuous limit match has
figure is not available, a factor of 1.3 times the kW rating of the alternator been established.
might be used as a power requirement allowance. As an example, a 12
kW alternator may require approximately 16 continuous HP from the power
unit for center pivot applications.

Power required for other accessories that might be driven by the power
unit, but not included in the manufacturer's rating, should be placed on line
5.b (F).

Engine Application Guidelines AG-16 - 20 August 2011

 ENGINE SELECTION

Example Irrigation Application 1.g The total effect on head requirements of all valves and fittings is
found to be 5.99 ft. (Line 14, Exhibit III). Exhibit V gives equivalent
Data from an actual irrigation system is presented in Exhibit III, and an ex- feet of steel pipe for various fittings. These are equivalent feet of
ample worksheet, Exhibit IV, has been filled out using this information. In pipe figures used on Exhibit III. This figure is rounded to 6.0 ft. and
the following discussion of the worksheet items, reference is made to the entered on the worksheet.
line on the example specification sheet (Exhibit III) from which the data is
taken. 1.h The sum of 1.a through 1.g gives a total dynamic head of 248.5 ft
(A).
Exhibit IV -- Worksheet
2 The total system flow requirement of 800 gpm (Line 2, Exhibit III) is
Item entered here (B).
1.a. The 45 psi requirement at the pivot (Line 1, Exhibit III) is converted
to 104 ft of head (45 x 2.31 = 104 ft). 3 The combined pump and gearhead efficiency of 78% (Line 8, Exhibit
III) is converted to its decimal equivalent, (78 ÷100) = .78 (C).
1.b No main line is used in this example.
4 Total power required to pump water (D) is found by multiplying total
1.c Supply line diameter and gage (Line 4, Exhibit III) determine the col- dynamic head (A) by total flow requirements (B) and dividing by
umn in Exhibit VI to use in finding the appropriate frictional loss fac- pump efficiency (C) and the constant 3960. For the example, (248.5
tor. The row is established by total flow (Line 2, Exhibit III). The flow x 800) ÷ (.78 x 3960) = 64.4 hp is required to pump water in the sys-
rate in Exhibit VI closest to the prescribed 800 gpm is 800 gpm. tem.
Reading across the 800 gpm row to the 12 gage, 10" pipe column, a
loss factor of 0.464 ft per 100 foot length of pipe is found. Applying 5.a Average continuous power of 16 hp (Line 11, Exhibit III) is required
the loss factor to the 1360 foot supply line length (Line 4, Exhibit III), to run the auxiliary alternator (E).
the supply line head loss is found to be
5.b There are no other power consuming accessories in this example
1360 x (0.464÷100) = 6.3 ft. (F).

1.d The loss factor for the column pipe is found in the same way as the 5.c For altitude and ambient temperature correction information, see
factor for the supply line. In this case, we have a 12", 12 gage, steel “Engine Performance Curves” material (Introduction Section).
pipe, 118 ft. in length (Line 7, Exhibit III). Frictional head loss for the
Because of the low elevation (360 ft), no altitude correction is re-
column pipe is 118 x (0.187÷100) = 0.2 ft.
quired for either a naturally aspirated or a turbocharged engine in
1.e The 14-foot difference in height from gearhead to pivot is entered di- this application. The altitude correction factor (G) becomes zero for
rectly from the specification sheet (Line 5, Exhibit III). this example. A temperature correction needs to be made since op-
erating temperature exceeds 77°F. (25 °C).
1.f The 118 foot depth of the water source below the gearhead is also
entered directly from the specification sheet (Line 6, Exhibit III).

Engine Application Guidelines AG-16 - 21 August 2011

 ENGINE SELECTION

Naturally Aspirated Engine Calculation Fan power must be added when the engine is radiator cooled. The recom-
mended John Deere suction fan requires 2-4 hp in the 1760-2350 engine
The temperature correction factor (H) for a naturally apsirated en- rpm operating range (1950-2600 fan rpm using a 1.11:1 fan drive ratio).
gine would be [(130-77) ÷ 10] x (1.5 ÷ 100) = 0.0795 (use 0.08). Use 4 hp.

Using correction factors (G) and (H) in the total correction equation, This results in total engine power with Fan:
an additional =6.99 hp (use 7 hp) (J) must be allowed for a naturally
aspirated engine. 83.4 + 4 = 87.4 (use 88 hp)

This falls within the continuous limit (See Engine Performance Curves) for
Turbocharged Engine Calculation the 4045TF150 engine (115 hp Intermittent @ 2500 rpm) when operating
at 1936 (11:10 gearhead ratio) or higher engine rpm.
The temperature correction factor (H) for a turbocharged (also turbo-
charged and aftercooled) would be: Operating the engine at 1936 rpm will provide better fuel economy com-
pared to operating at 2112 rpm (6:5 gearhead ratio), 2200 rpm (5:4 gear-
[(130-77) ÷ 10] x (0.5 ÷ 100) = 0.0265 (use 0.03) using correction
head ratio) or 2347 rpm (4:3 gearhead ratio).
factors (G) and (H) in the total correction equation, an additional
[(64.4 + 16 + 0) x (0 + 0.03)] ÷ [1 - (0 + 0.03)] =2.49 hp (use 3 hp) (J)
must be allowed for a turbocharged engine.

5.d The sum of lines 5.a through 5.c (K) for a naturally aspirated engine
is 16 + 0 + 7 = 23 hp

The sum of lines 5.a through 5.c (K) for a turbocharged (also turbo-
charged and aftercooled) engine is 16 + 0 + 3 = 19 hp.

6 Total engine power required (without engine cooling fan) is:

Naturally aspirated engine

64.4 + 23 = 87.4 hp

87.4 hp exceeds the 76 hp continuous limit for the 4045DF150 (See

Performance Curves) making the 4045TF150 engine a good choice
for this application.

Turbocharged engine

64.4 + 19 = 83.4 hp

Note: Line 13, Exhibit III specifies this application will be equipped with
a fan and radiator for cooling.

Engine Application Guidelines AG-16 - 22 August 2011

 ENGINE SELECTION

Friction Loss In Fittings

Exhibit V

FRICTION LOSS IN TERMS OF EQUIVALENT LENGTH OF STEEL PIPE* OF SAME DIAMETER

I n s i d e P i p e D i a m e t e r i n I n c h e s
4 5 6 8 10 12
feet feet feet feet feet feet
45-Degree Elbow 5 6 7 10 12.5 15
Long-Sweep Elbow 7 9 11 14 17 20
Standard Elbow 11 13 16 20 25 32
Close Return Bend 24 30 36 50 61 72
Gate Valve (Open) 2 3 3.5 4.5 5.5 7
Gate Valve (Half Open) 65 81 100 130 160 195
Check Valve 100 110 30 40 45 35
Electric Shutoff Valve 50 60

* Friction Loss Factors for Steel Pipe are presented in Exhibit VI.

Engine Application Guidelines AG-16 - 23 August 2011

 ENGINE SELECTION
Exhibit VI
FRICTION LOSS IN FEET PER 100 FEET IN MAIN LINES OF WELDED STEEL PIPE (OUTSIDE DIAMETER) 15 YEARS OLD
Based on Scobey's Formula (K = .36)

FLOW: 4-Inch 5-Inch 6-Inch 7-Inch 8-Inch 10-Inch 12-Inch 14-Inch

Gal./Min. 16-Gage 14-Gage 12-Gage 14-Gage 12-Gage 14-Gage 12-Gage 14-Gage 12-Gage 14-Gage 12-Gage 14-Gage 12-Gage 12-Gage 10-Gage 12-Gage 10-Gage
200 3.04 3.17 3.44 1.04 1.10 .407 .429 .191 .200 .096 .100
250 4.79 5.01 5.43 1.59 1.69 .643 .678 .292 .306 .152 .159 .050 .052
300 6.74 7.04 7.63 2.25 2.39 .903 .953 .414 .432 .215 .223 .070 .072
350 8.99 9.41 10.2 3.01 3.23 1.21 1.27 .555 .579 .287 .297 .095 .097
400 11.5 12.1 13.1 3.88 4.12 1.55 1.63 .714 .746 .369 .381 .120 .124 .050 .051
450 14.4 15.3 16.3 4.85 5.16 1.94 2.04 .894 .934 .458 .476 .150 .155 .063 .064 .029 .030
500 17.6 18.6 19.9 5.93 6.30 2.36 2.49 1.09 1.14 .559 .580 .183 .189 .076 .078 .035 .036
600 8.38 8.91 3.39 3.57 1.54 1.61 .801 .834 .263 .271 .108 .111 .050 .051
700 11.2 11.9 4.51 4.76 2.07 2.16 1.07 1.11 .352 .361 .145 .149 .067 .069
800 14.5 15.4 5.79 6.10 2.67 2.79 1.37 1.42 .450 .464 .187 .191 .087 .089
900 7.28 7.68 3.34 3.48 1.73 1.79 .573 .584 .234 .239 .108 .111
1000 8.90 9.38 4.08 4.26 2.11 2.18 .694 .712 .285 .292 .132 .135
1200 12.5 13.2 5.76 6.02 3.04 3.07 .977 1.00 .403 .414 .187 .191
1400 7.73 8.07 3.98 4.14 1.30 1.35 .541 .554 .251 .256
1600 9.96 10.4 5.13 5.33 1.68 1.74 .697 .714 .323 .330
1800 6.43 6.66 2.12 2.17 .817 .894 .404 .413
2000 7.86 8.18 2.62 2.65 1.06 1.09 .494 .505

FLOW: 16-Inch 18-Inch 20-Inch 22-Inch 24-Inch 26-Inch 28-Inch 30-Inch

Gal./Min. 14-Gage 12-Gage 14-Gage 12-Gage 14-Gage 12-Gage 14-Gage 12-Gage 14-Gage 12-Gage 14-Gage 12-Gage 14-Gage 12-Gage 14-Gage 12-Gage
600 .026 .026
700 .035 .035 .019 .020
800 .045 .045 .025 .025
900 .056 .057 .031 .032 .018 .019
1000 .068 .069 .038 .039 .023 .023
1200 .096 .098 .054 .055 .032 .032 .020 .020
1400 .129 .132 .072 .073 .043 .043 .027 .027 .017 .018
1600 .166 .170 .093 .094 .055 .056 .034 .035 .022 .023 .015 .015
1800 .208 .212 .116 .118 .069 .070 .043 .044 .028 .028 .019 .019
2000 .254 .259 .142 .144 .084 .085 .052 .053 .034 .035 .023 .023 .016 .016
2500 .389 .396 .217 .220 .129 .131 .080 .081 .052 .053 .035 .036 .024 .025 .017 .018
3000 .550 .560 .306 .312 .182 .185 .113 .115 .074 .075 .050 .050 .034 .035 .025 .025
4000 .950 .967 .529 .538 .314 .319 .196 .199 .127 .129 .086 .087 .060 .060 .042 .043

Engine Application Guidelines AG-16 - 24 August 2011

 ENGINE SELECTION
Exhibit VII
FRICTION LOSS IN FEET PER 100 FEET IN PVC PLASTIC IRRIGATION PIPE

FLOW: 4-Inch 6-Inch 8-Inch

Gal./Min. SDR 41 SDR 32.5 50' Head SDR 81 SDR 51 SDR 41 SDR 32.5 50' Head SDR 81 SDR 51 SDR 41 SDR 32.5
100 PSI 125 PSI 22 PSI 50 PSI 80 PSI 100 PSI 25 PSI DAZOC 22 PSI 50 PSI 80 PSI 100 PSI 25 PSI DAZOC
200 2.30 2.45 .294 .297 .319 .335 .358 .358 .072 .074 .080 .084 .090 .084
250 3.48 3.70 .444 .448 .482 .506 .542 .542 .110 .112 .121 .127 .135 .127
300 4.88 5.19 .622 .629 .675 .710 .759 .759 .154 .158 .169 .178 .190 .178
350 6.49 6.91 .828 .836 .899 .944 1.01 1.01 .204 .210 .225 .237 .253 .237
400 8.31 8.84 1.06 1.07 1.15 1.21 1.29 1.29 .262 .268 .289 .303 .324 .303
450 10.3 11.0 1.32 1.33 1.43 1.50 1.61 1.61 .325 .334 .359 .377 .402 .377
500 12.6 13.4 1.60 1.62 1.74 1.83 1.96 1.96 .395 .406 .436 .459 .489 .459
600 2.25 2.27 2.44 2.56 2.74 2.74 .544 .569 .612 .643 .686 .643
700 2.99 3.02 3.24 3.41 3.65 3.65 .737 .757 .814 .855 .912 .855
800 3.83 3.87 4.15 4.37 4.67 4.67 .944 .969 1.04 1.10 1.17 1.10
900 4.76 4.81 5.17 5.43 5.81 5.81 1.17 1.20 1.30 1.36 1.45 1.36
1000 5.79 5.84 6.28 6.60 7.06 7.06 1.43 1.46 1.57 1.66 1.77 1.66
1200 8.11 8.19 8.80 9.25 9.89 9.89 2.00 2.05 2.21 2.32 2.47 2.32
1400 2.66 2.73 2.94 3.09 3.29 3.09
1600 3.41 3.50 3.76 3.95 4.22 3.95
1800 4.24 4.35 4.68 4.92 5.24 4.92
2000 5.15 5.29 5.69 5.98 6.37 5.98

FLOW: 10-Inch 12-Inch 15-Inch

Gal./Min. 50' Head SDR 81 SDR 51 SDR 41 SDR32.5 50' Head SDR 81 SDR 51 SDR 41 SDR32.5 50' Head SDR 81 SDR 51 SDR 41
22 PSI 50 PSI 80 PSI 100 PSI 125 PSI DAZOC 22 PSI 50 PSI 80 PSI 100 PSI 125 PSI DAZOC 22 PSI 50 PSI 80 PSI 100 PSI
250 .037 .038 .041 .043 .046 .042
300 .052 .053 .057 .060 .064 .058
350 .069 .071 .076 .080 .085 .078 .028 .029 .031 .033 .035 .031
400 .088 .091 .097 .102 .109 .099 .036 .037 .040 .042 .045 .040
450 .110 .113 .121 .127 .136 .124 .045 .046 .050 .052 .056 .050
500 .134 .137 .147 .155 .165 .150 .055 .056 .061 .064 .068 .061 .019 .019 .020 .022
600 .187 .192 .206 .217 .232 .211 .077 .079 .085 .089 .095 .085 .026 .027 .029 .030
700 .249 .255 .275 .289 .308 .280 .103 .105 .113 .119 .127 .113 .035 .036 .038 .040
800 .319 .327 .352 .370 .394 .359 .131 .135 .145 .152 .162 .145 .044 .045 .049 .051
900 .397 .407 .438 .460 .491 .446 .163 .167 .180 .189 .202 .180 .055 .057 .061 .064
1000 .482 .494 .532 .559 .596 .543 .199 .204 .219 .230 .246 .219 .067 .069 .074 .078
1200 .676 .693 .745 .784 .836 .760 .278 .285 .307 .322 .344 .307 .094 .096 .104 .109
1400 .899 .922 .992 1.04 1.11 1.01 .370 .380 .408 .429 .458 .408 .125 .128 .138 .145
1600 1.15 1.18 1.27 1.33 1.42 1.30 .474 .486 .523 .549 .587 .523 .160 .164 .177 .185
1800 1.43 1.47 1.58 1.66 1.77 1.61 .590 .605 .651 .683 .730 .651 .199 .204 .220 .231
2000 1.74 1.78 1.92 2.02 2.15 1.96 .717 .735 .791 .830 .887 .791 .242 .248 .267 .280
2500 2.63 2.70 2.90 3.05 3.25 2.96 1.08 1.11 1.20 1.26 1.34 1.20 .366 .375 .404 .424
3000 3.69 3.78 4.07 4.28 4.56 4.15 1.52 1.56 1.68 1.76 1.88 1.68 .513 .526 .566 .594
4000 6.28 6.44 6.93 7.29 7.77 7.07 2.59 2.65 2.85 3.00 3.20 2.85 .874 .896 .964 1.01

Engine Application Guidelines AG-16 - 25 August 2011

 ENGINE SELECTION
Exhibit VIII
FRICTION LOSS IN FEET PER 100 FEET IN MAIN LINES FOR PORTABLE ALUMINUM PIPE WITH COUPLINGS*
Based on Scobey’s Formula (K=.40) and 30-Ft. Pipe Lengths**

FLOW: 3-in. OD / 2.194 ID 4-in. OD / 3.906 ID 5-in. OD / 4.896 ID 6-in. OD / 5.884 ID 7-in. OD / 6.872 ID 8-in. OD / 7.856 ID 10-in. OD / 9.818 ID
Gal./Min.

200 14.01 3.333 1.102 .448 .209

220 16.79 3.996 1.321 .537 .251
240 19.81 4.713 1.558 .633 .296
260 23.06 5.488 1.814 .737 .344
280 26.55 6.316 2.089 .849 .397
300 30.27 7.203 2.381 .967 .452 .235
320 34.22 8.142 2.692 1.094 .511 .265
340 38.39 9.137 3.020 1.227 .573 .298
360 42.80 10.18 3.366 1.368 .639 .332
380 47.43 11.29 3.731 1.516 .708 .368
400 52.28 12.44 4.113 1.671 .781 .399 .136
420 13.65 4.513 1.833 .857 .445 .149
440 14.57 4.930 1.988 .936 .486 .163
460 16.23 5.364 2.179 1.019 .529 .177
480 17.59 5.815 2.363 1.104 .573 .192
500 19.01 6.284 2.554 1.193 .620 .208
550 22.79 7.532 3.060 1.430 .742 .249
600 26.88 8.886 3.611 1.687 .876 .294
650 31.30 10.35 4.204 1.965 1.020 .342
700 36.03 11.91 4.839 2.262 1.174 .394
750 41.08 13.58 5.517 2.520 1.339 .449
800 15.35 6.237 2.915 1.513 .507
850 17.22 6.999 3.271 1.698 .569
900 19.20 7.801 3.646 1.893 .635
950 21.28 8.645 4.041 2.097 .703
1000 23.45 9.530 4.454 2.312 .775
1100 28.11 11.42 5.338 2.771 .929
1200 31.75 13.58 6.298 3.269 1.096
1300 15.69 7.333 3.806 1.277
1400 18.06 8.441 4.382 1.470
1500 20.59 9.264 4.996 1.675
1600 23.28 10.88 5.648 1.894
1700 26.12 12.21 6.337 2.125
1800 13.61 7.064 2.369
1900 15.08 7.829 2.625
2000 16.62 8.630 2.894

*From Engineering Handbook. Chapter 11, Section 15, Irrigation, Soil Conservation Service.
**Note:Where 20-ft. sections of pipe are used, increase values shown in the table by 7.0%. Where 40-ft. sections of pipe are used, decrease values shown in the table by 3.0%.

Engine Application Guidelines AG-16 - 26 August 2011

 ENGINE SELECTION
Exhibit IX
FRICTION LOSS IN FEET PER 100 FEET IN ASBESTOS CEMENT CLASS 150-PRESSURE PIPE

FLOW: N o m i n a l P i p e D i a m e t e r i n I n c h e s
Gal./Min. 4” (I.D. = 3.95”) 6” (I.D. = 5.85”) 8” (I.D. = 7.85”) 10” (I.D. = 10.00”) 12” (I.D. = 12.00”)
200 2.53 0.372
220 3.03 .447
240 3.56 .525
260 4.16 .611
280 4.77 .705
300 5.44 .803
320 6.16 .910
340 6.91 1.02
360 7.70 1.14
380 8.54 1.26
400 9.40 1.39 0.324
420 10.3 1.52 .355
440 11.3 1.66 .389
460 12.3 1.81 .423
480 13.3 1.96 .458
500 14.4 2.12 .495
550 17.2 2.55 .594
600 20.3 2.99 .701 0.214
650 23.7 3.49 .818 .249
700 27.3 4.02 .935 .287
750 31.1 4.57 1.07 .328
800 5.18 1.21 .370 0.152
850 5.81 1.36 .415 .170
900 6.46 1.51 .464 .190
950 7.17 1.68 .511 .210
1000 7.91 1.85 .564 .232
1100 9.45 2.21 .675 .278
1200 11.2 2.62 .800 .328
1300 13.0 3.04 .932 .384
1400 15.0 3.50 1.07 .438
1500 17.1 3.99 1.22 .502
1600 19.3 4.52 1.38 .566
1700 5.06 1.55 .637
1800 5.67 1.73 .710
1900 6.26 1.91 .787
2000 6.90 2.11 .864
2200 8.27 2.53 1.04
2400 9.75 2.98 1.23
2600 11.4 3.47 1.43
2800 13.1 4.00 1.64
3000 14.9 4.56 1.87

Engine Application Guidelines AG-16 - 27 August 2011

 ENGINE SELECTION

Exhibit X

COMMON GEARHEAD RATIOS (With 1760 Pump RPM)

Engine Rpm 1467 1760 1936 2112 2200 2347

Gearhead Ratio 5:6 1:1 11:10 6:5 5:4 4:3

Engine Application Guidelines AG-16 - 28 August 2011

 ENGINE SELECTION

HISTORY OF CHANGES

Date Section Owner EIB Page(s) Description of Change(s)

12 Apr 18 Curt Ritter • pp. 1-10 • Various minor text changes
• p. 7 • New text (moved from another location) added, “Derating Factors.
• p. 27 • “History of Changes” page added.
12 Apr 30 Jim Kaiser pp. 2-5 Various minor text changes
15 Feb 10 Jim Kaiser pp. 1-5 Application Ratings\Definitions; Engine Selection; Application Load Factor;
Application Flowchart

Engine Application Guidelines AG-16 - 29 History of Changes