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Assignment 4

The document contains 10 problems related to linear algebra concepts like solving systems of linear equations using Gauss-Jordan elimination, determining whether a linear system has a solution, finding eigenvalues and eigenvectors, and determining if a matrix can be diagonalized. The problems cover topics such as linear dependence and independence, consistency of linear systems, diagonalizability criteria, and constructing matrices with specified properties.

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Aryan Pandey
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90 views

Assignment 4

The document contains 10 problems related to linear algebra concepts like solving systems of linear equations using Gauss-Jordan elimination, determining whether a linear system has a solution, finding eigenvalues and eigenvectors, and determining if a matrix can be diagonalized. The problems cover topics such as linear dependence and independence, consistency of linear systems, diagonalizability criteria, and constructing matrices with specified properties.

Uploaded by

Aryan Pandey
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Department of Mathematics, IIT Madras

MA1020 Series & Matrices


Assignment-4 Linear Systems & Eigenvalue Problem

1. Solve the following system by Gauss-Jordan elimination:

x1 +x2 +x3 +x4 −3x5 = 6


2x1 +3x2 +x3 +4x4 −9x5 = 17
x1 +x2 +x3 +2x4 −5x5 = 8
2x1 +2x2 +2x3 +3x4 −8x5 = 14

2. Let A ∈ Fm×n have columns A1 , . . . , An . Let b ∈ Fm . Show the following:

(a) The equation Ax = 0 has a non-zero solution iff A1 , . . . , An are linearly dependent.
(b) The equation Ax = b has at least one solution iff b ∈ span{A1 , . . . , An }.
(c) The equation Ax = b has at most one solution iff A1 , . . . , An are linearly independent.
(d) The equation Ax = b has a unique solution iff rank A = rank[A|b] = number of unknowns.

3. Check if the system is consistent. If so, determine the solution set.


(a) x1 −x2 +2x3 −3x4 = 7, 4x1 +3x3 +x4 = 9, 2x1 −5x2 +x3 = −2, 3x1 −2x2 −2x3 +10x4 = −12.
(b) x1 −x2 +2x3 −3x4 = 7, 4x1 +3x3 +x4 = 9, 2x1 −5x2 +x3 = −2, 3x1 −2x2 −2x3 +10x4 = −14.

4. Using Gauss-Jordan elimination determine the values of k ∈ R so that the system of linear equations
x + y − z = 1, 2x + 3y + kz = 3, x + ky + 3z = 2
has (a) no solution, (b) infinitely many solutions, (c) exactly one solution.

5. Find the eigenvalues and the associated eigenvectors for the matrices given below.
 
      −2 0 3
3 10 13 2 −2 −1
(a) (b) (c) (d)  −2 3 0 
8 −1 −1 0 15 12
10 0 5

6. Let A ∈ Cn×n be invertible. Show that λ ∈ C is an eigenvalue of A if and only if 1/λ is an eigenvalue
of A−1 .

7. Let A be an n × n matrix and α be a scalar such that each row (or each column) sums to α. Show that
α is an eigenvalue of A.

8. Give an example of an n × n matrix that cannot be diagonalized.

9. Find the matrix A ∈ R3×3 that satisfies the given condition. Diagonalize it if possible.

(a) A(a, b, c)T = (a + b + c, a + b − c, a − b + c)T for all a, b, c ∈ R.


(b) Ae1 = 0, Ae2 = e1 , Ae3 = e2 .
(c) Ae1 = e2 , Ae2 = e3 , Ae3 = 0.
(d) Ae1 = e3 , Ae2 = e2 , Ae3 = e1 .

10. Which of the following matrices is/are diagonalizable? If one is diagonalizable, then diagonalize it.
       
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1
(a)  1 −1 1  (b)  0 1 1  (c)  1 1 0  (d) 1 0 1 .
1 1 −1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0

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