Terex £ Transmission Line 1. A signal generator has an intemal resistance of 500 and an open circuit voltage v(t) = 3cos(2n x 10°C), It is connected (0 a 75Q lossless transmission line that is 4m long and pe. ty , : terminateddy & matched load at the other end. If the signal propagation velocity 00 this éE2 2.5 x 108 nf. ind the instantaneous voltage and current at an arbitrary location ime son, 4m 4 [= BY LO al —+z 75Q 2. Two antennas are connected through a quarter wavelength long lossless transmission line as shoiwn in the eitcut ilustealéd here. However the characteristic impedance of this Whe is unknown, The array is exeited through m.$0Q line, Antenna A has impedance of 801) while antenna B has 56-1j28@ current peals values through these antennas are found to be 1.5 LO” A and 1,5490"A respectively. Determine characteristic impedance of the line connecting these two antennas and the value of a reacimce connected in series with antenna B, /#— 4 —| A 500) Joh 8045350 S64)280 —>z 3. Design a Quarter wavelength transformer to match a 200 load to the 450 i9ne al 3 GH2, if this transformer is made from ‘Teflon-filled (¢, = 2-1) coaxial line, calculate its length (in cm), Also, determine the diameter of its inner conductor iff the inner diameter of the ower conductor is 0.5 em, Assume that the impedance transformer is Lossless,4. Design a Quarter wavelength microstrip impedance transformer to match a patch antenna of 802 with a 50Q line. This system is to be fabricated on a 1.6 mm thick substrate (Fy = 2.3) that operates at 2 GHz. Sy Rae fv ral Zor 20 % ed 5, Measurements are made on a 1m long coaxial fine (with negligible loss) using an impedance bridge that operates at 100 MHz. first, one of its ends is short circuited and the impedance at the other end is measured as ~j $6.6025Q. repeating the measurements with an open circuit in place of a short circuit shows an impedance of j 28,8675. Find the characteristic impedance of the line and propagation constant. If the co-axial line is Tallon filled (c, = 2.1) and the inner diameter of its outer conductor is 0.066 cm determine diameter of its inner conductor. 6. A microwave transmitter is fabricated on a GaAs substrate. An antenna used in the system offers @ resistive load of 40. The electronic circuit has output impedance of 1 kQ. Design a microstrip 1/4 impedance transformer to match the system. The operating frequency is 4 GHz and the substrate thickness is 0.05 mm ¢; of the GaAs substrate is 12.3. 7. A copper coaxial line which has inner conductor radius of | mm and outer conductor radius of 4 mm. If this is operating at 5 GHz. Find out attenuation for (a) air filled co-axial line (b) Teflon (e, = 2.1, tan 6=0.0004) filled co-axial line. 8, Power handling capacity of co-axial line is given by ated) Ine Fnax 7 where Ed is the field strength at breakdown. Find the value of b/a that maximize power handling capacity and show that corresponding characteristic impedance is about 302. 9. An air filled coaxial line had maximum peak power capacity of $20 KW. Find maximum operating frequency feas, Without higher order modes coming in.10. Find cut-off frequency of first two propagation modes of a Teflon filler circular waveguide with «= 0.5 em, If interior of guide is gold plated, calculate overall loss in dB for 430m, length operating at 14 GHz, 11. An air filled circular waveguide has a radius of 1.5 m and is to carry energy at a frequency of 10 GHz. Find all the TE and TM modes for which energy wansmission is possible. 12. Anair filled circular waveguide of 2 cm inside radius is operated in the TE10 mode. (a) Compute the cutoff frenqueney (b) If the guide is to be filled with a dielectric material of ¢, = 2.25, to what value must its radius be changed in order to maintain the cutoff frequency at its original value? 13. Three connectors have specification given below Outer dia Inner dia Connector I 3.5mm 1.52 mm Connector 2 24mm 1.04 mm Connector 3 Imm 0.43 mm Compare the above connectors in terms of cutoff frequency, voltage breakdown and Max power handling capacity. Draw conclusions.Waveguide 1. An airfilled waveguide with a cross section 2X1 cm transports energy in the TE; mode at the rate of SOOW. The impressed frequency is 30 GHz. What is the peak value of the electric field occurring in the guide? -— tem x 2. A rectangular waveguide is designed to propagate the dominant mode TE; at a frequency 5 Giz, The cut off frequency is 0.8 of signal frequency. The ratio of the guide height to width is 2. The time-average power flowing through the guide is 1 kW. Determine the magnitude of electric and magnetic intensities in the guide. 3. A rectangular waveguide is terminated in an unknown impedance at 2-25 em. A dominant mode TELO is propagated in the guide, and its VSWR is measured as 28 at a 9.46 cm and z= 12.73 frequency of 8 GHz, The adjacent voltage minima are located at % om a) Determine the value of the load impedance in terms of 2) b) Fi obtain a VSWR of unity id the position closest to the Joad where an inductive window is placed in order to ¢) Determine the value of window admittance. 4. An antenna is connected to a 100W transmitter through a 502 coaxial cable, The input impedance of the antenna is 45. The transmitter output impedance is perfectly matched to the cable. Calculate (a) the VSWR at the antenna input port (b) the return loss at the input port (c) the reflected power in watts at the input port.5. ‘The TE mode is propagated in a rectangular waveguide of dimension a~6 cm and b=4 em, By means of travelling detector, the distance between maxima and minima is found to be 4.55 cm. Find frequency of wave. 6. Arrectangular waveguide has dimension 2.5 X 5 ems. Determine the a) guide wave length ) phase constant (B) ¢) phase velocity (vp) at a wavelength of 4.5 cms of dominant mode. 7. A rectangular waveguide with dimension of 3X2 ems operates in the TM, mode at 10 GHz. Determine characteristic wave impedance. $ Determine cut-off wavelength of dominant mode in a rectangular waveguide of dimension 20X20 cms. For 25 GHz signal propagated in this waveguide in the dominant mode. Calculate (a) Guide wavelength (b) Group velocity (c) Phase velocity. 9, For dominant mode propagated in air filled circular waveguide, the cut-off wavelength is 10cm. Find (a) Cross sectional area of guide (b) Frequency that can be used for this mode of propagation. 10. For dominant mode of operation in air filled cireular waveguide of inner diameter 4 cms, Find (a) cut off wavelength (b) wavelength of Guide. 11. For TEjo mode a frequency of GHz does not supported by a rectangular waveguide of dimension 1.5 X 1 ems. Ifa dielectric slab of dieleetrie constant 4 inserted into waveguide then this frequency of operation is possible or not? 12. A keband rectangular waveguide filled with a dielectrie material having &, = 2.6 and tan = 0.001 operating at F = 20 GHz, Determine dielectric attenuation ad, in dB/m for dominant mode of operation,Planar Transmission line 1. A 500 microstrip line is built on a substrate (z, = 10) with a thickness of 0.075 cms. The line is connected to a 10Q load as shown in the figure below. Determine (a) the reflection coefficient F VSWR, percentage of incident power being reflected, and retum loss (b) if a quarter wavelength transformer is used to mateh this load design wi, Ww and l, in millimetres. ‘The operating frequency is 3 GHz, i” w SOI line Load & al ; Fl ka R= 100, 2. Design @ strip transmission line for a 70 characteristi impedance. The ground plane separation is 0.316 cm and dielectric constant of filling material is 2.20. What is the guide wavelength on this transmissi if frequency is 3.0 GHz. A microwave antenna feed network operating at 5 GHz. require a 50 printed transmission line that is 162. long. Possible choice are (1) copper microstrip with d=0.16 em, ¢, = 2.20, and 20 and t = 0.0mm, and tan 3 tan 5 = 0.001 or (2) copper stripline with b = 0.32 em, £, = 0.00] which line is to be used if attenuation is to be minimized. 4. Design a microstrip transmission line for a 1000 characteristic impedance. ‘The substrate thickness is 0.158 em with €, ~ 2.20 em. What is the guide wavelength of transmission line if the frequency is 4.0 GHz.