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Capitulo 1

The document contains C code examples demonstrating various language features including defining functions, using inline, attributes like packed and noreturn, and makefiles. It includes code snippets showing a "Hello World" program, using inline to increment a variable, defining a function in a header file, using noreturn to exit a program, using packed to control struct layout, and compiling with flags like -ansi. It also has examples of printing user IDs, a library implementation, and rules for compiling multiple programs into object files and libraries.

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jose
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56 views4 pages

Capitulo 1

The document contains C code examples demonstrating various language features including defining functions, using inline, attributes like packed and noreturn, and makefiles. It includes code snippets showing a "Hello World" program, using inline to increment a variable, defining a function in a header file, using noreturn to exit a program, using packed to control struct layout, and compiling with flags like -ansi. It also has examples of printing user IDs, a library implementation, and rules for compiling multiple programs into object files and libraries.

Uploaded by

jose
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Capitulo 1

/*
* hello.c Canonical "Hello, World!" program
*/
#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
puts("Hello there, Linux programmer!");
return 0;
}

/*
* inline.c - Using the inline keyword
*/
#include <stdio.h>

inline void inc(int *a)


{
(*a)++;
}

int main(void)
{
int i = 0;
while(i < 100) {
inc(&i);
printf("%d ", i);
}
printf("\n");

return 0;
}

/*
* msg.c - Define function from msg.h
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include "msg.h"

void prmsg(char *msg)


{
printf("%s\n", msg);
}

/*
* noret.c - Using the noreturn attribute
*/
#include <stdio.h>

void die_now(void) __attribute__ ((noreturn));

int main(void)
{
int i = 0;
while(1) {
switch(i) {
case 0 ... 5:
printf("i = %d\n", i);
break;
default:
die_now();
}
++i;
}
return 0;
}

void die_now(void)
{
puts("dying now");
exit(1);
}

/*
* packme.c - Using gcc's packed attributed
*/
#include <stdio.h>

struct P {
short s[3];
long l;
char str[5];
} __attribute__ ((packed));

struct UP {
short s[3];
long l;
char str[5];
};

int main(void)
{
struct P packed;
struct UP unpacked;

printf("sizeof char str[5] = %d bytes\n", sizeof(char) * 5);


printf(" sizeof long = %d bytes\n", sizeof(long));
printf(" sizeof short s[3] = %d bytes\n", sizeof(short) * 3);
printf(" sizeof packed = %d bytes\n", sizeof packed);
printf(" sizeof unpacked = %d bytes\n", sizeof unpacked);

return 0;
}

/*
* pedant.c - Compile with -ansi, -pedantic or -pedantic-errors
*/
#include <stdio.h>

void main(void)
{
long long int i = 0l;
puts("This is a non-conforming C program");
}

/*
* showit.c Display driver
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include "msg.h"

int main(void)
{
char msg_hi[] = {"Hi there, programmer!"};
char msg_bye[] = {"Goodbye, programmer!"};

printf("%s\n", msg_hi);
prmsg(msg_bye);
return 0;
}

LDFLAGS :=

# Switch the comment characters on the next two lines if


# you want to optimize
CFLAGS := -g $(CPPFLAGS)
#CFLAGS := -O2 $(CPPFLAGS)

PROGS = \
hello \
pedant \
newhello \
newhello-lib \
noret \
inline \
packme

all: $(PROGS)

.c.o:
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $*.c

.SUFFIXES : .c .o

hello: hello.c

pedant: pedant.c

newhello: showit.c msg.c


$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $^ -o $@

newhello-lib: showit.c libmsg.a


$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@ -I. -L. -lmsg

libmsg.a: msg.c
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $< -o libmsg.o
$(AR) rcs libmsg.a libmsg.o

noret: noret.c

inline: inline.c
$(CC) -O2 $< -o $@

packme: packme.c

.PHONY : clean zip

clean:
$(RM) $(PROGS) *.o *.a *~ *.out

zip: clean
zip 215101cd.zip *.c *.h Makefile

/*
* msg.h - Header for msg.c
*/

#ifndef MSG_H_
#define MSG_H_

void prmsg(char *msg);

#endif /* MSG_H_ */

Capitulo 2
/*
* ids.c - Print UIDs and GIDs
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main(void)
{
printf("Real user ID: %d\n", getuid());
printf("Effective user ID: %d\n", geteuid());
printf("Real group ID: %d\n", getgid());
printf("Effective group ID: %d\n", getegid());
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}

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