Gramatica Ingles
Gramatica Ingles
Gramatica Ingles
AFIRMATIVO
NEGATIVO
INTERROGATIVO
Am I from Spain
Is he from Spain?
Is it from Spain?
RESPUESTAS CORTAS
Yes,I am.
Yes,he is.
Yes, it is.
Yes, we are.
USO
PRONOMBRES SUJETO
I - yo
you - tú
he - él
she - ella
we - nosotros
we - nosotras
you - ellos
you -ellas
they - ellos
they - ellas
USO
I´m Italian.
He is tall Es alto.
ADJETIVOS POSESIVOS
my - mi
our - nuestro
our - nuestra
USO
* En inglés ponemos el adjetivo posesivo delante del sustantivo para indicar
quien posee una cosa.
PARTÍCULAS INTERROGATIVAS
Who? ¿Quién?
When? ¿Cuándo?
How? ¿Cómo?
Where? ¿Dónde?
AFIRMATIVA
singular:
There is
There´s
plural:
There are
NEGATIVA
singular:
There is not
There isn´t
plural:
There aren´t
INTERROGATIVA
singular:
Is there?
plural:
Are there?
RESPUESTAS CORTAS
singular:
plural:
USO
AFIRMATIVO
NEGATIVO
INTERROGATIVO
RESPUESTAS CORTAS
Yes, I have.
Yes, he has.
Yes, we have.
No, I haven´t.
No, he hasn´t
No, it hasn´t
USO
* En ingles británico se suele utilizar have junto con got, especialmente a nivel
oral.
AFIRMATIVO
Do I like fish?
Do we like fish?
RESPUESTAS CORTAS
Yes, I do.
Yes, he does.
Yes, it does.
Yes, we do.
Yes, you do.
No, I don´t
No, he doesn´t
No, it doesn´t
No, we don´t
* Para formar la tercera persona singular (que corresponde a he, she, it) del
presente simple, normalmente se añade –s.
eat - eats
work - works
* A los verbos que acaban en –ch, -sh, -s, -x, se les añade –es. wash - washes
teach - teaches
go - goes
try - tries
study - studies
* A los verbos acabados en vocal + -y, se les añade –s. say - says
play - plays
*La terminación –es del presente simple se pronuncia /iz/ cuando los verbos
acaban en –ch, -sh, -s, -x, añadiendo una sílaba al verbo.
I teach - he teaches
we go - she goes
PRONOMBRES PERSONALES
PRONOMBRE SUJETO
I - yo
you - tú
he -él
she - ella
you - vosotros
they - ellos
I - me
you - you
he - him
she - her
it - it
we - us
you - you
they - them
I like you.
Talk to her.
ADVERBIOS DE FRECUENCIA
AFIRMATIVA
0 % ------------------------------------------------------ 100 %
never
sometimes
often
usually
always
RECUERDA
INTERROGATIVA
USOS
POSESIVOS
LA `S´ POSESIVA
Harry´s sister
My children´s school
PRESENTE CONTINUO
AFIRMATIVO
I am (I´m) working.
He is (He´s) working.
It is (It´s) working.
NEGATIVO
INTERROGATIVO
Am I working?
Is he working?
Is she working?
Is it working
Are we working?
RESPUESTAS CORTAS
Yes, I am.
Yes, he is.
Yes, it is.
Yes,we are.
No, he isn´t.
No, it isn´t.
No, we aren´t.
USO
¿Adónde vas?
He´s watching TV.
eat - eating
start - starting
write - writing
have - having
put - putting
swim - swimming
run - running
play - playing
mix - mixing
snow - snowing
lie - lying
die - dying
USO
PRESENTE SIMPLE
PRESENTE CONTINUO
PRONOMBRES DEMONSTRATIVOS
USO
apple
three apples
* Sin embargo, algunos cosas, por ejemplo liquidos, no pueden contarse y por
ello no van normalmente en plural.
milk (No es posible `milks´)
`A´ Y `AN´
a pen
an orange
a university
an umbrella
a chair
an apple
a house
SOME
ANY
I like cheese.
Me gusta el queso.
English is easy.
El ingles es fácil.
John´s leg.
La pierna de John.
EXPRESIONES DE CANTIDAD
A LOT OF:
MUCH:
MANY:
SOME:
ANY:
* Contable en plural: Do you have any friends? No, I don’t have any friends.
* Incontable (singular): Do you have any money? No, I don’t have any money.
IMPERATIVOS
USO
Listen! - ¡Escucha!
En afirmativa:
Run!
Stop!
En negativa:
Don´t run!
Don´t stop!
CAN
AFIRMATIVO
NEGATIVO
INTERROGATIVO
RESPUESTAS CORTAS
Yes, I can
Yes, he can
Yes, it can
Yes, we can
Yes, you can
No, I can´t
No, he can´t
No, it can´t
No, we can´t
USO
Sé tocar el piano.
PRONUNCIATION –CAN/CAN´T
he can sing. /k n/
WAS/ WERE
Forma afirmativa:
`Was´ se utiliza con la primera y la tercera persona del singular, y `were´ con el
resto de las personas.
FORMA NEGATIVA
FORMA INTERROGATIVA
RESPUESTAS BREVES:
No, I wasn´t.
AFIRMATIVO
I worked.
You worked.
He worked.
She worked.
It worked.
We worked.
You worked.
They worked.
FORMA AFIRMATIVA:
Sujeto + infinitive del verbo sin to + ed.
I watched TV yesterday.
ORTOGRAFÍA
work - worked
live - lived
study - studied
travel - travelled
El pasado simple de algunos verbos ingleses no acaba en –ed, sino que tiene
una forma irregular, que es la misma para todas las personas.
I had
You had
He had
She had
It had
We had
You had
They had
Los verbos irregulars no siguen normas ortográficas generales, por lo que hay
que aprendérselos de memoría.
do - did - hacer
go - went - ir(se)
He didn´t work.
It didn´t work.
We didn´t work.
INTERROGATIVA
Did I work?
Did he work?
Did it work?
Did we work?
RESPUESTAS BREVESAFIRMATIVA
Yes, I did.
Yes, he did.
Yes, it did.
Yes, we did.
NEGATIVA
No, I didn´t.
No, he didn´t.
No, it didn´t.
No, we didn´t.
Frases Negativas:
I didn´t.
You didn´t.
He didn´t.
She didn´t.
It didn´t.
We didn´t.
You didn´t.
They didn´t.
Frases interrogativas:
Did I?
Did you?
Did he?
Did she?
Did it?
Did we?
Did you?
Did they?
RECUERDA:
USOS:
AGO
* Ago se traduce por ¨hace¨ y se refiere a una acción del pasado, a algo que ya
ha acabado.
ADJETIVOS BREVES
ADJETIVOS IRREGULARES
USO:
RECUERDA:
BE GOING TO
I am going to study.
He is going to study.
It is going to study.
* El futuro con `going to´ se forma con el presente simple del auxiliar `be´
seguido de `going to´ y el infinitivo del verbo sin `to´.
Am I going to study?
Yes, I am.
Is he going to study?
Yes, he is.
No, he isn´t.
Is it going to study?
Yes, it is.
No, it isn´t
Yes, we are.
No, we aren´t
`Yes, it is.´
USOS:
*`Be going to´ se utiliza para hablar de planes e intenciones de cara al futuro.
RECUERDA:
* Las formas contractas de `going to´ son muy frecuentes en la lengua oral y en
textos informales.
* Cuando el verbo principal de la oración con `going to´ es el verbo go, este se
suele omitir.